TED2005
Edward Burtynsky: My wish: Manufactured landscapes and green education
Edward burtinsky parla de paisatges manufacturats
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En el seu discurs d'acceptació del Ted Prize 2005, el fotògraf Edward Burtynsky demana un desig: que les seves imatges - impressionants paissatges que documenten l'impacte de l'esser humà al món - ajudin a persuadir a milions de persones a unir-se a una conversació global sobre la sostenibilitat.
Edward Burtynsky - Photographer
2005 TED Prize winner Edward Burtynsky has made it his life's work to document humanity's impact on the planet. His riveting photographs, as beautiful as they are horrifying, capture views of the Earth altered by mankind. Full bio
2005 TED Prize winner Edward Burtynsky has made it his life's work to document humanity's impact on the planet. His riveting photographs, as beautiful as they are horrifying, capture views of the Earth altered by mankind. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:25
Walk around for four months with three wishes,
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Camineu durant quatre mesos amb tres desitjos,
00:29
and all the ideas will start to percolate up.
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i totes les idees es començaran a filtrar.
00:31
I think everybody should do it -- think that you've got three wishes.
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Crec que tothom ho hauria de fer -- imagineu que teniu tres desitjos.
00:33
And what would you do? It's actually a great exercise
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Què faríeu? De fet, és un gran exercici
00:35
to really drill down to the things that you feel are important,
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per aprofundir realment en les coses que creieu importants,
00:40
and really reflect on the world around us.
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i reflexionar sobre el món que us envolta.
00:43
And thinking that, can an individual actually do something,
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I pensant això, pot un individu fer alguna cosa,
00:47
or come up with something,
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o inventar alguna cosa
00:49
that may actually get some traction out there and make a difference?
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que pugui tirar endavant allà fora i marcar la diferència?
00:53
Inspired by nature -- that's the theme here.
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Inspirat per la natura -- aquest és el tema aquí.
00:57
And I think, quite frankly, that's where I started.
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I penso, honestament, que així és com vaig començar.
01:02
I became very interested in the landscape as a Canadian.
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Em vaig començar a interessar en el paisatge com a canadenc.
01:07
We have this Great North. And there was a pretty small population,
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Tenim aquest Gran Nord. I hi havia una població molt minsa,
01:10
and my father was an avid outdoorsman.
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i el meu pare era un apassionat de l'aire lliure.
01:12
So I really had a chance to experience that.
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Així doncs, vaig tenir l'oportunitat d'experimentar-ho.
01:15
And I could never really understand exactly what it was, or how it was informing me.
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I mai vaig poder entendre realment què era, o com m'estava informant.
01:19
But what I think it was telling me
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Però el que penso que em deia
01:21
is that we are this transient thing that's happening,
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és que som aquesta cosa transitòria que està passant.
01:26
and that the nature that you see out there -- the untouched shorelines,
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I que la natura que veieu allà fora -- les costes intactes,
01:30
the untouched forest that I was able to see --
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els boscos verges que vaig poder veure --
01:33
really bring in a sense of that geological time,
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realment ens donen un sentit del temps geològic,
01:40
that this has gone on for a long time,
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que això ha passat durant molt temps,
01:42
and we're experiencing it in a different way.
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i l'estem experimentant d'una manera diferent.
01:45
And that, to me, was a reference point that I think I needed to have
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I això, per mi, era un punt de referència que penso que necessitava tenir
01:51
to be able to make the work that I did.
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per ser capaç de fer la feina que vaig fer.
01:53
And I did go out, and I did this picture of grasses coming through in the spring,
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I vaig sortir, i vaig fer aquesta imatge d'herbes sorgint a la primavera,
01:58
along a roadside.
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a la vora de la carretera.
02:00
This rebirth of grass. And then I went out for years
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Aquest renaixement d'herba. I llavors vaig sortir durant anys
02:03
trying to photograph the pristine landscape.
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intentant fotografiar el paisatge verge.
02:06
But as a fine-art photographer I somehow felt
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Però com a fotògraf artístic, d'alguna manera notava
02:09
that it wouldn't catch on out there,
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que això no aconseguiria arrelar
02:11
that there would be a problem with trying to make this as a fine-art career.
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que seria un problema intentar fer d'això la meva carrera de fotògraf artístic.
02:15
And I kept being sucked into this genre of the calendar picture,
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I em mantenia absorbit en aquest gènere de la fotografia de calendari,
02:20
or something of that nature, and I couldn't get away from it.
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o alguna cosa d'aquet tipus, i no me'n podia apartar.
02:22
So I started to think of, how can I rethink the landscape?
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Així doncs, vaig començar a pensar, com puc repensar el paisatge?
02:26
I decided to rethink the landscape
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Vaig decidir repensar el paisatge
02:28
as the landscape that we've transformed.
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com el paisatge que hem transformat.
02:31
I had a bit of an epiphany being lost in Pennsylvania,
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Vaig tenir una mena d'epifania mentre estava perdut a Pennsilvanià,
02:33
and I took a left turn trying to get back to the highway.
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i vaig girar a l'esquerra intentat tornar a l'autopista.
02:37
And I ended up in a town called Frackville.
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I vaig acabar en un poble anomenat Frackville.
02:39
I got out of the car, and I stood up,
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Vaig sortir del cotxe i em vaig posar dret,
02:41
and it was a coal-mining town. I did a 360 turnaround,
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i era un poble dedicat a les mines de carbó. Vaig fer un gir de 360 graus,
02:45
and that became one of the most surreal landscapes I've ever seen.
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i aquell es va convertir en un dels paisatges més surrealistes que mai hagi vist.
02:49
Totally transformed by man.
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Totalment transformat per l'home.
02:52
And that got me to go out and look at mines like this,
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I això em va fer sortir i buscar mines com aquesta,
02:55
and go out and look at the largest industrial incursions
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i sortir i buscar les incursions industrials
02:58
in the landscape that I could find.
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en el paisatge més grans que pogués trobar.
03:00
And that became the baseline of what I was doing.
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I això es va convertir en el punt de partida del que estava fent.
03:03
And it also became the theme that I felt that I could hold onto,
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I també es va convertir en el tema on notava que em podia agafar,
03:08
and not have to re-invent myself --
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i no haver de reinventar-me.
03:10
that this theme was large enough to become a life's work,
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Que aquest tema era suficientment gran per convertir-se en el treball d'una vida --
03:13
to become something that I could sink my teeth into
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per ser alguna cosa on hi pogués clavar les dents
03:17
and just research and find out where these industries are.
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i tant sols cercar i trobar on són aquestes indústries.
03:21
And I think one of the things I also wanted to say in my thanks,
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I crec que una de les coses que volia dir en agraïment,
03:24
which I kind of missed,
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ja que me'n vaig oblidar,
03:26
was to thank all the corporations who helped me get in.
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era agrair a totes les corporacions que em van ajudar a entrar.
03:29
Because it took negotiation for almost every one of these photographs --
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Perquè va caldre negociar per gairebé cadascuna d'aquestes fotografies --
03:33
to get into that place to make those photographs,
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per entrar al lloc a fer aquestes fotografies.
03:37
and if it wasn't for those people letting me in
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I si no fos per aquesta gent deixant-me entrar
03:40
at the heads of those corporations,
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i per els directius d'aquestes empreses,
03:42
I would have never made this body of work.
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mai podria haver fet aquest treball.
03:44
So in that respect, to me, I'm not against the corporation.
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Per tant, en aquest sentit, no estic en contra de les corporacions.
03:49
I own a corporation. I work with them,
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Jo tinc una corporació. Treballo amb les corporacions,
03:52
and I feel that we all need them and they're important.
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i sento que tots les necessitem i que són importants.
03:55
But I am also for sustainability.
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Però també estic a favor de la sostenibilitat.
03:57
So there's this thing that is pulling me in both directions.
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Per tant hi ha aquesta cosa que m'empeny en les dues direccions.
04:00
And I'm not making an indictment towards what's happening here,
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I no estic fent un judici del que passa aquí,
04:04
but it is a slow progression.
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però és una progressió lenta.
04:06
So I started thinking, well, we live in all these ages of man:
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Així doncs, vaig començar a pensar, bé, vivim en totes les edats dels homes:
04:09
the Stone Age, and the Iron Age, and the Copper Age.
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l'edat de pedra, l'edat del ferro, i la del coure
04:13
And these ages of man are still at work today.
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I aquestes edats de l'home encara estan en vigor avui en dia.
04:17
But we've become totally disconnected from them.
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Però ens n'hem desconnectat totalment.
04:19
There's something that we're not seeing there.
