TED1998
Billy Graham: On technology and faith
Bilijs Greiems par tehnoloģijām, ticību un ciešanām
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Readability: 3.6
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Uzstājotes TED 1998. gadā evaņģēlists Bilijs Greiems apbrīno, cik ļoti tehnoloģijas var uzlabot cilvēka dzīvi un izmainīt pasauli, bet apgalvo, ka ļaunuma, ciešanu un nāves gals pienāks tikai tad, ja pasaule pieņems Kristu. Leģendāra uzruna no TED arhīva.
Billy Graham - Preacher
In his long career as a religious evangelist, the Rev. Billy Graham spoken to millions around the world and served as advisor to US presidents. Full bio
In his long career as a religious evangelist, the Rev. Billy Graham spoken to millions around the world and served as advisor to US presidents. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:37
As a clergyman,
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Jūs varat iedomāties,
00:39
you can imagine how
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cik ļoti es kā mācītājs
00:41
out of place I feel.
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šeit neiederos.
00:43
I feel like a fish out of water,
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Es jūtos kā no ūdens izvilkta zivs
00:46
or maybe an owl out of the air.
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vai varbūt kā zemē nokritusi pūce.
00:49
(Laughter)
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(Smiekli)
00:52
I was preaching in San Jose some time ago,
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Pirms kāda laika es runāju Sanhosē,
00:55
and my friend Mark Kvamme,
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un mans draugs Marks Kvamme,
00:58
who helped introduce me
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kurš mani iepazīstināja
01:00
to this conference,
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ar šo konferenci,
01:03
brought several CEOs
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uzaicināja vairākus vadošus darbiniekus
01:05
and leaders
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un Silikona ielejas
01:08
of some of the companies here in the Silicon Valley
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kompāniju vadītājus
01:11
to have breakfast with me, or I with them.
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uz brokastīm kopā ar mani – vai mani ar viņiem.
01:15
And I was so stimulated.
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Tas mani uzmundrināja.
01:18
And had such -- it was an
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Es arī daudz ko uzzināju
01:20
eye-opening experience
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un mācījos,
01:24
to hear them talk about
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klausoties, kā viņi runā
01:26
the world that is yet to come
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par pasauli, kas tikai nāks
01:30
through technology
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ar tehnoloģijas
01:32
and science.
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un zinātnes palīdzību.
01:35
I know that we're near the end of this conference,
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Zinu, ka mēs tuvojamies šīs konferences noslēgumam,
01:39
and some of you may be wondering
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un jūs varbūt domājat,
01:41
why they have a speaker
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kāpēc uzaicināts cilvēks,
01:43
from the field of religion.
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kurš runā par reliģiju.
01:48
Richard can answer that,
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Par to atbildīgs ir Ričards,
01:50
because he made that decision.
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jo viņš to izdomāja.
01:52
But some years ago I was on an elevator in Philadelphia,
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Bet pirms pāris gadiem es braucu liftā Filadelfijā
01:55
coming down.
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uz pirmo stāvu.
01:57
I was to address a conference
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Man bija jārunā konferencē
01:59
at a hotel.
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viesnīcā.
02:01
And on that elevator a man said,
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Un lifta kabīnē viens cilvēks sacīja:
02:03
"I hear Billy Graham is staying in this hotel."
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„Dzirdēju, ka viesnīcā apmeties Billijs Greiems.”
02:06
And another man looked in my direction and said,
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Un otrs paskatījās uz manu pusi un teica:
02:09
"Yes, there he is. He's on this elevator with us."
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„Jā, re, kur viņš ir. Mums blakus.”
02:12
And this man looked me up and down
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Tas cilvēks mani noskatīja no galvas līdz kājām
02:14
for about 10 seconds,
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kādas 10 sekundes
02:16
and he said, "My, what an anticlimax!"
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un tad teica: „Kāda vilšanās!”
02:18
(Laughter)
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(Smiekli)
02:23
I hope
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Ceru,
02:27
that you won't feel that these few moments with me
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jūs nedomāsiet, ka dažas minūtes manā sabiedrībā
02:29
is not a -- is an anticlimax,
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ir – nē, nav, vilšanās –
02:32
after all these tremendous
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pēc visām izcilajām
02:34
talks that you've heard,
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lekcijām, ko esat dzirdējuši,
02:37
and addresses, which I intend to listen to every one of them.
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un runām, un es grasos noklausīties tās visas.
02:40
But I was
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Es sēdēju
02:43
on an airplane in the east some years ago,
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lidmašīnā pirms dažiem gadiem,
02:47
and the man sitting across the aisle from me
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un man blakus pāri ejai sēdēja
02:50
was the mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina.
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Šarlotes (Ziemeļkarolīnā) mērs.
02:52
His name was John Belk. Some of you will probably know him.
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Viņu sauc Džons Belks. Varbūt jūs viņu pazīstat.
02:56
And there was a drunk man on there,
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Tur bija viens piedzērušais,
02:58
and he got up out of his seat two or three times,
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un viņš vairākas reizes cēlās kājās
03:00
and he was making everybody upset
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un visus kaitināja
03:02
by what he was trying to do.
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ar savām aktivitātēm,
03:04
And he was slapping the stewardess
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pļaukāja stjuarti
03:06
and pinching her as she went by,
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un knieba viņai, kad viņa gāja garām,
03:09
and everybody was upset with him.
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un visi uz viņu skaitās.
03:13
And finally, John Belk said,
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Beigās Džons Belks sacīja:
03:15
"Do you know who's sitting here?"
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„Vai jūs zināt, kas tur sēž?”
03:18
And the man said, "No, who?"
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un viņš sacīja: „Nē, kas?”
03:20
He said, "It's Billy Graham,
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Viņš teica: „Billijs Greiems,
03:22
the preacher."
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evaņģēlists.”
03:24
He said, "You don't say!"
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Viņš teica: „Nevar būt!”
03:26
And he turned to me, and he said, "Put her there!"
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un viņš pagriezās pret mani un teica: „Dod roku!”
