TED2007
Philippe Starck: Design and destiny
Philippe Starck 對設計的深入思考
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設計師 Philippe Starck——沒有秀什麼漂亮幻燈片——以 18 分鐘追根究底探索「為什麼要設計？」 這個問題。不論是不是天才，讓我們一起用心傾聽一首完美的頌歌。
Philippe Starck - Designer
Philippe Starck designs deluxe objects and posh condos and hotels around the world. Always witty and engaged, he takes special delight in rethinking everyday objects. Full bio
Philippe Starck designs deluxe objects and posh condos and hotels around the world. Always witty and engaged, he takes special delight in rethinking everyday objects. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
You will understand nothing with my type of English.
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你們將很難聽懂我的英文。
00:17
It's good for you because you can have a break after all these fantastic people.
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也好，聽過這些奇妙的人演講，你們可以休息一下。
00:26
I must tell you I am like that, not very comfortable,
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我必須承認，我覺得也不是很自在，
00:31
because usually, in life, I think my job is absolutely useless.
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因為生活中，通常我覺得我的工作毫無用處。
00:37
I mean, I feel useless.
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就是說，我覺得很沒有用。
00:41
Now after Carolyn, and all the other guys, I feel like shit.
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現在，在 Carolyn 和其他人演講之後，我覺得很「遜」。
00:49
And definitively, I don't know why I am here,
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說實在的，我搞不懂為什麼我來了，
00:56
but -- you know the nightmare you can have, like you are an impostor,
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但是，你知道就像一場噩夢，像個冒名頂替者，
01:00
you arrive at the opera, and they push you, "You must sing!"
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被推上歌劇舞台，「你就唱吧！」
01:04
I don't know. (Laughter)
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我不知如何是好。
01:07
So, so, because I have nothing to show, nothing to say,
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所以，所以，因為我沒有什麼好秀，也沒有什麼好說，
01:16
we shall try to speak about something else.
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我們就來談談其他事。
01:20
We can start, if you want, by understanding --
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如果你願意，我們可以來了解一下——
01:23
it's just to start, it's not interesting, but -- how I work.
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只是開頭，不很有趣，就是——我如何工作。
01:28
When somebody comes to me and ask for what I am known,
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當有人來找我，請我做我知名的設計，
01:35
I mean, yes, lemon squeezer, toilet brush, toothpick, beautiful toilet seats,
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像檸檬搾汁器、馬桶刷、牙籤、漂亮馬桶墊，
01:44
and why not -- a toothbrush?
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何不也設計一把牙刷。
01:46
I don't try to design the toothbrush.
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我並不試著去設計牙刷。
01:51
I don't try to say, "Oh, that will be a beautiful object," or something like that.
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也不會試著說，「喔，那將是個美好的物品」，或這類的話。
01:54
That doesn't interest me.
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那引不起我的興趣。
01:55
Because there is different types of design.
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因為有不同類型的設計。
01:58
The one, we can call it the cynical design,
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有一種我們可叫做「媚俗設計」，
02:03
that means the design invented by Raymond Loewy in the '50s,
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由 Raymond Loewy 在 '50 年代創始的，
02:06
who said, what is ugly is a bad sale, la laideur se vend mal, which is terrible.
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他說：醜物賣不好 (la laideur se vend mal)，很可怕。
02:13
It means the design must be just the weapon for marketing,
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就是說，設計只是行銷的武器，
02:18
for producer to make product more sexy, like that,
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讓製造者把產品做得更性感，
02:22
they sell more: it's shit, it's obsolete, it's ridiculous.
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可以賣更多，那是狗屎，過時了，荒謬極了。
02:26
I call that the cynical design.
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我叫它「媚俗設計」。
02:30
After, there is the narcissistic design:
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後來，出現了「自戀設計」：
02:35
it's a fantastic designer who designs only for other fantastic designers. (Laughter)
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奇妙設計師設計給其他奇妙設計師。
02:42
After, there is people like me, who try to deserve to exist,
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後來有像我這樣的人，想找到存在的價值，
02:48
and who are so ashamed to make this useless job, who try to do it in another way,
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並羞於做這種無用的工作，試著找另個方式，
02:56
and they try, I try, to not make the object for the object but for the result,
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他們試，我也試，設計物品不是為了物品，而是為了結果，
03:03
for the profit for the human being, the person who will use it.
