TED2007
Philippe Starck: Design and destiny
Philippe Starck 对设计的深入思考
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设计师 Philippe Starck—没有秀什么漂亮幻灯片—以 18 分钟追根究底探索「为什么要设计？」 这个问题。不论是不是天才，让我们一起用心倾听一首完美的颂歌。
Philippe Starck - Designer
Philippe Starck designs deluxe objects and posh condos and hotels around the world. Always witty and engaged, he takes special delight in rethinking everyday objects. Full bio
Philippe Starck designs deluxe objects and posh condos and hotels around the world. Always witty and engaged, he takes special delight in rethinking everyday objects. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
You will understand nothing with my type of English.
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你们将很难听懂我的英文。
00:17
It's good for you because you can have a break after all these fantastic people.
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也好，听过这些奇妙的人演讲，你们可以休息一下。
00:26
I must tell you I am like that, not very comfortable,
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我必须承认，我觉得也不是很自在，
00:31
because usually, in life, I think my job is absolutely useless.
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因为生活中，通常我觉得我的工作毫无用处。
00:37
I mean, I feel useless.
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就是说，我觉得很没有用。
00:41
Now after Carolyn, and all the other guys, I feel like shit.
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现在，在 Carolyn 和其他人演讲之后，我觉得很「逊」。
00:49
And definitively, I don't know why I am here,
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说实在的，我搞不懂为什么我来了，
00:56
but -- you know the nightmare you can have, like you are an impostor,
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但是，你知道就像一场噩梦，像个冒名顶替者，
01:00
you arrive at the opera, and they push you, "You must sing!"
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被推上歌剧舞台，「你就唱吧！」
01:04
I don't know. (Laughter)
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我不知如何是好。
01:07
So, so, because I have nothing to show, nothing to say,
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所以，所以，因为我没有什么好秀，也没有什么好说，
01:16
we shall try to speak about something else.
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我们就来谈谈其他事。
01:20
We can start, if you want, by understanding --
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如果你愿意，我们可以来了解一下—
01:23
it's just to start, it's not interesting, but -- how I work.
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只是开头，不很有趣，就是—我如何工作。
01:28
When somebody comes to me and ask for what I am known,
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当有人来找我，请我做我知名的设计，
01:35
I mean, yes, lemon squeezer, toilet brush, toothpick, beautiful toilet seats,
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像柠檬榨汁器、马桶刷、牙签、漂亮马桶垫，
01:44
and why not -- a toothbrush?
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何不也设计一把牙刷。
01:46
I don't try to design the toothbrush.
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我并不试着去设计牙刷。
01:51
I don't try to say, "Oh, that will be a beautiful object," or something like that.
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也不会试着说，「喔，那将是个美好的物品」，或这类的话。
01:54
That doesn't interest me.
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那引不起我的兴趣。
01:55
Because there is different types of design.
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因为有不同类型的设计。
01:58
The one, we can call it the cynical design,
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有一种我们可叫做「媚俗设计」，
02:03
that means the design invented by Raymond Loewy in the '50s,
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由 Raymond Loewy 在 '50 年代创始的，
02:06
who said, what is ugly is a bad sale, la laideur se vend mal, which is terrible.
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他说：丑物卖不好 (la laideur se vend mal)，很可怕。
02:13
It means the design must be just the weapon for marketing,
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就是说，设计只是营销的武器，
02:18
for producer to make product more sexy, like that,
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让制造者把产品做得更性感，
02:22
they sell more: it's shit, it's obsolete, it's ridiculous.
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可以卖更多，那是狗屎，过时了，荒谬极了。
02:26
I call that the cynical design.
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我叫它「媚俗设计」。
02:30
After, there is the narcissistic design:
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后来，出现了「自恋设计」：
02:35
it's a fantastic designer who designs only for other fantastic designers. (Laughter)
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奇妙设计师设计给其他奇妙设计师。
02:42
After, there is people like me, who try to deserve to exist,
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后来有像我这样的人，想找到存在的价值，
02:48
and who are so ashamed to make this useless job, who try to do it in another way,
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并羞于做这种无用的工作，试着找另个方式，
02:56
and they try, I try, to not make the object for the object but for the result,
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他们试，我也试，设计物品不是为了物品，而是为了结果，
03:03
for the profit for the human being, the person who will use it.