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Hi ha una cosa que no estem veient aquí.
04:22
And it's a scary thing as well. Because when we start looking
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I és una cosa espantosa. Perquè quan comencem a mirar
04:26
at the collective appetite for our lifestyles,
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l'apetit col·lectiu dels nostres estils de vida
04:29
and what we're doing to that landscape --
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i el que estem fent a aquest paisatge --
04:32
that, to me, is something that is a very sobering moment for me to contemplate.
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això, per mi, és un moment molt lúcid de contemplar
04:38
And through my photographs,
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I, a través de les meves fotografies,
04:40
I'm hoping to be able to engage the audiences of my work,
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espero poder captivar la meva audiència
04:46
and to come up to it and not immediately be rejected by the image.
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i arribar i no ser rebutjat immediatament per la imatge.
04:49
Not to say, "Oh my God, what is it?" but to be challenged by it --
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No dir, "Oh Déu meu, que és això?" Sinó que la imatge et desafiï.
04:52
to say, "Wow, this is beautiful," on one level,
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A dir, "Uau, això és bonic en un nivell.
04:54
but on the other level, "This is scary. I shouldn't be enjoying it."
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Però en un altre nivell, això és espantós. No ho hauria d'estar gaudint"
04:58
Like a forbidden pleasure. And it's that forbidden pleasure
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Com un plaer prohibit. I és aquest plaer prohibit
05:01
that I think is what resonates out there,
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el que crec que ressona allà fora,
05:03
and it gets people to look at these things,
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i fa que la gent es fixi en aquestes coses,
05:05
and it gets people to enter it. And it also, in a way, defines kind of what I feel, too --
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i fa que la gent hi entri. I això també, d'alguna manera, defineix el que sento.
05:12
that I'm drawn to have a good life.
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És que em deixo portar a tenir una bona vida.
05:15
I want a house, and I want a car.
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Vull una casa, i vull un cotxe.
05:17
But there's this consequence out there.
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Però hi ha conseqüències allà fora.
05:19
And how do I begin to have that attraction, repulsion?
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I com començo a tenir aquesta atracció-repulsió?
05:22
It's even in my own conscience I'm having it,
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Fins i tot la tinc en la meva pròpia consciència,
05:25
and here in my work, I'm trying to build that same toggle.
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i aquí a la meva feina, intento construir aquest mateix interruptor.
05:29
These things that I photographed -- this tire pile here
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Aquestes coses que vaig fotografiar -- aquest munt de pneumàtics
05:32
had 45 million tires in it. It was the largest one.
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tenia 45 milions de pneumàtics. Era el més gran de tots.
05:35
It was only about an hour-and-a-half away from me, and it caught fire
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Es trobava a una hora i mitja de camí d'on era, i es va incendiar
05:38
about four years ago. It's around Westley, California, around Modesto.
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fa uns quatre anys. És a prop de Westley, Califòrnia, prop de Modesto.
05:42
And I decided to start looking at something that, to me, had --
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I vaig decidir començar a mirar alguna cosa que, per mi tenia --
05:46
if the earlier work of looking at the landscape
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si l'anterior treball de mirar el paisatge
05:48
had a sense of lament to what we were doing to nature,
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tenia un sentit de lament cap el que estàvem fent a la natura,
05:51
in the recycling work that you're seeing here
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en el treball de reciclatge que esteu veient aquí
05:54
was starting to point to a direction. To me, it was our redemption.
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començava a apuntar cap a una direcció. Per mi, això va ser la nostra redempció.
05:58
That in the recycling work that I was doing,
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Que en el treball sobre el reciclatge que estava fent,
06:00
I'm looking for a practice, a human activity that is sustainable.
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estic buscant una pràctica -- una activitat humana que sigui sostenible.
06:07
That if we keep putting things, through industrial and urban existence,
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Que si continuem posant coses, a través de l'existència industrial i urbana,
06:12
back into the system --
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al sistema --
06:14
if we keep doing that -- we can continue on.
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si seguim fent això -- podem continuar.
06:17
Of course, listening at the conference,
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És clar, escoltant la conferència,
06:19
there's many, many things that are coming. Bio-mimicry,
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hi ha moltes i moltes coses que estan sorgint. Bio-mimètica,
06:22
and there's many other things that are coming on stream --
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i moltes altres coses que s'estan estandaritzant --
06:24
nanotechnology that may also prevent us from having
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la nano tecnologia que podria evitar que haguem
06:29
to go into that landscape and tear it apart.
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d'anar fins al paisatge i destrossar-lo.
06:32
And we all look forward to those things.
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I tots estem esperant aquestes coses.
06:34
But in the meantime, these things are scaling up.
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Però mentrestant, els problemes continuen creixent.
06:36
These things are continuing to happen.
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Aquestes coses continuen passant.
06:38
What you're looking at here -- I went to Bangladesh,
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El que veieu aquí -- vaig anar a Bangladesh,
06:41
so I started to move away from North America;
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vaig començar a allunyar-me de Nord Amèrica.
06:44
I started to look at our world globally.
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Vaig començar a mirar el nostre món globalment.
06:46
These images of Bangladesh
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I això va passar -- aquestes imatges de Bangladesh --
06:48
came out of a radio program I was listening to.
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van nàixer mentre escoltava un programa de ràdio.
06:51
They were talking about Exxon Valdez,
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Estaven parlant d'Exxon Valdez,
06:54
and that there was going to be a glut of oil tankers
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i de que es produiria un excés de petrolers
06:56
because of the insurance industries.
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degut a les indústries asseguradores.
06:58
And that those oil tankers needed to be decommissioned,
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i que aquests petrolers s’havien de treure de circulació
07:00
and 2004 was going to be the pinnacle.
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i que el 2004 seria el punt àlgid.
07:02
And I thought, "My God, wouldn't that be something?"
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I vaig pensar, "Déu meu, això serà important, no?"
07:04
To see the largest vessels of man being deconstructed by hand,
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Veure els vaixells més grans del món desmantellats a mà,
07:08
literally, in third-world countries.
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literalment, a països del tercer món.
07:10
So originally I was going to go to India.
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En principi havia d'anar a la Índia.
07:12
And I was shut out of India because of a Greenpeace situation there,
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Però em van tancar les portes per culpa d'un incident amb Greenpeace.
07:15
and then I was able to get into Bangladesh,
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i llavors vaig poder entrar a Bangladesh.
07:17
and saw for the first time a third world, a view of it,
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I vaig poder veure el tercer món per primera vegada, una mirada
07:22
that I had never actually thought was possible.
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que mai havia cregut possible.
07:26
130 million people living in an area the size of Wisconsin --
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130 milions de persones vivint en una àrea de la mida de Wisconsin,
07:29
people everywhere -- the pollution was intense,
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gent pertot arreu, la pol·lució era intensa,
07:32
and the working conditions were horrible.
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i les condicions de treball eren horribles.
07:35
Here you're looking at some oil fields in California,
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Aquí esteu veient alguns camps petrolífers a Califòrnia,
07:37
some of the biggest oil fields. And again, I started to think that --
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alguns dels més grans. I altre cop, vaig tornar a pensar --
07:42
there was another epiphany --
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vaig tenir una altra epifania --
07:45
that the whole world I was living in was
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que el món sencer on jo vivia s'estava creant
07:47
a result of having plentiful oil.
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com a resultat de l'abundància de petroli.
07:50
And that, to me, was again something that I started building on,
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Això, per a mi, va ser una idea que vaig començar a elaborar,
07:54
and I continued to build on.
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i vaig continuar construint-la.¨
07:56
So this is a series I'm hoping to have ready
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És una sèrie que espero tenir preparada
08:00
in about two or three years,
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d'aquí a un parell o tres d'anys, més o menys,
08:02
under the heading of "The Oil Party."
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sota el títol de "The Oil Party" (La Festa del Petroli).
08:04
Because I think everything that we're involved in --
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Perquè crec que tot el que ens involucra --
08:06
our clothing, our cars, our roads, and everything -- are directly a result.
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la nostra roba, els nostres cotxes, les nostres carreteres, tot -- n’és el resultat directe.
08:10
I'm going to move to some pictures of China.
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Ara passarem a algunes imatges de Xina.
08:15
And for me China -- I started photographing it four years ago,
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i a través de la Xina -- la vaig començar a fotografiar fa quatre anys,
08:18
and China truly is a question of sustainability in my mind,
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i Xina és realment, al meu cap, una qüestió de sostenibilitat.
08:21
not to mention that China, as well,
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Per no parlar, també, que la Xina,
08:24
has a great effect on the industries that I grew up around.
