TEDGlobal 2011
Jae Rhim Lee: My mushroom burial suit
Jae Rhim Lee: Moje odijelo za pokop od gljiva
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Evo moćne provokacije umjetnice Jae Rhim Lee. Možemo li predati naša tijela za čišću, zeleniju Zemlju, čak i nakon smrti? Prirodno -- koristeći posebno odijelo za pokop posijano gljivama koje halapljivo gutaju zagađenje. Da, ovo je moguće najčudniji TED govor koji ćete ikada vidjeti ...
Jae Rhim Lee - Artist
Artist and TED Fellow Jae Rhim Lee re-imagines the relationships between the body and the world. Full bio
Artist and TED Fellow Jae Rhim Lee re-imagines the relationships between the body and the world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
So I'm here to explain
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Ovdje sam kako bih objasnila
00:17
why I'm wearing these ninja pajamas.
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zašto nosim ovu nindža pidžamu.
00:19
And to do that, I'd like to talk first
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A kako bih to napravila, voljela bih prvo govoriti
00:21
about environmental toxins in our bodies.
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o ekološkim toksinima u našim tijelima.
00:24
So some of you may know
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Neki od vas možda znaju
00:26
about the chemical Bisphenol A, BPA.
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za kemikaliju Bisfenol A, BPA.
00:28
It's a material hardener and synthetic estrogen
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To je očvrščivač materijala i sintetski estrogen
00:31
that's found in the lining of canned foods
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koji se nalazi u oblaganju konzervirane hrane
00:33
and some plastics.
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i nekih plastika.
00:35
So BPA mimics the body's own hormones
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BPA imitira vlastite tjelesne hormone
00:38
and causes neurological and reproductive problems.
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i uzrokuje neurološke i reproduktivne probleme.
00:41
And it's everywhere.
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I posvuda je.
00:43
A recent study found BPA
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Nedavna studija pronašla je BPA
00:45
in 93 percent of people six and older.
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u 93 posto ljudi u dobi od šest pa nadalje.
00:49
But it's just one chemical.
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Ali to je samo jedna kemikalija.
00:51
The Center for Disease Control in the U.S.
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Centar za kontrolu bolesti u SAD-u
00:54
says we have 219 toxic pollutants in our bodies,
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kaže kako imamo 219 toksičnih onečišćujućih tvari u tijelima,
00:58
and this includes preservatives, pesticides
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a to uključuje prezervative, pesticide
01:01
and heavy metals like lead and mercury.
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i teške metale poput olova i žive.
01:04
To me, this says three things.
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Meni ovo govori tri stvari.
01:06
First, don't become a cannibal.
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Prvo, nemojte postati kanibali.
01:10
Second, we are both responsible for and the victims of
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Drugo, odgovorni smo za vlastito onečišćenje
01:13
our own pollution.
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i njegove smo žrtve.
01:15
And third,
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I treće,
01:17
our bodies are filters and storehouses
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naša tijela su filteri i skladišta
01:19
for environmental toxins.
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ekoloških toksina.
01:22
So what happens to all these toxins when we die?
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Pa što se onda događa sa svim tim toksinima kad umremo?
01:25
The short answer is:
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Kratki odgovor glasi:
01:27
They return to the environment in one way or another,
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Vrate se u okoliš na ovaj ili onaj način,
01:29
continuing the cycle of toxicity.
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nastavljajuću otrovni krug.
01:31
But our current funeral practices
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Ali naša trenutačna praksa pokapanja
01:33
make the situation much worse.
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još više pogoršava situaciju.
01:35
If you're cremated,
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Ako se date kremirati,
01:37
all those toxins I mentioned are released into the atmosphere.
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svi se ti toksini koje sam spomenula oslobađaju u atmosferu.
01:40
And this includes 5,000 pounds of mercury
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A to uključuje otprilike 2.723 kilograma žive
01:43
from our dental fillings alone every year.
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samo iz naših zubnih punjenja svake godine.
01:46
And in a traditional American funeral,
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U tradicionalnom američkom pokopu,
01:49
a dead body is covered with fillers and cosmetics
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mrtvo tijelo se pokriva umetcima i kozmetikom
01:52
to make it look alive.
