TED1998
Billy Graham: On technology and faith
葛培理谈科技、信仰和苦难
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此次演讲发表于1998 年的 TED 大会，在演讲中葛理翰牧师对科技进步给人们生活和整个世界所带来的改变感到惊叹，但同时他又指出只有全世界都接受基督，才能从邪恶、苦难、死亡的困扰中解脱出来。此次演讲是 TED 的一项珍藏。
Billy Graham - Preacher
In his long career as a religious evangelist, the Rev. Billy Graham spoken to millions around the world and served as advisor to US presidents. Full bio
In his long career as a religious evangelist, the Rev. Billy Graham spoken to millions around the world and served as advisor to US presidents. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:37
As a clergyman,
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作为一个神职人员，
00:39
you can imagine how
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你们可以想象我在这样一个场合演讲
00:41
out of place I feel.
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感觉多么格格不入。
00:43
I feel like a fish out of water,
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这种感觉就像鱼儿离开了水，
00:46
or maybe an owl out of the air.
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就像鸟儿离开了天空。
00:49
(Laughter)
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（笑）
00:52
I was preaching in San Jose some time ago,
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前段时间我在圣荷西（美国加州旧金山湾区的一个城市）传道，
00:55
and my friend Mark Kvamme,
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我的朋友马克·凯瓦米
00:58
who helped introduce me
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引荐我
01:00
to this conference,
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来到 TED 的，
01:03
brought several CEOs
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他介绍我认识了几名 CEO
01:05
and leaders
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以及企业高层
01:08
of some of the companies here in the Silicon Valley
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他们都在硅谷这儿工作
01:11
to have breakfast with me, or I with them.
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来和我一起共用早餐，或者是我和他们一同共用早餐。
01:15
And I was so stimulated.
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他们对我触动很大。
01:18
And had such -- it was an
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真的是--
01:20
eye-opening experience
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让我大开眼界
01:24
to hear them talk about
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听他们谈论
01:26
the world that is yet to come
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未来的世界
01:30
through technology
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将如何因技术
01:32
and science.
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和科学而改变
01:35
I know that we're near the end of this conference,
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我知道这次论坛快接近尾声了，
01:39
and some of you may be wondering
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在座各位中也许有人会感到奇怪
01:41
why they have a speaker
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为什么大会组织者会邀请
01:43
from the field of religion.
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一位宗教界人士来此演讲。
01:48
Richard can answer that,
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对此，理查德（主持人） 会来解答
01:50
because he made that decision.
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因为是他做的这个决定。
01:52
But some years ago I was on an elevator in Philadelphia,
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记得几年前有一次我在费城，
01:55
coming down.
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当时正坐电梯下楼
01:57
I was to address a conference
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要去参加一个会议
01:59
at a hotel.
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会场是一个饭店。
02:01
And on that elevator a man said,
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当时在电梯里有个人说
02:03
"I hear Billy Graham is staying in this hotel."
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“听说葛理翰下榻于这个宾馆。”
02:06
And another man looked in my direction and said,
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接着，电梯里另外一个人朝我看了看，然后说
02:09
"Yes, there he is. He's on this elevator with us."
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“是啊，他就在这里。就在这个电梯里。”
02:12
And this man looked me up and down
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这时先说话的那个人对着我上下打量了
02:14
for about 10 seconds,
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足足有十秒钟
02:16
and he said, "My, what an anticlimax!"
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然后他说：“天哪，真是扫兴啊！”
02:18
(Laughter)
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（笑）
02:23
I hope
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我希望---
02:27
that you won't feel that these few moments with me
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今天在座各位和我共处的这一刻
02:29
is not a -- is an anticlimax,
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不会觉得扫兴
02:32
after all these tremendous
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前面的
02:34
talks that you've heard,
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演讲都很精彩
02:37
and addresses, which I intend to listen to every one of them.
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我想每一个都听完
02:40
But I was
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我想起
02:43
on an airplane in the east some years ago,
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几年前我在东部乘飞机的一次经历
02:47
and the man sitting across the aisle from me
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当时隔着走道坐在我隔壁的
02:50
was the mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina.
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是北卡罗来纳州夏洛特市的市长
02:52
His name was John Belk. Some of you will probably know him.
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他叫约翰·柏克。在座也许有人知道他。
02:56
And there was a drunk man on there,
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当时，飞机上还有个喝醉酒的，
02:58
and he got up out of his seat two or three times,
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三番两次起身，
03:00
and he was making everybody upset
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搅得其它人不得安宁
03:02
by what he was trying to do.
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他甚至还
03:04
And he was slapping the stewardess
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对空姐动粗
03:06
and pinching her as she went by,
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向她揩油
03:09
and everybody was upset with him.
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他的举动让其它人都受不了
03:13
And finally, John Belk said,
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最后，约翰·柏克开口说道
03:15
"Do you know who's sitting here?"
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“你知道坐在这里的人是谁吗？”
03:18
And the man said, "No, who?"
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那个人说，”不知道，是谁？“
03:20
He said, "It's Billy Graham,
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约翰说，“是葛培理，
03:22
the preacher."
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那个布道家。”
03:24
He said, "You don't say!"
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那个喝醉酒的说，“真没想到！”
03:26
And he turned to me, and he said, "Put her there!"
