TEDxAustin
Todd Humphreys: How to fool a GPS
Tod Hamfriz (Todd Humphreys): Kako prevariti GPS
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Tod Hamfriz predviđa blisku budućnost geolociranja u kojoj će milimetarski precizne GPS "tačke" omogućiti da pronađete precizne lokacije, pretražujete stvari koje posedujete... ili pratite ljude bez njihovog znanja. Odgovor na negativnu stranu ove tehnologije možda i sam ima nepredviđene posledice. (Snimljeno na TEDxAustin.)
Todd Humphreys - Assistant Professor
Todd Humphreys studies GPS, its future, and how we can address some of its biggest security problems. Full bio
Todd Humphreys studies GPS, its future, and how we can address some of its biggest security problems. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:17
Something happened in the early morning hours
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Dogodilo se nešto u rano jutro
00:20
of May 2nd, 2000, that had a profound effect
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2. maja 2000.
što je imalo snažne posledice
što je imalo snažne posledice
00:23
on the way our society operates.
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na funkcionisanje našeg društva.
00:26
Ironically, hardly anyone noticed at the time.
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Ipak, to skoro niko tada
nije primetio.
nije primetio.
00:29
The change was silent, imperceptible,
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Promena je bila tiha,
neprimetna,
neprimetna,
00:32
unless you knew exactly what to look for.
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sem ako ste tačno znali
šta da očekujete.
šta da očekujete.
00:34
On that morning, U.S. President Bill Clinton
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Tog jutra je
predsednik SAD-a Bil Klinton
predsednik SAD-a Bil Klinton
00:37
ordered that a special switch be thrown
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naredio da se aktivira
poseban prekidač
poseban prekidač
00:39
in the orbiting satellites of the Global Positioning System.
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na orbitirajućim satelitima
Globalnog pozicionog sistema.
Globalnog pozicionog sistema.
00:42
Instantaneously, every civilian GPS receiver
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Istog trenutka,
svaki civilni GPS prijemnik
svaki civilni GPS prijemnik
00:46
around the globe went from errors the size of a football field
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na svetu prešao je
sa grešaka veličine fudbalskog terena
sa grešaka veličine fudbalskog terena
00:51
to errors the size of a small room.
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na greške
veličine male prostorije.
veličine male prostorije.
00:58
It's hard to overstate the effect that this change
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Ne mogu se dovoljno naglasiti
posledice
posledice
01:02
in accuracy has had on us.
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koje ova promena tačnosti
ima po nas.
ima po nas.
01:04
Before this switch was thrown, we didn't have
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Pre toga nismo imali
01:06
in-car navigation systems giving turn-by-turn
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navigatore za automobile
sa detaljnim uputstvima,
sa detaljnim uputstvima,
01:09
directions, because back then, GPS couldn't tell you
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jer tada GPS nije znao
01:11
what block you were on, let alone what street.
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u kom ste delu grada,
a kamoli u kojoj ulici.
a kamoli u kojoj ulici.
01:14
For geolocation, accuracy matters,
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Za geolociranje je bitna tačnost
01:17
and things have only improved over the last 10 years.
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i situacija se stalno poboljšavala
poslednjih 10 godina.
poslednjih 10 godina.
01:20
With more base stations, more ground stations,
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Sa više baznih
i zemaljskih stanica,
i zemaljskih stanica,
01:22
better receivers and better algorithms,
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boljim prijemnicima
i algoritmima,
i algoritmima,
01:25
GPS can now not only tell you what street you are on,
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GPS sada može da vam kaže
ne samo u kojoj ste ulici,
ne samo u kojoj ste ulici,
01:29
but what part of the street.
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već i u kom delu ulice.
01:33
This level of accuracy
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Ovaj stepen preciznosti
01:35
has unleashed a firestorm of innovation.
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otvorio je put
naletu inovacija.
naletu inovacija.
01:38
In fact, many of you navigated here today
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Mnogi od vas su danas
pronašli put
pronašli put
01:41
with the help of your TomTom or your smartphone.
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uz pomoć GPS navigatora
ili smartfona.
ili smartfona.
01:44
Paper maps are becoming obsolete.
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Papirne mape zastarevaju.
01:48
But we now stand on the verge of another revolution
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Međutim, nalazimo se
na korak od nove revolucije
na korak od nove revolucije
01:52
in geolocation accuracy.
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u preciznosti geolociranja.
01:54
What if I told you that the two-meter positioning
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Zamislite da je pozicioniranje
u krugu od dva metra
u krugu od dva metra
01:57
that our current cell phones and our TomToms give us
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koje nam sadašnji telefoni
i GPS navigatori pružaju
i GPS navigatori pružaju
02:00
is pathetic compared to what we could be getting?
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bedno u odnosu na ono
što bismo mogli dobiti.
što bismo mogli dobiti.
