TED Salon: Radical Craft
Gabby Rivera: The story of Marvel's first queer Latina superhero
加比·里维拉: 漫威的第一个拉丁美洲裔酷儿超级英雄的故事
Filmed:
Readability: 4.1
1,420,948 views
借助漫威的《艾美莉卡·查韦斯》，加比·里维拉创作了一个新型的超级英雄，她能打出维度空间传送门，同时又能拥抱自己的温柔、愚蠢、柔和的一面。在这个有趣的演讲中，里维拉分享了作为一个波多黎各酷儿，她在布朗克斯的童年是如何影响并丰满了这个新故事。她展示了书中的图片，以揭示当超级英雄拥抱她的人性时会发生什么。正如她所说:“那种必须独自上路、必须独自坚强的神话，并不适合我们。”
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
At no point did I think superheroes
would become such a huge part of my life.
would become such a huge part of my life.
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我从没想过超级英雄会成为
我生命中如此重要的一部分。
我生命中如此重要的一部分。
00:21
As a kid, I looked at them,
and I saw everything I wasn't.
and I saw everything I wasn't.
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小时候当我看他们时，
我觉得我什么都不是。
我觉得我什么都不是。
00:25
They had big muscles,
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他们有大块的肌肉，
00:27
supermodel good looks,
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超模一样好看的长相，
00:28
and phenomenal cosmic powers.
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以及异于常人的无尽力量。
00:32
And me?
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而我呢？
00:34
I kind of looked like this,
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我看起来像这样，
00:36
except shorter and with frizzier hair,
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除了长得矮和一头卷发，
00:39
and I never felt powerful.
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我从未觉得自己强大。
00:43
I was always just one big ball
of nervous, soft energy,
of nervous, soft energy,
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我曾只是一个紧张的，
软弱的一个大球
软弱的一个大球
00:46
and superheroes,
much like the bullies at school,
much like the bullies at school,
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而超级英雄，
像是学校中的地痞流氓，
像是学校中的地痞流氓，
00:51
didn't seem to have
a lot of room for that, for me.
a lot of room for that, for me.
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对我来说，貌似没有太多的位置。
00:54
So I stayed away.
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所以，我远离他们。
00:57
And besides, who needs superheroes
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另外，当你周围都是来自布朗克斯区
00:59
when you're surrounded
by Puerto Rican women from the Bronx?
by Puerto Rican women from the Bronx?
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的波多黎各妇女时，
谁还需要超级英雄？
谁还需要超级英雄？
01:02
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
01:05
My tías were cops and paramedics,
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我的阿姨们是警察和医护人员，
01:08
my abuelas were seamstresses
and sold jewelry up the street,
and sold jewelry up the street,
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我的外婆是裁缝，奶奶沿街售卖珠宝，
01:12
and my mom got her master's degree
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而我妈妈有教育学的硕士学位
01:15
in education and taught kindergarten
in New York City public schools
in New York City public schools
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并且在纽约的公立学校的幼儿园
01:18
for over 30 years.
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教授有30多年之久。
01:20
So my superheroes were sitting
around the dinner table with me.
around the dinner table with me.
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所以我的超级英雄一直
都陪我围坐餐桌前。
都陪我围坐餐桌前。
01:24
And I don't know how much time
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我不知道你们有多少时间
01:25
you've spent with Puerto Rican
women from the Bronx,
women from the Bronx,
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和来自布朗克斯的
波多黎各妇女一起相处过，
波多黎各妇女一起相处过，
01:28
but we're also some
of the world's greatest storytellers.
of the world's greatest storytellers.
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但是我们都是这个世界上
最伟大的故事讲述者。
最伟大的故事讲述者。
01:33
And I'd sit there
at my grandmother's dining room table
at my grandmother's dining room table
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我经常会坐在外婆家的餐桌旁
01:37
and I'd listen to the women in my family
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听着我们家族的女人讲述
01:41
tell these wild, rambunctious tales
about navigating their lives in the Bronx.
about navigating their lives in the Bronx.
