TEDGlobal 2011
Jae Rhim Lee: My mushroom burial suit
Džae Rim Li: Moje pogrebno odelo od pečuraka
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Evo moćne provokacije od umetnice Džae Rim Li. Možemo li posvetiti naša tela čistijoj, zelenijoj Zemlji, čak i nakon naše smrti? Prirodno -- koristeći specijalno pogrebno odelo u koje je ušiveno seme pečuraka koje se hrane štetnim materijama. Naravno, ovo može biti jedan od najčudnijih TED govora koje ćete ikada videti...
Jae Rhim Lee - Artist
Artist and TED Fellow Jae Rhim Lee re-imagines the relationships between the body and the world. Full bio
Artist and TED Fellow Jae Rhim Lee re-imagines the relationships between the body and the world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
So I'm here to explain
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Ovde sam da objasnim
00:17
why I'm wearing these ninja pajamas.
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zašto nosim ovu nindža pidžamu.
00:19
And to do that, I'd like to talk first
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Da bih to uradila, prvo bih volela da govorim
00:21
about environmental toxins in our bodies.
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o toksinima životne sredine koji se nalaze u našim telima.
00:24
So some of you may know
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Neki od vas možda znaju
00:26
about the chemical Bisphenol A, BPA.
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za hemikaliju Bisfenol A, BPA.
00:28
It's a material hardener and synthetic estrogen
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Koristi se za stvrdnjavanje materijala i kao sintetički estrogen
00:31
that's found in the lining of canned foods
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koji možemo naći kao oblogu konzervirane hrane
00:33
and some plastics.
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i u nekim plastičnim materijalima.
00:35
So BPA mimics the body's own hormones
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Dakle, BPA imitira telesne hormone
00:38
and causes neurological and reproductive problems.
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i uzrokuje neurološke i reproduktivne probleme.
00:41
And it's everywhere.
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A nalazi se svuda.
00:43
A recent study found BPA
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Skorašnja studija je pokazala prisustvo BPA
00:45
in 93 percent of people six and older.
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u 93 odsto ljudi starih šest ili više godina.
00:49
But it's just one chemical.
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Međutim, to je samo jedna hemikalija.
00:51
The Center for Disease Control in the U.S.
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Centar za Kontrolu bolesti Sjedinjenih Država
00:54
says we have 219 toxic pollutants in our bodies,
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kaže da u našim telima imamo 219 toksičnih zagađivača,
00:58
and this includes preservatives, pesticides
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a ovde su uključeni konzervansi, pesticidi
01:01
and heavy metals like lead and mercury.
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i teški metali kao olovo i živa.
01:04
To me, this says three things.
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Po mom mišljenju, ovo nam govori tri stvari.
01:06
First, don't become a cannibal.
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Prvo, nemojte postati kanibal.
01:10
Second, we are both responsible for and the victims of
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Drugo, mi smo odgovorni, ali smo i žrtve
01:13
our own pollution.
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našeg sopstvenog zagađenja.
01:15
And third,
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I treće,
01:17
our bodies are filters and storehouses
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naša tela su filteri ali i magacini
01:19
for environmental toxins.
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toksina iz okruženja.
01:22
So what happens to all these toxins when we die?
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Pa, šta se dešava sa svim ovim toksinima kada umremo?
01:25
The short answer is:
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Kratak odgovor glasi:
01:27
They return to the environment in one way or another,
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Vraćaju se u životnu sredinu na jedan ili drugi način,
01:29
continuing the cycle of toxicity.
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nastavljajući kruženje toksina.
01:31
But our current funeral practices
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Međutim, naša sadašnja praksa sahranjivanja
01:33
make the situation much worse.
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čini situaciju još gorom.
01:35
If you're cremated,
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Ako ste kremirani,
01:37
all those toxins I mentioned are released into the atmosphere.
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svi toksini koje sam pomenula se oslobođaju u atmosferu.
01:40
And this includes 5,000 pounds of mercury
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Ovo uključuje i 2.267 kilograma žive godišnje
01:43
from our dental fillings alone every year.
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samo iz naših plombi.
01:46
And in a traditional American funeral,
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Na tradicionalnoj američkoj sahrani
01:49
a dead body is covered with fillers and cosmetics
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mrtvo telo se prekriva umecima i šminkom
01:52
to make it look alive.