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為了人類的利益，為了要用它的人。
03:08
If we take the toothbrush -- I don't think about the toothbrush.
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如果我們設計牙刷——我並不去想牙刷。
03:13
I think, "What will be the effect of the brush in the mouth?"
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我想，「牙刷在嘴裡的作用將是什麼？」
03:18
And to understand what will be the effect of the toothbrush in the mouth,
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為了明白牙刷在嘴裡的作用是什麼，
03:23
I must imagine: Who owns this mouth?
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我必須想像：誰擁有這張嘴？
03:27
What is the life of the owner of this mouth? In what society [does] this guy live?
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嘴的主人的生活如何？這傢伙生活的社會怎樣？
03:33
What civilization creates this society?
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怎樣的文明創造了這個社會？
03:38
What animal species creates this civilization?
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哪種動物創造了這個文明？
03:42
When I arrive -- and I take one minute, I am not so intelligent --
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當我到達時——我花一分鐘, 我不夠聰明——
03:47
when I arrive at the level of animal species, that becomes real interesting.
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當我到達動物種類的層級時，那變得真是有趣。
03:52
Me, I have strictly no power to change anything.
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我根本毫無權力改變任何東西。
03:57
But when I come back, I can understand why I shall not do it,
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但當我回來時，我能理解為何我不該做它，
04:02
because today to not do it, it's more positive than do it, or how I shall do it.
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因為今天不去做它，比做它或如何做還正面。
04:10
But to come back, where I am at the animal species, there is things to see.
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但是回到剛才我在動物種類那裡，有些事要看看。
04:17
There is things to see, there is the big challenge.
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有些事要看看，有一個大挑戰。
04:20
The big challenge in front of us.
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我們面臨的巨大挑戰。
04:23
Because there is not a human production
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因為沒有人道的生產
04:27
which exists outside of what I call "the big image."
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存在於我所謂的「大圖像」之外。
04:32
The big image is our story, our poetry, our romanticism.
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「大圖像」就是我們的故事，我們的詩，我們的浪漫。
04:37
Our poetry is our mutation, our life.
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我們的詩是我們的突變，我們的生命。
04:42
We must remember, and we can see that in any book of my son of 10 years old,
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我們要記住，我十歲兒子的書本中就看得到，
04:47
that life appears four billion years ago, around -- four billion point two?
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生命出現在四十億年前——大約…四十二億?
04:55
Voice offstage: Four point five.
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（台後：四十五億）
04:56
Yes, point five, OK, OK, OK! (Laughter) I'm a designer,
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對，四十五億，好，好，好！我是設計師，
05:01
that's all, of Christmas gifts.
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耶誕禮品設計師。
05:04
And before, there was this soup, called "soupe primordiale,"
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太初，有一種湯，叫做「原湯」，
05:09
this first soup -- bloop bloop bloop --
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這個原湯——噗魯、噗魯、噗魯——
05:13
sort of dirty mud, no life, nothing.
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類似爛泥，沒有生命，毫無一物。
05:16
So then -- pshoo-shoo -- lightning -- pshoo -- arrive --
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然後——噗咻、咻——閃電——噗咻——到達——
05:20
pshoo-shoo -- makes life -- bloop bloop -- and that dies.
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噗咻、咻——創造生命——噗魯、噗魯——歸於沉寂。
05:23
Some million years after -- pshoo-shoo, bloop-bloop -- ah, wake up!
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幾百萬年後——噗咻、咻，噗魯、噗魯——啊，醒過來！
05:28
At the end, finally, that succeeds, and life appears.
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最後，終於成功了，生命出現了。
05:34
We was so, so stupid. The most stupid bacteria.
