Travis Rieder: The agony of opioid withdrawal -- and what doctors should tell patients about it
Travis Rieder: La agonía por abstinencia de opioides y qué deben recomendar los médicos al paciente
Travis Rieder wants to help find a solution to America’s opioid crisis -- and if that sounds a bit too lofty, he’d settle for making clear, incremental progress in a responsible, evidence-based way. Full bio
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that changed my life.
I nearly lost my foot
de un accidente de motocicleta,
surgeon's office
de mi cirujano ortopédico
oxycodone," I responded.
de oxicodona", respondí,
this information to many doctors
a tantos médicos,
es demasiada alta.
about getting off the meds now."
a dejar la medicación".
cada vez más frecuentes
that anyone had expressed concern.
que alguien se preocupaba.
real conversation I'd had
que hablaba con alguien
my entire experience of medical trauma.
mi experiencia traumática.
is a much too aggressive tapering regimen,
un agresivo régimen de suspensión
my medication into four doses,
la medicación en cuatro dosis,
over the course of the month.
por semana durante un mes.
into acute opioid withdrawal.
aguda por abstinencia de opioides.
feel a lot like a bad case of the flu.
se parecen a los de una gripe grave.
in my rather mangled foot;
era cada vez más intenso.
due to a general feeling of restlessness.
por una sensación de sobreexcitación.
what was coming.
se hacían más virulentos,
seemed to go haywire.
y de manera casi constante
into the hot August sun,
al calor intenso de agosto,
covered in goosebumps.
sleep difficult during that first week
el sueño la primera semana
as the withdrawal feeling.
la típica sensación de abstinencia.
that would keep me twitching.
que me producía espasmos,
disturbing was the crying.
más preocupante era el llanto.
like a neural misfire,
parecía un trastorno nervioso,
and she called the prescribing doctor
lots of fluids for the nausea.
líquidos para contrarrestar las náuseas.
"You know, he's really quite badly off,"
"Doctor, él no está nada bien",
"Well, if it's that bad,
la dosis anterior por un tiempo".
previous dose for a little while."
más adelante", me dijo.
to go back on my previous dose
volvería a mi dosis anterior
it through the withdrawal next time.
la vez siguiente.
and dropped another dose.
y reduje otra dosis.
that would keep me writhing all night.
durante la noche.
like a misfire before
brotaban sin motivo aparente
I would get that welling in my chest
esa angustia en el pecho,
desperation and hopelessness.
la desesperación y la desesperanza.
that I would never recover
or from the withdrawal.
with the prescriber
al equipo de tratamiento para el dolor
that we contact our pain management team
en la última hospitalización.
y lo hicimos de inmediato,
when nobody would speak with us.
the phone advised us
provides an inpatient service;
trabaja con pacientes internados
to get pain under control,
para controlar el dolor
de desintoxicación y abstinencia.
tapering and withdrawal.
and begged him for anything --
y le suplicamos que nos diera algo,
"decididamente no fue el mejor,
is that Travis go back on the medication
es que Travis retome la medicación
more competent to wean him off."
más competente para ayudarlo".
to go back on the medication.
volver a la medicación.
myself from the withdrawal with the drugs
de la abstinencia a base de drogas,
without prescription opioids
la experiencia de una vida sin opioides
didn't kill me outright,
no me mataban enseguida,
standing up here years later,
with virtually no sleep,
on the floor of our basement bathroom.
tendido en el baño del sótano.
my feverish head
para enfriarla con las baldosas,
despite not having eaten anything in days.
con el estómago vacío.
a altas horas de la noche
at the end of the night
and general practitioners --
a especialistas en dolor,
would help me.
speak with on the phone
said that they prescribe opioids
para el manejo del dolor
tapering or withdrawal.
en la reducción de dosis y abstinencia.
was clearly coming through my voice,
ya empezaba a notarse en mi voz,
took a deep breath and said,
what you need is a rehab facility
sea un lugar de rehabilitación
así que seguí su consejo.
so I took her advice.
calling those places,
que muchos de esos lugares
long-term substance use disorder.
prolongado de sustancias.
weaning the patient off the medication,
retirarle la medicación al paciente
de opioides más seguros
onto the safer, longer-acting opioids:
for maintenance treatment.
como terapias de mantenimiento.
had an extensive waiting list.
en estos sitios era sumamente larga.
they were designed to see.
de paciente que trataban.