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然后他转向我，说到，“把她安排到这儿！”
03:29
He said, "Your sermons have certainly helped me."
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接着，他对我说道，“ 您的布道还真是让我受益匪浅。”
03:32
(Laughter)
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（笑）
03:40
And I suppose that that's true
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我想他说的是真的
03:42
with thousands of people.
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许多听我讲道的人也同样得到了帮助
03:44
(Laughter)
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（笑）
03:51
I know that as you have been peering into the future,
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我知道你们都是着眼未来的人，
03:55
and as we've heard some of it here tonight,
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今晚从你们的演讲中，我听到了你们对未来的一些设想
03:59
I would like to live in that age
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我真想生活在那样的未来，
04:02
and see what is going to be.
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亲眼看看未来会发展成什么样。
04:05
But I won't,
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但我无法完成这个愿望了，
04:07
because I'm 80 years old. This is my eightieth year,
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因为今年我已经 80 岁了，
04:10
and I know that my time is brief.
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我知道我剩下的时间不多了。
04:15
I have phlebitis at the moment, in both legs,
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我双腿都得了静脉炎，
04:18
and that's the reason that I had to have a little help in getting up here,
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所以刚才我上台时需要人扶着，
04:21
because I have Parkinson's disease
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我还有帕金森氏综合症，
04:22
in addition to that,
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在静脉炎之外
04:24
and some other problems that I won't talk about.
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此外， 还有些其它问题，我就不提了。
04:27
(Laughter)
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（笑）
04:29
But this is not the first time
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这并不是人类第一次 经历技术革命。
04:31
that we've had a technological revolution.
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经历技术革命。
04:36
We've had others.
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以前也曾有过。
04:38
And there's one that I want to talk about.
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我想谈谈其中的一次。
04:42
In one generation,
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曾经有一个世代，
04:44
the nation of the people of Israel
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以色列国的人民
04:47
had a tremendous and dramatic change
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经历了一场巨大的变革，
04:51
that made them a great power in the Near East.
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那场变革使以色列成为了近东地区的强国。
04:55
A man by the name of David
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一个叫大卫的人
04:57
came to the throne,
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登上了王位，
04:59
and King David became one of the great leaders
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大卫王成为了一个伟大的领袖，
05:02
of his generation.
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领导他的那个世代。
05:07
He was a man of tremendous leadership.
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他有出色的领导力。
05:10
He had the favor of God with him.
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上帝的恩惠与他同在。
05:13
He was a brilliant poet,
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他是位杰出的诗人、
05:17
philosopher, writer, soldier --
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哲学家、作家、勇士，
05:21
with strategies in battle and conflict
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在战斗中善用谋略，
05:24
that people study even today.
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连今天的人都在学习这些谋略。
05:27
But about two centuries before David,
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虽然在大卫王朝的两百年前，
05:31
the Hittites
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赫梯人
05:33
had discovered the secret
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就发明了
05:35
of smelting and processing of iron,
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铁器制造术，
05:39
and, slowly, that skill spread.
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并且逐渐流传开。
05:41
But they wouldn't allow the Israelis
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但他们不许以色列人
05:44
to look into it, or to have any.
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学习这种技术。
05:48
But David changed all of that,
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然而戴维王改变了这一僵面，
05:50
and he introduced the Iron Age
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他领导以色列进入
05:52
to Israel.
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铁器时代。
05:54
And the Bible says that David laid up great stores of iron,
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《圣经》上记载大卫王储备了许多铁，
05:58
and which archaeologists have found,
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而且考古学家也发现了
06:00
that in present-day Palestine,
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在今天的巴勒斯坦，
06:02
there are evidences of that generation.
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还有那个世代的遗迹。
06:06
Now, instead of crude tools
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现在，那些用木棍和石头造的
06:09
made of sticks and stones,
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原始工具已被取代，
06:12
Israel now had iron plows,
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以色列有了铁犁、
06:15
and sickles, and hoes
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镰刀和锄头，
06:17
and military weapons.
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还有武器。
06:20
And in the course of one generation,
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在大卫王的那一个世代，
06:23
Israel was completely changed.
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以色列彻底地改变了。
06:26
The introduction of iron, in some ways,
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可以说，制铁术的引入
06:29
had an impact
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所带来的影响，
06:32
a little bit like the microchip
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有点像微芯片
06:34
has had on our generation.
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对我们这个世代的影响。
06:41
And
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不过
06:43
David found
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大卫王也意识到
06:45
that there were many problems that technology could not solve.
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还有很多问题是技术所不能解决的。
06:49
There were many problems still left.
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许多问题仍然存在。
06:54
And they're still with us, and you haven't solved them,
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这些问题现在依然存在，悬而未决
06:57
and I haven't heard anybody here speak to that.
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而且我也没听到在座各位提到这些问题。
07:01
How do we solve these three problems
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那么如何解决以下三个问题呢？
07:03
that I'd like to mention?
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这就是今天我想讲的。
07:06
The first one that David saw
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大卫王发现的第一个问题
07:08
was human evil.
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就是人性本恶。
07:10
Where does it come from?
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这种邪恶来自哪儿呢？
07:13
How do we solve it?