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我們仍是非常、非常笨。最笨的細菌。
05:41
Even, I think, we copy our way to reproduce, you know what I mean,
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我認為，我們甚至抄襲自己的生殖方式，你知道我的意思，
05:46
and something of -- oh no, forget it.
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還有其他的——喔，不，算了。
05:49
After, we become a fish; after, we become a frog;
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後來，我們變成魚；後來，變成青蛙；
05:55
after, we become a monkey; after, we become what we are today: a super-monkey,
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後來，變成猴子；後來，變成今天的樣子：超級猴子，
06:02
and the fun is, the super-monkey we are today, is at half of the story.
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好玩的是，今天我們是超級猴子，只是故事的一半。
06:09
Can you imagine? From that stupid bacteria to us,
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你能想像嗎？從笨細菌到我們現在，
06:13
with a microphone, with a computer, with an iPod: four billion years.
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有麥克風、電腦、iPod——四十億年。
06:19
And we know, and especially Carolyn knows, that when the sun will implode,
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而我們知道，尤其是 Carolyn，當太陽內爆，
06:27
the earth will burn, explode, I don't know what,
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地球會焚燒、爆炸，我也不知道，
06:31
and this is scheduled for four, four billion years?
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而這將發生在四十億年後？
06:35
Yes, she said, something like that. OK, that means we are at half of the story.
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對，她說大約如此。好，那代表我們在故事一半的位置。
06:41
Fantastic! It's a beauty!
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奇妙呀！那真是美妙！
06:44
Can you imagine? It's very symbolic.
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你能想像嗎？那很有象徵意義。
06:46
Because the bacteria we was had no idea of what we are today.
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因為我們當初的細菌並不知道會有今天的我們。
06:51
And today, we have no idea of what we shall be in four billion years.
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而今天，我們也不知道四十億年後會如何。
06:57
And this territory is fantastic.
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這個領域很奇妙。
07:00
That is our poetry. That is our beautiful story.
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這是我們的詩。這是我們美妙的故事。
07:05
It's our romanticism. Mu-ta-tion. We are mutants.
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它是我們的浪漫。突變。我們是突變種。
07:10
And if we don't deeply understand, if we don't integrate that we are mutants,
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如果我們不深深理解，如果我們不整合身為突變種，
07:17
we completely miss the story.
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我們就完全錯失了這個故事。
07:20
Because every generation thinks we are the final one.
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因為每個世代認為自己是最後一代。
07:24
We have a way to look at Earth like that, you know,
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我們以這種方式看地球：
07:27
"I am the man. The final man.
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｢我是人類。終極人類。
07:31
You know, we mutate during four billion years before, but now, because it's me, we stop. Fin. (Laughter)
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之前我們突變了四十億年，現在因為是我，我們停止、結束。
07:37
For the end, for the eternity, it is one with a red jacket."
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到了終點，到了永恆，就是身穿紅色夾克。｣
07:43
Something like that. I am not sure of that. (Laughter)
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類似這樣。我也不確定。
07:48
Because that is our intelligence of mutation and things like that.
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因為那是我們突變的智慧及類似的事。
07:54
There is so many things to do; it's so fresh.
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有許多事要做，都很新鮮。
07:58
And here is something: nobody is obliged to be a genius,
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像這樣的事：沒有人注定是天才，
08:06
but everybody is obliged to participate.
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但每個人注定要參與。
08:09
And to participate, for a mutant, there is a minimum of exercise, a minimum of sport.
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突變種要參與，有一項至少的活動，至少的運動。
08:16
We can say that.
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我們可以這樣說。
08:18
The first, if you want -- there is so many --
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首先，如果你願意——太多了——
08:20
but one which is very easy to do, is the duty of vision.
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但有一項很簡單的，就是視覺任務。
08:26
I can explain you. I shall try.
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我可以解釋，我來試試。
08:29
If you walk like that, it's OK, it's OK, you can walk,
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如果你這樣走路，沒問題，你可以走。
08:38
but perhaps, because you walk with the eyes like that, you will not see, oh, there is a hole.