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té un enorme efecte sobre les indústries amb les quals vaig créixer.
08:27
I came out of a blue-collar town,
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Perquè jo vaig créixer en una ciutat de classe obrera,
08:29
a GM town, and my father worked at GM,
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una ciutat GM (General Motors), el meu pare hi treballava.
08:32
so I was very familiar with that kind of industry
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I, per tant, aquest tipus d'indústria m'era familiar.
08:36
and that also informed my work. But you know,
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I això també va influir el meu treball. Però sabeu,
08:41
to see China and the scale at which it's evolving, is quite something.
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veure la Xina i l'escala amb la que està evolucionant és força impressionant.
08:47
So what you see here is the Three Gorges Dam,
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El que veieu aquí és la Presa de les Tres Gorges,
08:50
and this is the largest dam by 50 percent ever attempted by man.
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i aquesta és la presa més gran, un 50 per cent, mai feta per l'home.
08:55
Most of the engineers around the world left the project
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La majoria dels enginyers del món van deixar el projecte
08:59
because they said, "It's just too big."
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perquè deien, "És massa gran."
09:01
In fact, when it did actually fill with water a year and a half ago,
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De fet, quan es va omplir d'aigua fa un any i mig,
09:05
they were able to measure a wobble within the earth as it was spinning.
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es va poder registrar un sotrac a la terra mentre volta sobre el seu eix.
09:08
It took fifteen days to fill it.
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Va tardar quinze dies a omplir-se.
09:10
So this created a reservoir 600 kilometers long,
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Això va crear una reserva de 600 kilòmetres de longitud,
09:15
one of the largest reservoirs ever created.
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una de les reserves més grans que s'hagi creat mai.
09:17
And what was also one of the bigger projects around that
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I el que va ser un dels projectes més grans lligats a l'obra
09:22
was moving 13 full-size cities up out of the reservoir,
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va ser traslladar 13 ciutats senceres fora de la reserva,
09:26
and flattening all the buildings so they could make way for the ships.
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i rebaixar tots els edificis perquè puguin deixar pas als vaixells.
09:29
This is a "before and after." So that was before.
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Això és un abans i després. Això és abans.
09:33
And this is like 10 weeks later, demolished by hand.
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I això és unes 10 setmanes més tard, demolits a mà.
09:36
I think 11 of the buildings they used dynamite,
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Em penso que van utilitzar dinamita en 11 dels edificis,
09:38
everything else was by hand. That was 10 weeks later.
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tota la resta es va fer a mà. Això era unes 10 setmanes després.
09:40
And this gives you an idea.
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I això us en pot donar una idea.
09:42
And it was all the people who lived in those homes,
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Altre vegada amb -- i era la gent que vivia en aquestes cases,
09:45
were the ones that were actually taking it apart
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la que, de fet, les estava destruint
09:47
and working, and getting paid per brick to take their cities apart.
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i treballant, i essent pagades per cada rajol per tal de destruir les seves ciutats.
09:52
And these are some of the images from that.
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I aquestes són algunes imatges d'allò.
09:54
So I spent about three trips to the Three Gorges Dam,
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Vaig fer uns tres viatges a la Presa de les Tres Gorges,
09:57
looking at that massive transformation of a landscape.
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observant la transformació massiva del paisatge.
10:01
And it looks like a bombed-out landscape, but it isn't.
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Sembla un paisatge bombardejat, però no ho és.
10:04
What it is, it's a landscape that is an intentional one.
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El que és, és un paisatge intencionat.
10:08
This is a need for power, and they're willing to go through this
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Això és una necessitat d'energia, i estan desitjant passar per aquesta
10:13
massive transformation, on this scale, to get that power.
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transformació massiva, en aquesta escala, per aconseguir l'energia.
10:20
And again, it's actually a relief for what's going on in China
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I, altra vegada, és un alleujament per el que està passant a la Xina
10:26
because I think on the table right now,
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perquè crec que ara mateix sobre la taula,
10:28
there's 27 nuclear power stations to be built.
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hi ha 27 plantes nuclears en projecte de construcció.
10:31
There hasn't been one built in North America for 20 years
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No se n'ha construït cap a Nord Amèrica durant 20 anys
10:33
because of the "NIMBY" problem -- "Not In My BackYard."
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a causa del problema NIMBY -- no al meu pati.
10:35
But in China they're saying, "No, we're putting in 27 in the next 10 years."
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Però a la Xina diuen, "No, en posarem 27 en els pròxims 10 anys."
10:38
And coal-burning furnaces are going in there
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I els forns de carbó estant funcionant
10:42
for hydroelectric power literally weekly.
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per fer energia hidroelèctrica, literalment cada setmana.
10:45
So coal itself is probably one of the largest problems.
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Així que el carbó mateix és probablement un dels problemes més grans.
10:50
And one of the other things that happened in the Three Gorges --
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I una de les altres coses que va passar a les Tres Gorges --
10:52
a lot of the agricultural land that you see there on the left was also lost;
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molta superfície agrícola que veieu aquí a l'esquerra va desaparèixer.
10:57
some of the most fertile agricultural land was lost in that.
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Alguns dels terrenys més fèrtils es van perdre.
11:00
And 1.2 to 2 million people were relocated,
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I en un punt, d'1,2 a 2 milions de persones es van reubicar,
11:03
depending on whose statistics you're looking at.
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depenent de les estadístiques que miraves.
11:06
And this is what they were building.
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I això és el que estaven construint.
11:08
This is Wushan, one of the largest cities that was relocated.
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Això és Wushan, una de les ciutats més grans que es van desplaçar.
11:12
This is the town hall for the city.
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Aquest és el quarter general, o l'ajuntament, de la ciutat.
11:15
And again, the rebuilding of the city -- to me, it was sad to see
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I altra vegada, la reconstrucció de la ciutat. Per mi era trist veure
11:20
that they didn't really grab a lot of, I guess,
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que no van agafar molta cosa, suposo,
11:22
what we know here, in terms of urban planning.
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del que sabem aquí, en termes de planificació urbanística.
11:25
There were no parks; there were no green spaces.
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No hi havia parcs, no hi havia espais verds.
11:28
Very high-density living on the side of a hill.
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Una alta densitat d’habitatges al costat d'un turó.
11:31
And here they had a chance to rebuild cities from the bottom up,
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I aquí tenien la oportunitat de reconstruir ciutats des de zero,
11:34
but somehow were not connecting with them.
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però d'alguna manera no estem connectant amb ells.
11:37
Here is a sign that, translated, says, "Obey the birth control law.
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Això és un cartell que, traduït, diu, "Obeïu la llei de control de la natalitat.
11:42
Build our science, civilized and advanced idea of marriage and giving birth."
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Construïu la nostra ciència. Idea civilitzada i avançada de matrimoni i naixement."
11:46
So here, if you look at this poster,
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Aquí doncs, si mireu aquest cartell,
11:49
it has all the trappings of Western culture.
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té totes les trampes de la cultura occidental.
11:52
You're seeing the tuxedos, the bouquets.
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Veieu els esmòquings, els rams de flors.
11:56
But what's really, to me, frightening about the picture
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Però el que és realment espantós, per mi, d'aquesta foto
11:59
and about this billboard is the refinery in the background.
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i d'aquest cartell, és la refineria del fons.
12:02
So it's like marrying up all the things that we have
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És com conjugar totes les coses que tenim
12:05
and it's an adaptation of our way of life, full stop.
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i la seva adaptació de la nostra manera de viure, punt i apart.
12:11
And again, when you start seeing that kind of embrace,
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I altre vegada, quan comences a veure aquest tipus d’acceptació,
12:17
and you start looking at them leading their rural lifestyle
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i comences a veure'ls portant el seu estil de vida rural
12:21
with a very, very small footprint and moving into an urban lifestyle
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amb una petjada molt, molt petita i movent-se a un estil de vida urbà
12:26
with a much higher footprint, it starts to become very sobering.
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amb una petjada molt més gran, comença a ser molt clar.
12:29
This is a shot in one of the biggest squares in Guangdong --
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Aquesta és una foto en una de les places més grans de Guangdong --
12:32
and this is where a lot of migrant workers are coming in from the country.
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i aquí és on molts treballadors immigrants arriben des del camp.
12:37
And there's about 130 million people in migration
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Hi ha prop de 130 milions de persones en migració
12:40
trying to get into urban centers at all times,
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intentant arribar als centres urbans a tota hora.