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那些关于她们在布朗克斯区
生活中狂野的故事。
生活中狂野的故事。
01:47
And I wanted to be them so bad.
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我很想成为她们。
01:50
But I wasn't tough like them either.
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但我却不像她们那样坚强。
01:52
So mostly, I listened,
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所以，多数时候，
我只是倾听，
我只是倾听，
01:54
and I soaked it in,
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并沉浸于其中，
01:56
and I found myself gravitating
to the soft threads in their stories,
to the soft threads in their stories,
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我发现我被故事中的
柔软思绪所吸引，
柔软思绪所吸引，
02:02
and I wrote those down.
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所以我把它们写下来。
02:04
The funny, the goofy, the gentle --
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有趣的，傻傻的，温柔的，
02:08
those were my in to storytelling,
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这就是我讲故事的方式，
02:12
so much so that I wrote
a young-adult novel
a young-adult novel
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内容如此之多以至于
我写了一本叫做
我写了一本叫做
02:16
called "Juliet Takes a Breath,"
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《朱丽叶喘口气》的青少年小说，
02:18
about a chubby, queer
Puerto Rican girl from the Bronx
Puerto Rican girl from the Bronx
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这是关于一个来自布朗克斯区
丰满的波多黎各酷儿女孩，
丰满的波多黎各酷儿女孩，
02:22
navigating sexuality, family and identity.
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她正探索自己的性取向，家庭和身份。
02:27
And on the strength of "Juliet,"
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拜《朱丽叶》所赐，
02:29
Marvel Comics tapped me
to write the solo series
to write the solo series
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漫威漫画委托我为他们第一任
拉丁美洲裔女同超级英雄
拉丁美洲裔女同超级英雄
02:33
for their first-ever
Latina lesbian superhero,
Latina lesbian superhero,
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单独写一个系列，
02:38
America Chavez.
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艾美莉卡·查韦斯。
02:40
Yeah!
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是的！
02:41
(Cheers)
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(欢呼)
02:43
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
02:45
Listen, OK.
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听着，
02:46
Created by Joe Casey and Nick Dragotta
for the Marvel miniseries "Vengeance,"
for the Marvel miniseries "Vengeance,"
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乔·凯西和尼克·德拉戈塔为漫威的
迷你系列《复仇》创造了她,
迷你系列《复仇》创造了她,
02:52
America Chavez has been
in the Marvel Universe
in the Marvel Universe
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艾美莉卡·查韦斯已经在漫威宇宙中
02:55
for over seven years.
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存在超过7年时间了。
02:57
She's tough, Latina,
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她是顽强的拉丁裔女人，
02:59
and she's so strong that she can punch
portals into other dimensions.
portals into other dimensions.
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她强大到可以打出
穿越其他维度空间之门。
穿越其他维度空间之门。
03:03
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
03:04
I know, right?
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我知道，对吧？
03:05
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
03:07
And people were so excited,
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人们非常激动，
03:08
because finally, someone who shared
her identities -- queer and Latina --
her identities -- queer and Latina --
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因为，最终有个与她相同身份的人
——酷儿和拉丁裔——
——酷儿和拉丁裔——
03:13
would be writing her story.
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来书写她的故事。
03:15
And I saw that, right?
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我也看到那点，对吧？
03:17
And also, when I looked at America,
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当我看着艾美莉卡时，
03:19
I saw a young Latina in survival mode.
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我看到一个年轻的拉丁裔女性
在求生存。
在求生存。
03:24
See, because her moms
had sacrificed themselves to the universe
had sacrificed themselves to the universe
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瞧，因为她的妈妈
在艾美莉卡孩提时牺牲自己
在艾美莉卡孩提时牺牲自己
03:27
when she was a kid,
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来挽救宇宙，
03:29
and she'd been on her own ever since.
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从那以后她都靠自己。
03:32
No wonder she had to be tough.
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难怪她必须坚强。
03:35
And that link, that link
of having to be tough,
of having to be tough,
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这个原因，这种让她坚强的原因
03:38
that rested heavy with me.