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但是，如果你走路時眼睛像這樣，你將看不到，喔，有個坑。
08:44
And you will fall, and you will die. Dangerous.
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你就會跌倒，會死掉。很危險。
08:47
That's why, perhaps, you will try to have this angle of vision.
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也就是為什麼，或許你將試著採取這個視角。
08:53
OK, I can see, if I found something, up, up, and they continue, up up up.
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好。如果看到有東西，閃、閃，然後繼續，閃、閃、閃。
09:00
I raise the angle of vision, but it's still very -- selfish, selfish, egoiste -- yes, selfish.
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我提高視角，但那仍很——自私、自我——是的，自私。
09:09
You, you survive. It's OK.
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你可以生存，沒問題。
09:12
If you raise the level of your eyes a little more you go,
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如果你把視線水平提高些再走，
09:18
"I see you, oh my God you are here, how are you, I can help you,
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「我看到你，天哪你在這裡，你好嗎，我能幫你，
09:22
I can design for you a new toothbrush, new toilet brush," something like that.
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我可以為你設計一把新牙刷，新馬桶刷」，像這樣。
09:27
I live in society; I live in community.
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我住在社會，我住在社區。
09:31
It's OK. You start to be in the territory of intelligence, we can say.
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沒問題。我們可以說，你開始進入智慧的領域。
09:39
From this level, the more you can raise this angle of view,
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從這個水平，你的視角提得愈高，
09:46
the more you will be important for the society.
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你對社會就愈重要。
09:50
The more you will rise, the more you will be important for the civilization.
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你提得愈高，你對文明就愈重要。
09:55
The more you will rise, to see far and high, like that,
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你提得愈高，看得高而遠，像這樣，
10:01
the more you will be important for the story of our mutation.
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你對我們突變的故事就愈重要。
10:05
That means intelligent people are in this angle. That is intelligence.
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這意味著有智慧的人們在這個角度。這是智慧。
10:12
From this to here, that, it's genius.
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從這裡到這裡，這是天才。
10:16
Ptolemy, Eratosthenes, Einstein, things like that.
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托勒密、埃拉托斯特尼、愛因斯坦、等等。
10:20
Nobody's obliged to be a genius.
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沒有人注定是天才。
10:22
It's better, but nobody.
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那樣比較好，但是沒有人。
10:25
Take care, in this training, to be a good mutant.
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在這項訓練中，要小心做個好的突變種.
10:31
There is some danger, there is some trap. One trap: the vertical.
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有一些危險，有一些陷阱。一個陷阱：垂直的。
10:35
Because at the vertical of us, if you look like that,
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因為垂直於我們，如果你這樣看，
10:38
"Ah! my God, there is God. Ah! God!"
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「啊！天哪，那是神。啊！神！」
10:41
God is a trap. God is the answer when we don't know the answer.
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神是個陷阱。當我們不知答案時，神是答案。
10:48
That means, when your brain is not enough big, when you don't understand,
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就是說，當你的頭腦不夠大，當你不了解。
10:56
you go, "Ah, it's God, it's God." That's ridiculous.
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你會說，「啊！是神，是神」。那很荒謬。
10:59
That's why -- jump, like that? No, don't jump.
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就是為什麼——跳，像這樣？不，不要跳。
11:03
Come back. Because, after, there is another trap.
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回來。因為後來，還有另一個陷阱。
11:06
If you look like that, you look to the past,
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如果你那樣看，你看的是過去。
11:09
or you look inside if you are very flexible, inside yourself.
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或你向內看，如果你很柔軟，看自己的內部。
11:13
It's called schizophrenia, and you are dead also.
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那叫「精神分裂症」，你也就死定了。
11:16
That's why every morning, now, because you are a good mutant,
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因此每天早上，因為你是個好的突變種，
11:21
you will raise your angle of view.
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你將提高你的視角。
11:25
Out, more of the horizontal. You are an intelligence.
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向外，更向地平線。你是個智者。
11:29
Never forget -- like that, like that.