03:29
He said, "Your sermons have certainly helped me."
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Viņš sacīja: „Jūsu sprediķi man daudz palīdzējuši.”
03:32
(Laughter)
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(Smiekli)
03:40
And I suppose that that's true
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Un es domāju, ka tā domā
03:42
with thousands of people.
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tūkstošiem cilvēku.
03:44
(Laughter)
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(Smiekli)
03:51
I know that as you have been peering into the future,
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Es zinu, ka jūs esat mēģinājuši ieskatīties nākotnē,
03:55
and as we've heard some of it here tonight,
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un pēc tā, ko šovakar dzirdēju,
03:59
I would like to live in that age
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es arī gribētu dzīvot tajā laikmetā
04:02
and see what is going to be.
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un redzēt, kā tur būs.
04:05
But I won't,
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Bet tā nebūs,
04:07
because I'm 80 years old. This is my eightieth year,
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jo man ir 80 gadu, es esmu 80 gadus vecs
04:10
and I know that my time is brief.
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un zinu, ka man nav daudz laika.
04:15
I have phlebitis at the moment, in both legs,
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Man abām kājām ir iekaisušas vēnas,
04:18
and that's the reason that I had to have a little help in getting up here,
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tāpēc kādam bija jāpalīdz man uzkāpt uz skatuves,
04:21
because I have Parkinson's disease
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un piedevām man ir arī
04:22
in addition to that,
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Parkinsona slimība
04:24
and some other problems that I won't talk about.
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un citas problēmas, par kurām es te nerunāšu.
04:27
(Laughter)
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(Smiekli)
04:29
But this is not the first time
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Šī nav pirmā reize,
04:31
that we've had a technological revolution.
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kad notiek tehnoloģiju revolūcija.
04:36
We've had others.
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Ir bijušas citas.
04:38
And there's one that I want to talk about.
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Vienu es vēlos īpaši pieminēt.
04:42
In one generation,
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Vienas paaudzes laikā
04:44
the nation of the people of Israel
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Israēla tauta
04:47
had a tremendous and dramatic change
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piedzīvoja milzīgas un radikālas pārmaiņas,
04:51
that made them a great power in the Near East.
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kas viņus pārvērta par lielu spēku Tuvajos Austrumos.
04:55
A man by the name of David
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Cilvēks, vārdā Dāvids,
04:57
came to the throne,
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nāca pie varas,
04:59
and King David became one of the great leaders
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un ķēniņš Dāvids kļuva par izcilu vadoni
05:02
of his generation.
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savai paaudzei.
05:07
He was a man of tremendous leadership.
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Viņš bija spēcīgs vadītājs.
05:10
He had the favor of God with him.
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Viņam līdzi gāja Dieva labvēlība.
05:13
He was a brilliant poet,
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Viņš bija izcils dzejnieks,
05:17
philosopher, writer, soldier --
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filozofs, rakstnieks un karavīrs.
05:21
with strategies in battle and conflict
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Viņa kaujas stratēģija un taktika
05:24
that people study even today.
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joprojām tiek pētītas.
05:27
But about two centuries before David,
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Apmēram divus gadsimtus pirms Dāvida
05:31
the Hittites
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hitu tauta
05:33
had discovered the secret
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atklāja dzelzs kausēšanas
05:35
of smelting and processing of iron,
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un apstrādes noslēpumu,
05:39
and, slowly, that skill spread.
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un zināšanas lēnām izplatījās tālāk.
05:41
But they wouldn't allow the Israelis
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Bet viņi izraēliešiem neļāva
05:44
to look into it, or to have any.
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ne mācīties apstrādāt, ne iepirkt dzelzi.
05:48
But David changed all of that,
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Dāvids to visu izmainīja,
05:50
and he introduced the Iron Age
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viņš aizsāka Dzelzs laikmetu
05:52
to Israel.
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Israēla valstī.
05:54
And the Bible says that David laid up great stores of iron,
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Bībelē ir stāstīts, ka Dāvids izveidoja lielus dzelzs uzkrājumus,
05:58
and which archaeologists have found,
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un arheologi ir atraduši
06:00
that in present-day Palestine,
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mūsdienu Palestīnā
06:02
there are evidences of that generation.
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tās paaudzes liecības.
06:06
Now, instead of crude tools
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Tagad neveiklu rīku vietā,
06:09
made of sticks and stones,
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kas bija taisīti no koka un akmens,
06:12
Israel now had iron plows,
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Izraēlā parādījās dzelzs arkli
06:15
and sickles, and hoes
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sirpji un kapļi,
06:17
and military weapons.
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un kaujas ieroči.
06:20
And in the course of one generation,
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Vienas paaudzes laikā
06:23
Israel was completely changed.
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Israēla pilnīgi izmainījās.
06:26
The introduction of iron, in some ways,
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Dzelzs ieviešanai zināmā mērā
06:29
had an impact
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bija līdzīga nozīme
06:32
a little bit like the microchip
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kā mikroshēmas ietekmei
06:34
has had on our generation.
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uz mūsu paaudzi.
06:41
And
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Un
06:43
David found
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Dāvids konstatēja,
06:45
that there were many problems that technology could not solve.
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ka, lai gan tehnikas attīstība atrisina daudzas problēmas,
06:49
There were many problems still left.
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daudzas problēmas paliek.
06:54
And they're still with us, and you haven't solved them,
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Tās pastāv arī mūsdienās, mēs tās neesam atrisinājuši,
06:57
and I haven't heard anybody here speak to that.
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un es neesmu dzirdējis, ka kāds šeit par tām runātu.
07:01
How do we solve these three problems
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Kā mēs varam atrisināt tās trīs problēmas,
07:03
that I'd like to mention?
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kuras es vēlos minēt?
07:06
The first one that David saw
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Pirmā problēma, ko Dāvids redzēja,
07:08
was human evil.
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bija cilvēka ļaunums.
07:10
Where does it come from?
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Kur tas rodas?
07:13
How do we solve it?
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Kā mēs ar to tiekam galā?
