TED2008
Alisa Miller: How the news distorts our worldview
Alisa Miller共享关于新闻的新闻
Filmed:
Readability: 4.7
2,182,143 views
国际公共广播公司首席执行官Alisa Miller谈论为什么虽然我们想更多的去了解世界，但事实上美国的媒体带给我们的信息反而越来越少。演讲中的统计数据和图表很具启发性。
Alisa Miller - CEO, Public Radio International (PRI)
As the CEO of Public Radio International, Alisa Miller works to bring the most significant news stories to millions -- empowering Americans with the knowledge to make choices in an interconnected world. Full bio
As the CEO of Public Radio International, Alisa Miller works to bring the most significant news stories to millions -- empowering Americans with the knowledge to make choices in an interconnected world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:18
How does the news shape the way we see the world?
0
0
4000
新闻是怎样塑造我们认识世界的方式呢？
00:22
Here's the world based on the way it looks -- based on landmass.
1
4000
6000
先看一张世界地图
00:28
And here's how news shapes what Americans see.
2
10000
6000
再看看如果按新闻报道数量划分，美国人看到的“世界图景”:
00:35
This map -- (Applause) -- this map shows the number of seconds
3
17000
14000
在这张地图中, 各个国家的比例是按照
00:49
that American network and cable news organizations dedicated to news stories,
4
31000
5000
美国新闻机构报道世界各国新闻的秒数来划分的
00:54
by country, in February of 2007 -- just one year ago.
5
36000
5000
时间是2007年2月，也就是仅仅一年前
00:59
Now, this was a month when North Korea agreed to dismantle its nuclear facilities.
6
41000
6000
那个月发生的新闻包括：朝鲜同意拆除核设施
01:05
There was massive flooding in Indonesia.
7
47000
4000
印度尼西亚大海啸
01:09
And in Paris, the IPCC released its study confirming man's impact on global warming.
8
51000
8000
联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会在巴黎全会上证实了人类活动与全球变暖的关系
01:17
The U.S. accounted for 79 percent of total news coverage.
9
59000
5000
全部新闻中，美国新闻占79%
01:22
And when we take out the U.S. and look at the remaining 21 percent,
10
64000
5000
除去美国，看看其余的21%构成的“地图”
01:27
we see a lot of Iraq -- that's that big green thing there -- and little else.
11
69000
7000
其中大多新闻是有关伊拉克的，就是图中的大块绿色，其他国家占的很少
01:34
The combined coverage of Russia, China and India, for example, reached just one percent.
12
76000
8000
俄罗斯、中国和印度的新闻仅仅占1%
01:42
When we analyzed all the news stories and removed just one story,
13
84000
6000
如果再分析一下这些新闻，然后仅仅排除掉一类新闻
01:48
here's how the world looked.
14
90000
2000
世界看上去是这样的
01:50
What was that story? The death of Anna Nicole Smith.
15
92000
6000
那个新闻是什么呢？Anna Nicole Smith之死 [译注：Smith为《花花公子》玩伴女郎，07年2月离奇猝死]
01:57
This story eclipsed every country except Iraq,
16
99000
3000
从新闻报道数量上看，除了没有超过伊拉克，Anna Nicole Smith之死超过各个国家
02:00
and received 10 times the coverage of the IPCC report.
17
102000
5000
而且是报道IPCC报告数量的10倍
02:06
And the cycle continues;
18
108000
2000
这种情况还在继续
02:08
as we all know, Britney has loomed pretty large lately.
19
110000
3000
大家都知道布兰妮最近很流行
02:11
So, why don't we hear more about the world?
20
113000
3000
为什么我们听到的世界新闻很少？
02:14
One reason is that news networks have reduced the number of their foreign bureaus by half.
21
116000
6000
原因之一是新闻机构已经将他们的国外通讯分社数量减少了一半
02:20
Aside from one-person ABC mini-bureaus in Nairobi, New Delhi and Mumbai,
22
122000
9000
除了美国广播公司在内罗毕、新德里和孟买的单人微型分社
02:29
there are no network news bureaus in all of Africa, India or South America
23
131000
8000
非洲、印度和南美洲都没有新的通讯社网络
02:37
-- places that are home to more than two billion people.