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确实让我很沉痛。
03:41
Like I said, I'm from the Bronx,
and the Bronx is tough,
and the Bronx is tough,
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如我所说，我来自布朗克斯，
布朗克斯这个地方很强悍，
布朗克斯这个地方很强悍，
03:44
tough like walking past sidewalk memorials
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强悍就比如是在去乘火车的路上，
03:47
and dodging cop towers
on your way to the train type of tough.
on your way to the train type of tough.
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要走过人行道纪念碑
和躲避警察塔一样的强悍。
和躲避警察塔一样的强悍。
03:51
When stuff happens that's bad,
people are like,
people are like,
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当坏的事情发生时，人们通常说，
03:54
"Yo, you gotta keep it moving.
You gotta keep trucking.
You gotta keep trucking.
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“你得动起来，你得继续前进。
别哭，别让这事情影响到你。”
03:56
Don't cry. Don't let it get to you."
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03:59
And my mom and my tías and my abuelas,
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我的妈妈，阿姨
还有我的外婆和奶奶，
还有我的外婆和奶奶，
04:02
I never saw them take a moment to rest
or to invest in self-care.
or to invest in self-care.
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我从未见到她们休息片刻
或者为自己的健康投资。
或者为自己的健康投资。
04:08
And their soft? It never left the house.
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而她们的柔弱？从未离开过家门。
04:13
And so that was the first thing
that I wanted to give to America,
that I wanted to give to America,
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所以这是我要给艾美莉卡
的第一件东西，
的第一件东西，
04:16
the thing that I wished I'd been able
to give to my abuelas and my tías,
to give to my abuelas and my tías,
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也是我希望我曾可以给我的
外婆和姑姑的东西，
外婆和姑姑的东西，
04:20
the thing that I'm trying
to give to my mom now:
to give to my mom now:
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也正是我现在想传达给
我妈妈的东西：
我妈妈的东西：
04:24
permission to be soft.
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可以变柔。
04:26
Like, it's OK to sit in silence
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就像，你完全可以沉默地坐着，
04:31
and go on a journey
just to discover yourself,
just to discover yourself,
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可以出去旅行只为发现你自己，
04:33
and your pain will make you
crumble and you will fall
crumble and you will fall
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你的疼痛会让你崩溃，让你摔倒，
04:36
and you will need to ask people for help,
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你需要向他人寻求帮助，
04:38
and that's OK,
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这都是可以的，
04:40
and that being vulnerable is good for us.
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有时，脆弱对我们来说是有好处的。
04:44
But see, I didn't come to all this
compassion and healing stuff
compassion and healing stuff
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但是，我并非平白无故就
04:47
like, you know, out of nowhere,
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想出这些有同情心和治愈的东西。
04:49
and so when it came to America's story,
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所以，当谈到艾美莉卡的故事时，
04:52
I wanted to give her the space
to be human, to mess up,
to be human, to mess up,
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我想要给她空间，让她可以
更人性，可以把事情弄糟，
更人性，可以把事情弄糟，
04:57
and to find soft on her own.
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并发现自己的柔软之处。
05:01
So she kind of had to quit her day job.
You know what I'm saying?
You know what I'm saying?
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所以她不得不辞掉工作。
你们知道我要说什么了吗？
你们知道我要说什么了吗？
05:04
I had to give her a superhero sabbatical,
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我必须要给她一个
超级英雄的假期，
超级英雄的假期，
05:07
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
05:08
and the first thing I did was enroll her
in Justice Sonia Sotomayor University.
in Justice Sonia Sotomayor University.
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我做的第一件事是让她上
索尼娅·索托马约尔大学。
索尼娅·索托马约尔大学。
05:13
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
05:17
(Applause)
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(掌声)
05:18
Because where else would she feel safe
and represented and liberated
and represented and liberated
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难道还有其它地方比这所
以第一位被提名为最高法院大法官的
以第一位被提名为最高法院大法官的
05:24
but a university dedicated
to the first Puerto Rican woman
to the first Puerto Rican woman
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波多黎各裔女性命名的大学
05:27
nominated to the Supreme Court
of the United States?
of the United States?
