TEDActive 2013
Michael Stevens: How much does a video weigh?
Filmed:
Readability: 4
810,990 views
What color is a mirror? How much does a video weigh? Michael Stevens, creator of the popular educational YouTube channel Vsauce, spends his day asking quirky questions like these. In this talk he shows how asking the right -- seemingly silly -- questions can make incredibly effective lessons.
Michael Stevens - YouTube educator
Michael Stevens is the creator and host of Vsauce, an educational YouTube channel that addresses scientific oddities, like "Is Your Red the Same as My Red?" Full bio
Michael Stevens is the creator and host of Vsauce, an educational YouTube channel that addresses scientific oddities, like "Is Your Red the Same as My Red?" Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:14
Bean bags are awesome.
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懶骨頭沙發超棒的
可是我看到那裡一些人
00:19
But I see a few people out there
who are standing,
who are standing,
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是站著的
00:23
we've got some over here,
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這裏也有些人站著
00:24
and standing takes more
work than lounging.
work than lounging.
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站著比躺著需要花更多的力氣
使用LiveStrong組織的線上資料庫
00:29
Using the Live Strong
Organization's online database
Organization's online database
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00:32
of weight loss resources,
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減重的資源
00:35
you can calculate
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你可以計算出
00:36
that by the time I'm done
with this speech,
with this speech,
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當我演講完以後
00:38
those of you who are standing
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這些站著的人
00:40
will have burned 7.5 more calories
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消耗的卡路里會比
躺在懶骨頭沙發上的人多7.5卡
00:44
than those of you who are bean-bagging it.
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00:47
(Laughter)
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有個問題
00:48
Okay, here's a question,
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00:50
speaking of weight loss,
specifically weight,
specifically weight,
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說到減重,特別是重量
00:53
this speech is live.
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這是場現場的演講
00:54
I'm actually here in front of you guys,
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我真的站在各位前面
我們一起在這裏
00:56
we're all here together.
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可是這場演講有錄影
00:57
But this speech is being recorded
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00:59
and it will become a video
that people can access all over the world
that people can access all over the world
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會成為一部影片
讓全世界的人都可以在
電腦上
01:03
on computers, mobile devices,
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行動裝置上
01:05
televisions.
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電視上看到
01:06
I weight about 190 pounds.
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我大約有190磅重 (約86公斤)
這個影片會有多重？
01:11
How much will the video weigh?
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每週在我的Vsauce視頻上
01:18
Asking questions like that
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我都會提出這樣的問題
01:20
is what I do every week
on my channel Vsauce.
on my channel Vsauce.
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最近兩年來
01:23
For the last two years,
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我都有在問很好笑的問題
01:24
I have been asking really fun questions,
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01:26
mind-boggling questions,
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難以想像的問題
01:28
and approaching them
as sincerely as I can,
as sincerely as I can,
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我盡可能的真誠
去探討問題
01:31
celebrating scientific
concepts and scientists.
concepts and scientists.
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以此來宣揚科學觀念和科學家們
01:34
And I research and write
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我做調查
寫作
01:36
and produce and host
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製作
主持
01:37
and edit and upload
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編輯
然後上傳
01:38
and run the social media all by myself,
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整個社會媒體都是我自己一人在運作
01:40
but it's not lonely,
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但我並不孤獨
01:42
because Vsauce has
more than 2 million subscribers,
more than 2 million subscribers,
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因為Vsauce 有超過2百萬訂閱者
01:45
and every month, my videos are seen
by more than 20 million people.
by more than 20 million people.
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每個月我的影片
都有超過2千萬的人觀看
01:50
Yeah.
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沒錯
01:52
(Applause)
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01:54
It's very exciting.
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很令人興奮呢
01:55
I've found that asking a strange question
is a great way to get people in,
is a great way to get people in,
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我發現問一個奇怪的問題
是個讓大家感興趣的極好辦法
02:01
not just people, but fans.
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不單只是吸引人, 更要吸引粉絲
02:03
And fans are different
than just viewers or an audience,
than just viewers or an audience,
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粉絲們和普通觀看者、收聽者不同
因為粉絲還想回來
02:06
because fans want to come back.
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02:08
They subscribe to you on YouTube
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他們在YouTube上訂閱你的頻道
02:11
and they want to watch
everything you've made
everything you've made
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他們想看你製作過的所有內容
和未來將要製作的所有內容
02:13
and everything you plan
to make in the future
to make in the future
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因為我們是好奇心強的人
02:15
because we are curious people
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02:18
and sparking curiosity is great bait.
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而激起好奇心是個極佳的誘餌
02:23
It's a great way to catch a human.
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是抓住一個人注意力的極佳方式
02:26
And once you've caught them,
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而且一旦你抓住他們的注意力
你就有了一個被俘獲的聽眾
02:27
you have this captive
audience that you can,
audience that you can,
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02:31
with the goal in mind
of answering the question,
of answering the question,
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帶著回答問題的目標
你就能意外地教給他們很多東西
02:33
accidentally teach a lot of things to.