12:42
and in the next 10 to 15 years, are expecting
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I entre els pròxims 10 a 15 anys, estan esperant
12:46
another 400 to 500 million people to migrate
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que entre 400 i 500 milions de persones emigrin
12:49
into the urban centers like Shanghai and the manufacturing centers.
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als centres urbans com Shangai i als centres industrials.
12:54
The manufacturers are --
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Els fabricants són --
12:56
the domestics are usually -- you can tell a domestic factory by the fact
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els locals són normalment -- els pots reconèixer pel fet
13:00
that they all use the same color uniforms.
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que tots utilitzen el mateix color d'uniformes.
13:03
So this is a pink uniform at this factory. It's a shoe factory.
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Aquest és un uniforme rosa en aquesta fàbrica. És una fàbrica de sabates.
13:06
And they have dorms for the workers.
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I tenen dormitoris per els treballadors.
13:08
So they bring them in from the country and put them up in the dorms.
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Els porten des del camp i els posen als dormitoris.
13:11
This is one of the biggest shoe factories, the Yuyuan shoe factory
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Aquesta és una de les fàbriques de sabates més grans, la fàbrica Yuyuan
13:15
near Shenzhen. It has 90,000 employees making shoes.
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prop de Shanzen. Té 90.000 empleats fent sabates.
13:20
This is a shift change, one of three.
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Aquest és un canvi de torn, un de tres. A cada canvi --
13:23
There's two factories of this scale in the same town.
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hi ha dues fàbriques d'aquesta escala a la mateixa ciutat.
13:26
This is one with 45,000, so every lunch,
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Aquesta en té uns 45.000. Doncs a cada àpat,
13:29
there's about 12,000 coming through for lunch.
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hi ha unes 12.000 persones que van a dinar.
13:31
They sit down; they have about 20 minutes.
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S'asseuen, tenen uns 20 minuts.
13:33
The next round comes in. It's an incredible workforce
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I entra la següent ronda. És una increïble força de treball
13:36
that's building there. Shanghai --
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la que s'està construint allà. Shangai --
13:39
I'm looking at the urban renewal in Shanghai,
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Estic mirant la renovació urbana de Shanghai,
13:42
and this is a whole area that will be flattened
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i aquesta és una àrea sencera que serà derruïda
13:44
and turned into skyscrapers in the next five years.
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i convertida en gratacels en els pròxims cinc anys.
13:49
What's also happening in Shanghai is --
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El que també està passant a Shanghai és --
13:51
China is changing because this wouldn't have happened
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la Xina està canviant perquè això no hauria passat
13:55
five years ago, for instance. This is a holdout.
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fa cinc anys, per exemple. Això és una resistència.
13:57
They're called dengzahoos -- they're like pin tacks to the ground.
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Els anomenen dengzahoos* -- són com xinxetes al terra.
14:00
They won't move. They're not negotiating.
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No es mouran. No estan negociant.
14:02
They're not getting enough, so they're not going to move.
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No els en donen prou, així que no es mouran.
14:05
And so they're holding off until they get a deal with them.
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I estan aguantant fins que obtinguin un acord.
14:08
And they've been actually quite successful in getting better deals
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I de fet se n'han sortit prou bé aconseguint millors tractes
14:11
because most of them are getting a raw deal.
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perquè molts d'ells estan rebent tractes injustos.
14:13
They're being put out about two hours --
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Estan traient en dues hores --
14:15
the communities that have been around for literally hundreds of years,
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les comunitat que han estat allà durant centenars d'anys,
14:18
or maybe even thousands of years,
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o potser fins i tot milers d'anys,
14:20
are being broken up and spread across in the suburban areas
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s'estan trencant i dispersant en àrees suburbanes
14:23
outside of Shanghai. But these are a whole series of guys
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fora de Shanghai. Però hi ha una sèrie de nois
14:26
holding out in this reconstruction of Shanghai.
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aguantant en aquesta reconstrucció de Shanghai.
14:31
Probably the largest urban-renewal project, I think,
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Probablement, crec, el projecte de renovació urbana més gran
14:35
ever attempted on the planet.
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que mai s'hagi intentat al planeta.
14:38
And then the embrace of the things that they're replacing it with --
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I llavors l'acceptació de les coses amb què les estan reemplaçant --
14:41
again, one of my wishes, and I never ended up going there,
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altre vegada, un dels meus desitjos, i mai vaig acabar d'anar-hi,
14:44
was to somehow tell them that there were better ways to build a house.
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era dir-los d'alguna manera que hi ha millors maneres de construir una casa.
14:47
The kinds of collisions of styles and things were quite something,
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El tipus de xoc d'estils i coses era impressionant,
14:53
and these are called the villas.
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i d'aquestes en diuen viles.
14:57
And also, like right now, they're just moving.
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I també, com ara, s'estan movent.
15:00
The scaffolding is still on, and this is an e-waste area,
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La bastida encara hi és, i això és una àrea d'e-residus,
15:04
and if you looked in the foreground on the big print,
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i si miraves el primer pla en la impressió gran,
15:06
you'd see that the industry -- their industry -- they're all recycling.
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podies veure que la indústria -- la seva indústria -- tots estan reciclant.
15:09
So the industry's already growing
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Per tant la indústria ja està creixent
15:11
around these new developments.
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al voltant d'aquests nous desenvolupaments.
15:14
This is a five-level bridge in Shanghai.
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Aquest és un pont de cinc nivells a Shanghai.
15:16
Shanghai was a very intriguing city -- it's exploding on a level
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Shanghai era una ciutat molt intrigant -- està explotant a un nivell
15:22
that I don't think any city has experienced.
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que no crec que cap altre ciutat hagi experimentat.
15:26
In fact, even Shenzhen, the economic zone --
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De fet, fins i tot Shanzen, la zona industrial, o econòmica --
15:31
one of the first ones -- 15 years ago was about 100,000 people,
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una de les primeres -- fa 15 anys tenia uns 100.000 habitants,
15:36
and today it boasts about 10 to 11 million.
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i avui se situen entre 10 i 11 milions.
15:39
So that gives you an idea of the kinds of migrations and the speed with which --
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Això us dóna una idea dels tipus de migració i les velocitats amb les quals --
15:44
this is just the taxis being built by Volkswagen.
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aquests són només els taxis que està fabricant Volkswagen.
15:47
There's 9,000 of them here,
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N'hi ha uns 9.000 aquí,
15:50
and they're being built for most of the big cities,
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i s'estan fabricant per la majoria de les grans ciutats,
15:54
Beijing and Shanghai, Shenzhen.
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Beijing i Shanghai, Shenzhen.
15:57
And this isn't even the domestic car market; this is the taxi market.
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I això no és ni tan sols el mercat de cotxes domèstics, aquests és el mercat del taxi.
16:06
And what we would see here as a suburban development --
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I el que veuríem aquí com a tipus de desenvolupament suburbà --
16:11
a similar thing, but they're all high-rises.
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o una cosa similar, però són tot gratacels.
16:14
So they'll put 20 or 40 up at a time,
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En fan 20 o 40 a la vegada.
16:16
and they just go up in the same way
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i tots els fan iguals,
16:18
as a single-family dwelling would go up here in an area.
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com si fos l'habitatge d'una sola família.
16:25
And the density is quite incredible.
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I la densitat és increïble.
16:28
And one of the things in this picture that I wanted to point out
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I una de les coses que volia assenyalar en aquesta imatge
16:35
is that when I saw these kinds of buildings,
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és que quan vaig veure aquest tipus d'edificis,
16:38
I was shocked to see
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em va xocar veure
16:40
that they're not using a central air-conditioning system;
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que no fan servir un sistema central d'aire condicionat.
16:44
every window has an air conditioner in it.
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Cada finestra té un aire condicionat.
16:47
And I'm sure there are people here who probably
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I estic segur que aquí hi ha gent que probablement
16:50
know better than I do about efficiencies,
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en sabrà més que jo sobre eficiència,
16:52
but I can't imagine that every apartment having its own air conditioner
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però jo no puc imaginar que cada apartament tenint el seu propi aire condicionat
16:56
is a very efficient way to cool a building on this scale.
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sigui una manera molt eficient de refredar un edifici en aquesta escala.
16:58
And when you start looking at that,
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I quan comences a veure això,
17:00
and then you start factoring up into a city the size of Shanghai,
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i llavors ho comences a extrapolar a una ciutat de la mida de Shanghai,
17:05
it's literally a forest of skyscrapers.
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és literalment un bosc de gratacels.
17:08
It's breathtaking, in terms of the speed at which this city is transforming.
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És impressionant, en termes de la velocitat a la que la ciutat s'està transformant.