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更能让她感受到安全，
尊敬和自由的地方吗？
尊敬和自由的地方吗？
05:32
And her first class is "Intergalactic
Revolutionaries and You,"
Revolutionaries and You,"
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她的第一课是 “银河系革命和你”，
05:36
and America is so excited,
she's ready to show off her strength,
she's ready to show off her strength,
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艾美莉卡很激动，
她也准备好了展示自己的力量，
她也准备好了展示自己的力量，
05:40
she's ready to show off
her portal-punching skills,
her portal-punching skills,
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她也摆好了自己能够
打出传送门的技能，
打出传送门的技能，
05:43
(Laughter)
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(笑s声)
05:44
and I stripped that safety net
from her right away.
from her right away.
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但我立刻剥去了她身上那层安全网。
05:47
And I limited her powers,
and I changed up her location
and I changed up her location
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我限制她的力量，
然后我改变她的位置
然后我改变她的位置
05:50
and shook up her world,
because that is what college is like,
because that is what college is like,
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并且重组她的世界，
因为大学里就是这样。
因为大学里就是这样。
05:55
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
05:56
especially if you're alone.
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特别是当你孤身一人时。
05:59
But I didn't want America
to be alone for long,
to be alone for long,
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但是我不想艾美莉卡一直孤单，
06:03
and so in a homework assignment
gone totally wrong,
gone totally wrong,
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所以，在一次搞砸了家庭作业后，
06:06
she lands on a battlefield with the X-Men.
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她和X战警一起上了战场，
06:09
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
06:10
Because, when I was in college,
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因为，当我在大学时，
06:12
the Reverend Kelly Brown Douglas
was my mentor,
was my mentor,
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牧师凯利·布朗·道格拉斯
是我的导师，
是我的导师，
06:16
and I knew that America Chavez
needed one, too.
needed one, too.
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我知道艾美莉卡也需要一个导师。
06:21
And who better to mentor
America Chavez than Storm,
America Chavez than Storm,
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对艾美莉卡来说，
还有比暴风女更好的导师吗？
还有比暴风女更好的导师吗？
06:26
the first black female superhero
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她是第一位黑人女性超级英雄，
06:29
and one of the most powerful
members of the X-Men?
members of the X-Men?
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同样也是X战警中最强大的成员。
06:32
Nobody, that's who.
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还有谁？没人。
06:34
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
06:36
And Storm teaches America
how to quiet her mind
how to quiet her mind
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暴风女教导艾美莉卡
如何在一扇星际之门中
如何在一扇星际之门中
06:39
inside of a star portal,
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平静自己的心灵，
06:41
and when America quiets her mind,
she opens up the dimensions,
she opens up the dimensions,
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当艾美莉卡静下心时，
她打开了多维空间，
她打开了多维空间，
06:45
and in that silence,
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在那种静寂中，
06:46
she can listen for anything and anyone.
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她可以倾听任何事情，任何人。
06:52
And no one has ever offered her
silence and deep reflection
silence and deep reflection
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没人曾告诉她静寂和禅定
06:56
as a way to be powerful.
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可以让一个人强大。
06:59
And at first, she rejects it,
but with Storm's encouragement,
but with Storm's encouragement,
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一开始，她拒绝它，
但是在暴风女的鼓励下，
但是在暴风女的鼓励下，
07:03
it clicks,
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她成功了，
07:05
and America quiets the world around her,
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艾美莉卡让她周遭的世界平静下来，
07:09
and she leans into a deep vulnerability.
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她陷入了深深的脆弱中。
07:12
I mean, her and Storm even hug.
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我是说，她和暴风女甚至拥抱。
07:15
I know.
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我知道。
07:17
And that's because my mentors
loved me enough
loved me enough
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那是因为我的导师特别欣赏我
07:22
to encourage me to investigate
myself and my ancestors,
myself and my ancestors,
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并鼓励我探寻我自己和我的祖先，
07:26
and when you're 19,
how do you even know what that means?
how do you even know what that means?