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为了人类的利益，为了要用它的人。
03:08
If we take the toothbrush -- I don't think about the toothbrush.
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如果我们设计牙刷—我并不去想牙刷。
03:13
I think, "What will be the effect of the brush in the mouth?"
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我想，「牙刷在嘴里的作用将是什么？」
03:18
And to understand what will be the effect of the toothbrush in the mouth,
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为了明白牙刷在嘴里的作用是什么，
03:23
I must imagine: Who owns this mouth?
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我必须想象：谁拥有这张嘴？
03:27
What is the life of the owner of this mouth? In what society [does] this guy live?
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嘴的主人的生活如何？这家伙生活的社会怎样？
03:33
What civilization creates this society?
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怎样的文明创造了这个社会？
03:38
What animal species creates this civilization?
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哪种动物创造了这个文明？
03:42
When I arrive -- and I take one minute, I am not so intelligent --
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当我到达时—我花一分钟, 我不够聪明，
03:47
when I arrive at the level of animal species, that becomes real interesting.
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当我到达动物种类的层级时，那变得真是有趣。
03:52
Me, I have strictly no power to change anything.
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我根本毫无权力改变任何东西。
03:57
But when I come back, I can understand why I shall not do it,
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但当我回来时，我能理解为何我不该做它，
04:02
because today to not do it, it's more positive than do it, or how I shall do it.
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因为今天不去做它，比做它或如何做还正面。
04:10
But to come back, where I am at the animal species, there is things to see.
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但是回到刚才我在动物种类那里，有些事要看看。
04:17
There is things to see, there is the big challenge.
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有些事要看看，有一个大挑战。
04:20
The big challenge in front of us.
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我们面临的巨大挑战。
04:23
Because there is not a human production
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因为没有人道的生产
04:27
which exists outside of what I call "the big image."
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存在于我所谓的「大图像」之外。
04:32
The big image is our story, our poetry, our romanticism.
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「大图像」就是我们的故事，我们的诗，我们的浪漫。
04:37
Our poetry is our mutation, our life.
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我们的诗是我们的突变，我们的生命。
04:42
We must remember, and we can see that in any book of my son of 10 years old,
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我们要记住，我十岁儿子的书本中就看得到，
04:47
that life appears four billion years ago, around -- four billion point two?
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生命出现在四十亿年前—大约…四十二亿?
04:55
Voice offstage: Four point five.
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（台后：四十五亿）
04:56
Yes, point five, OK, OK, OK! (Laughter) I'm a designer,
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对，四十五亿，好，好，好！我是设计师，
05:01
that's all, of Christmas gifts.
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耶诞礼品设计师。
05:04
And before, there was this soup, called "soupe primordiale,"
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太初，有一种汤，叫做「原汤」，
05:09
this first soup -- bloop bloop bloop --
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这个原汤—噗鲁、噗鲁、噗鲁，
05:13
sort of dirty mud, no life, nothing.
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类似烂泥，没有生命，毫无一物。
05:16
So then -- pshoo-shoo -- lightning -- pshoo -- arrive --
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然后—噗咻、咻—闪电—噗咻—到达，
05:20
pshoo-shoo -- makes life -- bloop bloop -- and that dies.
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噗咻、咻—创造生命—噗鲁、噗鲁—归于沉寂。
05:23
Some million years after -- pshoo-shoo, bloop-bloop -- ah, wake up!
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几百万年后—噗咻、咻，噗鲁、噗鲁—啊，醒过来！
05:28
At the end, finally, that succeeds, and life appears.
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最后，终于成功了，生命出现了。
05:34
We was so, so stupid. The most stupid bacteria.
