Lauren Pharr: How vultures can help solve crimes
Лорен Фарр: Как грифы могут помочь в раскрытии преступлений
Lauren Pharr promotes the role of vultures in forensic science. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
to be a doctor.
чтобы я стала врачом.
how vultures eat dead things
my parents had in mind.
and how vultures affect crime scenes.
и их влияние на места преступлений.
about how we take vultures for granted
как мы используем этих птиц
I want to tell you a story.
расскажу вам одну историю.
all 1,000 of us.
все 1 000 присутствующих.
in Nashville, Tennessee,
в Нэшвилле, Теннеси.
floppy derby hats.
to start talking
and see vultures circling round and round.
кружащих в небе грифов.
connection to death,
about these birds at crime scenes?
в связи с преступлениями?
are connected to death.
как именно.
I received from a detective in Louisiana:
от детектива из Луизианы:
do we have in Louisiana?"
у нас в Луизиане?»
question I get all the time.
вопрос о грифах/стервятниках.
in the sky within the US are vultures.
кружат в небе над США — это грифы.
that live in Louisiana
of vultures in forensic science,
в криминалистике
certain things become apparent.
the individual is dead.
to try to find the body.
that vultures circling in the sky
кружащие в небе,
seen a vulture up close
to flap their wings and fly,
чтобы махать крыльями,
which are vortexes or little tornadoes
as the sun heats up the ground.
от нагретой солнцем земли.
a circling vulture,
from point A to B,
из пункта А в пункт В,
to try to find a body,
вы хотите найти тело,
or on a fence post.
чтобы охотиться.
the only animals in the world
как источника еды.
that you see here is super cool,
удивительные птицы,
that can actually smell.
кто чувствует запахи.
by sensing a chemical
produced following death.
производимых трупами.
and quickly scavenges.
and leave you with a skeleton.
и в конце концов оставляют только скелет.
of vultures is not in the air,
отчасти отвратительно.
на неудачном свидании,
giving you another call.
vultures are key forensic players,
они важны в криминалистике,
are so good at what they do.
хороши в своём деле.
and if they scavenge humans,
за счёт человеческих останков,
forensic textbooks and training manuals?
из судебных инструкций?
to exclude animal scavengers
не допускают падальщиков
over the decaying subject matter.
would run away with their subject matter
растащат весь материал
any data to report --
in a lengthy skeletonization process,
затягивает процесс скелетизации,
what detectives use during investigations.
when people see a skeletonized body,
в криминальных сценах,
for a really long time undiscovered."
он пролежал здесь очень долго».
could have been there
if scavenged by vultures.
если их обработали грифы.
for vulture scavenging
inaccurately estimating
как долго человек уже мёртв,
missing person's files.
при розыске пропавших людей.
scientists to focus on vulture evidence
могли законно
to consider vulture scavenging
и принимать его во внимание,
when skeletal remains are found.
of the kidnapping case.
like areas with water.
территории рядом с водой.
the first five days following death,
в первые пять дней после смерти,
an intact spinal column and feathers.
и теряют перья поблизости.
in a shallow grave.
в неглубокой яме.
40 yards from where the body was found.
в 30 с лишнем метрах от трупа.
to a bloody pine cone.
с окровавленной шишкой.
and they typically don't wander.
и обычно они не перемещаются так далеко.
but they're not going to wander 40 yards.
но не на почти 40.
when it will get its next meal.
в следующий раз.
if vultures were at the scene.
были ли они там вообще.
was consistent with the turkey vulture.
оказались перьями грифа-индейки.
would a vulture wander 40 yards?
на расстояние в почти 40 метров?
to operate in a manner
by biology and physics.
the numerous bating experiments
where you can donate your body to science.
пожертвовать своё тело науке.
my experiences with trapping
of monitoring vultures
and had an "Aha!" moment.
и вот оно!
lure a vulture 40 yards from a body.
to the detectives
the victim had been incapacitated
was thought to have occurred
and buried in a shallow grave.
почти 40 метров и зарыли в яме.
was the lure for the vulture
для хищных птиц.
studying vulture behavior
их поведения
some of the evidence.
некоторые доказательства.
out of the grave.
you have to think about the whole picture.
обо всей картине в целом.
indicated that vultures were at the scene.
указало, что грифы там были.
scavenging behavior.
видим белое пуховое перо,
of the turkey vulture.
has a cut-like tear near the wrist.
что на коже запястья имеется порез.
smells the decay, lands.
приземляется.
the soft tissues away from the bone.
tear and pull, tear and pull.
the scavenging efficiency of vultures.
эффективность работы грифов.
support the time line
восстановить факты во времени,
together for the murder.
при расследовании убийства.
the vultures at the crime scene.
птиц на месте преступления.
these very subtle clues.
and fast at what they do.
и быстры в том, что делают.
the vulture evidence to the detective.
the vulture evidence in court.
was a death penalty case.
how studying vulture behavior
как изучение поведения грифов
investigation possible.
расследования.
в криминалистике,
in forensic studies,
of what happened, when it happened
что и когда случилось
at a crime scene with a dead body --
на месте преступления рядом с трупом...
to find the clues vultures have left.
оставленные грифами.
brings up vultures on a date,
с собой на свидание,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Lauren Pharr - Forensic anthropologistLauren Pharr promotes the role of vultures in forensic science.
Why you should listen
Every animal has its enthusiast. For the turkey vulture, it's Dr. Lauren Pharr. Originally from Tennessee, Pharr uses her PhD from LSU's Department of Geography and Anthropology to research and promote the role of vultures in forensic science.
Through cross-disciplinary research in forensic anthropology and geographic information systems, Pharr has shown that deeper study of vulture scavenging can lead to faster and more accurate work in identifying human remains. Pharr's work has led her across the country to help law enforcement professionals and researchers at the Texas State Forensic Anthropology Research Facility, the Smithsonian Ornithology Laboratory and the New York City Office of the Chief Medical Examiner. Whether it's helping local law enforcement solve missing-person cases or assisting in data collection and research at national labs, Pharr proves that this often misunderstood species offers more than a cliché about vultures circling.
Lauren Pharr | Speaker | TED.com