07:15
Over again and again
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Vairākās vietās
07:17
in the Psalms,
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psalmos,
07:19
which Gladstone said was the greatest book in the world,
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kurus valstsvīrs Gledstons nodēvēja par izcilāko grāmatu pasaulē,
07:24
David describes the evils of the human race.
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Dāvids apraksta cilvēka ļauno dabu.
07:27
And yet he says,
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Un tomēr viņš saka:
07:29
"He restores my soul."
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„Viņš atjauno manu dvēseli.”
07:32
Have you ever thought about what a contradiction we are?
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Vai jūs kādreiz esat domājuši par to, cik pretrunīgi mēs esam?
07:35
On one hand, we can probe the deepest secrets of the universe
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No vienas puses, mēs izzinām Visuma noslēpumus
07:39
and dramatically push back the frontiers of technology,
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un dramatiski paplašinām tehnoloģiju robežas,
07:43
as this conference vividly demonstrates.
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kā to lieliski parāda šī konference.
07:48
We've seen under the sea,
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Mēs ieskatāmies jūras dzelmē,
07:50
three miles down,
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piecu kilometru dziļumā,
07:52
or galaxies hundreds of billions of years
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un aplūkojam galaktikas miljoniem gadu
07:55
out in the future.
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tālā nākotnē.
07:58
But on the other hand,
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Bet, no otras puses,
08:01
something is wrong.
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kaut kas nav kārtībā.
08:05
Our battleships,
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Mūsu karakuģi,
08:07
our soldiers,
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mūsu karavīri,
08:09
are on a frontier now,
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stāv pie robežām
08:11
almost ready to go to war
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kaujas gatavībā
08:13
with Iraq.
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karam ar Irāku.
08:15
Now, what causes this?
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Kāds ir visa tā cēlonis?
08:17
Why do we have these wars in every generation,
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Kāpēc mums katrā paaudzē ir kāds karš,
08:20
and in every part of the world?
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praktiski visās pasaules daļās?
08:23
And revolutions?
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Kur rodas revolūcijas?
08:26
We can't get along with other people,
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Mēs nesatiekam ar citiem cilvēkiem,
08:28
even in our own families.
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pat ar savām ģimenēm.
08:30
We find ourselves in the paralyzing grip
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Mēs konstatējam, ka esam nāvējošu ieradumu gūstā
08:32
of self-destructive habits we can't break.
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un nespējam no tiem atbrīvoties.
08:36
Racism and injustice and violence sweep our world,
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Pasaulē plosās rasisms, netaisnība un vardarbība,
08:39
bringing a tragic harvest of heartache and death.
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nesdamas sāpju un nāves traģisko ražu.
08:45
Even the most sophisticated among us
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Pat visgudrākie no mums
08:47
seem powerless to break this cycle.
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nespēj pretoties pasaules ļaunumam.
08:50
I would like to see Oracle
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Es gribētu redzēt, kā Oracle
08:52
take up that,
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tiktu ar to galā
08:55
or
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vai kā to atrisinātu
08:58
some other
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kādi citi
09:00
technological geniuses work on this.
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tehnoloģiju ģēniji.
09:04
How do we change man,
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Kā mēs varam izmainīt cilvēku,
09:08
so that he doesn't lie and cheat,
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lai tas nemelo un nekrāpj,
09:10
and our newspapers are not filled with stories
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lai avīzes nav pilnas ar rakstiem
09:13
of fraud in business or labor
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par krāpšanos darījumos, darbavietās
09:15
or athletics or wherever?
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sportā vai kur citur?
09:20
The Bible says the problem is within us,
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Bībelē rakstīts, ka problēma ir mūsos pašos,
09:24
within our hearts and our souls.
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mūsu sirdīs un dvēselēs.
09:27
Our problem is that we are separated
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Mūsu problēma ir tā, ka esam atšķirti
09:29
from our Creator,
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no sava Radītāja,
09:32
which we call God,
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kuru mēs saucam par Dievu,
09:34
and we need to have our souls restored,
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un mums nepieciešama dvēseles atjaunošana,
09:39
something only God can do.
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ko var paveikt tikai Dievs.
09:41
Jesus said, "For out of the heart
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Jēzus teica: „No sirds iziet
09:43
come evil thoughts:
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ļaunas domas,
09:45
murders, sexual immorality,
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slepkavība, laulības pārkāpšana, nešķīstība,
09:48
theft, false testimonies,
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zādzība, nepatiesa liecība,
09:51
slander."
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zaimi.”
09:53
The British philosopher Bertrand Russell
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Britu filozofs Bertrans Rasels
09:55
was not a religious man,
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nebija reliģiozs,
09:58
but he said, "It's in our hearts that the evil lies,
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bet viņš teica: „Ļaunums slēpjas mūsu sirdī,
10:01
and it's from our hearts
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un tieši no sirds
10:03
that it must be plucked out."
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tas būtu jāizrauj.”
10:06
Albert Einstein --
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Alberts Einšteins...
10:08
I was just talking to someone, when I was speaking at Princeton,
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Es runājos ar kādu – biju uzaicināts uz Prinstonas akadēmiju,
10:11
and I met
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un satiku
10:13
Mr. Einstein.
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Einšteina kungu.
10:15
He didn't have a doctor's degree, because he said
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Viņam nebija doktora grāda, jo viņš apgalvoja,
10:17
nobody was qualified to give him one.
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ka neviens nav tiesīgs viņam tādu piešķirt.
10:19
(Laughter)
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(Smiekli)
10:23
But he made this statement.
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Bet viņš sacīja, lūk, ko:
10:25
He said, "It's easier to denature plutonium
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„Vieglāk ir stabilizēt plutoniju
10:28
than to denature the evil spirit of man."
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nekā iznīcināt ļaunumu cilvēkā.”
10:31
And many of you, I'm sure,
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Un daudzi no jums noteikti
10:33
have thought about that
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esat par to domājuši
10:35
and puzzled over it.
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un lauzījuši galvu.