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我们怎么解决呢？
07:15
Over again and again
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一遍又一遍 在
07:17
in the Psalms,
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在《旧约诗篇》中，
07:19
which Gladstone said was the greatest book in the world,
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在这本 格莱斯顿(英国政治家，四次担任英国首相) 称为全世界最伟大的著作中，
07:24
David describes the evils of the human race.
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大卫王多次描述了人类的邪恶。
07:27
And yet he says,
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然而他写道，
07:29
"He restores my soul."
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“上帝挽救了我的灵魂”
07:32
Have you ever thought about what a contradiction we are?
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在座各位是否思考过人类有多么的自相矛盾？
07:35
On one hand, we can probe the deepest secrets of the universe
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一方面，人类有能力探索宇宙深处的秘密，
07:39
and dramatically push back the frontiers of technology,
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有能力让技术不断革新，
07:43
as this conference vividly demonstrates.
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例如这次会议所展示的这些技术革新。
07:48
We've seen under the sea,
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人类能够探索到海面下
07:50
three miles down,
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深达三英里的海底世界，
07:52
or galaxies hundreds of billions of years
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甚至数千亿光年外的其它宇宙星系
07:55
out in the future.
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在不久的将来也能探索。
07:58
But on the other hand,
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而另一方面，
08:01
something is wrong.
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有些事情很不对劲。
08:05
Our battleships,
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我们国家的战舰
08:07
our soldiers,
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和军队
08:09
are on a frontier now,
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现在正在前线，
08:11
almost ready to go to war
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在临战状态，
08:13
with Iraq.
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准备和伊拉克开战。
08:15
Now, what causes this?
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是什么原因导致了这场战争？
08:17
Why do we have these wars in every generation,
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为什么每个时代都会发生战争，
08:20
and in every part of the world?
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为什么世界上每个地方都发生过战争？
08:23
And revolutions?
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发生过武装革命？
08:26
We can't get along with other people,
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我们不能和别人和平共处，
08:28
even in our own families.
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甚至在自己家里也做不到。
08:30
We find ourselves in the paralyzing grip
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我们发现自己受到辖制，
08:32
of self-destructive habits we can't break.
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陷入自我毁灭的惯性，
08:36
Racism and injustice and violence sweep our world,
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种族主义、不公义、暴力无处不在，
08:39
bringing a tragic harvest of heartache and death.
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其结果就是导致痛苦和死亡。
08:45
Even the most sophisticated among us
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即使是在座各位当中最博学的人
08:47
seem powerless to break this cycle.
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似乎也无法打破这个循环。
08:50
I would like to see Oracle
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我希望能有像甲骨文 (Oracle)
08:52
take up that,
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能够承担起这个责任，来想办法打破这个循环。
08:55
or
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也希望
08:58
some other
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其他一些
09:00
technological geniuses work on this.
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科技天才能够致力于此。
09:04
How do we change man,
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我们怎样才能改变人类
09:08
so that he doesn't lie and cheat,
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使他们不撒谎、欺骗，
09:10
and our newspapers are not filled with stories
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不再在报上看到那么多
09:13
of fraud in business or labor
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有关商业欺诈和劳动力欺诈的报导，
09:15
or athletics or wherever?
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或者运动员造假的报导？
09:20
The Bible says the problem is within us,
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《圣经》上说，问题根源在我们自身，
09:24
within our hearts and our souls.
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在我们的内心和灵魂里面。
09:27
Our problem is that we are separated
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我们的问题来自于
09:29
from our Creator,
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我们和造物主分离了，
09:32
which we call God,
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造物主就是我们所说的上帝，
09:34
and we need to have our souls restored,
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所以我们的灵魂需要复苏，
09:39
something only God can do.
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只有上帝能帮助我们。
09:41
Jesus said, "For out of the heart
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耶稣说，因为从人心里，
09:43
come evil thoughts:
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发出恶念、
09:45
murders, sexual immorality,
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凶杀、奸淫、
09:48
theft, false testimonies,
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偷盗、诡诈、
09:51
slander."
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诽谤。
09:53
The British philosopher Bertrand Russell
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英国哲学家罗素
09:55
was not a religious man,
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没有宗教信仰，
09:58
but he said, "It's in our hearts that the evil lies,
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但他说：“邪恶存在于我们的内心，
10:01
and it's from our hearts
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所以要从我们的内心，
10:03
that it must be plucked out."
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将邪恶拔除。”
10:06
Albert Einstein --
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爱因斯坦-- 有一次我在普林斯顿大学演讲，
10:08
I was just talking to someone, when I was speaking at Princeton,
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有一次我在普林斯顿大学演讲，
10:11
and I met
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遇到了
10:13
Mr. Einstein.
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爱因斯坦先生
10:15
He didn't have a doctor's degree, because he said
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他没有博士学位，因为他觉得
10:17
nobody was qualified to give him one.
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没人有资格授予他博士学位。
10:19
(Laughter)
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（笑）
10:23
But he made this statement.
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爱因斯坦说过，
10:25
He said, "It's easier to denature plutonium
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“改变钸元素的性质
10:28
than to denature the evil spirit of man."
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比改变人性的邪恶本质要容易。”
10:31
And many of you, I'm sure,
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我相信你们当中许多人
10:33
have thought about that
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都思考过这个问题
10:35
and puzzled over it.