02:04
For some time now, it's been known that if you pay attention
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Odavno se zna
da, ako obratite pažnju
da, ako obratite pažnju
02:07
to the carrier phase of the GPS signal,
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na noseću fazu GPS signala
02:09
and if you have an Internet connection,
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i ako imate
internet konekciju,
internet konekciju,
02:12
then you can go from meter level to centimeter level,
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možete da pređete sa metarske
na centimetarsku,
na centimetarsku,
02:15
even millimeter-level positioning.
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pa i milimetarsku preciznost
u pozicioniranju.
u pozicioniranju.
02:17
So why don't we have this capability on our phones?
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Zašto ovo nije moguće
na našim telefonima?
na našim telefonima?
02:21
Only, I believe, for a lack of imagination.
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Siguran sam,
samo zbog nemaštovitosti.
samo zbog nemaštovitosti.
02:25
Manufacturers haven't built this carrier phase technique
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Proizvođači nisu ugradili
ovu tehniku noseće faze
ovu tehniku noseće faze
02:28
into their cheap GPS chips
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u jeftine GPS čipove
02:30
because they're not sure what the general public would do
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zato što nisu sigurni
šta bi obični ljudi radili
šta bi obični ljudi radili
02:33
with geolocation so accurate that you could pinpoint
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sa geolociranjem toliko preciznim
da biste mogli pronaći
da biste mogli pronaći
02:36
the wrinkles in the palm of your hand.
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bore na svojoj šaci.
02:40
But you and I and other innovators,
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Međutim, vi, ja i drugi inovatori
02:42
we can see the potential in this next leap in accuracy.
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vidimo potencijal
u ovom novom stepenu preciznosti.
u ovom novom stepenu preciznosti.
02:46
Imagine, for example, an augmented reality app
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Zamislite, recimo,
aplikaciju za unapređenu stvarnost
aplikaciju za unapređenu stvarnost
02:49
that overlays a virtual world to millimeter-level precision
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koja postavlja virtuelni svet
s milimetarskom preciznošću
s milimetarskom preciznošću
02:53
on top of the physical world.
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na fizički svet.
02:55
I could build for you a structure up here in 3D,
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Mogao bih ovde da izgradim
3D strukturu
3D strukturu
02:58
millimeter accurate, that only you could see,
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s milimetarskom preciznošću,
koju biste videli samo vi
koju biste videli samo vi
03:00
or my friends at home.
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ili moji prijatelji kod kuće.
03:03
So this level of positioning, this is what we're looking for,
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Ovaj stepen pozicioniranja
nam je cilj
nam je cilj
03:07
and I believe that, within the next few years, I predict,
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i uveren sam da će,
verovatno za nekoliko godina,
verovatno za nekoliko godina,
03:11
that this kind of hyper-precise, carrier phase-based positioning
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ova vrsta hiper-preciznog pozicioniranja
pomoću noseće faze
pomoću noseće faze
03:16
will become cheap and ubiquitous,
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postati jeftina i raširena,
03:19
and the consequences will be fantastic.
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a posledice
će biti izvanredne.
će biti izvanredne.
03:22
The Holy Grail, of course, is the GPS dot.
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Sveti gral je, naravno,
GPS tačka.
GPS tačka.
03:27
Do you remember the movie "The Da Vinci Code?"
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Sećate li se filma
"Da Vinčijev kod?"
"Da Vinčijev kod?"
03:29
Here's Professor Langdon examining a GPS dot,
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Evo profesora Langdona
kako proučava GPS tačku,
kako proučava GPS tačku,
03:33
which his accomplice tells him is a tracking device
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za koju mu saradnik kaže
da je uređaj za praćenje
da je uređaj za praćenje
03:36
accurate within two feet anywhere on the globe,
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precizan u krugu od pola metra
bilo gde na svetu,
bilo gde na svetu,
03:39
but we know that in the world of nonfiction,
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ali znamo da je
u stvarnom svetu
u stvarnom svetu
03:42
the GPS dot is impossible, right?
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GPS tačka nemoguća,
je l' tako?
je l' tako?
03:45
For one thing, GPS doesn't work indoors,
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Pre svega,
GPS radi samo napolju,
GPS radi samo napolju,
03:48
and for another, they don't make devices quite this small,
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a sem toga, ne proizvode se
toliko mali uređaji,
toliko mali uređaji,
03:51
especially when those devices have to relay
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naročito ako moraju
da prenose
da prenose
03:53
their measurements back over a network.
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svoja merenja
preko neke mreže.
preko neke mreže.
03:56
Well, these objections were perfectly reasonable
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Ovi stavovi su bili
potpuno razumni
potpuno razumni
03:58
a few years ago, but things have changed.
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pre nekoliko godina,
ali se situacija promenila.
ali se situacija promenila.