17:14
And you can see in the foreground of this picture,
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I podeu veure al primer pla d'aquesta imatge,
17:16
it's still one of the last areas that was being held up.
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és encara una de les últimes àrees que estaven aguantant.
17:19
Right now that's all cleared out -- this was done about eight months ago --
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Ara mateix això s'ha netejat tot -- això és va fer fa vuit mesos,
17:22
and high-rises are now going up into that central spot.
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i els gratacels s'estan aixecant en aquest indret central.
17:25
So a skyscraper is built, literally, overnight in Shanghai.
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Un gratacels es construeix doncs, literalment, en un dia a Shanghai.
17:34
Most recently I went in, and I started looking
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Recentment vaig anar-hi i vaig començar a mirar
17:36
at some of the biggest industries in China.
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algunes de les indústries més grans de la Xina.
17:39
And this is Baosteel, right outside of Shanghai.
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Això és Baostel, just a les afores de Shanghai.
17:43
This is the coal supply for the steel factory -- 18 square kilometers.
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Això és el subministrament de carbó per la indústria de l'acer -- 18 kilòmetres quadrats.
17:48
It's an incredibly massive operation, I think 15,000 workers,
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És una operació increïblement massiva, crec que 15.000 treballadors,
17:55
five cupolas, and the sixth one's coming in here.
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cinc cúpules, i la sisena s'està fent.
17:59
So they're building very large blast furnaces
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Doncs estan construint uns forns molt grans
18:04
to try to deal with the demand for steel in China.
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per intentar fer front a la demanda d'acer que hi ha a la Xina.
18:08
So this is three of the visible blast furnaces within that shot.
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Aquests són tres dels forns visibles dins de la foto.
18:13
And again, looking at these images, there's this constant, like, haze that you're seeing.
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I altre cop, mirant les imatges, hi ha aquesta constant boira, que veieu.
18:19
This is going to show you, real time, an assembler. It's a circuit breaker.
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Això us mostra, en temps real, un assemblador. És un tallacircuits.
18:38
10 hours a day at this speed.
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10 hores al dia a aquesta velocitat.
18:52
I think one of the issues
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Crec que un dels problemes
18:58
that we here are facing with China,
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als que ens estem enfrontant amb la Xina,
19:03
is that they're using a lot of the latest production technology.
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es que estan utilitzant moltes de les últimes tecnologies de producció.
19:06
In that one, there were 400 people that worked on the floor.
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En aquesta, hi havia 400 persones treballant a la planta.
19:09
And I asked the manager to point out five of your fastest producers,
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I vaig demanar al gerent que m'assenyalés 5 dels treballadors més ràpids,
19:14
and then I went and looked at each one of them for about 15 or 20 minutes,
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i llavors hi vaig anar i vaig mirar-los a cadascú durant 15 o 20 minuts,
19:18
and picked this one woman.
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i vaig escollir aquesta dona.
19:20
And it was just lightning fast;
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I era verdaderament ràpida,
19:22
the way she was working was almost unbelievable.
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la manera com treballava era gairebé increïble.
19:24
But that is the trick that they've got right now,
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Però aquest és el truc que tenen ells ara mateix,
19:27
that they're winning with, is that they're using
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amb el que estan guanyant, és que estan utilitzant
19:30
all the latest technologies and extrusion machines,
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totes les últimes tecnologies i màquines d'extrusió,
19:32
and bringing all the components into play,
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i ajuntant tots els components dins el joc,
19:36
but the assembly is where they're actually bringing in --
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però l'assemblatge és on estan portant --
19:39
the country workers are very willing to work. They want to work.
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els treballadors del camp disposats a treballar. Ells volen treballar.
19:44
There's a massive backlog of people wanting their jobs.
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Hi ha una llista d'espera massiva de gent que vol feina.
19:48
That condition's going to be there for the next 10 to 15 years
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Aquesta condició serà allà durant els pròxims 10 o 15 anys
19:51
if they realize what they want, which is, you know,
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si s'adonen del que volen, que és, ja ho sabeu,
19:54
400 to 500 million more people coming into the cities.
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de 400 a 500 milions de persones més, venint a les ciutats.
19:57
In this particular case -- this is the assembly line that you saw;
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En aquest cas particular -- aquesta és la línia d’assemblatge que heu vist,
20:00
this is a shot of it.
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i aquesta n'és una foto.
20:01
I had to use a very small aperture to get the depth of field.
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Vaig haver d'utilitzar una obertura molt petita per tenir prou profunditat de camp.
20:04
I had to have them freeze for 10 seconds to get this shot.
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Els vaig haver d'aturar durant 10 segons per aconseguir aquesta foto.
20:09
It took me five fake tries
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Vaig necessitar 5 intents
20:12
because they were just going. To slow them down was literally impossible.
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perquè ells continuaven fent. Parar-los era literalment impossible.
20:16
They were just wound up doing these things all day long,
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Estaven immersos en fer el mateix tot el dia,
20:19
until the manager had to, with a stern voice, say,
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fins que el gerent va haver de dir, amb veu ferma,
20:21
"Okay, everybody freeze."
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"Ok, tothom quiet."
20:23
It wasn't too bad,
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No era molt dolent,
20:26
but they're driven to produce these things at an incredible rate.
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però estan acostumats a produir aquestes coses a una velocitat increïble.
20:32
This is a textile mill doing synthetic silk, an oil byproduct.
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Això és un taller tèxtil fabricant seda sintètica, un subproducte del petroli.
20:39
And what you're seeing here is,
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I el que veieu aquí és,
20:41
again, one of the most state-of-the-art textile mills.
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altre cop, un dels tallers tèxtils més avançats.
20:45
There are 500 of these machines; they're worth about 200,000 dollars each.
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Hi ha 500 màquines com aquesta, cadascuna val uns 200.000 dòlars.
20:48
So you have about 12 people running this,
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Tenen unes 12 persones fent-ho funcionar,
20:50
and they're just inspecting it -- and they're just walking the lines.
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ells només inspeccionen -- només caminen pels passadissos.
20:53
The machines are all running,
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Totes les màquines estan funcionant,
20:55
absolutely incredible to see what the scale of industries are.
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és absolutament increïble veure quina és l'escala de les fàbriques.
20:58
And I started getting in further and further into the factories.
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I vaig començar a endinsar-me més i més a les fàbriques.
21:03
And that's a diptych. I do a lot of pairings
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Això és un díptic, jo faig moltes parelles
21:06
to try and get the sense of scale in these places.
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per intentar copsar el sentit d'escala d'aquests llocs.
21:09
This is a line where they get the threads
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Això és una línia on reben els fils
21:11
and they wind the threads together,
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i els enrotllen tots junts,
21:13
pre-going into the textile mills.
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abans d'anar al taller tèxtil.
21:17
Here's something that's far more labor-intensive,
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Aquesta és una feina molt més intensiva,
21:19
which is the making of shoes.
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que fer sabates.
21:21
This floor has about 1,500 workers on this floor.
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Aquesta planta té uns 1.500 treballadors.
21:26
The company itself had about 10,000 employees,
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La companyia en si, tenia uns 10.000 treballadors,
21:30
and they're doing domestic shoes.
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i estan fent sabates nacionals.
21:33
It was very hard to get into the international companies
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Era molt difícil entrar en companyies internacionals
21:36
because I had to get permission from companies like Nike and Adidas,
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perquè havia d'aconseguir el permís d'empreses com Nike i Adidas,
21:40
and that's very hard to get.
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i això és molt difícil d'aconseguir.
21:42
And they don't want to let me in.
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I ells no volen que hi entri.
21:44
But the domestic was much easier to do.
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Però les locals tenien un accés molt més fàcil.
21:46
It just gives you a sense of, again -- and that's where,
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Us dóna una idea de, altre cop -- i aquí és on,
21:49
really, the whole migration of jobs started going over to China
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realment, la gran migració de treballs va començar a traslladar-se a la Xina
21:52
and making the shoes. Nike was one of the early ones.
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i fent sabates. Nike va ser una de les primeres.
21:55
It was such a high labor component to it
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I era realment -- era un component de mà d'obra tant gran
22:00
that it made a lot of sense to go after that labor market.
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que tenia tot el sentit anar al darrera d'aquesta mà d'obra.
22:03
This is a high-tech mobile phone: Bird mobile phone,
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Això és una telèfon mòbil d'alta tecnologia. El telèfon mòbil Bird,
22:07
one of the largest mobile makers in China.
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un dels fabricants de mòbils més grans de la Xina.