10:37
You've seen people
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Jūs esat redzējuši, kā cilvēki
10:39
take beneficial technological advances,
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ņem labus tehnoloģijas attīstības produktus,
10:42
such as the Internet we've heard about tonight,
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piemēram, internetu, par ko šovakar dzirdējām,
10:44
and twist them into something corrupting.
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un tos vienkārši samaitā.
10:48
You've seen brilliant people devise computer viruses
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Jūs redzat, kā izcili prāti izdomā datorvīrusus,
10:51
that bring down whole systems.
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kas iznīcina veselas sistēmas.
10:54
The Oklahoma City bombing was simple technology,
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Sprādzieni Oklahomas pilsētā bija briesmīgi izmantota
10:57
horribly used.
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vienkārša tehnika.
11:00
The problem is not technology.
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Problēma nav tehnoloģijās.
11:02
The problem is the person or persons using it.
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Problēma ir cilvēkos, kas tās izmanto.
11:07
King David said
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Ķēniņš Dāvids sacīja,
11:09
that he knew the depths of his own soul.
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ka pazīst savus dvēseles dziļumus.
11:12
He couldn't free himself from personal problems
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Viņš nevarēja atbrīvoties no personīgām problēmām
11:15
and personal evils
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un personīgā ļaunuma,
11:18
that included murder and adultery.
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kas ietvēra arī slepkavību un laulības pārkāpšanu.
11:21
Yet King David sought God's forgiveness,
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Tomēr ķēniņš Dāvids meklēja piedošanu pie Dieva
11:23
and said, "You can restore my soul."
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un teica: „Tu atjauno manu dvēseli.”
11:26
You see, the Bible teaches
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Redziet, Bībele māca,
11:29
that we're more than a body and a mind.
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ka mēs esam vairāk nekā ķermenis un prāts.
11:33
We are a soul.
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Mēs esam dvēsele.
11:36
And there's something inside of us
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Un mūsos katrā ir kaut kas
11:39
that is beyond our understanding.
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ārpus mūsu saprašanas.
11:42
That's the part of us that yearns
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Tā ir daļa, kas ilgojas
11:45
for God, or something more
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pēc Dieva vai pēc kā vairāk
11:48
than we find in technology.
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nekā mēs atrodam tehnoloģijās.
11:51
Your soul is that part of you that
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Dvēsele ir tā jūsu daļa, kas
11:53
yearns for meaning in life,
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alkst dzīves jēgas
11:55
and which seeks for something beyond this life.
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un kas meklē kaut ko ārpus šīs dzīves.
11:58
It's the part of you that yearns, really, for God.
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Tā ir jūsu daļa, kas patiesībā ilgojas pēc Dieva.
12:00
I find [that] young people all over the world
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Es redzu, ka jaunieši visā pasaulē
12:02
are searching for something.
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kaut ko meklē.
12:05
They don't know what it is. I speak at many universities,
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Viņi nezina, kas tas ir. Es uzstājos daudzās universitātēs,
12:08
and I have many questions and answer periods, and
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un jautājumu un atbilžu sesijās – vienalga,
12:11
whether it's Cambridge, or Harvard,
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Kembridžā, Hārvardā
12:13
or Oxford --
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vai Oksfordā –
12:15
I've spoken at all of those universities.
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esmu runājis visās minētajās universitātēs...
12:17
I'm going to Harvard in about three or four --
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Es došos uz Hārvardu pēc kādiem trīs četriem,
12:19
no, it's about two months from now --
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nē, diviem mēnešiem
12:21
to give a lecture.
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lasīt lekciju.
12:23
And I'll be asked the same questions that I was asked
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Un man uzdos tos pašus jautājumus, ko uzdeva
12:25
the last few times I've been there.
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iepriekšējās reizēs.
12:28
And it'll be on
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Un jautājumu tēmas būs
12:30
these questions:
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apmēram šādas:
12:32
where did I come from? Why am I here? Where am I going?
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„No kurienes es esmu radies? Kāpēc es šeit esmu? Kurp dodos?
12:35
What's life all about? Why am I here?
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Kāda ir dzīves jēga? Kāpēc es te esmu?”
12:39
Even if you have no religious belief,
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Pat ja tu nepiesaisties nevienai reliģijai,
12:41
there are times when you wonder that there's something else.
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ir reizes, kad tu domā, ka pastāv kas cits.
12:44
Thomas Edison also said,
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Tomass Edisons teica:
12:47
"When you see everything that happens in the world of science,
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„Kad tu redzi visu, kas notiek zinātnes pasaulē
12:50
and in the working of the universe,
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un Visuma kustībā,
12:52
you cannot deny that there's a captain on the bridge."
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nav iespējams noliegt, ka uz tiltiņa jābūt kapteinim.”
12:56
I remember once,
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Es atceros, kā
12:58
I sat beside Mrs. Gorbachev
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sēdēju blakus Gorbačova kundzei
13:00
at a White House dinner.
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Baltā nama vakariņās.
13:03
I went to Ambassador Dobrynin, whom I knew very well.
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Es devos pie vēstnieka Dobriņina, kuru labi pazinu,
13:05
And I'd been to Russia several times under the Communists,
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(komunistu laikā biju vairākas reizes apmeklējis Krieviju,
13:09
and they'd given me marvelous freedom that I didn't expect.
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un viņi man ļāva negaidīti daudz brīnišķas brīvības.)
13:15
And I knew Mr. Dobrynin very well,
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Es labi pazinu Dobriņina kungu
13:17
and I said,
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un teicu viņam:
13:19
"I'm going to sit beside Mrs. Gorbachev tonight.
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„Man šovakar jāsēž blakus Gorbačova kundzei.
13:22
What shall I talk to her about?"
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Par ko es ar viņu varu sarunāties?”
13:24
And he surprised me with the answer.
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Un viņa atbilde mani pārsteidza.
13:26
He said, "Talk to her about religion and philosophy.
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Viņš teica: „Runā par reliģiju un filozofiju,
13:29
That's what she's really interested in."
