TED2006
Peter Gabriel: Fight injustice with raw video
Peter Gabriel lluita contra la injustícia amb vídeos
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El músic i activista Peter Gabriel comparteix la seva motivació personal en defensa dels drets humans amb el grup WITNESS, i conta històries de ciutadans periodistes en acció.
Peter Gabriel - Musician, activist
Peter Gabriel writes incredible songs but, as the co-founder of WITNESS and TheElders.org, is also a powerful human rights advocate. Full bio
Peter Gabriel writes incredible songs but, as the co-founder of WITNESS and TheElders.org, is also a powerful human rights advocate. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:25
I love trees, and I'm very lucky,
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M'encaten els arbres, i tenc molta sort,
00:28
because we live near a wonderful arboretum,
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perquè vivim a prop d'un magnífic jardí botànic,
00:31
and Sundays, usually, I'd go there with my wife
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i els diumenges, normalment, hi solia anar amb la meva dona
00:34
and now, with my four-year-old,
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i ara, amb la meva filla de quatre anys,
00:36
and we'd climb in the trees, we'd play hide and seek.
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i trepem als arbres, juguem a l'amagat.
00:39
The second school I was at had big trees too,
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La segona escola a la que vaig anar també tenia grans arbres,
00:43
had a fantastic tulip tree, I think it was the biggest in the country,
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tenia un tuliper fantàstic, crec que el més gran del país,
00:47
and it also had a lot of wonderful bushes and vegetation
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i, al seu voltant, també tenia molta vegetació i arbusts magnífics,
00:51
around it, around the playing fields.
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al voltant dels parcs de joc.
00:53
One day I was grabbed by some of my classmates,
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Un dia, alguns companys de classe, em van agafar
00:57
and taken in the bushes -- I was stripped; I was attacked;
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i em van portar als arbusts, em van despullar, i em van atacar.
01:01
I was abused; and this came out of the blue.
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Van abusar de mi, i això va surgir del no res.
01:06
Now, the reason I say that, because, afterwards, I was thinking --
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Ara, la raó per la que dic això, és perquè, després, pensava --
01:10
well, I went back into the school -- I felt dirty; I felt betrayed;
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bé, vaig tornar a l'escola -- em sentia brut, em sentia traït,
01:16
I felt ashamed, but mainly -- mainly, I felt powerless.
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em sentia avergonyit, però principalment -- principalment, em sentia impotent,
01:23
And 30 years later I was sitting in an airplane,
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i 30 anys després estava assegut a un avió,
01:26
next to a lady called Veronica, who came from Chile,
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al costat d'una senyora que es diu Veronica, que era de Xile,
01:29
and we were on a human rights tour,
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i estàvem fent una gira pels drets humans,
01:32
and she was starting to tell me what it was like to be tortured,
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i va començar a explicar-me com era ser torturat
01:37
and, from my very privileged position,
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i des de la meva molt privilegiada posició
01:40
this was the only reference point that I had.
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això era l'únic punt de referència que tenia.
01:44
And it was an amazing learning experience
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I va ser una experiència d'aprenentatge increïble
01:46
because, for me, human rights have been something in which I had,
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perquè, per mi, els drets humans han set una cosa en la que he tingut,
01:49
you know, a part-time interest, but, mainly,
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ja sabeu, un interès a temps parcial, però, principalment,
01:52
it was something that happened to other people over there.
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era una cosa que passava a la gent d'allí fora.
01:55
But I got a phone call from Bono in 1985 and, as you know,
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Però vaig rebre una trucada del Bono al 1985 i, com ja sabeu,
02:02
he's a great singer, but he's a magnificent hustler, and --
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és un gran cantant, però és un magnífic engalipador, i --
02:07
(Laughter) --
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(Rialles)
02:09
a very hard guy to say no to, and he was saying,
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i un home a qui és molt difícil dir no, i ell em deia,
02:12
you know, just after I'd done the Biko song,
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just després de que jo hagués fet la cançó Biko,
02:14
we're going to do a tour for Amnesty,
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"anem a fer una gira per Amnistia,
02:16
you have to be on it, and really that was the first time
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has de participar-hi", i, realment, aquella era la primera vegada
02:19
that I'd been out and started meeting people
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que jo sortia i començava a conèixer a gent
02:23
who'd watched their family being shot in front of them,
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que havia vist com assessinaven la seva família davant seu,
02:26
who'd had a partner thrown out of an airplane into an ocean,
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i com algun company seu havia set tirat a l'oceà des d'un avió,
02:29
and suddenly this world of human rights arrived in my world,
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i, de sobte, aquest món de drets humans va arrivar al meu món,
02:34
and I couldn't really walk away in quite the same way as before.