04:01
There's been a strong trend toward miniaturization,
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Postoji snažna sklonost
ka umanjivanju,
ka umanjivanju,
04:04
better sensitivity, so much so that, a few years ago,
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ka većoj preciznosti, do te mere
da je pre koju godinu
da je pre koju godinu
04:08
a GPS tracking device looked like this clunky box
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GPS uređaj za praćenje
izgledao kao ova kabasta kutija
izgledao kao ova kabasta kutija
04:11
to the left of the keys.
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levo od ključeva.
04:13
Compare that with the device released just months ago
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Uporedite to sa uređajem
proizvedenim pre nekoliko meseci
proizvedenim pre nekoliko meseci
04:16
that's now packaged into something the size of a key fob,
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koji se pakuje u nešto
veličine priveska za ključeve,
veličine priveska za ključeve,
04:19
and if you take a look at the state of the art
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a ako pogledate najmoderniji
04:22
for a complete GPS receiver, which is only a centimeter
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kompletan GPS prijemnik,
koji je svega
koji je svega
04:25
on a side and more sensitive than ever,
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centimetar širok
i precizniji nego ikada,
i precizniji nego ikada,
04:27
you realize that the GPS dot will soon move
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shvatićete da će GPS tačka
uskoro preći
uskoro preći
04:30
from fiction to nonfiction.
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iz filmova u stvarnost.
04:35
Imagine what we could do with a world full of GPS dots.
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Zamislite šta bismo mogli da uradimo
u svetu punom GPS tačaka.
u svetu punom GPS tačaka.
04:39
It's not just that you'll never lose your wallet or your keys
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Ne samo da nikad više ne biste gubili
novčanik ili ključeve
novčanik ili ključeve
04:42
anymore, or your child when you're at Disneyland.
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ili dete kada ste
u Diznilendu.
u Diznilendu.
04:46
You'll buy GPS dots in bulk, and you'll stick them on
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Kupovaćete GPS tačke na veliko
i lepićete ih
i lepićete ih
04:50
everything you own worth more than a few tens of dollars.
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na sve što imate, a što je vrednije
od nekoliko desetina dolara.
od nekoliko desetina dolara.
04:54
I couldn't find my shoes one recent morning,
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Nisam mogao da nađem cipele
pre nekog jutra
pre nekog jutra
04:57
and, as usual, had to ask my wife if she had seen them.
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i, kao i obično, morao sam da pitam ženu
da li ih je videla.
da li ih je videla.
05:00
But I shouldn't have to bother my wife with that kind of triviality.
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Ne bi trebalo da mučim ženu
takvim sitnicama.
takvim sitnicama.
05:04
I should be able to ask my house where my shoes are.
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Trebalo bi da mogu
da pitam kuću gde su mi cipele.
da pitam kuću gde su mi cipele.
05:06
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
05:09
Those of you who have made the switch to Gmail,
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Vi koji ste prešli na Gmail,
05:12
remember how refreshing it was to go from
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setite se kako je bilo lepo
05:15
organizing all of your email to simply searching it.
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umesto organizovanja mejlova
prosto ih pretraživati.
prosto ih pretraživati.
05:19
The GPS dot will do the same for our possessions.
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GPS tačka će uraditi istu stvar
sa onim što posedujemo.
sa onim što posedujemo.
05:24
Now, of course, there is a flip side to the GPS dot.
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Naravno, postoji i druga strana priče
u vezi sa GPS tačkom.
u vezi sa GPS tačkom.
05:28
I was in my office some months back
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Bio sam na poslu
pre nekoliko meseci
pre nekoliko meseci
05:31
and got a telephone call.
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i zazvonio mi je telefon.
05:33
The woman on the other end of the line, we'll call her Carol,
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Moja sagovornica,
zvaćemo je Kerol,
zvaćemo je Kerol,
05:37
was panicked.
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bila je u panici.
05:39
Apparently, an ex-boyfriend of Carol's from California
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Naime, njen bivši dečko
iz Kalifornije
iz Kalifornije
05:42
had found her in Texas and was following her around.
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pronašao ju je u Teksasu
i stalno ju je pratio.
i stalno ju je pratio.
05:45
So you might ask at this point why she's calling you.
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Možda biste se već zapitali
zašto je baš vas pozvala.
zašto je baš vas pozvala.
05:49
Well, so did I.
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Ja jesam.
05:50
But it turned out there was a technical twist to Carol's case.
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Zapravo je postojao tehnički aspekt
Kerolinog slučaja.
Kerolinog slučaja.