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并感到困惑。
10:37
You've seen people
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总是有那么一些人
10:39
take beneficial technological advances,
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利用先进技术，
10:42
such as the Internet we've heard about tonight,
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比如今晚我们在这里谈到的互联网，
10:44
and twist them into something corrupting.
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去做些道德沦丧的事。
10:48
You've seen brilliant people devise computer viruses
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有些高智商的人设计出计算机病毒，
10:51
that bring down whole systems.
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这类病毒能让计算机系统全部瘫痪。
10:54
The Oklahoma City bombing was simple technology,
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俄克拉何马城爆炸案的凶手把简单的技术
10:57
horribly used.
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用于恐怖主义行径。
11:00
The problem is not technology.
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导致这些问题的原因不是技术本身。
11:02
The problem is the person or persons using it.
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而是使用技术的那些人。
11:07
King David said
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大卫王说，
11:09
that he knew the depths of his own soul.
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他知道自己灵魂深处藏着些什么。
11:12
He couldn't free himself from personal problems
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他无法摆脱自己的问题
11:15
and personal evils
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和他个人的恶行，
11:18
that included murder and adultery.
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包括凶杀和奸淫。
11:21
Yet King David sought God's forgiveness,
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然而，大卫王寻求上帝的饶恕，
11:23
and said, "You can restore my soul."
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并说，“上帝可以救赎我的灵魂。”
11:26
You see, the Bible teaches
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《圣经》教导，
11:29
that we're more than a body and a mind.
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我们不只有身体和心智，
11:33
We are a soul.
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我们还有灵魂。
11:36
And there's something inside of us
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在我们的里面有些东西，
11:39
that is beyond our understanding.
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是我们无法理解的。
11:42
That's the part of us that yearns
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这个部份的我们渴望
11:45
for God, or something more
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寻求上帝，或是其它
11:48
than we find in technology.
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科技无法提供的力量。
11:51
Your soul is that part of you that
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人的灵魂是人的一部分，
11:53
yearns for meaning in life,
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我们用灵魂寻求人生的意义，
11:55
and which seeks for something beyond this life.
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并寻求着某种超越今生的力量。
11:58
It's the part of you that yearns, really, for God.
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这正是对上帝的渴求。
12:00
I find [that] young people all over the world
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我发现全世界的年轻人
12:02
are searching for something.
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都在寻找着什么。
12:05
They don't know what it is. I speak at many universities,
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但他们也不知道自己在找什么。我在许多大学做过演讲，
12:08
and I have many questions and answer periods, and
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演讲中有个环节是回答学生的提问，
12:11
whether it's Cambridge, or Harvard,
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剑桥、哈佛、
12:13
or Oxford --
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牛津--
12:15
I've spoken at all of those universities.
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这些学校我都去做过演讲。
12:17
I'm going to Harvard in about three or four --
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大概再过三个月我在哈佛还有次演讲--
12:19
no, it's about two months from now --
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应该是大约两个月之后
12:21
to give a lecture.
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做一个演讲
12:23
And I'll be asked the same questions that I was asked
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学生们还会问我相同的问题，
12:25
the last few times I've been there.
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这些问题以前也问过。
12:28
And it'll be on
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这些问题不外乎
12:30
these questions:
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就是：
12:32
where did I come from? Why am I here? Where am I going?
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人来自哪儿？为什么来？将来去向哪儿？
12:35
What's life all about? Why am I here?
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生命的意义是什么？人活着为了什么？
12:39
Even if you have no religious belief,
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即使你没有宗教信仰，
12:41
there are times when you wonder that there's something else.
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你有时也会猜测这世上是否有其它力量。
12:44
Thomas Edison also said,
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爱迪生也说过，
12:47
"When you see everything that happens in the world of science,
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“当你明白了科学世界里的所有现象，
12:50
and in the working of the universe,
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明白了宇宙的运行，
12:52
you cannot deny that there's a captain on the bridge."
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你就不能否认有位舰长在主导一切。”
12:56
I remember once,
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我记得有一次，
12:58
I sat beside Mrs. Gorbachev
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我坐在戈尔巴乔夫夫人的旁边，
13:00
at a White House dinner.
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那是在一次白宫的晚宴上。
13:03
I went to Ambassador Dobrynin, whom I knew very well.
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我请教当时苏联驻美大使多布日林--我和他很熟，
13:05
And I'd been to Russia several times under the Communists,
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我还去过前苏联几次，
13:09
and they'd given me marvelous freedom that I didn't expect.
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当时的那些共产党人士给我的自由度让我很意外。
13:15
And I knew Mr. Dobrynin very well,
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我和 多布日林先生很熟，
13:17
and I said,
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所以我对他说，
13:19
"I'm going to sit beside Mrs. Gorbachev tonight.
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“今晚我会坐在戈尔巴乔夫夫人旁边。
13:22
What shall I talk to her about?"
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我该和她谈些什么话题呢？”
13:24
And he surprised me with the answer.
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他的回答让我惊讶。
13:26
He said, "Talk to her about religion and philosophy.
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他对我说：“和她谈谈宗教和哲学。
13:29
That's what she's really interested in."
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这是她真正感兴趣的话题。”
13:32
I was a little bit surprised, but that evening
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我听了有点儿惊讶，不过那天晚上
13:35
that's what we talked about,
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我们还真谈论了这个话题，
13:37
and it was a stimulating conversation.