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我们仍是非常、非常笨。最笨的细菌。
05:41
Even, I think, we copy our way to reproduce, you know what I mean,
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我认为，我们甚至抄袭自己的生殖方式，你知道我的意思，
05:46
and something of -- oh no, forget it.
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还有其他的—喔，不，算了。
05:49
After, we become a fish; after, we become a frog;
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后来，我们变成鱼；后来，变成青蛙；
05:55
after, we become a monkey; after, we become what we are today: a super-monkey,
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后来，变成猴子；后来，变成今天的样子：超级猴子，
06:02
and the fun is, the super-monkey we are today, is at half of the story.
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好玩的是，今天我们是超级猴子，只是故事的一半。
06:09
Can you imagine? From that stupid bacteria to us,
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你能想象吗？从笨细菌到我们现在，
06:13
with a microphone, with a computer, with an iPod: four billion years.
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有麦克风、计算机、iPod—四十亿年。
06:19
And we know, and especially Carolyn knows, that when the sun will implode,
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而我们知道，尤其是 Carolyn，当太阳内爆，
06:27
the earth will burn, explode, I don't know what,
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地球会焚烧、爆炸，我也不知道，
06:31
and this is scheduled for four, four billion years?
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而这将发生在四十亿年后？
06:35
Yes, she said, something like that. OK, that means we are at half of the story.
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对，她说大约如此。好，那代表我们在故事一半的位置。
06:41
Fantastic! It's a beauty!
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奇妙呀！那真是美妙！
06:44
Can you imagine? It's very symbolic.
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你能想象吗？那很有象征意义。
06:46
Because the bacteria we was had no idea of what we are today.
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因为我们当初的细菌并不知道会有今天的我们。
06:51
And today, we have no idea of what we shall be in four billion years.
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而今天，我们也不知道四十亿年后会如何。
06:57
And this territory is fantastic.
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这个领域很奇妙。
07:00
That is our poetry. That is our beautiful story.
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这是我们的诗。这是我们美妙的故事。
07:05
It's our romanticism. Mu-ta-tion. We are mutants.
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它是我们的浪漫。突变。我们是突变种。
07:10
And if we don't deeply understand, if we don't integrate that we are mutants,
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如果我们不深深理解，如果我们不整合身为突变种，
07:17
we completely miss the story.
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我们就完全错失了这个故事。
07:20
Because every generation thinks we are the final one.
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因为每个世代认为自己是最后一代。
07:24
We have a way to look at Earth like that, you know,
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我们以这种方式看地球：
07:27
"I am the man. The final man.
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「我是人类。终极人类。
07:31
You know, we mutate during four billion years before, but now, because it's me, we stop. Fin. (Laughter)
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之前我们突变了四十亿年，现在因为是我，我们停止、结束。
07:37
For the end, for the eternity, it is one with a red jacket."
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到了终点，到了永恒，就是身穿红色夹克。」
07:43
Something like that. I am not sure of that. (Laughter)
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类似这样。我也不确定。
07:48
Because that is our intelligence of mutation and things like that.
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因为那是我们突变的智慧及类似的事。
07:54
There is so many things to do; it's so fresh.
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有许多事要做，都很新鲜。
07:58
And here is something: nobody is obliged to be a genius,
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像这样的事：没有人注定是天才，
08:06
but everybody is obliged to participate.
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但每个人注定要参与。
08:09
And to participate, for a mutant, there is a minimum of exercise, a minimum of sport.
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突变种要参与，有一项至少的活动，至少的运动。
08:16
We can say that.
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我们可以这样说。
08:18
The first, if you want -- there is so many --
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首先，如果你愿意—太多了，
08:20
but one which is very easy to do, is the duty of vision.
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但有一项很简单的，就是视觉任务。
08:26
I can explain you. I shall try.
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我可以解释，我来试试。
08:29
If you walk like that, it's OK, it's OK, you can walk,
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如果你这样走路，没问题，你可以走。
08:38
but perhaps, because you walk with the eyes like that, you will not see, oh, there is a hole.