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koje ga čine naizgled živim.
01:54
It's then pumped with toxic formaldehyde
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Onda je napunjeno toksičnim formaldehidom
01:57
to slow decomposition --
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da bi se raspadanje usporilo --
01:59
a practice which causes respiratory problems and cancer
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ova praksa uzrokuje respiratorne probleme i rak
02:02
in funeral personnel.
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kod pogrebnika.
02:05
So by trying to preserve our dead bodies,
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Dakle, pokušavajući da očuvamo naša mrtva tela
02:08
we deny death, poison the living
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mi poričemo smrt, trujemo žive
02:11
and further harm the environment.
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i dalje oštećujemo okruženje.
02:13
Green or natural burials, which don't use embalming,
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Zelene ili prirodne sahrane, koje ne uključuju balsamovanje,
02:16
are a step in the right direction,
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su korak u dobrom pravcu, ali one ne rešavaju
02:18
but they don't address the existing toxins in our bodies.
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problem toksina koji su već u našim telima.
02:22
I think there's a better solution.
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Ja smatram da postoji bolje rešenje.
02:24
I'm an artist,
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Ja sam umetnica,
02:26
so I'd like to offer a modest proposal
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pa bih želela da iznesem jednu skromnu ponudu
02:28
at the intersection
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na granici
02:30
of art, science and culture.
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između umetnosti, nauke i kulture.
02:32
The Infinity Burial Project,
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Projekat Pogreba Beskrajnosti
02:34
an alternative burial system
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je alternativni način sahranjivanja
02:36
that uses mushrooms
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koji koristi pečurke
02:38
to decompose and clean toxins in bodies.
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da razloži i očisti toksine u našim telima.
02:40
The Infinity Burial Project
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Projekat Pogreba Beskrajnosti
02:42
began a few years ago with a fantasy
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započet je pre nekoliko godina sa snom
02:44
to create the Infinity Mushroom --
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o stvaranju Pečurke Beskrajnosti --
02:46
a new hybrid mushroom
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novog hibrida pečurke
02:48
that would decompose bodies, clean the toxins
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koji bi razložio tela, očistio toksine
02:51
and deliver nutrients to plant roots,
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i dostavio hranljive materije korenju biljaka,
02:53
leaving clean compost.
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ostavljajući za sobom čist kompost.
02:55
But I learned it's nearly impossible
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Međutim, naučila sam da je gotovo nemoguće
02:57
to create a new hybrid mushroom.
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stvoriti novi hibrid pečurke.
02:59
I also learned
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Takođe sam naučila
03:01
that some of our tastiest mushrooms
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da neke od naših najukusnijih pečuraka
03:03
can clean environmental toxins in soil.
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mogu da očiste toksine u zemljištu.
03:05
So I thought maybe I could train an army
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Pomislila sam da mogu da naučim armiju
03:08
of toxin-cleaning edible mushrooms
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jestivih pečuraka koje uklanjaju toksine
03:11
to eat my body.
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da pojedu moje telo.
03:13
So today, I'm collecting what I shed or slough off --
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Danas, onime što odsečem ili uklonim --
03:16
my hair, skin and nails --
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mojom kosom, kožom i noktima --
03:19
and I'm feeding these to edible mushrooms.
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hranim ove jestive pečurke.
03:22
As the mushrooms grow,
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Kako pečurke rastu,
03:24
I pick the best feeders
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biram one koje su najbolje
03:26
to become Infinity Mushrooms.
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da postanu Pečurke Beskrajnosti.
03:28
It's a kind of imprinting and selective breeding process
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To je vrsta utiskivanja i selektivne reprodukcije
03:31
for the afterlife.
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za život posle smrti.
03:33
So when I die,
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Kada preminem
03:35
the Infinity Mushrooms will recognize my body
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Pečurke Beskrajnosti će prepoznati moje telo
03:37
and be able to eat it.
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i moći će da ga pojedu.
03:39
All right, so for some of you,
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Dobro, nekima od vas se može činiti
03:41
this may be really, really out there.
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da ovo ide u krajnost.
03:43
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
03:45
Just a little.
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Samo malo.
03:47
I realize this is not the kind of relationship
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Shvatam da ovo nije uobičajena vrsta veze
03:50
that we usually aspire to have with our food.