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i, realment, no podia allunyar-me tal i com ho havia fet abans.
02:39
So I got involved with this tour, which was for Amnesty,
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Així que em vaig involucrar en aquesta gira per Amnistia,
02:43
and then in '88 I took over Bono's job trying to learn how to hustle.
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i, llavors, al '88, vaig agafar el càrrec del Bono intentant aprendre com engalicar.
02:48
I didn't do it as well, but we managed to get Youssou N'Dour, Sting,
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No ho vaig fer igual de bé, però vaig aconseguir que Youssou N'Dour, Sting,
02:52
Tracy Chapman, and Bruce Springsteen to go 'round the world for Amnesty,
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Tracy Chapman, i Bruce Sprinsteen s'unissin per donar la volta al món per Amnistia,
02:57
and it was an amazing experience.
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i va ser una experiència espectacular.
03:00
And, once again, I got an extraordinary education,
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I, un cop més, vaig rebre una ensenyança extraordinària,
03:04
and it was the first time, really,
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i, en realitat, va ser la primera vegada
03:06
that I'd met a lot of these people in the different countries,
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que coneixeria molta gent de diversos països,
03:10
and these human rights stories became very physical,
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i aquestes històries de drets humans es van fer molt reals,
03:15
and, again, I couldn't really walk away quite so comfortably.
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i, un cop més, realment, no podia allunyar-me de tot això amb comoditat.
03:21
But the thing that really amazed me, that I had no idea,
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Però el que em va semblar sorprenent, del que no en tenia ni idea,
03:24
was that you could suffer in this way
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va ser que es pogués patir d'aquesta manera
03:27
and then have your whole experience, your story, denied,
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i, després, que tota aquella experiència, la teva història, fos negada,
03:33
buried and forgotten.
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enterrada i oblidada.
03:36
And it seemed that whenever there was a camera around,
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I semblava que sempre que hi havia una càmara pel voltant,
03:41
or a video or film camera,
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o un vídeo o càmara fotogràfica,
03:44
it was a great deal harder to do -- for those in power to bury the story.
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era molt més difícil de fer, per aquells amb el poder, enterrar la història.
03:51
And Reebok set up a foundation after these Human Rights Now tours
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I Reebok va establir una fundació en conseqüència d'aquesta campanya 'Human Rights Now'
03:55
and there was a decision then --
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i llavors es va prendre una decisió --
03:59
well, we made a proposal, for a couple of years,
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bé, vàrem fer una proposició, per un parell d'anys,
04:02
about trying to set up a division
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per intentar fundar una divisió
04:04
that was going to give cameras to human rights activists.
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que anava a donar càmares a activistes dels drets humans.
04:09
It didn't really get anywhere,
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No vaig aconseguir gaire,
04:10
and then the Rodney King incident happened, and people thought,
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i, llavors, va passar l'incident amb el Rodney King, i la gent va pensar,
04:13
OK, if you have a camera in the right place at the right time,
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bé, si teniu una càmara al lloc i temps just,
04:16
or, perhaps, the wrong time, depending who you are,
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o potser, al moment equivocat, depèn de quí siguis,
04:20
then you can actually start doing something,
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llavors, pots començar a fer alguna cosa,
04:25
and campaigning, and being heard,
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fent campanya, siguent escoltat,
04:29
and telling people about what's going on.
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i diguent-li a la gent el que està passant.
04:31
So, WITNESS was started in '92
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Així es va iniciar Witness (Testimoni) al 1992
04:35
and it's since given cameras out in over 60 countries.
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i, des de llavors, ha donat càmares a més de 60 països.
04:41
And we campaign with activist groups
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I fem campanya amb grups activistes,
04:47
and help them tell their story and, in fact,
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i els ajudem a contar la seva història, i , de fet,
04:51
I will show you in a moment one of the most recent campaigns,
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en un moment els hi ensenyaré una de les campanyes més recents,
04:55
and I'm afraid it's a story from Uganda,
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i em temo que és una història d'Uganda,
04:58
and, although we had a wonderful story from Uganda yesterday,
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i tot i que ahir varem tenir una història meravellosa d'Uganda,
05:02
this one isn't quite so good.
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aquesta no ho és tan.
05:04
In the north of Uganda,
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I al nord d'Uganda,
05:06
there are something like 1.5 million internally displaced people,
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hi ha al voltant d'un milió i mig de desplaçats interns,
05:09
people who are not refugees in another country,
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gent que no són refugiats a un altre país,
05:12
but because of the civil war, which has been going on for about 20 years,
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però que degut a la guerra civil, que ja fa uns 20 anys que dura,
05:16
they have nowhere to live.