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jo viņai tas ļoti interesē.”
13:32
I was a little bit surprised, but that evening
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Es biju pārsteigts, bet vakarā
13:35
that's what we talked about,
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mēs par to arī runājām,
13:37
and it was a stimulating conversation.
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un saruna bija ļoti dzīva.
13:39
And afterward, she said,
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Un beigās viņa teica:
13:41
"You know, I'm an atheist,
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„Jūs zināt, ka esmu ateiste,
13:43
but I know that there's something up there
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bet es zinu, ka tur augšā, pāri mums,
13:45
higher than we are."
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pastāv kaut kas lielāks.”
13:48
The second problem
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Otrā problēma,
13:50
that King David realized he could not solve
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ko ķēniņš Dāvids apzinājās kā neatrisināmu,
13:54
was the problem of human suffering.
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bija cilvēka ciešanu problēma.
13:56
Writing the oldest book in the world was Job,
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Viņa pasaulē vecākā grāmata bija Ījaba grāmata,
13:59
and he said,
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kurā rakstīts:
14:01
"Man is born unto trouble as the sparks fly upward."
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„Cilvēks pats rada ciešanas, un kā dzirkstis tās uzlido jo augstu.”
14:05
Yes, to be sure, science has done much to push back
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Jā, zinātne neapšaubāmi ir daudz darījusi, lai novērstu
14:08
certain types of human suffering.
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dažādas cilvēku ciešanas.
14:11
But I'm --
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Bet es...
14:13
in a few months, I'll be 80 years of age.
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Pēc pāris mēnešiem man būs 80.
14:16
I admit that I'm very grateful
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Es tiešām esmu ļoti pateicīgs
14:18
for all the medical advances
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par visiem medicīnas sasniegumiem,
14:20
that have kept me in relatively good health
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kas mani uzturējuši pie relatīvi labas veselības
14:22
all these years.
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visu gadu garumā.
14:24
My doctors at the Mayo Clinic urged me
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Ārsti Majo klīnikā man ieteica
14:26
not to take this trip out here to this -- to be here.
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nebraukt tik tālu, nebraukt uz šejieni.
14:30
I haven't given a talk in nearly four months.
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Es nebiju uzstājies jau četrus mēnešus.
14:35
And when you speak as much as I do,
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Un, kad cilvēks runā tik daudz kā es –
14:37
three or four times a day,
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trīs četras reizes dienā,
14:39
you get rusty.
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tā var ierūsēt.
14:41
That's the reason I'm using this podium
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Tāpēc es izmantoju pulti
14:43
and using these notes.
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un šīs piezīmes.
14:46
Every time you ever hear me on the television or somewhere,
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Kad jūs mani dzirdat televīzijā vai kur citur,
14:49
I'm ad-libbing.
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es runāju no galvas.
14:51
I'm not reading. I never read an address.
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Es nelasu. Es nekad nelasu uzrunas.
14:55
I never read a speech or a talk or a lecture.
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Es nekad nelasu runu vai lekciju.
14:59
I talk ad lib.
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Es runāju no galvas.
15:01
But tonight, I've
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Bet šovakar man te ir
15:03
got some notes here so that if
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piezīmes, lai, ja nu
15:05
I begin to forget,
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es sāktu aizmirst,
15:07
which I do sometimes,
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ko es reizēm daru,
15:10
I've got something I can turn to.
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man būtu, pie kā atgriezties.
15:13
But even here among us,
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Bet arī šeit starp mums,
15:17
most --
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vis...
15:21
in the most advanced society in the world,
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visprogresīvākajā pasaules sabiedrībā,
15:24
we have poverty.
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pastāv nabadzība.
15:26
We have families that self-destruct,
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Mums ir ģimenes, kas sevi iznīcina,
15:29
friends that betray us.
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draugi, kas mūs nodod.
15:31
Unbearable psychological pressures bear down on us.
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Mūs nomāc neizturama psiholoģiska spriedze.
15:34
I've never met a person in the world
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Es neesmu saticis pasaulē tādu cilvēku,
15:36
that didn't have a problem
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kuram nebūtu problēmu
15:38
or a worry.
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vai raižu.
15:40
Why do we suffer? It's an age-old question
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Kāpēc mēs ciešam? Jautājums ir mūžīgs,
15:43
that we haven't answered.
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un uz to nav atrasta atbilde.
15:45
Yet David again and again said
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un uz to nav atrasta atbilde.
15:49
that he would turn to God.
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ka viņš vērsīsies pie Dieva.
15:52
He said, "The Lord is my shepherd."
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Viņš saka: „Tas Kungs ir mans gans.”
15:56
The final problem that David knew he could not solve
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Pēdējā problēma, ko Dāvids apzinājās kā nerisināmu,
16:00
was death.
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bija nāve.
16:03
Many commentators have said that death
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Daudzi ir teikuši, ka nāve
16:05
is the forbidden subject of our generation.
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ir mūsu paaudzes aizliegtais temats.
16:08
Most people live as if
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Vairums cilvēku dzīvo tā,
16:11
they're never going to die.
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it kā viņiem nekad nebūtu jāmirst.
16:13
Technology projects the myth
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Tehnoloģijas pastiprina mītu
16:16
of control over our mortality.
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par to, ka miršanu iespējams kontrolēt.
16:20
We see people on our screens.
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Mēs uz ekrāniem redzam cilvēkus.
16:22
Marilyn Monroe is just as beautiful on the screen
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Merilina Monro uz ekrāna ir tikpat skaista
16:24
as she was in person,
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kā dzīvē,
16:26
and our -- many young people think she's still alive.
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un daudzi jaunieši domā, ka viņa joprojām ir dzīva.
16:30
They don't know that she's dead.
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Viņi nezina, ka viņa ir mirusi
16:32
Or Clark Gable, or whoever it is.
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(vai Klārks Geibls, vai kāds cits).
16:34
The old stars, they come to life.
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Vecās zvaigznes. Viņi atdzīvojas.
16:38
And they're --
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Un viņi ir...