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koju žudimo da imamo sa našom hranom.
03:53
We want to eat, not be eaten by, our food.
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Želimo da jedemo našu hranu, ne da ona jede nas.
03:56
But as I watch the mushrooms grow
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Međutim, dok gledam kako pečurke rastu
03:58
and digest my body,
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i vare moje telo,
04:00
I imagine the Infinity Mushroom
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zamišljam Pečurku Beskrajnosti
04:02
as a symbol of a new way of thinking about death
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kao simbol novog načina razmišljanja o smrti
04:05
and the relationship between my body and the environment.
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i kao vezu između mog tela i životne sredine.
04:08
See for me,
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Vidite, za mene
04:10
cultivating the Infinity Mushroom
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uzgajanje Pečurke Beskonačnosti predstavlja
04:12
is more than just scientific experimentation
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više od običnog naučnog eksperimentisanja
04:14
or gardening or raising a pet,
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ili baštovanstva ili uzgajanja kućnog ljubimca,
04:17
it's a step towards accepting the fact
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to je korak ka prihvatanju činjenice
04:19
that someday I will die and decay.
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da ću jednog dana preminuti i istruliti.
04:22
It's also a step
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To je takođe korak
04:24
towards taking responsibility
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ka prihvatanju odgovornosti
04:26
for my own burden on the planet.
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za moje breme na planeti.
04:29
Growing a mushroom is also part of a larger practice
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Uzgoj pečurke je takođe deo šire prakse
04:31
of cultivating decomposing organisms
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uzgajanja razlažućih organizama,
04:33
called decompiculture,
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nazvana dekompokultura.
04:35
a concept that was developed by an entomologist,
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Taj koncept razvio je jedan entomolog,
04:38
Timothy Myles.
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Timoti Majls.
04:40
The Infinity Mushroom is a subset of decompiculture
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Pečurka Beskrajnosti je pod-disciplina dekompokulture
04:43
I'm calling body decompiculture and toxin remediation --
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koju ja nazivam dekompikulturom tela i remedijacijom toksina--
04:47
the cultivation of organisms that decompose
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uzgoj organizama koji razlažu
04:49
and clean toxins in bodies.
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i čiste toksine iz naših tela.
04:52
And now about these ninja pajamas.
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A sada o ovim nindža pidžamama.
04:54
Once it's completed,
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Jednom kada bude završena,
04:56
I plan to integrate the Infinity Mushrooms into a number of objects.
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planiram da integrišem Pečurku Baskrajnosti u brojne objekte.
04:59
First, a burial suit
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Prvo, pogrebno odelo
05:01
infused with mushroom spores,
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u koje su ubrizgane spore pečuraka,
05:03
the Mushroom Death Suit.
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Pogrebno Odelo Pečuraka.
05:05
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
05:07
I'm wearing the second prototype
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Trenutno nosim drugi prototip
05:09
of this burial suit.
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ovog pogrebnog odela.
05:11
It's covered with a crocheted netting
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Pokriven je isheklanom mrežom
05:14
that is embedded with mushroom spores.
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u koju su utkane spore pečuraka.
05:16
The dendritic pattern you see
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Dendritski šablon koji vidite
05:18
mimics the growth of mushroom mycelia,
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imitira rast micelijuma pečurke
05:21
which are the equivalent of plant roots.
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koji su ekvivalenti korenja biljaka.
05:23
I'm also making a decompiculture kit,
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Takođe radim na razvoju kompleta za dekompokulturu,
05:25
a cocktail of capsules
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koktelu kapsula
05:27
that contain Infinity Mushroom spores
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koje sadrže Pečurku Beskrajnosti
05:29
and other elements
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i druge elemente
05:31
that speed decomposition and toxin remediation.
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koji ubrzavaju raspadanje i remedijaciju toksina.
05:34
These capsules are embedded in a nutrient-rich jelly,
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Ove kapsule su uronjene u gel koji je bogat hranljivim materijama,
05:37
a kind of second skin,
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u neku vrstu zamenske kože,
05:39
which dissolves quickly
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koja se brzo rastvara
05:41
and becomes baby food for the growing mushrooms.
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i postaje kašica za rastuće pečurke.