22:09
I think mobile phone companies
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Crec que les companyies de telèfons mòbils
22:12
are popping up, literally, on a weekly basis,
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estan sorgint, literalment en setmanes,
22:16
and they have an explosive growth in mobile phones.
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i tenen un creixement explosiu en telèfons mòbils.
22:20
This is a textile where they're doing shirts --
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Això és una fàbrica tèxtil on fan camises.
22:24
Youngor, the biggest shirt factory and clothing factory in China.
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Youngor, la fàbrica de camises i roba més gran de Xina.
22:27
And this next shot here is one of the lunchrooms.
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I la següent foto és d'un dels menjadors.
22:31
Everything is very efficient.
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Tot és molt eficient.
22:33
While setting up this shot,
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Mentre preparava aquesta foto,
22:35
people on average would spend eight to 10 minutes having a lunch.
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la gent, de mitjana, tardaven de 8 a 10 minuts a dinar.
22:43
This was one of the biggest factories I've ever seen.
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Aquesta va ser una de les fàbriques més grans que mai hagi vist.
22:45
They make coffeemakers here, the biggest coffeemaker
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Fan màquines de cafè aquí, el major fabricant
22:50
and the biggest iron makers --
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i de planxes.
22:54
they make 20 million of them in the world.
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En fan uns 20 milions al món.
22:56
There's 21,000 employees. This one factory -- and they had several of them --
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Hi ha 21.000 empleats. Aquesta fàbrica -- i en tenen unes quantes --
23:01
is half a kilometer long.
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fa mig kilòmetre de llarg.
23:03
These are just recently shot -- I just came back about a month ago,
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Aquestes les acabo de disparar -- Acabo de tornar fa un mes,
23:06
so you're the first ones to be seeing these,
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sou, doncs, els primers a veure,
23:09
these new factory pictures I've taken.
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aquestes noves fotos de fàbriques que he fet.
23:12
So it's taken me almost a year to gain access into these places.
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He necessitat gairebé un any per aconseguir accés a aquests llocs.
23:18
The other aspect of what's happening in China
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L'altre aspecte del que està passant a la Xina
23:21
is that there's a real need for materials there.
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és que hi ha una gran necessitat real de materials.
23:24
So a lot of the recycled materials that are collected here
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Així doncs, molts dels materials reciclats que es recullen aquí
23:27
are being recycled and taken to China by ships.
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es reciclen i s'envien a la Xina en vaixells
23:30
That's cubed metal. This is armatures, electrical armatures,
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Això és metall en cubs. Això són armadures, armadures elèctriques.
23:34
where they're getting the copper and the high-end steel
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d'on estan agafant el coure i l'acer més bo
23:36
from electrical motors out, and recycling them.
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a partir de motors, reciclant-los.
23:41
This is certainly connected to California and Silicon Valley.
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Això està certament connectat amb Califòrnia i Silicon Valley.
23:44
But this is what happens to most of the computers.
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Però això és el que passa a la majoria d'ordinadors.
23:47
Fifty percent of the world's computers end up in China to be recycled.
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El 50 per cent dels ordinadors del món acaba a la Xina per ser reciclat.
23:51
It's referred to as "e-waste" there.
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Aquí en diuen e-residus.
23:53
And it is a bit of a problem. The way they recycle the boards
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I és un problema prou greu. Volen reciclar les plaques
23:57
is that they actually use the coal briquettes,
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de fet ells utilitzen varetes de carbó
24:00
which are used all through China, but they heat up the boards,
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que es fan servir a tota la Xina, però ells escalfen les plaques,
24:03
and with pairs of pliers they pull off all the components.
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i amb parells de pinces extreuen tots els components.
24:06
They're trying to get all the valued metals out of those components.
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Estan intentant treure tots els metalls valuosos d'aquests components.
24:09
But the toxic smells -- when you come into a town
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Però les olors tòxiques -- quan arribes al poble
24:12
that's actually doing this kind of burning of the boards,
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que sorgeix de cremar aquest tipus de plaques,
24:15
you can smell it a good five or 10 kilometers before you get there.
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ho pots olorar com a mínim a 5 o 10 kilòmetres abans d'arribar-hi.
24:18
Here's another operation. It's all cottage industries,
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Aquesta és una altra operació. Són tot fàbriques rurals,
24:21
so it's not big places -- it's all in people's front porches,
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no són grans llocs -- tot passa als porxos de la gent,
24:26
in their backyards, even in their homes they're burning boards,
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als seus patis, fins i tot a casa seva cremen plaques.
24:32
if there's a concern for somebody coming by --
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Si hi ha preocupació per algú que s'acosti --
24:35
because it is considered in China to be illegal, doing it,
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perquè es considera il·legal a la Xina, fer-ho,
24:38
but they can't stop the product from coming in.
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però no poden aturar l'entrada de productes.
24:42
This portrait -- I'm not usually known for portraits,
428
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Aquest retrat -- normalment no sóc conegut per els retrats,
24:45
but I couldn't resist this one, where she's been through Mao,
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però no em vaig poder resistir, ella a viscut a través de Mao,
24:49
and she's been through the Great Leap Forward,
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i del Gran Pas Endavant,
24:51
and the Cultural Revolution, and now she's sitting on her porch
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i de la Revolució Cultural, i ara està seient en un porxo
24:54
with this e-waste beside her. It's quite something.
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amb aquests e-residus al seu costat. Fa pensar.
24:57
This is a road where it's been shored up by computer boards
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Aquesta és una carretera que s'ha inundat amb plaques d'ordinadors
25:01
in one of the biggest towns where they're recycling.
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és un dels pobles més grans on reciclen.
25:04
So that's the photographs that I wanted to show you.
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Aquestes són les fotografies que us volia ensenyar.
25:08
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
25:10
I want to dedicate my wishes to my two girls.
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Vull dedicar els meus desitjos a les meves dues filles.
25:12
They've been sitting on my shoulder the whole time while I've been thinking.
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Han estat seient a la meva espatlla tota l'estona mentre estava pensant.
25:15
One's Megan, the one of the right, and Katja there.
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Una és la Megan, la de la dreta i la Katja allà.
25:18
And to me the whole notion --
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I per mi la noció completa --
25:20
the things I'm photographing are out of a great concern
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les coses que estic fotografiant són una gran preocupació
25:22
about the scale of our progress and what we call progress.
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sobre l'escala del nostre progrés i del que anomenem progrés.
25:27
And as much as there are great things around the corner --
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I encara que hi ha grans coses a la cantonada --
25:30
and it's palpable in this room --
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i és palpable en aquesta sala --
25:33
of all of the things that are just about to break
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de totes les coses que estan a punt de sortir
25:35
that can solve so many problems,
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que poden solucionar molts problemes,
25:38
I'm really hoping that those things will spread around the world
447
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Espero que realment totes aquestes coses s'escamparan arreu del món.
25:41
and will start to have a positive effect.
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I començaran a tenir un efecte positiu.
25:44
And it isn't something that isn't just affecting our world,
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I no és una cosa que afecti només el nostre món,
25:46
but it starts to go up -- because I think we can start correcting
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sinó que comença a anar a més -- perquè crec que podem començar a corregir
25:49
our footprint and bring it down -- but there's a growing footprint
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la nostra petjada i fer-la més petita -- però hi ha una petjada creixent
25:54
that's happening in Asia, and is growing at a rapid, rapid rate,
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que està passant a Àsia, i està creixent a gran velocitat,
25:58
and so I don't think we can equalize it. So ultimately the strategy,
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i no crec que puguem igualar-la. Al final l'estratègia ,
26:03
I think, here is that we have to be very concerned about their evolution,
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penso, és que hem d'estar molt preocupats per la seva evolució.
26:07
because it is going to be connected to our evolution as well.
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Perquè estarà connectada a la nostra evolució també.
26:11
So part of my thinking, and part of my wishes,
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Part del meu pensament doncs, i part dels meus desitjos,
26:14
is sitting with these thoughts in mind,
457
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és seure amb aquests pensaments a la ment,
26:17
and thinking about,
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i pensar sobre,
26:19
"How is their life going to be when they want to have children,
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"Com serà la seva vida quan elles vulguin tenir fills,
26:22
or when they're ready to get married 20 years from now -- or whatever,
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o quan es preparin per casar-se d’aquí a 20 anys -- o el que sigui,
26:25
15 years from now?"
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d'aquí a 15 anys?"
26:27
And to me that has been the core behind most of my thinking --
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I per mi aquest ha estat el nucli darrere el meu pensament.
26:30
in my work, and also for this incredible chance to have some wishes.
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A la meva feina, i també per aquesta increïble oportunitat de tenir alguns desitjos.