16:41
they're just as great on that screen as they were in person.
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uz ekrāna viņi ir tikpat izcili kā toreiz, kad bija dzīvi.
16:46
But death is inevitable.
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Bet nāve ir nenovēršama.
16:48
I spoke some time ago to
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Es uzrunāju ASV Kongresu
16:51
a joint session of Congress, last year.
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pagājušajā gadā.
16:55
And we were meeting in that room,
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Un mēs tikāmies tajā telpā,
16:58
the statue room.
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Statuju zālē,
17:00
About 300 of them were there.
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tur bija ap 300 cilvēku.
17:03
And I said, "There's one thing that we have in common in this room,
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Un es teicu: „Viena lieta mums visiem ir kopīga,
17:07
all of us together, whether Republican or Democrat,
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visiem – gan republikāņiem, gan demokrātiem,
17:10
or whoever."
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gan pārējiem.”
17:12
I said, "We're all going to die.
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Es teicu: „Mēs visi mirsim.”
17:14
And we have that in common with all these great men of the past
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Un tas mums ir kopīgs ar visiem tiem izcilajiem pagātnes cilvēkiem,
17:17
that are staring down at us."
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kas uz mums noskatās.
17:21
And it's often difficult for young people
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Un jauniem cilvēkiem bieži ir grūti
17:23
to understand that.
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to saprast.
17:26
It's difficult for them to understand that they're going to die.
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Viņiem ir grūti saprast, ka viņi mirs.
17:30
As the ancient writer of Ecclesiastes wrote,
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Kā rakstīja senais Zālamans Mācītājs,
17:34
he said, there's every activity under heaven.
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zem saules notiek visādi darbi.
17:38
There's a time to be born,
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Laiks dzīvot,
17:41
and there's a time to die.
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un laiks mirt.
17:43
I've stood at the deathbed
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Esmu bijis pie vairāku
17:46
of several famous people,
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slavenību nāves gultas;
17:48
whom you would know.
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jūs viņus droši vien pazīstat.
17:50
I've talked to them.
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Esmu runājis ar viņiem.
17:52
I've seen them in those agonizing moments
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Esmu redzējis tos mokošos brīžus,
17:54
when they were scared to death.
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kad viņi baidījās līdz nāvei.
17:57
And yet, a few years earlier,
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Un tomēr – vēl pirms dažiem gadiem
18:01
death never crossed their mind.
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nāve viņiem nenāca pat prātā.
18:03
I talked to a woman this past week
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Pagājušajā nedēļā es runāju ar kādu sievieti,
18:07
whose father
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kuras tēvs
18:10
was a famous doctor.
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bija ievērojams ārsts.
18:13
She said he never thought of God, never talked about God,
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Viņa teica, ka viņš neesot ne domājis par Dievu, ne runājis par Viņu,
18:16
didn't believe in God. He was an atheist.
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viņš neticēja Dievam. Viņš bija ateists.
18:21
But she said,
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Bet tad viņa teica:
18:23
as he came to die,
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kad viņš jau bija tuvu nāvei,
18:25
he sat up on the side of the bed one day,
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vienu dienu viņš piecēlies gultā sēdus
18:29
and he asked the nurse if he could see the chaplain.
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un lūdzis māsiņai, lai ataicina kapelānu.
18:32
And he said, for the first time in his life
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Un viņš teicis, ka pirmo reizi mūžā
18:34
he'd thought about the inevitable,
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ir domājis par nenovēršamo
18:39
and about God.
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un par Dievu.
18:41
Was there a God?
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Vai Dievs vispār pastāv?
18:45
A few years ago, a university student asked me,
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Pirms pāris gadiem kāds students man pajautāja:
18:49
"What is the greatest surprise in your life?"
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„Kāds ir lielākais pārsteigums visā dzīvē?”
18:52
And I said, "The greatest surprise in my life
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Un es teicu, ka lielākais manas dzīves pārsteigums
18:54
is the brevity of life.
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ir dzīves īsums.
18:57
It passes so fast."
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Tā paiet tik ātri.
19:02
But it does not need to have to be that way.
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Bet tam tā nav jābūt.
19:04
Wernher von Braun,
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Verners fon Brauns
19:07
in the aftermath of World War II concluded, quote:
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īsi pēc II Pasaules kara secināja (citēju):
19:10
"science and religion are not antagonists.
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„Zinātne un reliģija nav pretmeti.
19:13
On the contrary, they're sisters."
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Gluži pretēji – tās ir māsas.”
19:17
He put it on a personal basis.
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Viņš to izskaidroja ar personīgu piemēru.
19:19
I knew Dr. von Braun very well.
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Es labi pazinu Dr. fon Braunu.
19:22
And he said, "Speaking for myself,
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Un viņš sacīja: „Manuprāt,
19:24
I can only say that the grandeur of the cosmos
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visa Visuma godība
19:27
serves only to confirm
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kalpo tikai tam, lai apliecinātu,
19:29
a belief in the certainty of a creator."
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ticību radītāja pastāvēšanai.”
19:32
He also said,
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Vēl viņš teica:
19:34
"In our search to know God,
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„Savos Dieva meklējumos
19:36
I've come to believe that the life of Jesus Christ
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esmu nonācis pie secinājuma, ka Jēzus Kristus dzīvei
19:40
should be the focus of our efforts and inspiration.
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būtu jāatrodas mūsu pūļu un iedvesmas centrā.
19:44
The reality of this life and His resurrection
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Viņa dzīves un augšāmcelšanās realitāte
19:46
is the hope of mankind."
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ir cilvēces cerība.”
19:49
I've done a lot of speaking in Germany
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Esmu daudz runājis Vācijā
19:51
and in France, and in different parts of the world --
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un Francijā, un citās pasaules malās;
19:54
105 countries it's been my privilege to speak in.
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man ir bijis tas gods runāt 105 valstīs.