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那是一次令人印象深刻的谈话，
13:39
And afterward, she said,
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谈话结束后戈尔巴乔夫夫人对我说，
13:41
"You know, I'm an atheist,
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“我是个无神论者，
13:43
but I know that there's something up there
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但我相信这世上存在着某种力量，
13:45
higher than we are."
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高过我们的存在。”
13:48
The second problem
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第二个
13:50
that King David realized he could not solve
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让大卫王束手无策的问题，
13:54
was the problem of human suffering.
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就是人世间的苦难。
13:56
Writing the oldest book in the world was Job,
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约伯 -- 最古老书卷的作者，
13:59
and he said,
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曾说过，
14:01
"Man is born unto trouble as the sparks fly upward."
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“人生在世必遇患难，如同火星飞腾。”
14:05
Yes, to be sure, science has done much to push back
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当然，科学技术已经减少了
14:08
certain types of human suffering.
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人类遭受的痛苦。
14:11
But I'm --
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以我为例--
14:13
in a few months, I'll be 80 years of age.
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再过几个月我就80岁了。
14:16
I admit that I'm very grateful
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我的确很感谢
14:18
for all the medical advances
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先进的医学
14:20
that have kept me in relatively good health
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让我的身体状况还算健康，
14:22
all these years.
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这么多年都还好。
14:24
My doctors at the Mayo Clinic urged me
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我的医生建议我
14:26
not to take this trip out here to this -- to be here.
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不要折腾到这么远的地方--来参加这个论坛。
14:30
I haven't given a talk in nearly four months.
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我已经有差不多四个月没出去演讲了。
14:35
And when you speak as much as I do,
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如果你们也像我有那么多演讲要做，
14:37
three or four times a day,
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一天要做三四个演讲，
14:39
you get rusty.
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你们也会累病的。
14:41
That's the reason I'm using this podium
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所以我站在这儿讲话要借助这个讲台
14:43
and using these notes.
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和这些提示。
14:46
Every time you ever hear me on the television or somewhere,
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每次你们在电视让或其它场合听我讲话，
14:49
I'm ad-libbing.
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都是即席演讲。
14:51
I'm not reading. I never read an address.
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我现在没读稿子，我也从来不照着稿子读。
14:55
I never read a speech or a talk or a lecture.
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无论是多长时间的讲话
14:59
I talk ad lib.
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我都即席而做。
15:01
But tonight, I've
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但是今晚我
15:03
got some notes here so that if
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准备了一些提示是因为
15:05
I begin to forget,
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我有了忘词儿的现象，
15:07
which I do sometimes,
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现在有时会出现这状况，
15:10
I've got something I can turn to.
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所以准备了一些提示。
15:13
But even here among us,
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即使在我们国家，
15:17
most --
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最--
15:21
in the most advanced society in the world,
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这个世界上最先进的社会，
15:24
we have poverty.
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仍然有穷人，
15:26
We have families that self-destruct,
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仍然有破碎的家庭，
15:29
friends that betray us.
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仍然有朋友间的背叛。
15:31
Unbearable psychological pressures bear down on us.
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无法忍受的心理压力让我们不堪重负。
15:34
I've never met a person in the world
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我从没遇到一个人是
15:36
that didn't have a problem
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完全没有任何心理问题，
15:38
or a worry.
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或任何忧虑的。
15:40
Why do we suffer? It's an age-old question
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我们为什么遭受痛苦？这是一个古老的问题，
15:43
that we haven't answered.
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可是我们还没找到答案。
15:45
Yet David again and again said
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然而大卫王一再的说到
15:49
that he would turn to God.
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他要向上帝求助。
15:52
He said, "The Lord is my shepherd."
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他说，“耶和华是我的牧者。”
15:56
The final problem that David knew he could not solve
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最后一个困扰戴维王的问题
16:00
was death.
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是死亡。
16:03
Many commentators have said that death
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许多评论家指出 "死亡"
16:05
is the forbidden subject of our generation.
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在我们这个世代成了禁忌的话题。
16:08
Most people live as if
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很多人活得好像
16:11
they're never going to die.
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他们永远不会死。
16:13
Technology projects the myth
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科技让人以为
16:16
of control over our mortality.
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我们能控制死亡。
16:20
We see people on our screens.
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我们在屏幕上看到
16:22
Marilyn Monroe is just as beautiful on the screen
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玛丽莲梦露还是那么美，
16:24
as she was in person,
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和她活着时一样美，
16:26
and our -- many young people think she's still alive.
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还有许多年轻人以为她还活着。
16:30
They don't know that she's dead.
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他们不知道她已经死了。
16:32
Or Clark Gable, or whoever it is.
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这样的例子还有像克拉克盖博，等等。
16:34
The old stars, they come to life.
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那些已故的明星还活在屏幕上。
16:38
And they're --
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而且他们
16:41
they're just as great on that screen as they were in person.
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在屏幕上和本人看起来一样光鲜。
16:46
But death is inevitable.
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但死亡是不可避免的。
16:48
I spoke some time ago to
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不久前我参加了
16:51
a joint session of Congress, last year.
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一次国会会议，就在去年。
16:55
And we were meeting in that room,
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会议的地点
16:58
the statue room.
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是雕塑大厅--
17:00
About 300 of them were there.