26:38
Wish one: world-changing. I want to use my images
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Desig 1: canvi-mundial. Vull utilitzar les meves imatges
26:42
to persuade millions of people to join in the global conversation on sustainability.
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per persuadir milions de persones a unir-se a la conversa global sobre sostenibilitat
26:47
And it is through communications today
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I és a través de la comunicació avui
26:50
that I believe that that is not an unreal idea.
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que crec que no és una idea irreal.
26:54
Oh, and I went in search -- I wanted to put what I had in mind,
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Oh, i vaig sortir a la recerca -- Volia posar el que tenia al cap,
26:58
hitch it onto something. I didn't want a wish just to start from nowhere.
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enganxar-ho a alguna cosa. No volia que el desig comencés d'enlloc.
27:02
One of them I'm starting from almost nothing, but the other one,
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Un d'ells el començo gairebé des de zero, però l'altre,
27:05
I wanted to find out what's going on that's working right now.
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volia trobar que és el que funciona ara mateix.
27:08
And Worldchanging.com is a fantastic blog, and that blog
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I Worldchanging.com és un blog fantàstic, i aquest blog
27:16
is now being visited by close to half-a-million people a month.
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el visiten ara prop de mig milió de persones al mes.
27:21
And it just started about 14 months ago.
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I va començar fa tan sols 14 mesos.
27:26
And the beauty of what's going on there
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I la bellesa del que passa allà
27:28
is that the tone of the conversation is the tone that I like.
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és que el to de la conversa és el to que m'agrada.
27:34
What they're doing there is that they're not --
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El que fan allà és que no fan --
27:37
I think the environmental movement has failed
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penso que el moviment ambiental ha fallat
27:40
in that it's used the stick too much;
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en el fet que ha utilitzat massa el bastó.
27:42
it's used the apocalyptic tone too much;
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Ha utilitzat massa el to apocalíptic.
27:45
it hasn't sold the positive aspects of
481
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No ha venut els aspectes positius
27:50
being environmentally concerned and trying to pull us out.
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d'estar preocupat ambientalment i intentar avançar,
27:53
Whereas this conversation that is going on in this blog
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mentre que la conversa que es manté en aquest blog
27:56
is about positive movements,
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és sobre els moviments positius.
27:59
about how to change our world in a better way, quickly.
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Sobre com canviar el nostre món en la millor manera, ràpidament.
28:02
And it's looking at technology, and it's looking at new energy-saving devices,
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I és mirant cap a la tecnologia, i és mirant cap a aparells per estalviar energia,
28:07
and it's looking at how to rethink and how to re-strategize
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i és mirant a com repensem i com redirigim
28:11
the movement towards sustainability.
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el moviment cap a la sostenibilitat.
28:14
And so for me, one of the things that I thought
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I per mi, una de les coses que vaig pensar
28:18
would be to put some of my work in the service of promoting
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seria posar part del meu treball al servei de promoure
28:24
the Worldchanging.com website.
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el website Worldchanging.com.
28:27
Some of you might know, he's a TEDster -- Stephen Sagmeister and I
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Molts de vosaltres coneixereu, ell és un TEDster -- Stephen Sagmeister i jo
28:32
are working on some layouts. And this is still in preliminary stages;
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estem treballant en alguns layouts. I això està en fases preliminars.
28:36
these aren't the finals. But these images, with Worldchanging.com,
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Aquests no són definitius. Però aquests imatges, amb Worldchanging.com,
28:42
can be placed into any kind of media.
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es poden posar en qualsevol tipus de mitjà.
28:44
They could be posted through the Web;
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Es poden penjar a la Web,
28:47
they could be used as a billboard or a bus shelter, or anything of that nature.
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es poden utilitzar en tanques publicitàries, parades d'autobus, o qualsevol cosa similar.
28:54
So we're looking at this as trying to build out.
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Estem mirant això intentant construir.
28:58
And what we ended up discussing
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I el que vam acabar discutint
29:00
was that in most media you get mostly an image with a lot of text,
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era que en molts mitjans acabes amb una imatge amb molt de text,
29:05
and the text is blasted all over.
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i aquest text s’estén per sobre.
29:07
What was unusual, according to Stephen,
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El que era inusual, segons l'Stephen,
29:09
is less than five percent of ads are actually leading with image.
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és que menys del 5 per cent dels anuncis parteixen de la imatge.
29:14
And so in this case,
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En aquest cas doncs,
29:16
because it's about a lot of these images and what they represent,
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perquè és sobre moltes de les imatges i el que representen,
29:19
and the kinds of questions they bring up,
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i el tipus de preguntes que fan sorgir,
29:21
that we thought letting the images play out and bring someone to say,
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que vam creure deixar la imatge que jugués i portés algú a dir,
29:26
"Well, what's Worldchanging.com, with these images, have to do?"
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"Bé, que té a veure Worldchanging.com amb aquestes imatges?"
29:31
And hopefully inspire people to go to that website.
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I amb una mica de sort, inspirar la gent a anar a aquest website.
29:35
So Worldchanging.com, and building that blog, and it is a blog,
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Worldchanging.com doncs, i construint aquest blog, i és un blog,
29:39
and I'm hoping that it isn't -- I don't see it as the kind of blog
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i espero que no sigui -- no el veig com el tipus de blog
29:42
where we're all going to follow each other to death.
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on ens seguirem els uns als altres fins a la mort.
29:44
This one is one that will spoke out, and will go out,
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Aquest n'és un que es farà conèixer, i progressarà,
29:47
and to start reaching. Because right now there's conversations
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i començarà a arribar. Perquè ara mateix hi ha converses
29:50
in India, in China, in South America --
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a la Índia, a Xina, a Sud Amèrica --
29:52
there's entries coming from all around the world.
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hi ha entrades procedents d'arreu del món.
29:55
I think there's a chance to have a dialogue, a conversation
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Penso que hi ha la oportunitat de tenir un diàleg, una conversa
29:58
about sustainability at Worldchanging.com.
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sobre sostenibilitat a Worldchanging.com.
30:01
And anything that you can do to promote that would be fantastic.
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I qualsevol cosa que puguis fer per promoure-ho seria fantàstic.
30:06
Wish two is more of the bottom-up, ground-up one that I'm trying to work with.
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El segon desig comença més des de baix, des de sota, en el que treballaré.
30:09
And this one is: I wish to launch a groundbreaking competition
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I és aquest: Desitjo iniciar una competició innovadora
30:13
that motivates kids to invest ideas on, and invent ideas on, sustainability.
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que motivi els nens en invertir idees a, en inventar idees sobre, sostenibilitat.
30:20
And one of the things that came out --
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I una de les coses que va sortir --
30:22
Allison, who actually nominated me, said something earlier on
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l'Allison, que de fet em va nominar, em va dir una cosa abans
30:25
in a brainstorming. She said that recycling in Canada
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en una pluja d'idees. Va dir que el reciclatge a Canada
30:28
had a fantastic entry into our psyche through kids between grade four and six.
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tenia una fantàstica entrada a la nostra psique a través de nens entre quart i sisè curs.
30:36
And you think about it, you know,
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I t'hi poses a pensar, sabeu,
30:38
grade four -- my wife and I, we say age seven is the age of reason,
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quart curs -- la meva dona i jo, diem que els 7 anys és l'edat de la raó,
30:42
so they're into the age of reason. And they're pre-puberty.
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1818000
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ells estan doncs a l'edat de la raó. I estan a la pre-pubertat.
30:46
So it's this great window where they actually are --
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És doncs, en una gran finestra on es troben --
30:48
you can influence them. You know what happens at puberty?
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els pots influenciar. Sabeu que passa a la pubertat?
30:51
You know, we know that from earlier presentations.
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Ho sabeu, ho sabeu de presentacions anteriors.
30:54
So my thinking here is that we try to motivate those kids
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El meu pensament aquí és que intentem motivar aquests nens
31:01
to start driving home ideas. Let them understand what sustainability is,
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a començar a portar idees a casa. Fem-los entendre què és la sostenibilitat,
31:05
and that they have a vested interest in it to happen.
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i que tinguin un interès personal en que passi.
31:07
And one of the ways I thought of doing it is to use my prize,
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I una de les maneres en que vaig pensar que podria fer-ho és utilitzar el meu premi,
31:12
so I would take 30,000 or 40,000 dollars of the winnings,
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utilitzaria doncs 30.000 o 40.000 dol.lars del premi,
31:16
and the rest is going to be to manage this project,
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i la resta aniria a gestionar aquest projecte.
31:18
but to use that as prizes for kids to get into their hands.