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no tenen on viure.
05:18
And 20,000 kids have been taken away to become child soldiers,
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I 20.000 nens han set arrabassats per ser reclutats com soldats,
05:24
and the International Criminal Court is going after five of the leaders of the --
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I el Tribunal Penal Internacional va al darrera de cinc dels líders de --
05:32
now, what's it called?
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com es diu?
05:34
I forget the name of the of the army --
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Se m'oblida el nom d'aquest exèrcit,
05:36
it's Lord's Resistance Army, I believe --
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és crec, Lord's Resistence Army (Exèrcit de Resistència del Senyor),
05:39
but the government, also, doesn't have a clean sheet,
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però el govern tampoc està net,
05:41
so if we could run the first video.
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així que si podem posar el primer video.
05:43
(Music)
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(Música)
05:46
Woman: Life in the camp is never simple. Even today life is difficult.
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Dona: La vida al camp mai és simple. Fins i tot avui és difícil.
05:49
We stay because of the fear that what pushed us into the camp ...
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Ens quedem per por de que el mateix que ens va desplaçar al camp...
05:53
still exists back home.
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encara existeixi a casa.
05:59
Text: "Between Two Fires: Torture and Displacement in Northern Uganda"
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Texte: "Entre dos focs: Tortura i Desplaçament al Nord d'Uganda".
06:10
Man: When we were at home, it was Kony's [rebel] soldiers disturbing us.
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Home: "Quan estàvem a casa, eren els soldats rebels de'n Kony qui ens molestaven.
06:17
At first, we were safe in the camp.
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Al principi, estàvem segurs dins del camp.
06:20
But later the government soldiers began mistreating us a lot.
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Però més tard, els soldats del govern varen començar a maltractar-nos bastant.
06:25
(Chanting)
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(Càntics)
06:28
Jennifer: A soldier walked onto the road, asking where we'd been.
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Jennifer: Un soldat se'ns va apropar al carrer, preguntant on havíem estat.
06:32
Evelyn and I hid behind my mother.
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L'Evelyn i jo ens vàrem amagar al darrere de ma mare.
06:38
Evelyn: He ordered us to sit down, so we sat down.
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Evelyn: "Ens va ordenar que ens asseguéssim, així que vàrem seure.
06:41
The other soldier also came.
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També va venir un altre soldat.
06:44
Jennifer: The man came and started undressing me.
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Jennifer: L'home va venir i va començar a despullar-me.
06:48
The other one carried Evelyn aside.
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L'altre va agafar l'Evelyn i se la va emportar fora.
06:51
The one who was defiling me then left me and went to rape Evelyn.
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El que em va violar, després va marxar a violar l'Evelyn.
06:56
And the one who was raping Evelyn came and defiled me also.
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I el que havia violat a l'Evelyn llavors va venir i em va violar a mi també.
07:00
Man: The soldiers with clubs this long beat us to get a confession.
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Home: Els soldats, ens pegaren, amb garrots així de llargs, per obtenir una confessió.
07:08
They kept telling us, "Tell the truth!" as they beat us.
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No fèien més que repetir, "Digueu la veritat" al mateix temps que ens apallissaven.
07:20
Woman: They insisted that I was lying.
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Dona: Varen insistir en que jo mentia.
07:25
At that moment, they fired and shot off my fingers.
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En aquell mateix moment, em varen disparar i em varen volar els dits.
07:30
I fell. They ran to join the others ... leaving me for dead.
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Vaig caure. Ells varen còrrer per unir-se als altres...donant-me per morta.
07:43
(Music)
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(Música)
07:45
Text: Uganda ratified the Convention Against Torture in 1986.
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Text: Uganda va aprovar la Convenció en contra de la tortura al 1986.
07:54
Torture is defined as any act by which severe pain of suffering,
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La tortura està definida com a qualsevol acte pel qual el dolor sever de patiment,
07:58
whether physical or mental,
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ja sigui físic o mental,
08:01
is intentionally inflicted by a person acting in an official capacity
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és administrat per una persona que actua dins un marc oficial,
08:05
to obtain information or a confession, to punish, coerce or intimidate.
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per obtenir informació o una confessió, per disciplinar, presionar o intimidar.
08:13
Peter Gabriel: So torture is not something that always happens on other soil.