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但是，如果你走路时眼睛像这样，你将看不到，喔，有个坑。
08:44
And you will fall, and you will die. Dangerous.
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你就会跌倒，会死掉。很危险。
08:47
That's why, perhaps, you will try to have this angle of vision.
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也就是为什么，或许你将试着采取这个视角。
08:53
OK, I can see, if I found something, up, up, and they continue, up up up.
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好。如果看到有东西，闪、闪，然后继续，闪、闪、闪。
09:00
I raise the angle of vision, but it's still very -- selfish, selfish, egoiste -- yes, selfish.
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我提高视角，但那仍很—自私、自我—是的，自私。
09:09
You, you survive. It's OK.
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你可以生存，没问题。
09:12
If you raise the level of your eyes a little more you go,
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如果你把视线水平提高些再走，
09:18
"I see you, oh my God you are here, how are you, I can help you,
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「我看到你，天哪你在这里，你好吗，我能帮你，
09:22
I can design for you a new toothbrush, new toilet brush," something like that.
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我可以为你设计一把新牙刷，新马桶刷」，像这样。
09:27
I live in society; I live in community.
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我住在社会，我住在小区。
09:31
It's OK. You start to be in the territory of intelligence, we can say.
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没问题。我们可以说，你开始进入智慧的领域。
09:39
From this level, the more you can raise this angle of view,
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从这个水平，你的视角提得愈高，
09:46
the more you will be important for the society.
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你对社会就愈重要。
09:50
The more you will rise, the more you will be important for the civilization.
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你提得愈高，你对文明就愈重要。
09:55
The more you will rise, to see far and high, like that,
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你提得愈高，看得高而远，像这样，
10:01
the more you will be important for the story of our mutation.
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你对我们突变的故事就愈重要。
10:05
That means intelligent people are in this angle. That is intelligence.
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这意味着有智慧的人们在这个角度。这是智慧。
10:12
From this to here, that, it's genius.
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从这里到这里，这是天才。
10:16
Ptolemy, Eratosthenes, Einstein, things like that.
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托勒密、埃拉托斯特尼、爱因斯坦、等等。
10:20
Nobody's obliged to be a genius.
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没有人注定是天才。
10:22
It's better, but nobody.
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那样比较好，但是没有人。
10:25
Take care, in this training, to be a good mutant.
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在这项训练中，要小心做个好的突变种.
10:31
There is some danger, there is some trap. One trap: the vertical.
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有一些危险，有一些陷阱。一个陷阱：垂直的。
10:35
Because at the vertical of us, if you look like that,
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因为垂直于我们，如果你这样看，
10:38
"Ah! my God, there is God. Ah! God!"
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「啊！天哪，那是神。啊！神！」
10:41
God is a trap. God is the answer when we don't know the answer.
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神是个陷阱。当我们不知答案时，神是答案。
10:48
That means, when your brain is not enough big, when you don't understand,
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就是说，当你的头脑不够大，当你不了解。
10:56
you go, "Ah, it's God, it's God." That's ridiculous.
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你会说，「啊！是神，是神」。那很荒谬。
10:59
That's why -- jump, like that? No, don't jump.
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就是为什么—跳，像这样？不，不要跳。
11:03
Come back. Because, after, there is another trap.
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回来。因为后来，还有另一个陷阱。
11:06
If you look like that, you look to the past,
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如果你那样看，你看的是过去。
11:09
or you look inside if you are very flexible, inside yourself.
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或你向内看，如果你很柔软，看自己的内部。
11:13
It's called schizophrenia, and you are dead also.
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那叫「精神分裂症」，你也就死定了。
11:16
That's why every morning, now, because you are a good mutant,
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因此每天早上，因为你是个好的突变种，
11:21
you will raise your angle of view.
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你将提高你的视角。
11:25
Out, more of the horizontal. You are an intelligence.
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向外，更向地平线。你是个智者。
11:29
Never forget -- like that, like that.