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大约有300人参加了会议。
17:03
And I said, "There's one thing that we have in common in this room,
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我对他们说，“这里所有的人都有一个共同点，
17:07
all of us together, whether Republican or Democrat,
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不论是共和党议员还是民主党议员，
17:10
or whoever."
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不论是谁， 有一天都会死。”
17:12
I said, "We're all going to die.
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所有人都免不了一死，
17:14
And we have that in common with all these great men of the past
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正如那些已经故去的伟人，
17:17
that are staring down at us."
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他们正在墙上看着我们。
17:21
And it's often difficult for young people
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这对于年轻人来说
17:23
to understand that.
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很难理解。
17:26
It's difficult for them to understand that they're going to die.
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他们很难理解有一天他们也会死亡。
17:30
As the ancient writer of Ecclesiastes wrote,
360
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在古老的《传道书》中，
17:34
he said, there's every activity under heaven.
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作者写道， 天下万务都有定时。
17:38
There's a time to be born,
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生有时，
17:41
and there's a time to die.
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死有时。
17:43
I've stood at the deathbed
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我为一些人做过临终祷告，
17:46
of several famous people,
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其中许多名人，
17:48
whom you would know.
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你们可能都知道。
17:50
I've talked to them.
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在他们临终前，在他们临终前，我和他们做了最后的对话。
17:52
I've seen them in those agonizing moments
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我看到他们很痛苦的状态，
17:54
when they were scared to death.
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在那一刻他们都很惧怕死亡的到来。
17:57
And yet, a few years earlier,
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然而，就在死亡到来的几年之前，
18:01
death never crossed their mind.
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他们却根本没想到过死亡这件事。
18:03
I talked to a woman this past week
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几天前我和一位女士进行过一次谈话，
18:07
whose father
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她的父亲
18:10
was a famous doctor.
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是位知名的医生。
18:13
She said he never thought of God, never talked about God,
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她说她父亲从没想到过上帝，从不谈论上帝，
18:16
didn't believe in God. He was an atheist.
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3000
不相信上帝的存在。因为他是个无神论者。
18:21
But she said,
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但是， 在他临终前， 有一天他在床上坐起来， 问护士是否能让他见见牧师。 他说他有生以来第一次 想到了这不可避免的结局， 想到了上帝。
18:23
as he came to die,
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在他临终前，
18:25
he sat up on the side of the bed one day,
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有一天他在床上坐起来，
18:29
and he asked the nurse if he could see the chaplain.
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问护士是否能让他见见牧师。
18:32
And he said, for the first time in his life
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他说他有生以来第一次
18:34
he'd thought about the inevitable,
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想到了这不可避免的结局，
18:39
and about God.
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想到了上帝。
18:41
Was there a God?
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上帝存在吗？
18:45
A few years ago, a university student asked me,
385
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3000
几年前，有个大学生问我，
18:49
"What is the greatest surprise in your life?"
386
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3000
“你这一生中最让你感到惊奇的是什么？”
18:52
And I said, "The greatest surprise in my life
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我回答说，最让我惊奇的
18:54
is the brevity of life.
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是生命的短暂。
18:57
It passes so fast."
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生命的逝去太快了。
19:02
But it does not need to have to be that way.
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但人生不一定要这样过。
19:04
Wernher von Braun,
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沃纳·冯·布劳恩(德裔美籍火箭科学家)
19:07
in the aftermath of World War II concluded, quote:
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在总结二次大战的后果时曾说：
19:10
"science and religion are not antagonists.
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"「科学和宗教不是对立的。
19:13
On the contrary, they're sisters."
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相反，二者是互相依靠的，像姐妹一样。"
19:17
He put it on a personal basis.
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他以自己为例。
19:19
I knew Dr. von Braun very well.
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我和冯·布劳恩博士很熟。
19:22
And he said, "Speaking for myself,
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他这样说过，"我个人认为，
19:24
I can only say that the grandeur of the cosmos
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宇宙的伟大之处在于 她证明了
19:27
serves only to confirm
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她证明了
19:29
a belief in the certainty of a creator."
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造物主的确存在。"
19:32
He also said,
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他还说过，
19:34
"In our search to know God,
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"在我们寻求认识上帝的过程中，
19:36
I've come to believe that the life of Jesus Christ
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我相信耶稣基督的生命，
19:40
should be the focus of our efforts and inspiration.
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必须成为我们努力和获得启发的焦点所在。
19:44
The reality of this life and His resurrection
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耶稣基督的生命和他复活的事实，
19:46
is the hope of mankind."
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是人类的希望。"
19:49
I've done a lot of speaking in Germany
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我做过很多演讲，在德国，
19:51
and in France, and in different parts of the world --
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在法国，在很多国家--
19:54
105 countries it's been my privilege to speak in.
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我有荣幸在105个国家做过演讲。
19:59
And I was invited one day to visit
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有一次我应邀去拜访
20:03
Chancellor Adenauer,
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德国前总理阿登纳,
20:05
who was looked upon as sort of the founder of modern Germany,
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他被视为当代德国的创建者，
20:10
since the war.
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重建战后的德国。
20:12
And he once -- and he said to me,
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他对我说，
20:14
he said, "Young man." He said,
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“年轻人，
20:16
"Do you believe in the resurrection of Jesus Christ?"