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da bi izgledalo živo.
01:54
It's then pumped with toxic formaldehyde
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Onda se popuni toksičnim formaldehidom
01:57
to slow decomposition --
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kako bi se usporilo raspadanje --
01:59
a practice which causes respiratory problems and cancer
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praksa koja izaziva probleme s disanjem i rak
02:02
in funeral personnel.
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kod osoblja za sprovod.
02:05
So by trying to preserve our dead bodies,
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Tako da, pokušavajući očuvati naša mrtva tijela
02:08
we deny death, poison the living
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negiramo smrt, trujemo žive
02:11
and further harm the environment.
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i nadalje štetimo okolišu.
02:13
Green or natural burials, which don't use embalming,
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Zeleni ili prirodni pokopi, koji ne koriste balzamiranje,
02:16
are a step in the right direction,
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korak su u pravom smjeru,
02:18
but they don't address the existing toxins in our bodies.
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ali oni ne utječu na već postojeće toksine u našim tijelima.
02:22
I think there's a better solution.
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Mislim da postoji bolje rješenje.
02:24
I'm an artist,
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Ja sam umjetnica,
02:26
so I'd like to offer a modest proposal
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tako da bih željela ponuditi skromno rješenje
02:28
at the intersection
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na križanju
02:30
of art, science and culture.
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umjetnosti, znanosti i kulture.
02:32
The Infinity Burial Project,
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The Infinity Burial Project,
02:34
an alternative burial system
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alternativni sistem pokopa
02:36
that uses mushrooms
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koji koristi gljive
02:38
to decompose and clean toxins in bodies.
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koje razlažu i čiste toksine u tijelima.
02:40
The Infinity Burial Project
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The Infinity Burial Project
02:42
began a few years ago with a fantasy
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počeo je s radom nekoliko godina ranije s fantazijom
02:44
to create the Infinity Mushroom --
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o stvaranju vječne gljive --
02:46
a new hybrid mushroom
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nove hibridne gljive
02:48
that would decompose bodies, clean the toxins
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koja bi razlagala tijela, čistila toksine
02:51
and deliver nutrients to plant roots,
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i dostavljala hranjive tvari korijenju biljaka,
02:53
leaving clean compost.
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ostavljajući čisti kompost.
02:55
But I learned it's nearly impossible
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Ali shvatila sam da je gotovo nemoguće
02:57
to create a new hybrid mushroom.
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stvoriti novu hibridnu gljivu.
02:59
I also learned
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Također sam naučila
03:01
that some of our tastiest mushrooms
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da neke od naših najukusnijih gljiva
03:03
can clean environmental toxins in soil.
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mogu čistiti ekološke toksine u tlu.
03:05
So I thought maybe I could train an army
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Tako sam pomislila da bih možda mogla istrenirati vojsku
03:08
of toxin-cleaning edible mushrooms
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jestivih gljiva koje čiste toksine
03:11
to eat my body.
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da pojedu moje tijelo.
03:13
So today, I'm collecting what I shed or slough off --
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Tako danas, skupljam ono što sam odbacila --
03:16
my hair, skin and nails --
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svoju kosu, kožu i nokte --
03:19
and I'm feeding these to edible mushrooms.
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i time hranim te jestive gljive.
03:22
As the mushrooms grow,
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Kako gljive rastu,
03:24
I pick the best feeders
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izaberem najbolje hranioce
03:26
to become Infinity Mushrooms.
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koji postaju vječne gljive.
03:28
It's a kind of imprinting and selective breeding process
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To je vrsta otiskivanja i selektivnog uzgojnog procesa
03:31
for the afterlife.
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za zagrobni život.
03:33
So when I die,
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Tako da, kad umrem,
03:35
the Infinity Mushrooms will recognize my body
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vječne gljive će prepoznati moje tijelo
03:37
and be able to eat it.
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i moći će ga pojesti.
03:39
All right, so for some of you,
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U redu, nekima od vas
03:41
this may be really, really out there.
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ovo se možda čini stvarno, stvarno ludo.
03:43
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
03:45
Just a little.
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Samo malo.