05:54
Every time her ex-boyfriend would show up,
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Kad god bi se
njen bivši dečko pojavio,
njen bivši dečko pojavio,
05:57
at the most improbable times and the most improbable locations,
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u najčudnije doba
i na najčudnijim mestima,
i na najčudnijim mestima,
06:01
he was carrying an open laptop,
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nosio je otvoren laptop
06:04
and over time Carol realized that he had planted
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i s vremenom, Kerol je shvatila
da je postavio
da je postavio
06:07
a GPS tracking device on her car,
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GPS uređaj za praćenje
na njen auto,
na njen auto,
06:09
so she was calling me for help to disable it.
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pa me je pozvala
da ga isključim.
da ga isključim.
06:12
"Well, you should go to a good mechanic
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"Treba da odete
kod nekog mehaničara
kod nekog mehaničara
06:14
and have him look at your car," I said.
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da vam pogleda kola",
rekao sam.
rekao sam.
06:18
"I already have," she told me.
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"Već sam to uradila",
rekla mi je.
rekla mi je.
06:20
"He didn't see anything obvious,
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"Nije primetio ništa neobično
06:22
and he said he'd have to take the car apart piece by piece."
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i rekao je da bi morao
potpuno da rastavi kola."
potpuno da rastavi kola."
06:26
"Well then, you'd better go to the police," I said.
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"Onda idite u policiju",
rekao sam.
rekao sam.
06:29
"I already have," she replied.
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"Već sam to uradila",
odgovorila je.
odgovorila je.
06:32
"They're not sure this rises to the level of harassment,
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"Nisu sigurni da je ovo
zlostavljanje,
zlostavljanje,
06:35
and they're not set up technically to find the device."
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a nisu tehnički opremljeni
da bi mogli da pronađu uređaj."
da bi mogli da pronađu uređaj."
06:39
"Okay, what about the FBI?"
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"Dobro, a FBI?"
06:40
"I've talked to them too, and same story."
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"I sa njima sam razgovarala,
ista priča."
ista priča."
06:44
We then talked about her coming to my lab
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Predložili smo da dođe
u moju laboratoriju
u moju laboratoriju
06:46
and us performing a radio sweep of her car,
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da bismo obavili
radio skeniranje automobila,
radio skeniranje automobila,
06:48
but I wasn't even sure that would work,
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ali nisam bio siguran
da bi to uspelo,
da bi to uspelo,
06:51
given that some of these devices are configured
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pošto neki od ovih uređaja
06:53
to only transmit when they're inside safe zones
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prenose podatke
samo unutar bezbedne zone
samo unutar bezbedne zone
06:55
or when the car is moving.
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ili kada se auto kreće.
06:59
So, there we were.
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To je bilo to.
07:00
Carol isn't the first, and certainly won't be the last,
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Kerol nije ni prva
i svakako ni poslednja osoba
i svakako ni poslednja osoba
07:03
to find herself in this kind of fearsome environment,
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koja će se naći
u tako strašnom okruženju,
u tako strašnom okruženju,
07:08
worrisome situation caused by GPS tracking.
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opasnoj situaciji
izazvanoj GPS praćenjem.
izazvanoj GPS praćenjem.
07:14
In fact, as I looked into her case,
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Dok sam se bavio
njenim slučajem,
njenim slučajem,
07:16
I discovered to my surprise that it's not clearly illegal
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otkrio sam da zapravo
nije potpuno nelegalno
nije potpuno nelegalno
07:19
for you or me to put a tracking device on someone else's car.
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staviti uređaj za praćenje
na tuđi automobil.
na tuđi automobil.
07:24
The Supreme Court ruled last month that a policeman
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Vrhovni sud je presudio prošlog meseca
da policajac
da policajac
07:27
has to get a warrant if he wants to do prolonged tracking,
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mora da dobije nalog
za praćenje tokom dužeg perioda,
za praćenje tokom dužeg perioda,
07:32
but the law isn't clear about civilians doing this to one another,
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ali zakon nije precizan
u vezi sa civilima koji to rade,
u vezi sa civilima koji to rade,
07:35
so it's not just Big Brother we have to worry about,
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tako da ne treba brinuti
samo o Velikom Bratu,
samo o Velikom Bratu,
07:38
but Big Neighbor. (Laughter)
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već i o Velikom Komšiji.
(Smeh)
(Smeh)
07:41
There is one alternative that Carol could have taken,
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Postoji jedna alternativa
koju je Kerol mogla preduzeti,
koju je Kerol mogla preduzeti,
07:46
very effective. It's called the Wave Bubble.
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veoma delotvorna. Zove se
Wave Bubble (Mehur za talase).
Wave Bubble (Mehur za talase).
07:51
It's an open-source GPS jammer,
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To je slobodno dostupan
GPS blokator,
GPS blokator,
07:54
developed by Limor Fried,
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razvila ga je Limor Frid,
07:57
a graduate student at MIT, and Limor calls it
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postdiplomac na MIT-u,
i Limor ga naziva
i Limor ga naziva
08:01
"a tool for reclaiming our personal space."