19:59
And I was invited one day to visit
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Un vienu dienu mani uzaicināja apciemot
20:03
Chancellor Adenauer,
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kancleru Adenaueru,
20:05
who was looked upon as sort of the founder of modern Germany,
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kuru uzskata par modernās Vācijas pamatlicēju
20:10
since the war.
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pēc kara.
20:12
And he once -- and he said to me,
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Un tad viņš... tad viņš man teica:
20:14
he said, "Young man." He said,
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„Jaunais cilvēk,” viņš teica,
20:16
"Do you believe in the resurrection of Jesus Christ?"
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„vai jūs ticat, ka Jēzus Kristus ir augšāmcēlies?”
20:20
And I said, "Sir, I do."
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Un es atbildēju: „Jā, ser, es ticu.”
20:22
He said, "So do I."
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Viņš teica: „Es arī.”
20:24
He said, "When I leave office,
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Viņš teica: „Kad es vairs nebūšu kanclers,
20:26
I'm going to spend my time writing a book
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veltīšu atlikušo laiku tam, lai sarakstītu grāmatu
20:29
on why Jesus Christ rose again,
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par to, kāpēc Jēzus Kristus augšāmcēlās
20:32
and why it's so important to believe that."
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un kāpēc ir tik svarīgi tam ticēt.”
20:38
In one of his plays,
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Vienā savā lugā
20:40
Alexander Solzhenitsyn
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Aleksandrs Solžeņicins
20:43
depicts a man dying,
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attēlo mirstošu cilvēku,
20:45
who says to those gathered around his bed,
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kurš palicējiem saka:
20:48
"The moment when it's terrible to feel regret
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„Visbriesmīgāk ir just nožēlu, kad esi
20:50
is when one is dying."
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uz nāves gultas.”
20:53
How should one live in order not to feel regret when one is dying?
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Tad kā mums būtu jādzīvo, lai, guļot uz nāves gultas, nejustu nožēlu?
20:58
Blaise Pascal
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Blēzs Paskāls
21:00
asked exactly that question
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tādu pašu jautājumu uzdeva
21:02
in seventeenth-century France.
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17. gs. Francijā.
21:04
Pascal has been called the architect
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Paskālu uzskata par modernās civilizācijas
21:06
of modern civilization.
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pamatlicēju.
21:09
He was a brilliant scientist
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Viņš bija izcils zinātnieks,
21:11
at the frontiers of mathematics,
436
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spožs matemātiķis
21:13
even as a teenager.
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jau pusaudža gados.
21:16
He is viewed by many as the founder of the probability theory,
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Daudzi viņu uzskata par varbūtību teorijas aizsācēju
21:20
and a creator of the first model of a computer.
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un pirmā datora modeļa izgudrotāju.
21:24
And of course, you are all familiar with
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Jūs, protams, visi esat pazīstami ar viņa vārdā nosaukto
21:26
the computer language named for him.
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programmēšanas valodu.
21:29
Pascal explored in depth our human dilemmas
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Paskāls pamatīgi izpētīja cilvēku dilemmas:
21:31
of evil, suffering and death.
443
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ļaunumu, ciešanas un nāvi.
21:35
He was astounded
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Viņu šokēja
21:38
at the phenomenon we've been considering:
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tas pats fenomens, par ko mēs te domājam:
21:41
that people can achieve extraordinary heights
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ka cilvēki var sasniegt milzīgus augstumus
21:43
in science, the arts and human enterprise,
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zinātnē, mākslā, drosmīgā rīcībā,
21:46
yet they also are full of anger, hypocrisy
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tomēr tie ir arī pilni ar dusmām, liekulību,
21:49
and have -- and self-hatreds.
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un vēl – un ienīst paši sevi.
21:53
Pascal saw us as a remarkable mixture
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Paskāls mūs redzēja kā interesantu sajaukumu
21:55
of genius and self-delusion.
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starp ģenialitāti un pašapmānu.
21:58
On November 23,
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23. novembrī
22:00
1654,
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1654. gadā
22:03
Pascal had a profound religious experience.
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Paskāls piedzīvoja dziļu reliģisku pieredzi.
22:07
He wrote in his journal these words:
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Viņš dienasgrāmatā ierakstīja šādus vārdus:
22:10
"I submit myself,
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„Es atdodu sevi,
22:12
absolutely,
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sevi visu,
22:15
to Jesus Christ, my redeemer."
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Jēzum Kristum, manam Pestītājam.”
22:18
A French historian said,
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Kāds franču vēsturnieks rakstīja
22:20
two centuries later,
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divus gadsimtus vēlāk:
22:23
"Seldom has so mighty an intellect
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„Tik varens intelekts reti
22:26
submitted with such humility
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ir padevies ar tādu pazemību
22:29
to the authority of Jesus Christ."
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Jēzus Kristus varai.”
22:33
Pascal came to believe not only the love and the grace of God
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Paskāls secināja ne vien to, ka tikai Dieva mīlestība un žēlastība
22:36
could bring us back into harmony,
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var atjaunot mūsos saskaņu,
22:41
but he believed
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bet arī ticēja,
22:43
that his own sins and failures could be forgiven,
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ka viņa paša grēki un neveiksmes var tikt piedoti
22:46
and that when he died he would go to a place called heaven.
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un ka pēc nāves viņš dosies uz vietu, ko sauc par debesīm.
22:51
He experienced it in a way that went beyond
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Viņš to piedzīvoja tādā veidā, kas pārsniedz
22:53
scientific observation and reason.
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zinātnisku novērojumu un prāta robežas.
22:55
It was he who penned the well-known words,
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Viņš pierakstīja plaši pazīstamos vārdus:
22:58
"The heart has its reasons,
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„Sirdij ir domas,
23:01
which reason knows not of."
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par kurām prāts nedomā.”
23:04
Equally well known is Pascal's Wager.
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Tikpat labi pazīstamas ir Paskāla derības.
23:07
Essentially, he said this: "if you bet on God,
475
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Būtībā viņš teica tā: „Ja tu liec savu naudu uz to, ka Dievs ir,
23:11
and open yourself to his love,
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un atveries Viņa mīlestībai,
23:13
you lose nothing, even if you're wrong.