from a rehab facility,
de una clínica de rehabilitación,
going back on the medication.
que volvería a la medicación,
the lowest dose possible,
más baja posible
as I absolutely needed
lo estrictamente necesario
effects of the withdrawal.
más virulentos de la abstinencia.
a subir las escaleras,
I actually went to bed.
en semanas fui a la cama.
prescription bottle,
que me recetaron,
had abated dramatically.
habían disminuido notablemente.
that was my response, too.
just a little bit.
precisely because I'm not special;
porque no soy especial;
to me was all that unique.
was entirely predictable
era totalmente predecible,
for which I was prescribed it.
response to an opioid-rich environment
que la reacción normal del cerebro
to think that from the beginning,
para que, desde un principio,
well-formed tapering plan,
supervisado y bien pensado,
seemingly hasn't decided
sistema de salud no ha decidido
as a complex patient
un paciente complejo
especialistas en dolor.
as getting pain under control
controlar el dolor,
get off the medication,
of addiction medicine.
por un especialista en adicciones.
está sobredemandada
from long-term substance use disorder.
el consumo prolongado de sustancias.
that needed long-term management
que requería un seguimiento a largo plazo
whose job such management was.
quién debía encargarse de esa supervisión.
and worth talking about --
is a particular concern
para abandonar los opioides
from overdose in 2015.
de sobredosis en el año 2015.
involved prescription opioids.
consumieron opioides recetados.
started to react to this crisis,
a reaccionar ante esta crisis,
trying to prescribe fewer pills --
a recetar menos pastillas
that's going to be important.
we're now gaining evidence
often prescribe medication
suelen recetar fármacos
much more than is needed.
help to explain why America,
a entender por qué EE. UU.,
of the global population,
de la población mundial,
of the total global opioid supply.
de opioides recetados en el mundo.
on the rate of prescribing
de medicamentos recetados
two crucially important points.
son y seguirán siendo
important pain therapies.
severe, real, long-lasting pain,
agudos, reales y prolongados,
can make life worth living.
pueden hacer que la vida valga la pena.
while judiciously prescribing opioids
de forma responsable
manage the pills that they do prescribe.
administrar las pastillas que recetan.
para reducir los opioides.
that I was given.
knows that that is too aggressive?
sepa que son demasiado agresivos?
in an academic journal,
publicado en una revista científica,
their pocket guide for tapering opioids.
de bolsillo para dejar los opioides.
en su mayoría con imágenes.
how to taper opioids in the easier cases,
los opioides en los casos más fáciles
than a 10 percent dose reduction per week.
reducirse más del 10 % por semana.
instead of a few weeks.
varios meses en lugar de semanas.
pretty uncomfortable,
the kind of information
debería manejar.
this medication ought to have.
prescribed opioids
de los opioides por parte de los médicos
is far bigger than that,
va mucho más lejos,
for tens of thousands of deaths a year,
de decenas de miles de muertes al año,
of that medication is indefensible.
es injustificable.
to get off the medication
para dejar los opioides
to our epidemic,
final para esta epidemia,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Travis Rieder - BioethicistTravis Rieder wants to help find a solution to America’s opioid crisis -- and if that sounds a bit too lofty, he’d settle for making clear, incremental progress in a responsible, evidence-based way.
Why you should listen
A philosopher by training, bioethicist by profession and communicator by passion, Travis Rieder writes and speaks on a variety of ethical and policy issues raised by both prescription and illicit opioid use.
This wasn't always his beat, though. Both in his doctoral training at Georgetown University, and as faculty at Johns Hopkins University’s Berman Institute of Bioethics, Rieder published widely on a variety of topics in philosophy and ethics. His interest in opioids came about suddenly, after a motorcycle accident, when he took too many pills for too long and suddenly found himself with a profound dependency. In the wake of that experience, he became driven to discover why medicine is so bad at dealing with prescription opioids, and how that problem is related to the broader drug overdose epidemic.
Rieder's first article on the topic, in the journal Health Affairs, was one of the most-read essays in 2017 and was excerpted by the Washington Post. Since then, Rieder has co-authored a Special Publication of the National Academy of Medicine on physician responsibility for the opioid epidemic, written several essays for the popular media and spoken widely on the topic to physicians, medical students and the general public. He expands on all of this work in a new book project forthcoming with HarperCollins, tentatively titled In Pain In America.
Travis Rieder | Speaker | TED.com