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"alat za povratak
našeg ličnog prostora".
našeg ličnog prostora".
08:05
With a flip of the switch you create a bubble around you
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Ako uključite prekidač,
stvorićete mehur oko sebe
stvorićete mehur oko sebe
08:07
within which GPS signals can't reside.
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kroz koji GPS signali
ne mogu da prolaze.
ne mogu da prolaze.
08:09
They get drowned out by the bubble.
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Mehur ih potisne.
08:12
And Limor designed this, in part, because, like Carol,
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Limor je ovo osmislila
delom zato što se, kao Kerol,
delom zato što se, kao Kerol,
08:15
she felt threatened by GPS tracking.
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osećala nebezbedno
zbog GPS praćenja.
zbog GPS praćenja.
08:18
Then she posted her design to the web,
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Onda je objavila svoj nacrt
na internetu,
na internetu,
08:20
and if you don't have time to build your own,
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a ako nemate vremena
da sami napravite taj uređaj,
da sami napravite taj uređaj,
08:24
you can buy one.
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možete da ga kupite.
08:25
Chinese manufacturers now sell thousands
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Kineski proizvođači
sada prodaju hiljade
sada prodaju hiljade
08:27
of nearly identical devices on the Internet.
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skoro identičnih uređaja
putem interneta.
putem interneta.
08:31
So you might be thinking, the Wave Bubble sounds great.
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Sad možda mislite da Wave Bubble
zvuči odlično.
zvuči odlično.
08:35
I should have one. Might come in handy if somebody ever puts a tracking device on my car.
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Trebalo bi da ga nabavim. Bio bi koristan
ako mi neko nekad bude pratio kola.
ako mi neko nekad bude pratio kola.
08:39
But you should be aware that its use is very much illegal
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Ali obratite pažnju na to
da je on praktično nelegalan
da je on praktično nelegalan
08:42
in the United States.
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u SAD-u.
08:44
And why is that?
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Zašto?
08:45
Well, because it's not a bubble at all.
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Zato što
uopšte nije mehur.
uopšte nije mehur.
08:48
Its jamming signals don't stop at the edge
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Njegovi signali
se ne zaustavljaju na ivici
se ne zaustavljaju na ivici
08:50
of your personal space or at the edge of your car.
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vašeg ličnog prostora
ili ivici vašeg automobila.
ili ivici vašeg automobila.
08:53
They go on to jam innocent GPS receivers for miles around you. (Laughter)
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Šire se i blokiraju nedužne GPS prijemnike
kilometrima oko vas. (Smeh)
kilometrima oko vas. (Smeh)
08:59
Now, if you're Carol or Limor,
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Ako ste u poziciji
Kerol ili Limor
Kerol ili Limor
09:02
or someone who feels threatened by GPS tracking,
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ili nekoga koga plaši
GPS praćenje,
GPS praćenje,
09:04
it might not feel wrong to turn on a Wave Bubble,
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možda mislite da ne bi bilo loše
da uključite Wave Bubble,
da uključite Wave Bubble,
09:08
but in fact, the results can be disastrous.
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ali zapravo rezultati
mogu biti užasni.
mogu biti užasni.
09:12
Imagine, for example, you're the captain of a cruise ship
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Zamislite, recimo,
da ste kapetan kruzera
da ste kapetan kruzera
09:15
trying to make your way through a thick fog
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koji pokušava da se kreće
kroz gustu maglu,
kroz gustu maglu,
09:17
and some passenger in the back turns on a Wave Bubble.
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a neko od putnika
uključi Wave Bubble.
uključi Wave Bubble.
09:21
All of a sudden your GPS readout goes blank,
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Odjednom vam GPS signal nestane
09:24
and now it's just you and the fog
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i ostali ste
samo vi i magla
samo vi i magla
09:27
and whatever you can pull off the radar system
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i ono što uspete da očitate
sa radarskog sistema
sa radarskog sistema
09:30
if you remember how to work it.
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ako se sećate
kako da ga koristite.
kako da ga koristite.
09:33
They -- in fact, they don't update or upkeep lighthouses
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Više se
ne održavaju svetionici,
ne održavaju svetionici,
09:39
anymore, and LORAN, the only backup to GPS,
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a LORAN,
jedina rezerva za GPS,
jedina rezerva za GPS,
09:44
was discontinued last year.
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prestao je da se koristi
prošle godine.
prošle godine.
09:46
Our modern society has a special relationship with GPS.
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Naše savremeno društvo
ima poseban odnos sa GPS-om.
ima poseban odnos sa GPS-om.
09:51
We're almost blindly reliant on it.
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Skoro se slepo uzdamo
u njega.
u njega.
09:53
It's built deeply into our systems and infrastructure.
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Duboko je ugrađen
u naše sisteme i infrastrukturu.
u naše sisteme i infrastrukturu.