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Utilitzar-los com a premis per als nens.
31:21
But the other thing that I thought would be fantastic
540
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Però l'altre cosa que, pensava, podria ser fantàstica
31:23
was to create these -- call them "prize targets."
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era crear aquests -- diguem-ne premis objectius.
31:27
And so one could be for the best sustainable idea
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Un doncs, seria per la millor idea sostenible
31:31
for an in-school project, the best one for a household project,
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per un projecte dins l'escola. Un per el millor projecte a casa.
31:36
or it could be the best community project for sustainability.
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O podria ser el millor projecte comunitari per la sostenibilitat.
31:39
And I also thought there should be a nice prize
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També vaig pensar que hi hauria d'haver un bon premi
31:42
for the best artwork for "In My World." And what would happen --
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per la millor obra d'art per "Al Meu Món". I el que podria passar --
31:46
it's a scalable thing. And if we can get people to put in things --
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és una cosa escalable. I si podem aconseguir que la gent posi les coses,
31:51
whether it's equipment, like a media lab,
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sigui equipament, sigui un laboratori de mitjans,
31:53
or money to make the prize significant enough --
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o diners per fer el premi prou significatiu --
31:55
and to open it up to all the schools that are public schools,
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i obrir-lo a totes les escoles públiques,
32:00
or schools that are with kids that age,
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o escoles que estan amb nens d'aquesta edat,
32:02
and make it a wide-open competition for them
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i fer-la una competició oberta perquè ells
32:05
to go after those prizes and to submit them.
553
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vulguin perseguir aquests premis i participar.
32:07
And the prize has to be a verifiable thing, so it's not about just ideas.
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I el premi ha de ser una cosa verificable, no és doncs només sobre idees.
32:12
The art pieces are about the ideas and how they present them
555
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Les peces artístiques són sobre les idees i com es presenten
32:15
and do them, but the actual things have to be verifiable.
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i fer-les, però les coses han de ser verificables.
32:18
In that way, what's happening is that
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D'aquesta manera, el que passa és que
32:20
we're motivating a certain age group to start thinking.
558
1916000
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estem motivant un cert grup d'edat a començar a pensar.
32:23
And they're going to push that up, from the bottom -- up into,
559
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I ho empenyeran amunt des de sota -- amunt cap a,
32:28
I believe, into the households. And parents will be reacting to it,
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crec, cap a les cases. I els pares començaran a reaccionar-hi,
32:32
and trying to help them with the projects.
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i intentaran ajudar-los amb els projectes.
32:34
And I think it starts to motivate the whole idea towards sustainability
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I penso que comença a motivar la idea general cap a la sostenibilitat
32:38
in a very positive way,
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d'una manera molt positiva,
32:40
and starts to teach them. They know about recycling now,
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i els comença a ensenyar. Ja saben sobre reciclatge ara
32:43
but they don't really, I think, get sustainability in all the things,
565
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però penso que no entenen la sostenibilitat en totes les coses,
32:46
and the energy footprint, and how that matters.
566
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la petjada energètica i com n’és d'important.
32:49
And to teach them, to me, would be a fantastic wish,
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I per ensenyar-los, per mi, seria un desig fantàstic,
32:53
and it would be something that I would certainly put my shoulder into.
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i seria una cosa on realment m'hi esforçaria.
32:58
And again, in "In My World," the competition --
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I altre cop, a "El Meu Món", la competició --
33:00
we would use the artwork that comes in from that competition to promote it.
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utilitzaríem l'art que provingui de la competició per promocionar-lo.
33:04
And I like the words, "in my world,"
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I m'agraden les paraules, "Al Meu Món,"
33:06
because it gives possession of the world to the person who's doing it.
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perquè dona una possessió del món a la persona que ho fa.
33:09
It is my world; it's not someone else's. I want to help it;
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És el meu món, no és de ningú altre, jo vull ajudar.
33:12
I want to do something with it. So I think it has a great opportunity
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Jo vull fer-ne alguna cosa. Penso doncs que és una gran oportunitat
33:17
to engage the imaginations -- and great ideas, I think, come from kids --
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per atraure la imaginació -- i les grans idees, crec, venen dels nens --
33:22
and engage their imagination into a project,
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i posar la seva imaginació en un projecte,
33:24
and do something for schools.
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i fer alguna cosa per les escoles.
33:26
I think all schools could use extra equipment, extra cash --
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Crec que les escoles podrien utilitzar equipament extra i diner extra --
33:29
it's going to be an incentive for them to do that.
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serà un incentiu per fer-ho.
33:33
And these are some of the ideas in terms of where
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I aquestes són algunes de les idees en termes d'on
33:36
we could possibly put in some promotion for "In My World."
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podríem posar part de la promoció per "Al Meu Món."
33:42
And wish three is: Imax film. So I was told I should do one for myself,
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I el tercer desig és una pel·lícula Imax. Em van dir que n'hauria de fer una jo mateix,
33:48
and I've always wanted to actually get involved with doing something.
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i sempre he volgut involucrar-me en fer alguna cosa.
33:52
And the scale of my work, and the kinds of ideas I'm playing with --
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I l'escala de la meva feina, i el tipus d’idees amb què jugo --
33:55
when I first saw an Imax film, I almost immediately thought,
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el primer cop que vaig veure una pel·lícula Imax, immediatament vaig pensar,
33:58
"There's a real resonance between what I'm trying to do
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"Hi ha una ressonància real entre el que intento fer,
34:00
and the scale of what I try to do as a photographer."
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i l'escala del que intento fer com a fotògraf."
34:03
And I think there's a real possibility
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I penso que hi ha una possibilitat real de fer un potent --
34:07
to reach new audiences if I had a chance.
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d'arribar a noves audiències si tinc la oportunitat.
34:09
So I'm looking, really, for a mentor, because I just had my birthday.
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Estic buscant, doncs, un mentor, perquè acaba de ser el meu aniversari.
34:13
I'm 50, and I don't have time to go back to school right now --
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Tinc 50 anys i no tinc temps de tornar a l'escola ara --
34:16
I'm too busy. So I need somebody
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Estic massa ocupat. Necessito algú
34:18
who can put me on a quick catch-up course on how to do something like that,
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que em posi en un curs ràpid de com fer una cosa com aquesta,
34:23
and lead me through the maze of how one does something like this.
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i conduir-me a través del laberint de com fer una cosa així.
34:27
That would be fantastic. So those are my three wishes.
595
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Això seria fantàstic. Aquest doncs, són els meus tres desitjos.
34:30
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Edward Burtynsky - Photographer2005 TED Prize winner Edward Burtynsky has made it his life's work to document humanity's impact on the planet. His riveting photographs, as beautiful as they are horrifying, capture views of the Earth altered by mankind.
Why you should listen
To describe Canadian photographer Edward Burtynsky's work in a single adjective, you have to speak French: jolie-laide. His images of scarred landscapes -- from mountains of tires to rivers of bright orange waste from a nickel mine -- are eerily pretty yet ugly at the same time. Burtynsky's large-format color photographs explore the impact of humanity's expanding footprint and the substantial ways in which we're reshaping the surface of the planet. His images powerfully alter the way we think about the world and our place in it.
With his blessing and encouragement, WorldChanging.com and others use his work to inspire ongoing global conversations about sustainable living. Burtynsky's photographs are included in the collections of over 50 museums around the world, including the Tate, London and the Museum of Modern Art and the Guggenheim in New York City. A large-format book, 2003's Manufactured Landscapes, collected his work, and in 2007, a documentary based on his photography, also called Manufactured Landscapes, debuted at the Toronto Film Festival before going on to screen at Sundance and elsewhere. It was released on DVD in March 2007. In 2008, after giving a talk at the Long Now Foundation, Burtynsky proposed "The 10,000 Year Gallery," which could house art to be curated over thousands of years preserved through carbon transfers in an effort to reflect the attitudes and changes of the world over time.
When Burtynsky accepted his 2005 TED Prize, he made three wishes. One of his wishes: to build a website that will help kids think about going green. Thanks to WGBH and the TED community, the show and site Meet the Greens debuted at TED2007. His second wish: to begin work on an Imax film, which morphed into the jaw-dropping film Manufactured Landscapes with Jennifer Baichwal. And his third wish, wider in scope, was simply to encourage "a massive and productive worldwide conversation about sustainable living." Thanks to his help and the input of the TED community, the site WorldChanging.com got an infusion of energy that has helped it to grow into a leading voice in the sustainability community.
In 2016, he won a Governor General's Award in Visual and Media Arts for his work.
Edward Burtynsky | Speaker | TED.com