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当你只有19岁的时，
你怎么会知道那是什么意思？
你怎么会知道那是什么意思？
07:30
I didn't learn about the history
of my people in college.
of my people in college.
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我并没有在大学中
学到我们族人的历史。
学到我们族人的历史。
07:34
I learned about the history of my people
sitting on my grandmother's lap
sitting on my grandmother's lap
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我是在我奶奶的的膝上了解到的，
07:38
when she pulled out the photo album
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我外婆会拿出来相册
07:40
and she named everyone that was here
and everyone still left on the island.
and everyone still left on the island.
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说出移民到这里的和
留在岛上的人的名字。
留在岛上的人的名字。
07:44
So obviously, I had to crash-land
a grandma on America Chavez,
a grandma on America Chavez,
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所以，显然，我需要给
艾美莉卡紧急空降一个外婆，
艾美莉卡紧急空降一个外婆，
07:49
and not just any grandma --
a big, strong, luchador grandma,
a big, strong, luchador grandma,
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不是个普通外婆——
得是个强壮高大的圣斗士外婆，
得是个强壮高大的圣斗士外婆，
07:54
one that loved her enough
to take her to the ancestral plain,
to take her to the ancestral plain,
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一个足够爱她并会把她
带回祖先星球的外婆，
带回祖先星球的外婆，
08:00
where America Chavez
could see the history of her people
could see the history of her people
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在那个星球上，
艾美莉卡在天空的呈现中
艾美莉卡在天空的呈现中
08:03
play out in the skies above.
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看到了她族人的历史。
08:07
And America gets to see Planeta Fuertona,
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也看到了 Fuertona 行星，
08:10
the birth planet of her grandmother,
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她外婆诞生的星球，
08:13
and she sees it get invaded,
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她看到了这个星球被入侵，
08:15
and she sees her grandmother
and her mom flee.
and her mom flee.
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她看到了自己的妈妈和外婆逃亡。
08:19
And she also sees the joy
that they experience
that they experience
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她看到了母亲和外婆
08:22
when their new homeland
accepts them openly
accepts them openly
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在新的家园受欢迎
并且得到极大帮助时，
并且得到极大帮助时，
08:26
and offers them tremendous care.
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她们所享受的欢乐。
08:29
She gets to see great pain
met with even greater compassion,
met with even greater compassion,
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她看到巨大的痛苦遇到
更巨大的同情，
更巨大的同情，
08:33
and that's right alongside
the tremendous strength of her family.
the tremendous strength of her family.
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这与她家庭的力量相辅相成。
08:39
And so everywhere that I could, right,
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所以，在任何地方
08:41
I wrote her little love notes
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我都会给她写下爱的小纸条，
08:44
for her and for all the other
queer kids of color
queer kids of color
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献给她还有其它想要变杰出
08:47
trying to be magnificent.
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有色种族的酷儿孩子们。
08:50
Like, when you lose yourself,
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就像，当你迷失自己时，
08:53
dig deep into your ancestry,
because you will find the pieces there.
because you will find the pieces there.
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不如深入探寻你的先辈们，
因为你将在那里找到片段。
因为你将在那里找到片段。
08:59
And also, reminders that soft
is not a pass to duck,
is not a pass to duck,
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同时记得，柔不是逃避的通行证
09:05
to hide, to be silent, to cower.
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也不是躲避，沉默和畏缩的理由。
09:09
Soft is also a push
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柔同样也是让我们坚守责任心
09:11
to hold ourselves accountable.
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的一种推动力。
09:14
Kind of like when America
lands in World War II
lands in World War II
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有点像艾美莉卡在二战时
09:17
and comes face-to-face with Hitler,
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面对面遇到希特勒，
09:19
and she knocks him the hell out ...