09:57
Some call it "the invisible utility."
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Neki ga zovu
"nevidljiva alatka".
"nevidljiva alatka".
10:00
So, turning on a Wave Bubble might not just cause inconvenience.
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Uključivanje Wave Bubble-a
bi moglo biti gore od nezgode.
bi moglo biti gore od nezgode.
10:04
It might be deadly.
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Moglo bi biti smrtonosno.
10:09
But as it turns out, for purposes of protecting your privacy
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Zapravo, u svrhe
zaštite sopstvene privatnosti
zaštite sopstvene privatnosti
10:13
at the expense of general GPS reliability,
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po cenu
opšte dostupnosti GPS-a,
opšte dostupnosti GPS-a,
10:16
there's something even more potent
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postoji nešto još snažnije
10:18
and more subversive than a Wave Bubble,
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i opasnije od Wave Bubble-a,
10:22
and that is a GPS spoofer.
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3389
a to je GPS "prevarant" (spoofer).
10:26
The idea behind the GPS spoofer is simple.
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Ideja GPS "prevaranta" je jednostavna.
10:28
Instead of jamming the GPS signals, you fake them.
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Umesto da blokirate
GPS signale, lažirate ih.
GPS signale, lažirate ih.
10:32
You imitate them, and if you do it right, the device
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Imitirate ih,
a ako to dobro odradite, uređaj
a ako to dobro odradite, uređaj
10:36
you're attacking doesn't even know it's being spoofed.
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koji napadate neće uopšte znati
da ga zavaravate.
da ga zavaravate.
10:39
So let me show you how this works.
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Pokazaću vam
kako to funkcioniše.
kako to funkcioniše.
10:40
In any GPS receiver, there's a peak inside
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Unutar svakog GPS prijemnika
postoji kriva
postoji kriva
10:43
that corresponds to the authentic signals.
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koja odgovara
pravim signalima.
pravim signalima.
10:46
These three red dots represent the tracking points
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Ove tri crvene tačke
predstavljaju tačke praćenja
predstavljaju tačke praćenja
10:49
that try to keep themselves centered on that peak.
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koje pokušavaju da ostanu centrirane
na toj krivi.
na toj krivi.
10:51
But if you send in a fake GPS signal,
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Ali ako pošaljete
lažan GPS signal,
lažan GPS signal,
10:54
another peak pops up, and if you can get these two peaks
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pojaviće se još jedna kriva,
a ako uspete da te dve krive
a ako uspete da te dve krive
10:59
perfectly aligned, the tracking points can't tell the difference,
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savršeno preklopite, tačke praćenja
neće pronaći razliku
neće pronaći razliku
11:04
and they get hijacked by the stronger counterfeit signal,
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3311
i biće prevarene
snažnijim, falsifikovanim signalom,
snažnijim, falsifikovanim signalom,
11:07
with the authentic peak getting forced off.
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dok će stvarna kriva
biti potisnuta.
biti potisnuta.
11:11
At this point, the game is over.
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U ovom trenutku je sve gotovo.
11:13
The fake signals now completely control this GPS receiver.
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Lažni signali sada potpuno kontrolišu
ovaj GPS prijemnik.
ovaj GPS prijemnik.
11:17
So is this really possible?
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Je li ovo stvarno moguće?
11:18
Can someone really manipulate
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Može li neko stvarno
da manipuliše
da manipuliše
11:20
the timing and positioning of a GPS receiver
210
664624
1982
vremenom i pozicioniranjem
GPS prijemnika
GPS prijemnika
11:22
just like that, with a spoofer?
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tako jednostavno,
pomoću "prevaranta"?
pomoću "prevaranta"?
11:25
Well, the short answer is yes.
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2015
Jednom rečju, da.
11:27
The key is that civil GPS signals
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Ključno je to
što su civilni GPS signali
što su civilni GPS signali
11:30
are completely open.
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potpuno otvoreni.
11:31
They have no encryption. They have no authentication.
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Nemaju enkripciju.
Nemaju autentikaciju.
Nemaju autentikaciju.
11:35
They're wide open, vulnerable to a kind of spoofing attack.
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Širom su otvoreni,
osetljivi na bilo kakav napad.
osetljivi na bilo kakav napad.
11:38
Even so, up until very recently,
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Ipak, donedavno
11:41
nobody worried about GPS spoofers.
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niko nije brinuo
o lažnim GPS signalima.
o lažnim GPS signalima.
11:43
People figured that it would be too complex
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687859
1978
Zaključili smo da bi bilo
previše komplikovano
previše komplikovano
11:45
or too expensive for some hacker to build one.
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689837
2815
ili preskupo
da bi to neki haker uradio.
da bi to neki haker uradio.
11:48
But I, and a friend of mine from graduate school,
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3952
Ali moj drug sa postdiplomskih studija
i ja
i ja
11:52
we didn't see it that way.