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不要忘了——像這樣，像這樣。
11:32
It's very, very, very important.
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這非常、非常、非常重要。
11:35
What, what else we can say about that? Why do that?
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還有什麼我們能說的。為什麼要那樣做？
11:44
It's because we -- if we look from far, we see our line of evolution.
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因為我們——如果我們從遠處看，我們看到演化的路線。
11:55
This line of evolution is clearly positive.
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這條演化的路線清楚地是正向的。
12:00
From far, this line looks very smooth, like that.
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從遠方看，這條線是平順的，像這樣。
12:04
But if you take a lens, like that, this line is ack, ack, ack, ack, ack. Like that.
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但如果你用放大鏡，像這樣，這條線就曲、折、曲、折。像這樣。
12:11
It's made of light and shadow.
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它是由光亮和陰影構成的。
12:16
We can say light is civilization, shadow is barbaria.
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我們可說：光亮是開化，陰影是野蠻。
12:20
And it's very important to know where we are.
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重要的是要知道我們是在哪裡。
12:23
Because some cycle, there is a spot in the cycle,
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因為某個循環，循環中有個點。
12:29
and you have not the same duty in the different parts of the cycle.
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而在循環的不同部分，你的職責不同。
12:35
That means, we can imagine -- I don't say it was fantastic,
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就是說，我們可以想像——我可沒說這很神奇，
12:41
but in the '80s, there was not too much war, like that, it was --
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但在 '80 年代，沒有太多像那樣的戰爭，因此——
12:48
we can imagine that the civilization can become civilized.
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我們能想像：文明可以變得有教養。
12:55
In this case, people like me are acceptable.
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這樣情形下，像我這樣的人可被接受。
12:59
We can say, "It's luxurious time."
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我們可說，「那是奢華時代」。
13:02
We have time to think, we have time to I don't know what,
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我們有時間去思考，我們有時間去…
13:06
speak about art and things like that.
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談談藝術及諸如此類的事物。
13:08
It's OK. We are in the light.
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那很好。我們在光亮處。
13:11
But sometimes, like today, we fall, we fall so fast, so fast to shadow, we fall so fast to barbaria.
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但有時，像今天，我們落下，快速落下，落入影中，快速落入野蠻。
13:22
With many, many, many, many face of barbaria.
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呈現許許多多、許許多多的野蠻面貌。
13:27
Because it's not, the barbaria we have today, it's perhaps not the barbaria we think.
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因為那不是我們今天的野蠻，那或許不是我們想像的野蠻。
13:34
There is different type of barbaria.
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有不同種類的野蠻。
13:36
That's why we must adapt.
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因此我們必須調適。
13:39
That means, when barbaria is back, forget the beautiful chairs, forget the beautiful hotel,
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就是說，當回到野蠻時，忘掉漂亮椅子，忘掉漂亮旅館，
13:49
forget design, even -- I'm sorry to say -- forget art.
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忘掉設計，甚至也要忘掉藝術。
13:52
Forget all that. There is priority; there is urgency.
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全都忘掉吧。有更優先的、更急迫的。
13:56
You must go back to politics, you must go back to radicalization,
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你必須回到政治，你必得回到激進，
14:00
I'm sorry if that's not very English.
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對不起，這不很像英文。
14:03
You must go back to fight, to battle.
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你必得回去打鬥、爭戰。
14:05
That's why today I'm so ashamed to make this job.
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因為這樣，如今我羞於做這件事。
14:09
That's why I am here, to try to do it the best possible.
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因此我來這裡，盡我所能做它。
14:14
But I know that even I do it the best possible
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但我心知，即使我盡我所能做它
14:18
-- that's why I'm the best -- it's nothing.
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——因此我是最好的——那也沒什麼。
14:20
Because it's not the right time.
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因為時機不對。
14:22
That's why I say that. I say that, because, I repeat, nothing exist if it's not in the good reason,
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因此我才這樣說。東西不應存在，如果沒有好的理由，
14:33
the reason of our beautiful dream, of this civilization.