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你相信耶稣基督的复活吗？”
20:20
And I said, "Sir, I do."
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我回答他，“我相信，先生。”
20:22
He said, "So do I."
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他说，“我也相信。”
20:24
He said, "When I leave office,
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他又说，“等我卸任后，
20:26
I'm going to spend my time writing a book
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我要写本书，
20:29
on why Jesus Christ rose again,
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解释耶稣基督为什么复活，
20:32
and why it's so important to believe that."
422
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以及为什么相信基督复活如此重要。”
20:38
In one of his plays,
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在他的一部剧作中
20:40
Alexander Solzhenitsyn
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俄国作家索忍尼辛
20:43
depicts a man dying,
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描写了一个将死之人，
20:45
who says to those gathered around his bed,
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死前对守在他床边的人说，
20:48
"The moment when it's terrible to feel regret
427
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“何时感到后悔才可怕呢--
20:50
is when one is dying."
428
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就是将死之时。”
20:53
How should one live in order not to feel regret when one is dying?
429
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人要怎样活才能不在临终时感到后悔呢？
20:58
Blaise Pascal
430
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帕斯卡 (法国数学家、物理学家、哲学家）
21:00
asked exactly that question
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曾问过这个问题，
21:02
in seventeenth-century France.
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那是在17世纪的法国。
21:04
Pascal has been called the architect
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帕斯卡被喻为
21:06
of modern civilization.
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现代文明的建筑师。
21:09
He was a brilliant scientist
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他是个卓越的科学家，
21:11
at the frontiers of mathematics,
436
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在数学方面很有成就，
21:13
even as a teenager.
437
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在青少年时期就已经展露头角。
21:16
He is viewed by many as the founder of the probability theory,
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他被很多人视为“概率论”的奠基人，
21:20
and a creator of the first model of a computer.
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他也是第一台计算机模型的发明者。
21:24
And of course, you are all familiar with
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你们一定都很熟悉
21:26
the computer language named for him.
441
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以他的名字命名的计算机语言。
21:29
Pascal explored in depth our human dilemmas
442
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帕斯卡深刻思考了人类的困扰 --
21:31
of evil, suffering and death.
443
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邪恶，痛苦，死亡。
21:35
He was astounded
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他震惊地发现
21:38
at the phenomenon we've been considering:
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一个现象，一个我们仍在思考的问题： 人类能在科学、艺术、 社会发展等方面，取得辉煌的成就， 但人类也满怀愤怒、虚伪、 以及自我怨恨。
21:41
that people can achieve extraordinary heights
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人类能在科学、艺术、 社会发展等方面，取得辉煌的成就， 但人类也满怀愤怒、虚伪、 以及自我怨恨。
21:43
in science, the arts and human enterprise,
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取得辉煌的成就， 但人类也满怀愤怒、虚伪、 以及自我怨恨。
21:46
yet they also are full of anger, hypocrisy
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但人类也满怀愤怒、虚伪
21:49
and have -- and self-hatreds.
449
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以及自我怨恨。
21:53
Pascal saw us as a remarkable mixture
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帕斯卡把人类称为奇怪的混合体
21:55
of genius and self-delusion.
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-- 天赋和自我欺骗并存的混合体。
21:58
On November 23,
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在1654 年
22:00
1654,
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11月23日，
22:03
Pascal had a profound religious experience.
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帕斯卡经历了一次深刻的宗教体验。
22:07
He wrote in his journal these words:
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他在日记中这样写道：
22:10
"I submit myself,
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“我把自己
22:12
absolutely,
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全然地
22:15
to Jesus Christ, my redeemer."
458
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交托给我的救赎者耶稣基督。”
22:18
A French historian said,
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一位法国历史学家，
22:20
two centuries later,
460
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在两百年之后说，
22:23
"Seldom has so mighty an intellect
461
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“很少能有如此伟大的知识分子，
22:26
submitted with such humility
462
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如此谦卑地顺服于
22:29
to the authority of Jesus Christ."
463
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耶稣基督的权柄之下。”
22:33
Pascal came to believe not only the love and the grace of God
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帕斯卡不仅相信上帝的爱和恩典
22:36
could bring us back into harmony,
465
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能让我们重归和谐，
22:41
but he believed
466
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而且他也相信
22:43
that his own sins and failures could be forgiven,
467
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他的罪过和错误能被上帝宽恕，
22:46
and that when he died he would go to a place called heaven.
468
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并且在他死后能够进入天堂。
22:51
He experienced it in a way that went beyond
469
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他所体验到的超越了
22:53
scientific observation and reason.
470
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科学研究的范畴。
22:55
It was he who penned the well-known words,
471
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帕斯卡有句名言，
22:58
"The heart has its reasons,
472
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“人心的奥秘
23:01
which reason knows not of."
473
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是无法用科学解释的。”
23:04
Equally well known is Pascal's Wager.
474
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同样有名的还有帕斯卡的那篇文章《打赌》。
23:07
Essentially, he said this: "if you bet on God,
475
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大概是这样说的：“如果你赌上帝存在，
23:11
and open yourself to his love,
476
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并向仁爱的上帝敞开你的内心，
23:13
you lose nothing, even if you're wrong.
477
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即使你赌输了你也不会失去什么。
23:16
But if instead you bet that there is no God,
478
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但是如果你赌上帝不存在，
23:20
then you can lose it all, in this life and the life to come."