05:44
So I plan to finish the mushroom and decompiculture kit
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Planiram da završim pečurku i komplet za dekompokulturu
05:47
in the next year or two,
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u toku naredne dve godine,
05:49
and then I'd like to begin testing them,
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a onda bih volela da počnem da ih testiram,
05:52
first with expired meat from the market
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prvo sa mesom iz prodavnice čiji je rok trajanja istekao,
05:54
and then with human subjects.
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a kasnije i sa ljudskim subjektima.
05:56
And believe it or not,
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Verovali ili ne,
05:58
a few people have offered to donate their bodies to the project
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nekoliko ljudi je već ponudilo da donira svoja tela za ovaj projekat
06:01
to be eaten by mushrooms.
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da bi ih pojele pečurke.
06:04
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
06:07
What I've learned from talking to these folks
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Ono što sam naučila pričajući sa ovim ljudima
06:09
is that we share a common desire
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jeste da svi delimo želju
06:11
to understand and accept death
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da razumemo i prihvatimo smrt
06:14
and to minimize the impact of our death on the environment.
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i umanjimo uticaj naše smrti na životno okružanje.
06:17
I wanted to cultivate this perspective
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Želela sam da uzgojim ovu perspektivu
06:20
just like the mushrooms,
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baš kao i pečurke,
06:22
so I formed the Decompiculture Society,
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tako da sam osnovala Društvo Dekompokulture,
06:24
a group of people called decompinauts
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grupu ljudi nazvanu dekomponauti
06:27
who actively explore their postmortem options,
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koji aktivno istražuju svoje posmrtne opcije,
06:30
seek death acceptance
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tragaju za prihvatanjem smrti
06:32
and cultivate decomposing organisms
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i uzgajaju razlažuće organizme
06:34
like the Infinity Mushroom.
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kao što je Pečurka Beskrajnosti.
06:37
The Decompiculture Society shares a vision
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Društvo Dekompokulture deli viziju
06:39
of a cultural shift,
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kulturološkog preokreta,
06:41
from our current culture of death denial and body preservation
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iz naše sadašnje kulture poricanje smrti i očuvanja tela
06:44
to one of decompiculture,
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u kulturu koja podržava dekompokulturu,
06:46
a radical acceptance of death and decomposition.
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korenito prihvatanje smrti i raspadanja.
06:50
Accepting death means accepting
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Prihvatanje smrti znači da prihvatamo činjenicu
06:52
that we are physical beings
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da smo fizička bića,
06:54
who are intimately connected to the environment,
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koja su na intiman način povezana sa okruženjem,
06:56
as the research on environmental toxins confirms.
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kao što i istraživanje o toksinima u životnoj sredini pokazuje.
06:59
And the saying goes,
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Kao što izreka kaže,
07:01
we came from dust and will return to dust.
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iz zemlje smo potekli i u zemlju se vraćamo.
07:04
And once we understand that we're connected to the environment,
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Jednom kada razumemo da smo povezani sa okruženjem,
07:07
we see that the survival of our species
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vidimo da opstanak naših vrsta
07:09
depends on the survival of the planet.
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zavisi od opstanka planete.
07:11
I believe this is the beginning
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Verujem da je ovo početak
07:14
of true environmental responsibility.
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iskonske odgovornosti za okruženje.
07:16
Thank you.
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Hvala.
07:18
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jae Rhim Lee - ArtistArtist and TED Fellow Jae Rhim Lee re-imagines the relationships between the body and the world.
Why you should listen
Jae Rhim Lee is a visual artist and mushroom lover. In her early work, as a grad student at MIT, she built systems that reworked basic human processes: sleeping (check out her it-just-might-work vertical bed from 2004), urinating and eating (and the relationship between the two). Now she's working on a compelling new plan for the final human process: decomposition.
Her Infinity Burial Project explores the choices we face after death, and how our choices reflect our denial or acceptance of death’s physical implications. She's been developing a new strain of fungus, the Infinity Mushroom, that feeds on and remediates the industrial toxins we store in our bodies and convert our unused bodies efficiently into nutrients. Her Infinity Burial System converts corpses into clean compost. And if this vision of life after death appeals to you, explore the resources at Lee's company, Coeio.
Jae Rhim Lee | Speaker | TED.com