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02:36
So, let's take a look
at some of my videos.
at some of my videos.
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所以, 我們來看看我做過的一些視訊
02:39
Here are eight of them.
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這裡有8個
02:41
But down here in the lower-right corner,
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但在右下角這個地方
"鏡子是什麼顏色的?"
02:43
"What Color is a Mirror?"
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02:45
When people see that,
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當人家看到這個
02:46
it's very difficult not to click,
because you think,
because you think,
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就很難不去點擊. 因為你們在腦子裡想:
"拜託, 你是認真的嗎?
02:49
"Come on, are you serious?
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你怎麼可能答出這種問題呢?"
02:50
How could you possibly
answer that question?"
answer that question?"
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然而，到目前為止，有760萬人們點閱過
02:53
Well, so far, 7.6 million
people have watched
people have watched
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02:58
this five-minute video
about what color a mirror is.
about what color a mirror is.
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這個長達五分鐘的視訊，描述有關於鏡子是什麼顏色的視訊。
03:00
And in that episode, I answer the question
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在那一集影片中，我回答了這個問題
而我也有機會解釋
03:02
and I get a chance to explain
what would normally be kind of dry topics:
what would normally be kind of dry topics:
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一些正常情況下有點枯燥的話題:
03:07
optics,
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光學
漫射和鏡面反射
03:08
diffuse versus specular reflection,
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03:10
how light works,
how light works on the retina,
how light works on the retina,
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光如何傳播
光在視網膜上如何映射
甚至是有關顏色的術語的來源與演變
03:12
and even the etymology of color terms
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比如說白色和黑色
03:14
like white and black.
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好吧, 透露一下影片的內容:
03:17
Okay, spoiler alert:
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03:19
mirrors are not clear,
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鏡子不是透明的，
03:21
they are not silvery,
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他們也不是銀色的
03:23
like they're often illustrated.
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他們經常被說成的是這樣子的
03:24
Mirrors, technically speaking,
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鏡子，實際上來講,
是有一點點, 就一點點的
03:26
are just a tiny, tiny, little bit ...
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03:29
green.
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綠色
03:30
You can demonstrate this
by putting two mirrors next to each other,
by putting two mirrors next to each other,
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要證明這一點
你可以把兩面鏡子面對面的擺著
這樣一來
03:33
facing so they reflect
back and forth forever.
back and forth forever.
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兩面鏡子會無窮盡的來回反射
順著無窮盡的反射看下去
03:36
Look down that infinite reflection,
and it will get dimmer,
and it will get dimmer,
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它會變得越來越暗
03:39
because some light is lost
or absorbed every time,
or absorbed every time,
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因為每次反射都有一部分光散失或被吸收了
03:42
but it will also become greener,
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同時它也變得越來越偏綠色
03:46
because green light,
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因為綠色光
03:47
that is light of a wavelength
that we perceive as green,
that we perceive as green,
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也就是說
我們一般認知為綠色那種波長的光
03:50
is best reflected by most mirrors.
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是被大部分鏡子反射得最好的光
03:54
Okay, so, how much does a video weigh?
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好吧，那一個影片到底有多重呢?
03:56
Well, when you stream
a video onto your computer,
a video onto your computer,
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當你用電腦觀看一部影片時
03:59
that information is temporarily stored
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這些影片的資訊
04:01
using electrons.
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被利用電子方式暫時儲存
04:03
And the number of electrons on your device
won't actually increase or decrease.
won't actually increase or decrease.
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而你設備上的電子數量
實際上不會增加或減少
04:08
But it takes energy
to store them in one place,
to store them in one place,
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但是，把它們儲存在一個特定地方是要耗能的。
04:11
and, thanks to our friend Albert Einstein,
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而我們知道,
托我們的朋友愛因斯坦的福
04:14
we know that energy and mass are related.
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能量和質量是相關的
04:16
Okay, so here's the thing:
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好, 所以事情是這樣子:
04:18
let's say you're watching a YouTube video
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假設你在看一部Youtube影片
用相當高的解析度,720p
04:20
at a really nice resolution, 720p.
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04:23
Assuming a typical bit rate,
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假設是典型的位元速率
04:25
we can figure that a minute
of YouTube video
of YouTube video
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那麼我們可以算出來
Youtube影片一分鐘
04:30
is going to need to involve
about 10 million electrons on your device.
about 10 million electrons on your device.
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你的設備大約需要用到1千萬的電子
把這些電子的個數
04:38
Plugging all those electrons
and the energy it takes to hold them
and the energy it takes to hold them
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和需要把這些電子放在正確位置上
讓你觀看影片的能量
04:41
in the correct place
for you to see the video,
for you to see the video,
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代入到公式裡,
04:43
into that formula,
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我們能算出來
04:44
we can figure out
that one minute of YouTube video
that one minute of YouTube video
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一分鐘的Youtube視訊
使你電腦的重量
04:47
increases the mass of your computer
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增加了10的-19次方公克
04:50
by about 10 to the negative 19th grams.