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2152
to nismo tako videli.
11:54
We knew it wasn't going to be so hard,
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Znali smo da ne može biti
tako teško,
tako teško,
11:57
and we wanted to be the first to build one
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1928
a hteli smo
da to prvi napravimo
da to prvi napravimo
11:59
so we could get out in front of the problem
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da bismo
predupredili problem
predupredili problem
12:01
and help protect against GPS spoofing.
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4106
i mogli da pomognemo u zaštiti
od lažnih GPS signala.
od lažnih GPS signala.
12:05
I remember vividly the week it all came together.
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Veoma jasno se sećam nedelje
kada se sve odigralo.
kada se sve odigralo.
12:08
We built it at my home, which means that
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Sklopili smo uređaj u mojoj kući,
što znači
što znači
12:12
I got a little extra help from my three-year-old son Ramon.
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da mi je dodatno pomagao
i moj trogodišnji sin, Ramon.
i moj trogodišnji sin, Ramon.
12:16
Here's Ramon — (Laughter) —
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2418
Evo Ramona
(Smeh)
(Smeh)
12:18
looking for a little attention from Dad that week.
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3685
kako traži malo pažnje od tate
u toku te nedelje.
u toku te nedelje.
12:22
At first, the spoofer was just a jumble of cables
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Na početku je uređaj bio
samo gomila kablova
samo gomila kablova
12:24
and computers, though we eventually got it packaged
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2882
i kompjutera, ali smo uspeli
da ga spakujemo
da ga spakujemo
12:27
into a small box.
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u malu kutiju.
12:29
Now, the Dr. Frankenstein moment,
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2809
Trenutak poput
doktora Frankenštajna,
doktora Frankenštajna,
12:32
when the spoofer finally came alive
236
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2727
kada je uređaj proradio,
12:34
and I glimpsed its awful potential,
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2601
a ja na trenutak ugledao
njegovu užasnu moć,
njegovu užasnu moć,
12:37
came late one night when I tested the spoofer
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2736
došao je kasno jedne noći
kada sam testirao uređaj
kada sam testirao uređaj
12:40
against my iPhone.
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2086
na svom iPhone-u.
12:42
Let me show you some actual footage from that
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Pokazaću vam stvarni snimak
12:43
very first experiment.
241
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1936
tog prvog eksperimenta.
12:45
I had come to completely trust this little blue dot
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3594
Stekao sam potpuno poverenje
u ovu plavu tačkicu
u ovu plavu tačkicu
12:49
and its reassuring blue halo.
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1635
i njen umirujući plavi oreol.
12:51
They seemed to speak to me.
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1075
Kao da govore.
12:52
They'd say, "Here you are. Here you are." (Laughter)
245
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4660
Rekli bi: "Evo te. Evo te."
(Smeh)
(Smeh)
12:56
And "you can trust us."
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2870
I "možeš da nam veruješ."
12:59
So something felt very wrong about the world.
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5118
Zato mi je svet izgledao
jako čudno.
jako čudno.
13:04
It was a sense, almost, of betrayal,
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2583
Osećao sam se
praktično prevareno
praktično prevareno
13:07
when this little blue dot started at my house,
249
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4191
kada je ova plava tačkica
krenula od moje kuće
krenula od moje kuće
13:11
and went running off toward the north
250
775691
1612
i pobegla ka severu
13:13
leaving me behind. I wasn't moving.
251
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3895
ostavljajući me za sobom.
Ja se nisam kretao.
Ja se nisam kretao.
13:17
What I then saw in this little moving blue dot
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4233
Tada sam u ovoj
pokretnoj plavoj tačkici
pokretnoj plavoj tačkici
13:21
was the potential for chaos.
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2718
video potencijal za haos.
13:24
I saw airplanes and ships veering off course, with the captain
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4142
Video sam avione i brodove
koji skreću sa puta, dok kapetan
koji skreću sa puta, dok kapetan
13:28
learning only too late that something was wrong.
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792291
4274
prekasno shvata
da nešto nije u redu.
da nešto nije u redu.
13:32
I saw the GPS-derived timing
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796565
2500
Video sam kako GPS sat
13:34
of the New York Stock Exchange
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1731
njujorške berze
13:36
being manipulated by hackers.
258
800796
1950
kvare hakeri.
13:38
You can scarcely imagine the kind of havoc
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Teško da se može zamisliti
kakav biste haos
kakav biste haos
13:41
you could cause if you knew what you were doing
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2650
mogli izazvati
ako biste znali šta radite
ako biste znali šta radite
13:44
with a GPS spoofer.
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3353
sa GPS "prevarantom".
13:47
There is, though, one redeeming feature
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5144
Međutim, postoji
jedno pozitivno svojstvo
jedno pozitivno svojstvo
13:52
of the GPS spoofer.