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她把他打晕了。。。
09:21
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
09:23
just like Captain America did in 1941,
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就像美国队长在1941年干的那样，
09:26
and who knew we'd need America Chavez
to punch Nazis in 2018.
to punch Nazis in 2018.
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谁知道我们在2018年
也需要艾美莉卡来打击纳粹。
也需要艾美莉卡来打击纳粹。
09:29
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
09:31
(Applause)
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(掌声)
09:35
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
09:36
And even that, that justified act
kind of wrecks her a little bit,
kind of wrecks her a little bit,
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甚至那样的的正当行为，
让她有点崩溃，
让她有点崩溃，
09:41
so I made sure that she linked up
with her best friend,
with her best friend,
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所以我确保她和她最好的朋友
有联系，
有联系，
09:44
and they talk feelings
and they go on a road trip
and they go on a road trip
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她们经常聊天，去公路旅行，
09:47
and they sing "Just a Girl" by No Doubt
at the top of their lungs.
at the top of their lungs.
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她们吼破嗓门地唱着
No Doubt乐队的 “Just a Girl”，
No Doubt乐队的 “Just a Girl”，
09:51
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
09:53
And when Midas, a sinister corporation,
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当麦迪斯，一个邪恶的公司
09:56
takes control of Sotomayor,
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控制了索托马约尔大学，
09:58
threatens to ban portals
and almost kills America ...
and almost kills America ...
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威胁要禁止传送门并且
差点杀死了艾美莉卡，
差点杀死了艾美莉卡，
10:04
her ancestors reach for her ...
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是她的祖先找到她，
10:08
because they know that she needs to heal.
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因为他们知道她需要他们的治愈。
10:12
And it is that burst of care,
that healing, that gives her the fuel
that healing, that gives her the fuel
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正是这种关怀，这种治愈
给了她能量
给了她能量
10:16
to defeat Midas and reclaim herself.
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去打败麦迪斯并找回她自己。
10:22
See, because that myth
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瞧，那个必须独自上路，
10:24
of having to go it alone
and having to be tough ...
and having to be tough ...
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必须独自坚强的神话
10:29
doesn't serve us.
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并不适合我们。
10:31
America Chavez is a whole superhero,
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艾美莉卡·查韦斯是一个超级英雄，
10:34
and she still needed a team of support
to help her find herself.
to help her find herself.
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但她仍需要一个支持她的团队
来帮助找到自己。
来帮助找到自己。
10:40
And she needed that gentleness,
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她需要那份温柔，
10:43
the type of gentleness
that is rooted in compassion
that is rooted in compassion
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这份温柔，它扎根于同情心之中
10:46
and still very much invested
in justice and liberation.
in justice and liberation.
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但也注重正义和自由。
10:53
Because it's in that space where softness
and vulnerability meet strength
and vulnerability meet strength
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因为正是在那个空间，
柔和脆弱遇到了力量，
柔和脆弱遇到了力量，
11:00
that we transcend our everyday selves,
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一起让我们超越了日常自我，
11:03
that we become something greater,
something majestic,
something majestic,
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让我们变得更伟大，更崇高，
11:07
maybe even something super.
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甚至成为某种超级英雄。
11:10
Thank you.
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谢谢。
11:12
(Applause)
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(掌声)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Gabby Rivera - WriterGabby Rivera is a Bronx-born, queer Latinx writer.
Why you should listen
Gabby Rivera is the author of AMERICA, the debut solo series for America Chavez, Marvel's first queer Latina superhero.
Rivera's critically acclaimed debut novel Juliet Takes a Breath was called "f*cking outstanding" by Roxane Gay and will be published in hardcover for the first time in fall 2019. Rivera has also written in the Lumberjanes universe for Boom! Studios. Her latest short story, "O.1," can be found in Victor LaValle's upcoming anthology A People's Future of the United States. She is currently working on her next novel.
When not writing, Rivera speaks at events across the country on her experiences as a queer Puerto Rican from the Bronx, an LGBTQ youth advocate and on the importance of centering joy in narratives as Latinx people and people of color.
Gabby Rivera | Speaker | TED.com