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04:55
Written out, it looks like this.
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把它展開寫出來, 就是這樣.
04:57
(Whistle)
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這沒多少
04:58
That's like nothing.
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你可以說它根本和沒有一樣
05:00
You could call that nothing,
and you wouldn't really get in trouble,
and you wouldn't really get in trouble,
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也不會有什麼問題
因為我們到目前為止發明出的
05:04
because the best scales
we've ever invented
we've ever invented
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05:07
that we could try to use
to actually to detect that change
to actually to detect that change
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能被用來
檢測出重量變化的最小的刻度
05:10
are only accurate to 10
to the negative 9th grams.
to the negative 9th grams.
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只能精確到10的-9克
所以我們測不出來,
05:13
So, we can't measure it,
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05:15
but we can, like we just did,
calculate it.
calculate it.
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但是我們能用剛剛的方法
計算出來這個增加的數值
05:17
And that's really cool
because when I was a kid,
because when I was a kid,
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有一件很酷的事
在我還是小孩的時候
05:20
my school had two shelves
of science books.
of science books.
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我們學校有兩書架的科學書籍
05:25
That was really cool,
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這真是一件很酷的事
05:26
but I read all of them
within, like, two grades,
within, like, two grades,
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我在差不多兩個學年之內就把它們全部讀完
05:28
and it was hard to get more books
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而且很難再獲得更多的書了
因為書很重
05:30
because books are heavy,
you need space for them
you need space for them
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你需要找地方存放它們
而把書搬來搬去
05:33
and moving books around is tougher
than what we can do today.
than what we can do today.
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比我們現今要難上許多
就通過這麼小一個數字,
05:35
With numbers that small,
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05:37
I can fit thousands of books
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我就可以在我的個人電子書裡
05:39
on my own little personal
electronic reader.
electronic reader.
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塞進上千本書
05:43
I can stream hours and hours
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我可以看上幾小時
05:45
and days and days of YouTube video
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甚至幾天的Youtube影片
05:47
without my computer
ever getting measurably heavier.
ever getting measurably heavier.
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我的電腦都不會有什麼察覺得出來的重量變化
當資訊變輕的時候,
05:52
And as information becomes that light,
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05:54
it becomes a lot more democratic,
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它也變得更大眾化
也就是說比原來更多的老師
05:55
meaning that more teachers
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05:58
and presenters and creators
and viewers than ever before
and viewers than ever before
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演講者
創作者
和觀看者
06:03
can be involved.
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可以共同參與
06:06
Right now, on YouTube,
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現在在Youtube網站上
就有像這樣的
06:07
there is an explosion
of content like this happening.
of content like this happening.
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資訊大爆炸
06:10
The three Vsauce channels
are down there in the corner.
are down there in the corner.
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三個Vsauce頻道
就在角落這裡
但是其他的每一個人
06:13
But everyone else,
all together, collectively,
all together, collectively,
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加在一起, 集合在一起
他們的觀看數量使我一個人的能力
06:15
their views dwarf what I can do alone
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06:18
or with the people that I work with,
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或是我共事的人們的能力相形見絀
06:20
and that is really, really exciting.
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而這真是非常, 非常令人興奮的
06:22
It turns out that tapping
into people's curiosity
into people's curiosity
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抓住人們的好奇心
06:25
and responsibly answering their questions
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並負責任的回答他們的問題
06:28
is a brilliant way to build
fans and an audience
fans and an audience
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是個增加粉絲, 聽眾和觀眾
06:32
and get in viewers.
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的極佳方法
06:33
It's even a great way
for brands and companies
for brands and companies
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這甚至是品牌和公司
06:36
to build trust.
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建立信譽的好方法
所以說計算一個視訊的重量
06:38
So, calculating the weight of a video
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06:43
is kind of a funny question,
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好像是個滑稽的問題,
06:45
but I cannot wait to see
what we ask and answer next.
what we ask and answer next.
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但是我等不及想要看到
我們下一個提問與問題的解答是什麼
06:51
As always, thanks for watching.
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一如往常, 謝謝觀看
06:53
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Michael Stevens - YouTube educatorMichael Stevens is the creator and host of Vsauce, an educational YouTube channel that addresses scientific oddities, like "Is Your Red the Same as My Red?"
Why you should listen
Michael Stevens is an educator -- but when he answers questions, 3.2 million people tune in to hear the answer. That's because Stevens is the creator and host of Vsauce, an educational YouTube channel that addresses quirky but intriguing topics like "The Science of the Friend Zone" and "What Is Déjà vu?" Stevens has made a career feeding popular hunger for cool and interesting facts.
Michael Stevens | Speaker | TED.com