03:47
I realize this is not the kind of relationship
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Shvaćam da ovo nije tip odnosa
03:50
that we usually aspire to have with our food.
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koji obično težimo imati s našom hranom.
03:53
We want to eat, not be eaten by, our food.
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Želimo jesti našu hranu, a ne da ona jede nas.
03:56
But as I watch the mushrooms grow
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Ali kako gledam kako gljive rastu
03:58
and digest my body,
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i probavljaju moje tijelo,
04:00
I imagine the Infinity Mushroom
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zamišljam vječne gljive
04:02
as a symbol of a new way of thinking about death
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kao simbol novog načina razmišljanja o smrti
04:05
and the relationship between my body and the environment.
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i o odnosu mog tijela i okoliša.
04:08
See for me,
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Vidite, za mene je
04:10
cultivating the Infinity Mushroom
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kultiviranje vječnih gljiva
04:12
is more than just scientific experimentation
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više od pukog znanstvenog eksperimenta
04:14
or gardening or raising a pet,
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ili vrtlarenja ili brige o ljubimcu,
04:17
it's a step towards accepting the fact
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to je iskorak prema prihvaćanju činjenice
04:19
that someday I will die and decay.
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da ću jednog dana umrijeti i raspasti se.
04:22
It's also a step
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To je također iskorak
04:24
towards taking responsibility
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prema prihvaćanju odgovornosti
04:26
for my own burden on the planet.
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za moj vlastiti teret na planetu.
04:29
Growing a mushroom is also part of a larger practice
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Uzgoj gljive je također dio veće prakse
04:31
of cultivating decomposing organisms
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kultiviranja raspadajućih organizama
04:33
called decompiculture,
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zvanih 'dekompikultura',
04:35
a concept that was developed by an entomologist,
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pojam do kojeg je došao entomolog,
04:38
Timothy Myles.
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Timothy Myles.
04:40
The Infinity Mushroom is a subset of decompiculture
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Vječna gljiva je podskup 'dekompikulture'
04:43
I'm calling body decompiculture and toxin remediation --
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koji zovem tjelesnom 'dekompikulturom' i sanacijom toksina --
04:47
the cultivation of organisms that decompose
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uzgoj organizama koji razlažu i
04:49
and clean toxins in bodies.
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čiste toksine u tijelima.
04:52
And now about these ninja pajamas.
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A sada o ovoj nindža pidžami.
04:54
Once it's completed,
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Kad bude gotova,
04:56
I plan to integrate the Infinity Mushrooms into a number of objects.
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planiram integrirati Vječne gljive u neke objekte.
04:59
First, a burial suit
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Prvo, odijelo za pokop
05:01
infused with mushroom spores,
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u koje su unesene spore gljiva,
05:03
the Mushroom Death Suit.
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Odijelo smrti od gljiva.
05:05
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:07
I'm wearing the second prototype
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Nosim drugi prototip
05:09
of this burial suit.
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tog odijela.
05:11
It's covered with a crocheted netting
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Pokriveno je kukičanom mrežom
05:14
that is embedded with mushroom spores.
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u koju su ugrađene spore gljiva.
05:16
The dendritic pattern you see
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Dendritski uzorak koji vidite
05:18
mimics the growth of mushroom mycelia,
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oponaša rast gljivnih micelija,
05:21
which are the equivalent of plant roots.
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koji su parnjak korijenju biljaka.
05:23
I'm also making a decompiculture kit,
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Također pravim pribor za 'dekompikulturu',
05:25
a cocktail of capsules
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koktel kapsula
05:27
that contain Infinity Mushroom spores
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koje sadrže spore Vječne gljive
05:29
and other elements
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i druge elemente
05:31
that speed decomposition and toxin remediation.
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koji ubrzavaju raspad i sanaciju toksina.
05:34
These capsules are embedded in a nutrient-rich jelly,
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Te kapsule su ugrađene u žele bogat hranjivim tvarima,
05:37
a kind of second skin,
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vrstu druge kože
05:39
which dissolves quickly
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koja se raspada brzo
05:41
and becomes baby food for the growing mushrooms.
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i postaje hrana za bebe za rastuće gljive.