24
139000
5000
而这些地方的人口有超过20亿
02:43
The reality is that covering Britney is cheaper.
25
145000
5000
现实情况是报道布兰妮成本更低
02:48
And this lack of global coverage is all the more disturbing
26
150000
3000
而如果看看人们获取新闻的方式
02:51
when we see where people go for news.
27
153000
2000
全球新闻报道量的缺失情况就更让人担心了
02:54
Local TV news looms large,
28
156000
4000
人们大多通过本地电视获取新闻
02:58
and unfortunately only dedicates 12 percent of its coverage to international news.
29
160000
4000
而不幸的是本地电视新闻中只有12%是国际新闻
03:03
And what about the web?
30
165000
2000
那互联网呢？
03:05
The most popular news sites don't do much better.
31
167000
4000
最流行的网站也不见得做的更好
03:09
Last year, Pew and the Colombia J-School analyzed the 14,000 stories
32
171000
5000
去年，皮尤研究中心和哥伦比亚新闻学院分析发现
03:14
that appeared on Google News' front page.
33
176000
3000
Google新闻首页上的14000个报道
03:17
And they, in fact, covered the same 24 news events.
34
179000
4000
其实只是在重复24个新闻
03:21
Similarly, a study in e-content showed that much of global news from U.S. news creators
35
183000
5000
同样，一份有关互联网内容的研究表明
03:26
is recycled stories from the AP wire services and Reuters,
36
188000
4000
美国新闻机构报道的世界新闻都是在重复美联社和路透社的报道
03:30
and don't put things into a context that people can understand their connection to it.
37
192000
4000
而且还试图隐藏转载的痕迹，让描述语气不至于让人看出来
03:34
So, if you put it all together, this could help explain why today's college graduates,
38
196000
5000
所以，想到所有这些，就能理解为什么比起20年前的同辈们
03:39
as well as less educated Americans,
39
201000
2000
现在的大学毕业生，还包括一些教育程度较低的美国人
03:41
know less about the world than their counterparts did 20 years ago.
40
203000
3000
反而对世界了解的更少
03:44
And if you think it's simply because we are not interested,
41
206000
6000
如果认为大家只是对世界新闻不感兴趣
03:50
you would be wrong.
42
212000
2000
那就错了
03:52
In recent years, Americans who say they closely follow global news most of the time
43
214000
7000
近几年来，表明正一直密切关注世界新闻的美国人数比例已上升至50%
03:59
grew to over 50 percent.
44
221000
2000
近几年，表明正一直密切关注世界新闻的美国人数比例已上升至50%
04:01
The real question: is this distorted worldview what we want for Americans
45
223000
8000
真正的问题是：在世界愈发互联的今天，这样歪曲的世界图景是我们美国人想要的吗？
04:09
in our increasingly interconnected world?
46
231000
3000
真正的问题是：在世界愈发互联的今天，这样歪曲的世界图景是我们美国人想要的吗？
04:12
I know we can do better.
47
234000
3000
我相信我们能做得更好
04:15
And can we afford not to? Thank you.
48
237000
3000
否则，后果我们能承担么？ 谢谢大家！！
Reviewed by Huayan Amy Wang
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Alisa Miller - CEO, Public Radio International (PRI)As the CEO of Public Radio International, Alisa Miller works to bring the most significant news stories to millions -- empowering Americans with the knowledge to make choices in an interconnected world.
Why you should listen
Alisa Miller wants to define the future of how people will engage with storytelling and technology. She's CEO of PRI, Public Radio International, and is leading the organization’s transformation from a creator and distributor of news and audio into a multiplatform medium that informs and enables millions of people to act on stories that move them. An advocate for global perspectives in the news, she recently launched the Across Women's Lives Initiative at the Clinton Global Initiative to increase news coverage and engagement around global women’s issues.
BONUS: Watch Alisa Miller's talk "We need more women represented in media" on the TED Archive.
Alisa Miller | Speaker | TED.com