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不要忘了—像这样，像这样。
11:32
It's very, very, very important.
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这非常、非常、非常重要。
11:35
What, what else we can say about that? Why do that?
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还有什么我们能说的。为什么要那样做？
11:44
It's because we -- if we look from far, we see our line of evolution.
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因为我们—如果我们从远处看，我们看到演化的路线。
11:55
This line of evolution is clearly positive.
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这条演化的路线清楚地是正向的。
12:00
From far, this line looks very smooth, like that.
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从远方看，这条线是平顺的，像这样。
12:04
But if you take a lens, like that, this line is ack, ack, ack, ack, ack. Like that.
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但如果你用放大镜，像这样，这条线就曲、折、曲、折。像这样。
12:11
It's made of light and shadow.
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它是由光亮和阴影构成的。
12:16
We can say light is civilization, shadow is barbaria.
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我们可说：光亮是文明，阴影是野蛮。
12:20
And it's very important to know where we are.
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重要的是要知道我们是在哪里。
12:23
Because some cycle, there is a spot in the cycle,
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因为某个循环，循环中有个点。
12:29
and you have not the same duty in the different parts of the cycle.
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而在循环的不同部分，你的职责不同。
12:35
That means, we can imagine -- I don't say it was fantastic,
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就是说，我们可以想象—我可没说这很神奇，
12:41
but in the '80s, there was not too much war, like that, it was --
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但在 '80 年代，没有太多像那样的战争，因此—
12:48
we can imagine that the civilization can become civilized.
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我们能想象：文明可以变得有教养。
12:55
In this case, people like me are acceptable.
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这样情形下，像我这样的人可被接受。
12:59
We can say, "It's luxurious time."
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我们可说，「那是奢华时代」。
13:02
We have time to think, we have time to I don't know what,
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我们有时间去思考，我们有时间去…
13:06
speak about art and things like that.
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谈谈艺术及诸如此类的事物。
13:08
It's OK. We are in the light.
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那很好。我们在光亮处。
13:11
But sometimes, like today, we fall, we fall so fast, so fast to shadow, we fall so fast to barbaria.
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但有时，像今天，我们落下，快速落下，落入阴影中，快速落入野蛮。
13:22
With many, many, many, many face of barbaria.
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呈现许许多多、许许多多的野蛮面貌。
13:27
Because it's not, the barbaria we have today, it's perhaps not the barbaria we think.
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因为那不是我们今天的野蛮，那或许不是我们想象的野蛮。
13:34
There is different type of barbaria.
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有不同种类的野蛮。
13:36
That's why we must adapt.
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因此我们必须调适。
13:39
That means, when barbaria is back, forget the beautiful chairs, forget the beautiful hotel,
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就是说，当回到野蛮时，忘掉漂亮椅子，忘掉漂亮旅馆，
13:49
forget design, even -- I'm sorry to say -- forget art.
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忘掉设计，甚至也要忘掉艺术。
13:52
Forget all that. There is priority; there is urgency.
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全都忘掉吧。有更优先的、更急迫的。
13:56
You must go back to politics, you must go back to radicalization,
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你必须回到政治，你必得回到激进，
14:00
I'm sorry if that's not very English.
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对不起，这不很像英文。
14:03
You must go back to fight, to battle.
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你必得回去打斗、争战。
14:05
That's why today I'm so ashamed to make this job.
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因为这样，如今我羞于做这件事。
14:09
That's why I am here, to try to do it the best possible.
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因此我来这里，尽我所能做它。
14:14
But I know that even I do it the best possible
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但我心知，即使我尽我所能做它
14:18
-- that's why I'm the best -- it's nothing.
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—因此我是最好的—那也没什么。
14:20
Because it's not the right time.
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因为时机不对。
14:22
That's why I say that. I say that, because, I repeat, nothing exist if it's not in the good reason,
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因此我才这样说。东西不应存在，如果没有好的理由，
14:33
the reason of our beautiful dream, of this civilization.