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——我們的美麗夢想，此一文明的理由。
14:38
And because we must all work to finish this story.
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因為我們全須去完成這個故事。
14:44
Because the scenario of this civilization
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因為此一文明的劇情
14:48
-- about love, progress, and things like that -- it's OK,
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——關於愛情、進步、等等——這沒問題，
14:52
but there is so many different, other scenarios of other civilizations.
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但仍有許多其他不同的，其他文明的其他劇情。
14:58
This scenario, of this civilization, was about becoming powerful, intelligent,
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這個文明的劇情是關於變強、變得有智慧，
15:07
like this idea we have invented, this concept of God.
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就如同這個想法，我們創造了神的概念。
15:11
We are God now. We are. It's almost done.
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現在我們是神。我們是。將要完成了。
15:15
We have just to finish the story.
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我們就要完成故事。
15:17
That is very, very important.
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這非常、非常重要。
15:19
And when you don't understand really what's happened,
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當你不真正明白出了什麼事，
15:23
you cannot go and fight and work and build and things like that.
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你無法前進，去打鬥、工作、建設、等等。
15:29
You go to the future back, back, back, back, like that.
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你走向的未來是：退、退、退、退，像這樣。
15:34
And you can fall, and it's very dangerous.
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你可能跌倒，那很危險。
15:36
No, you must really understand that.
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不，你必須真正明白那個。
15:40
Because we have almost finished, I'll repeat this story.
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因為我們幾乎要完成了，我將重複這個故事。
15:44
And the beauty of this, in perhaps 50 years, 60 years, we can finish completely this civilization,
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其美在於，或許再 50、60 年，我們能全部完成這個文明。
15:53
and offer to our children the possibility to invent a new story,
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交給我們的孩子，讓他們能夠再創新的故事、
16:00
a new poetry, a new romanticism.
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新的詩篇、新的浪漫。
16:02
With billions of people who have been born, worked, lived and died before us,
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我們之前，有幾十億人出生、工作、生活、死亡，
16:10
these people who have worked so much,
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這些人工作勤奮，
16:12
we have now bring beautiful things, beautiful gifts, we know so many things.
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現在我們有漂亮事物、漂亮禮品，我們懂那麼多事。
16:19
We can say to our children, OK, done, that was our story. That passed.
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我們可以告訴我們的小孩，好，完成了，這是我們的故事。過去了。
16:26
Now you have a duty: invent a new story. Invent a new poetry.
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現在你有個職責：發明新的故事。發明新的詩。
16:32
The only rule is, we have not to have any idea about the next story.
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唯一規則是，我們不必有關於下個故事的任何想法。
16:39
We give you white pages. Invent.
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我們給你白紙。發明吧。
16:44
We give you the best tools, the best tools, and now, do it.
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我們給你最好的工具，最好的工具，現在就用它。
16:52
That's why I continue to work, even if it's for toilet brush.
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因此我繼續工作，就算只是設計馬桶刷。
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Philippe Starck - DesignerPhilippe Starck designs deluxe objects and posh condos and hotels around the world. Always witty and engaged, he takes special delight in rethinking everyday objects.
Why you should listen
Philippe Starck is a legend of modern design. He's known for his luxurious hotels and boites around the world -- notably the Peninsula Hotel restaurant in Hong Kong, the Teatron in Mexico, the Hotel Delano in Miami, the Mondrian in Los Angeles, the Asia de Cuba restaurant in New York -- designing the total environment from layout to furniture to linens.
But he has made perhaps his most permanent mark on design through his bold reworkings of everyday objects. In reimagining and rethinking the quotidian, he has produced some of the iconic shapes of the 20th century, including his leggy chrome juice squeezer , the reimagined Emeco aluminum chairs, and the witty Louis Ghost polycarbonate fauteuil.
When Starck turns his bold vision toward a chair, a shoe, a toothbrush, it's clear he thinks deeper than the glossy surface.
Philippe Starck | Speaker | TED.com