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tu neko nezaudē, arī ja kļūdies.
23:16
But if instead you bet that there is no God,
478
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Bet ja tu liec savu naudu uz to, ka Dieva nav,
23:20
then you can lose it all, in this life and the life to come."
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tu vari pazaudēt visu gan šai dzīvē, gan nākamajā.”
23:25
For Pascal, scientific knowledge
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Paskāls domāja, ka zinātnes atziņas
23:27
paled beside the knowledge of God.
481
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nobāl līdzās Dieva atziņai.
23:31
The knowledge of God was far beyond
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Dieva atziņa bija pārāka par visu,
23:33
anything that ever crossed his mind.
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kas viņam jebkad bija ienācis prātā.
23:36
He was ready to face him
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Viņš bija gatavsViņu satikt,
23:38
when he died at the age of 39.
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kad nomira 39 gadu vecumā.
23:41
King David lived to be 70,
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Ķēniņš Dāvids nodzīvoja līdz 70 gadiem –
23:43
a long time in his era.
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tas viņa laikiem bija ilgi.
23:46
Yet he too had to face death,
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Tomēr arī viņam pienāca miršanas brīdis,
23:49
and he wrote these words:
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un viņam pieder šie vārdi:
23:51
"even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death,
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„Kaut arī es staigāju nāves ēnas ielejā,
23:55
I will fear no evil,
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es ļaunuma nebīstos,
23:57
for you are with me."
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jo Tu esi ar mani.”
23:59
This was David's answer to three dilemmas
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Tādas bija Dāvida atbildes uz trim dilemmām:
24:02
of evil, suffering and death.
494
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ļaunumu, ciešanām un nāvi.
24:05
It can be yours, as well,
495
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Tās var būt arī jūsējās,
24:09
as you seek the living God
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ja jūs meklējat dzīvo Dievu
24:11
and allow him to fill your life
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un ļaujat Viņam piepildīt savu dzīvi
24:13
and give you hope for the future.
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un dot jums cerību nākotnei.
24:18
When I was 17 years of age,
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Kad man bija 17 gadu
24:22
I was born and reared on a farm in North Carolina.
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(esmu dzimis un audzis Ziemeļkarolīnas laukos),
24:26
I milked cows every morning, and I had to milk the same cows every evening
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es katru rītu slaucu govis, un tās pašas govis man bija jāslauc arī vakaros,
24:28
when I came home from school.
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kad pārnācu no skolas,
24:30
And there were 20 of them that I had --
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un govju bija veselas 20.
24:32
that I was responsible for,
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Es par tām biju atbildīgs,
24:35
and I worked on the farm
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strādāju fermā
24:38
and tried to keep up with my studies.
506
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un mēģināju tikt galā ar mācībām.
24:41
I didn't make good grades in high school.
507
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Manas atzīmes vidusskolā nebija labas.
24:44
I didn't make them in college, until
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Arī koledžā tās nebija labas, līdz
24:47
something happened in my heart.
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kaut kas nenotika manā sirdī.
24:49
One day, I was faced face-to-face
510
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Vienu dienu es nonācu vaigu vaigā
24:53
with Christ.
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ar Kristu.
24:55
He said, "I am the way, the truth and the life."
512
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Viņš teica: „Es esmu ceļš, patiesība un dzīvība.”
24:59
Can you imagine that? "I am the truth.
513
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Vai varat iedomāties? „Es esmu patiesība.
25:02
I'm the embodiment of all truth."
514
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Es esmu visas patiesības iemiesojums.”
25:05
He was a liar.
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Viņš bija vai nu melis,
25:09
Or he was insane.
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vai trakais,
25:12
Or he was what he claimed to be.
517
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vai arī tas, ko par sevi apgalvoja.
25:14
Which was he?
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Kurš no tiem?
25:16
I had to make that decision.
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Man tas bija jāizlemj.
25:18
I couldn't prove it.
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Es to nevarēju pierādīt.
25:20
I couldn't take it to a laboratory
521
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Es to nevarēju aiznest uz laboratoriju
25:22
and experiment with it.
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un veikt eksperimentus.
25:24
But by faith I said, I believe him,
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Bet ticībā es teicu – es Viņam ticu,
25:28
and he came into my heart
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un Viņš ienāca manā sirdī
25:31
and changed my life.
525
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un izmainīja visu dzīvi.
25:33
And now I'm ready,
526
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Un tagad esmu gatavs,
25:36
when I hear that call,
527
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kad dzirdēšu aicinājumu,
25:38
to go into the presence of God.
528
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ieiet Dieva klātbūtnē.
25:41
Thank you, and God bless all of you.
529
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Paldies, un lai Dievs jūs visus svētī.
25:43
(Applause)
530
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(Aplausi)
25:54
Thank you for the privilege. It was great.
531
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Paldies par izdevību. Tas bija lieliski.
25:56
Richard Wurman: You did it.
532
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Richard Wurman: Malacis.
25:58
Thanks.
533
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Paldies [neskaidrs].
26:00
(Applause)
534
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(Aplausi)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Billy Graham - PreacherIn his long career as a religious evangelist, the Rev. Billy Graham spoken to millions around the world and served as advisor to US presidents.
Why you should listen
According to his official bio, evangelist Billy Graham took the Bible literally where it says in Mark 16:15, "Go ye into all the world and preach the Gospel to every creature." It's possible that Graham preached the Gospel to more people in live audiences than anyone else in history -- nearly 215 million people in more than 185 countries and territories, with hundreds of millions more through television, video, film and webcasts.
Graham wrote some 25 books, and his counsel was sought by many US presidents. He was the first major evangelist to speak behind the Iron Curtain, calling for peace in countries throughout Eastern Europe and in the Soviet Union -- while during the Apartheid era he refused to visit South Africa until its government allowed for desegregated audiences. Through the praise and criticism of a public life that has nearly spanned a century, he held fast to his conviction that faith in Jesus is the only path to salvation.
Billy Graham | Speaker | TED.com