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2456
GPS "prevaranta".
13:55
It's the ultimate weapon against an invasion of GPS dots.
264
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4601
To je krajnje oružje
protiv invazije GPS tačaka.
protiv invazije GPS tačaka.
13:59
Imagine, for example, you're being tracked.
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3087
Zamislite, recimo,
da vas neko prati.
da vas neko prati.
14:02
Well, you can play the tracker for a fool,
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2524
Možete potpuno prevariti
tu osobu
tu osobu
14:05
pretending to be at work when you're really on vacation.
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2961
tako što se pretvarate da ste na poslu
dok ste zapravo na odmoru.
dok ste zapravo na odmoru.
14:08
Or, if you're Carol, you could lure your ex-boyfriend
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2715
Ako ste Kerol,
možete navesti svog bivšeg dečka
možete navesti svog bivšeg dečka
14:11
into some empty parking lot
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1317
da ode na neki prazan parking
14:12
where the police are waiting for him.
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2301
gde ga čeka policija.
14:14
So I'm fascinated by this conflict, a looming conflict,
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5203
Fasciniran sam
sve stvarnijim sukobom
sve stvarnijim sukobom
14:19
between privacy on the one hand
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2665
između privatnosti
14:22
and the need for a clean radio spectrum on the other.
273
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4199
i potrebe
za čistim radijskim spektrom.
za čistim radijskim spektrom.
14:26
We simply cannot tolerate GPS jammers and spoofers,
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850890
3045
Ne možemo tolerisati
blokiranje i lažiranje signala,
blokiranje i lažiranje signala,
14:29
and yet, given the lack of effective legal means
275
853935
3736
ali, pošto nema pravnog puta
14:33
for protecting our privacy from the GPS dot,
276
857671
4099
da zaštitimo svoju privatnost
od GPS tačke,
od GPS tačke,
14:37
can you really blame people for wanting to turn them on,
277
861770
1872
je li uopšte čudno
što ljudi to žele da uključe,
što ljudi to žele da uključe,
14:39
for wanting to use them?
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2416
što to žele da koriste?
14:41
I hold out hope that we'll be able to reconcile
279
866058
3053
Nadam se da ćemo
uspeti da rešimo
uspeti da rešimo
14:45
this conflict with some sort of,
280
869111
3186
ovaj sukob nekom
14:48
some yet uninvented technology.
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5430
još neizmišljenom
tehnologijom.
tehnologijom.
14:53
But meanwhile, grab some popcorn,
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877727
3126
U međuvremenu,
spremite se za zabavu
spremite se za zabavu
14:56
because things are going to get interesting.
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2127
jer će se stvari zakuvati.
14:58
Within the next few years,
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1340
Tokom narednih nekoliko godina,
15:00
many of you will be the proud owner of a GPS dot.
285
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4254
mnogi od vas će postati
ponosni vlasnici GPS tačke.
ponosni vlasnici GPS tačke.
15:04
Maybe you'll have a whole bag full of them.
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2348
Možda ćete imati i punu kesu
takvih uređaja.
takvih uređaja.
15:06
You'll never lose track of your things again.
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Nikad više nećete gubiti
svoje stvari.
svoje stvari.
15:10
The GPS dot will fundamentally reorder your life.
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GPS tačka će promeniti vaš život
iz korena.
iz korena.
15:14
But will you be able to resist the temptation
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Ali hoćete li odoleti iskušenju
15:16
to track your fellow man?
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da pratite druge ljude?
15:19
Or will you be able to resist the temptation
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I hoćete li odoleti iskušenju
15:21
to turn on a GPS spoofer or a Wave Bubble
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da uključite lažan GPS signal
ili Wave Bubble
ili Wave Bubble
15:25
to protect your own privacy?
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da biste zaštitili
svoju privatnost?
svoju privatnost?
15:27
So, as usual, what we see just beyond the horizon
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Kao i obično,
tik iza horizonta
tik iza horizonta
15:31
is full of promise and peril.
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čekaju nas
nada i opasnost.
nada i opasnost.
15:34
It'll be fascinating to see how this all turns out.
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Biće zanimljivo videti
kako će se ovo završiti.
kako će se ovo završiti.
15:38
Thanks. (Applause)
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Hvala vam.
(Aplauz)
(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Todd Humphreys - Assistant ProfessorTodd Humphreys studies GPS, its future, and how we can address some of its biggest security problems.
Why you should listen
Todd Humphreys is director of the University of Texas at Austin's Radionavigation Laboratory -- where he works as an assistant professor in the Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics. His research into orbital mechanics has made him one of the world's leading experts on GPS technology and the security concerns that arise from its ubiquitous use. In 2008 he co-founded Coherent Navigation, a startup dedicated to creating more secure GPS systems.
Todd Humphreys | Speaker | TED.com