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Peter Gabriel: Així que la tortura no és una cosa que només passi a altres terres
08:19
In my country, it was --
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Al meu país,
08:21
we had been looking at pictures of British soldiers beating up young Iraqis;
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vàrem estar mirant fotografies de soldats britànics apallissant joves iraquís,
08:28
we've got Abu Ghraib; we've got Guantanamo Bay.
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tenim Abu Ghraib, tenim La badia de Guantánamo,
08:30
I had a driver on my way to Newark Airport,
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i jo vaig tenir un xòfer de camí a l'aeroport de Newark.
08:33
and he told me a story that, in the middle of the night, 4 a.m.,
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I em va contar una història, a mitja nit, a les 4 de la matinada,
08:39
he'd been taken out of his home in Queens -- taken to a place in the Midwest,
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se l'havien emportat de casa seva a Queens -- l'havien portat a un lloc al Mig Oest,
08:45
that he was interrogated and tortured
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l'havien interrogat i torturat,
08:49
and returned to the street four weeks later,
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i tornat al carrer 4 setmanes més tard,
08:53
because he had the same -- he was Middle Eastern,
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perquè tenia el mateix nom -- era del Mig Orient,
08:56
and he had the same name as one of the 9/11 pilots,
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i tenia el mateix nom que un dels pilots de vol de l'11S
09:00
and that may or may not be true --
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I això potser és veritat o no,
09:04
I didn't think he was a liar, though.
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però a mi no em va semblar que fos un mentider.
09:07
And, I think, if we look around the world,
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I, jo crec, que si miram al món,
09:11
as well as the polar ice caps melting,
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així com a les capes de gel polars derretint-se,
09:13
human rights, which have been fought for,
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els drets humans, pels que s'ha lluitat
09:16
for many hundreds of years in some cases,
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per moltíssims anys en alguns casos,
09:19
are, also, eroding very fast,
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també s'estan erosionant molt ràpidament,
09:22
and that is something that we need to take a look at
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i, això és una cosa que necessitem mirar
09:26
and, maybe, start campaigning for.
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i potser, començar a fer-li campanya.
09:30
I mean, here, too, one of our partners was at Van Jones
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És a dir, aquí també, un dels nostres afiliats, estava en el projecte
09:35
and the Books Not Bars project -- they have managed,
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de Van Jones, Books Not Bars (Llibres no Reixes), ells van lograr,
09:39
with their footage in California
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amb el seu metratge a California,
09:42
to change the youth correction systems employed,
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canviar els correccionals de menors,
09:47
and it's much -- much -- I think, more humane methods
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i es busquen mètodes, crec, molt, molt més humans
09:52
are being looked at, how you should lock up young kids,
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sobre com s'hauria d'empresonar als joves,
09:56
and that's questionable to start off.
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i això, per començar, és questionable,
09:58
And as the story of Mr. Morales, just down the road,
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i com la història del senyor Morales, just al carrer,
10:04
excuse me, Mr. Gabriel,
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"perdoni Mr. Gabriel,
10:06
would you mind if we delayed your execution a little bit?
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l'importaria si retardéssim la seva execució una mica?"
10:10
No, not at all, no problem, take your time.
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"No, en absolut, cap problema, prengui's el seu temps."
10:13
But this, surely, whoever that man is, whatever he's done,
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Però això, sense dubte, sigui qui sigui, hagi fet el que hagi fet,
10:19
this is cruel and unusual punishment.
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això és un càstig cruel i inusual.
10:23
Anyway, WITNESS has been trying to arm the brave people
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Bé, en tot cas, Witness intenta armar a la gent valenta,
10:29
who often put their lives at risk around the world, with cameras,
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qui, sovint, arrisquen la seva vida, per tot el món, amb càmares,
10:33
and I'd like to show you just a little more of that. Thank you.
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i m'agradaria ensenyar-lis una mica més sobre això. Gràcies.
10:41
(Thunder) Text: You can say a story is fabricated.
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(Trons) Texte: Poden dir que una història ha set fabricada.
10:44
(Music)
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(Música)
10:48
Text: You can say a jury is corrupt.
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Texte: Poden dir que un jurat és corrupte.
10:53
You can say a person is lying.
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Poden dir que una persona està mentint.
11:00
You can say you don't trust newspapers.
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Poden dir que no se'n refien dels periòdics.
11:06
But you can't say
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Però no poden dir
11:12
what you just saw
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que el que acaven de veure
11:15
never happened.
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mai va passar.
11:22
Help WITNESS give cameras to the world.
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Ajudin a WITNESS a donar càmares al món.