479
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那么如果你输了，你的今生和来生就都没有好结果了。”
23:25
For Pascal, scientific knowledge
480
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对帕斯卡而言，科学知识的价值远不及
23:27
paled beside the knowledge of God.
481
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对上帝的认识。
23:31
The knowledge of God was far beyond
482
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对他来说，对上帝的认识
23:33
anything that ever crossed his mind.
483
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胜过任何他曾经思索过的事物。
23:36
He was ready to face him
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他做好准备去面见上帝
23:38
when he died at the age of 39.
485
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在他39岁去世的时候。
23:41
King David lived to be 70,
486
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大卫王一直活到70岁--
23:43
a long time in his era.
487
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在他那个时代已经算长寿了。
23:46
Yet he too had to face death,
488
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但他也得面对死亡，
23:49
and he wrote these words:
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他这样写道：
23:51
"even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death,
490
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“我虽然行过死荫的幽谷，
23:55
I will fear no evil,
491
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也不怕遭害，
23:57
for you are with me."
492
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因为你与我同在。”
23:59
This was David's answer to three dilemmas
493
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这就是戴维王对这三个问题的答案，
24:02
of evil, suffering and death.
494
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那三个问题就是：邪恶、痛苦和死亡。
24:05
It can be yours, as well,
495
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你也能悟到这个答案，
24:09
as you seek the living God
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只要你去寻求永生的上帝，
24:11
and allow him to fill your life
497
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让上帝充满你的生命，
24:13
and give you hope for the future.
498
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并给你对未来的盼望。
24:18
When I was 17 years of age,
499
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我17岁的时候，
24:22
I was born and reared on a farm in North Carolina.
500
1450000
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住在家里，北卡罗来纳州的一个农场。
24:26
I milked cows every morning, and I had to milk the same cows every evening
501
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每天早上我都要去挤牛奶，晚上也要挤牛奶，
24:28
when I came home from school.
502
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在我放学回家后，
24:30
And there were 20 of them that I had --
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一共有20头牛由我
24:32
that I was responsible for,
504
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负责照管，
24:35
and I worked on the farm
505
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我一边在农场工作，
24:38
and tried to keep up with my studies.
506
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一边还要努力跟上学业。
24:41
I didn't make good grades in high school.
507
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高中时我学习成绩不好。
24:44
I didn't make them in college, until
508
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我上大学时成绩也不好，直到
24:47
something happened in my heart.
509
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我的内心有了某种改变。
24:49
One day, I was faced face-to-face
510
1477000
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有一天，我面对面见到了
24:53
with Christ.
511
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基督
24:55
He said, "I am the way, the truth and the life."
512
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他说，“我是道路、真理、生命。”
24:59
Can you imagine that? "I am the truth.
513
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你能相信他所说的吗？“我是真理所在。
25:02
I'm the embodiment of all truth."
514
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是一切真理的化身。”
25:05
He was a liar.
515
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他也许他在骗人。
25:09
Or he was insane.
516
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他也许他疯了。
25:12
Or he was what he claimed to be.
517
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他也许真是他自称的那个人。
25:14
Which was he?
518
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他到底是哪一个呢？
25:16
I had to make that decision.
519
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我必须做个选择。
25:18
I couldn't prove it.
520
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我证明不了他所说的。
25:20
I couldn't take it to a laboratory
521
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我无法将他所说的话拿到实验室
25:22
and experiment with it.
522
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用实验去证明。
25:24
But by faith I said, I believe him,
523
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但凭着信心，我相信他所说的，
25:28
and he came into my heart
524
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因此他进入了我的心灵
25:31
and changed my life.
525
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并且改变了我的人生。
25:33
And now I'm ready,
526
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现在我已做好准备，
25:36
when I hear that call,
527
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等我听到上帝的召唤，
25:38
to go into the presence of God.
528
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就可以去他那里了。
25:41
Thank you, and God bless all of you.
529
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谢谢各位，愿上帝赐福大家。
25:43
(Applause)
530
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（鼓掌）
25:54
Thank you for the privilege. It was great.
531
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谢谢你让我有这个荣幸，这太棒了。
25:56
Richard Wurman: You did it.
532
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主持人：“这是你应得的。”
25:58
Thanks.
533
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谢谢。
26:00
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Billy Graham - PreacherIn his long career as a religious evangelist, the Rev. Billy Graham spoken to millions around the world and served as advisor to US presidents.
Why you should listen
According to his official bio, evangelist Billy Graham took the Bible literally where it says in Mark 16:15, "Go ye into all the world and preach the Gospel to every creature." It's possible that Graham preached the Gospel to more people in live audiences than anyone else in history -- nearly 215 million people in more than 185 countries and territories, with hundreds of millions more through television, video, film and webcasts.
Graham wrote some 25 books, and his counsel was sought by many US presidents. He was the first major evangelist to speak behind the Iron Curtain, calling for peace in countries throughout Eastern Europe and in the Soviet Union -- while during the Apartheid era he refused to visit South Africa until its government allowed for desegregated audiences. Through the praise and criticism of a public life that has nearly spanned a century, he held fast to his conviction that faith in Jesus is the only path to salvation.
Billy Graham | Speaker | TED.com