05:44
So I plan to finish the mushroom and decompiculture kit
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Tako planiram završiti pribor za gljive
05:47
in the next year or two,
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i 'dekompikulturu' u sljedećih godinu ili dvije
05:49
and then I'd like to begin testing them,
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i tada bih htjela početi testirati ih,
05:52
first with expired meat from the market
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prvo mesom kojemu je izašao rok trajanja iz trgovine
05:54
and then with human subjects.
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i onda ljudskim subjektima.
05:56
And believe it or not,
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I vjerovali ili ne,
05:58
a few people have offered to donate their bodies to the project
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nekoliko ljudi se ponudilo donirati njihova tijela projektu
06:01
to be eaten by mushrooms.
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da ih pojedu gljive.
06:04
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
06:07
What I've learned from talking to these folks
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Što sam ja naučila razgovarajući s ovim ljudima
06:09
is that we share a common desire
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je to da dijelimo zajedničku želju
06:11
to understand and accept death
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da razumijemo i prihvatimo smrt
06:14
and to minimize the impact of our death on the environment.
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i minimaliziramo učinak naše smrti na okoliš.
06:17
I wanted to cultivate this perspective
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Htjela sam uzgojiti ovu perspektivu
06:20
just like the mushrooms,
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jednako kao i gljive
06:22
so I formed the Decompiculture Society,
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pa sam stvorila 'dekompikulturno društvo',
06:24
a group of people called decompinauts
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grupu ljudi zvanih 'dekompinauti'
06:27
who actively explore their postmortem options,
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koji aktivno istražuju svoje opcije poslije smrti,
06:30
seek death acceptance
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traže prihvaćanje smrti
06:32
and cultivate decomposing organisms
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i uzgajaju razlagajuće organizme
06:34
like the Infinity Mushroom.
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poput Vječne gljive.
06:37
The Decompiculture Society shares a vision
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Dekompikulturno društvo dijeli viziju
06:39
of a cultural shift,
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kulturne promjene,
06:41
from our current culture of death denial and body preservation
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od naše trenutne kulture negiranja smrti i očuvanja tijela
06:44
to one of decompiculture,
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do one dekompikulturne,
06:46
a radical acceptance of death and decomposition.
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radikalno prihvaćanje smrti i raspadanja.
06:50
Accepting death means accepting
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Prihvaćanje smrti znači prihvaćanje
06:52
that we are physical beings
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da smo mi fizička bića
06:54
who are intimately connected to the environment,
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koja su prisno vezana uz okoliš,
06:56
as the research on environmental toxins confirms.
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kao što istraživanje o ekološkim toksinima pokazuje.
06:59
And the saying goes,
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A izreka kaže
07:01
we came from dust and will return to dust.
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da smo postali iz praha i da ćemo se u prah vratiti.
07:04
And once we understand that we're connected to the environment,
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A jednom kada shvatimo da smo vezani uz okoliš,
07:07
we see that the survival of our species
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vidjet ćemo da opstanak naših vrsta
07:09
depends on the survival of the planet.
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ovisi o opstanku planeta.
07:11
I believe this is the beginning
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Vjerujem da je ovo početak
07:14
of true environmental responsibility.
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stvarne ekološke odgovornosti.
07:16
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
07:18
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jae Rhim Lee - ArtistArtist and TED Fellow Jae Rhim Lee re-imagines the relationships between the body and the world.
Why you should listen
Jae Rhim Lee is a visual artist and mushroom lover. In her early work, as a grad student at MIT, she built systems that reworked basic human processes: sleeping (check out her it-just-might-work vertical bed from 2004), urinating and eating (and the relationship between the two). Now she's working on a compelling new plan for the final human process: decomposition.
Her Infinity Burial Project explores the choices we face after death, and how our choices reflect our denial or acceptance of death’s physical implications. She's been developing a new strain of fungus, the Infinity Mushroom, that feeds on and remediates the industrial toxins we store in our bodies and convert our unused bodies efficiently into nutrients. Her Infinity Burial System converts corpses into clean compost. And if this vision of life after death appeals to you, explore the resources at Lee's company, Coeio.
Jae Rhim Lee | Speaker | TED.com