11:27
Shoot a video;
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Gravin un vídeo,
11:36
expose injustice;
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exposin la injustícia,
11:42
reveal the truth;
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revelin la veritat,
11:47
show us what's wrong with the world;
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ensenyi'ns el que no va bé al món
11:52
and maybe
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i potser
11:54
we can help
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podem ajudar
11:56
make it
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a canviar-ho
11:58
right.
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per bé
12:06
WITNESS.
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WITNESS
12:12
All the video you have just seen was recorded by
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Tot el video que acaben de veure va ser filmat per
12:14
human rights groups working with WITNESS.
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grups de drets humans que treballen amb WITNESS
12:17
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiment)
12:22
PG: WITNESS was born of technological innovation --
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PG: WITNESS va néixer de la innovació tecnològica,
12:26
in a sense the small, portable, DV cam
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d'alguna manera la petita càmara de DV portàtil
12:28
was really what allowed it to come into being.
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va ser, realment, el que va permetre que es fes realitat.
12:32
And we've also been trying to get computers out to the world,
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I també hem estat intentant aconseguir ordinadors pel món,
12:36
so that groups can communicate much more effectively,
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i així els diferents grups es poden comunicar de manera més efectiva,
12:38
campaign much more effectively,
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fer campanya de manera més efectiva,
12:40
but now we have the wonderful possibility,
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però ara, tenim la meravellosa possibilitat,
12:46
which is given to us from the mobile phone with the camera in it,
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que ens donen els telèfons mòbils amb càmara incorporada,
12:50
because that is cheap; it's ubiquitous; and it's moving fast
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perquè aquests són barats, són ubics, i s'estan moguent ràpidament
12:55
all around the world -- and it's very exciting for us.
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a tot el món, i això, per a nosaltres, és molt emocionant.
12:58
And so, the dream is that we could have a world
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Així que el somni és que poguem tenir un món
13:02
in which anyone who has anything bad happen to them of this sort
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en el que qualsevol persona que hagi patit experiències com aquestes,
13:08
has a chance of getting their story uploaded,
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tingui l'oportunitat de que la seva història sigui pujada a internet,
13:12
being seen, being watched,
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sigui vista,
13:15
that they really know that they can be heard,
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que sàpiguen que poden ser escoltats;
13:18
that there would be a giant website,
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que pugui haver-hi una web gegant,
13:22
maybe, a little like Google Earth,
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potser, com un petit Google Earth,
13:24
and you could fly over and find out the realities of what's going,
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i un podria saber les realitats del que està passant,
13:28
for the world's inhabitants. In a way
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i un podria saber les realitats del que està passant,
13:31
what this technology is allowing is, really,
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el que aquesta tecnologia està permetent és,
13:34
that a lot of the problems of the world can have a human face,
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que molts dels problemes del món puguin tenir una cara humana,
13:38
that we can actually see who's dying of AIDS
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que poguem veure exactement quí està morint de SIDA,
13:41
or who's being beaten up, for the first time,
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o quí està sent apallissat, per primera vegada,
13:46
and we can hear their stories in a way that the blogger culture --
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i podem escoltar les seves històries d'una manera en la que la cultura de blog --
13:50
if we can move that into these sort of fields,
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si es que podem moure això dins d'aquests camps,
13:53
I think we can really transform the world in all sorts of ways.
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jo crec que podem transformar el món de moltes maneres.
14:00
There could be a new movement growing up,
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Podria haver un nou moviment creixent,
14:04
rising from the ground, reaching for the light,
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alçant-se del terra, arribant a la llum
14:09
and growing strong, just like a tree. Thank you.
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i creixent fort, com un arbre. Gràcies.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Peter Gabriel - Musician, activistPeter Gabriel writes incredible songs but, as the co-founder of WITNESS and TheElders.org, is also a powerful human rights advocate.
Why you should listen
Peter Gabriel was a founding member of the extraordinarily successful progressive rock band Genesis. He left the band in 1975 to go solo and, in 1980, set up the international arts festival WOMAD (which stands for World of Music, Arts and Dance) and the record label Real World, both to champion music and artistic innovation from all over the world. Gabriel's stop motion video for "Sledgehammer" has been named the most-played music video in the history of MTV.
Gabriel is also very interested in human rights. In 1992, he co-founded WITNESS.org, an organization that helps human rights activists and citizen witnesses worldwide make change happen through the use of video. The organization not only distributes digital cameras to empower people to document human-rights abuses, but provides a platform for the spread of video that reveals what is really going on in places all over the globe.
In 2007, Gabriel also co-founded theElders.org with Richard Branson and Nelson Mandela, an independent group of global leaders working together for peace and human rights.
Peter Gabriel | Speaker | TED.com