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—我们的美丽梦想，此一文明的理由。
14:38
And because we must all work to finish this story.
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因为我们全须去完成这个故事。
14:44
Because the scenario of this civilization
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因为此一文明的剧情
14:48
-- about love, progress, and things like that -- it's OK,
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关于爱情、进步、等等—这没问题，
14:52
but there is so many different, other scenarios of other civilizations.
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但仍有许多其他不同的，其他文明的其他剧情。
14:58
This scenario, of this civilization, was about becoming powerful, intelligent,
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这个文明的剧情是关于变得强盛、变得有智慧，
15:07
like this idea we have invented, this concept of God.
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就如同这个想法，我们创造了神的概念。
15:11
We are God now. We are. It's almost done.
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现在我们是神。我们是。将要完成了。
15:15
We have just to finish the story.
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我们就要完成故事。
15:17
That is very, very important.
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这非常、非常重要。
15:19
And when you don't understand really what's happened,
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当你不真正明白出了什么事，
15:23
you cannot go and fight and work and build and things like that.
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你无法前进，去打斗、工作、建设、等等。
15:29
You go to the future back, back, back, back, like that.
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你走向的未来是：退、退、退、退，像这样。
15:34
And you can fall, and it's very dangerous.
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你可能跌倒，那很危险。
15:36
No, you must really understand that.
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不，你必须真正明白那个。
15:40
Because we have almost finished, I'll repeat this story.
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因为我们几乎要完成了，我将重复这个故事。
15:44
And the beauty of this, in perhaps 50 years, 60 years, we can finish completely this civilization,
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其美在于，或许再 50、60 年，我们能全部完成这个文明。
15:53
and offer to our children the possibility to invent a new story,
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交给我们的孩子，让他们能够再创新的故事、
16:00
a new poetry, a new romanticism.
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新的诗篇、新的浪漫。
16:02
With billions of people who have been born, worked, lived and died before us,
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我们之前，有几十亿人出生、工作、生活、死亡，
16:10
these people who have worked so much,
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这些人工作勤奋，
16:12
we have now bring beautiful things, beautiful gifts, we know so many things.
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现在我们有漂亮事物、漂亮礼品，我们懂那么多事。
16:19
We can say to our children, OK, done, that was our story. That passed.
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我们可以告诉我们的小孩，好，完成了，这是我们的故事。过去了。
16:26
Now you have a duty: invent a new story. Invent a new poetry.
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现在你有个职责：发明新的故事。发明新的诗。
16:32
The only rule is, we have not to have any idea about the next story.
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唯一规则是，我们不必有关于下个故事的任何想法。
16:39
We give you white pages. Invent.
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我们给你白纸。发明吧。
16:44
We give you the best tools, the best tools, and now, do it.
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我们给你最好的工具，最好的工具，现在就用它。
16:52
That's why I continue to work, even if it's for toilet brush.
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因此我继续工作，就算只是设计马桶刷。
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Philippe Starck - DesignerPhilippe Starck designs deluxe objects and posh condos and hotels around the world. Always witty and engaged, he takes special delight in rethinking everyday objects.
Why you should listen
Philippe Starck is a legend of modern design. He's known for his luxurious hotels and boites around the world -- notably the Peninsula Hotel restaurant in Hong Kong, the Teatron in Mexico, the Hotel Delano in Miami, the Mondrian in Los Angeles, the Asia de Cuba restaurant in New York -- designing the total environment from layout to furniture to linens.
But he has made perhaps his most permanent mark on design through his bold reworkings of everyday objects. In reimagining and rethinking the quotidian, he has produced some of the iconic shapes of the 20th century, including his leggy chrome juice squeezer , the reimagined Emeco aluminum chairs, and the witty Louis Ghost polycarbonate fauteuil.
When Starck turns his bold vision toward a chair, a shoe, a toothbrush, it's clear he thinks deeper than the glossy surface.
Philippe Starck | Speaker | TED.com