David Baker: 5 challenges we could solve by designing new proteins
David Baker: 5 desafíos que podríamos resolver mediante el diseño de nuevas proteínas
David Baker designs new biomolecules (proteins) from first principles to address 21st-century challenges in health and technology. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
amazing machines in the world
más maravillosas del mundo
con ellas hoy en día.
functions in our bodies.
importantes en nuestro cuerpo.
of building blocks called amino acids.
por bloques llamados aminoácidos.
un alfabeto de 20 aminoácidos,
you may have heard of.
los nombres de algunos.
each bump is an atom.
cada puntito es un átomo.
cause these long stringy molecules
hacen que esas conexiones moleculares
three-dimensional structures.
tridimensionales únicas.
to its characteristic shape each time,
característica siempre,
takes just a fraction of a second.
toma solo una fracción de segundo.
their remarkable biological functions.
sus excepcionales funciones biológicas.
in the lungs perfectly suited
toma una forma perfectamente apta
of amino acids in the protein chain.
de aminoácidos en la cadena proteínica.
on top is an amino acid.
representan un aminoácido.
specify the amino acid sequences
las secuencias de aminoácidos
sequence of a single protein.
aminoácidos de cada proteína.
these amino acid sequences
secuencias de aminoácidos,
and functions of proteins
de las proteínas,
del plegamiento de proteínas.
shapes a protein can adopt.
adoptar muchas formas diferentes.
to harness the power of proteins
el poder de las proteínas
to the amino acid sequences
en las secuencias de aminoácidos
en la naturaleza.
that our Stone Age ancestors used
en la Edad de Piedra
from the sticks and stones
instrumentos con piedras y palos
by modifying birds.
aves para aprender a volar.
uncovered the principles of aerodynamics.
los científicos,
de la aerodinámica.
to design custom flying machines.
para diseñar máquinas voladoras.
principles of protein folding
del plegamiento de proteínas
in the computer program called Rosetta.
de computadora llamado Rosetta.
from scratch on the computer.
proteínas completamente nuevas desde cero.
in a synthetic gene.
aminoácidos en un gen sintético.
is completely new,
es completamente nueva,
which currently exists that encodes it.
en el planeta que la codifique.
protein folding
del plegamiento de proteínas
of gene synthesis
costo de la síntesis de genes,
in computing power,
computacional con la ley de Moore,
tens of thousands of new proteins,
de miles de proteínas nuevas,
in a synthetic gene.
these brand-new proteins.
crear nuevas proteínas.
as we designed them to
funciona como lo planeado
to make new proteins,
crear proteínas nuevas,
en la naturaleza,
of the total number of proteins possible.
pequeña fracción de las proteínas.
an alphabet of 20 amino acids,
un alfabeto de 20 aminoácidos,
of about 100 amino acids,
de alrededor de 100 aminoácidos,
is 20 times 20 times 20, 100 times,
20 x 20 x 20, 100 veces,
of 10 to the 130th power,
de 10 a la potencia 130,
than the total number of proteins
el total de proteínas
since life on earth began.
que la vida comenzó.
using computational protein design.
de proteínas por computadora.
faced by natural evolution.
afrontados por la evolución natural.
enfermedades son importantes.
diseases are important.
contaminando el planeta,
of ecological challenges.
de retos ecológicos.
to solve those challenges.
para resolver esos retos.
millions of years to wait.
protein design,
computacional de proteínas
to address these challenges today.
para afrontar esos retos ahora.
biology out of the Stone Age
biología de la Edad de Piedra
in protein design.
del diseño de proteínas.
that we can design new proteins
diseñar nuevas proteínas
by stimulating your immune system
el sistema inmune
against a pathogen.
fuerte ante un patógeno.
proteins from pathogens,
proteínas de patógenos,
from the respiratory virus RSV.
del virus respiratorio VSR.
with the viral protein,
con la proteína viral,
immune response to the virus
más fuerte al virus
that have been tested.
que se haya probado.
is currently one of the leading causes
actualmente una de las principales causas
to break down gluten in your stomach
que descomponen el gluten en el estómago
your immune system to fight cancer.
sistema inmune para combatir el cáncer.
of the protein design revolution.
de la revolución del diseño de proteínas.
technological revolution:
tecnológica anterior:
due to advances in one place,
por los avances en un lugar:
collaborative environment,
ambiente colaborativo abierto,
from around the world.
talentos de todo el mundo.
string of innovations --
innovaciones extraordinarias:
satellite communication
la comunicación satelital,
the Bell Laboratories of protein design.
laboratorios Bell del diseño de proteínas.
talented scientists from around the world
talentosos de todo el mundo
design revolution,
del diseño de proteínas,
on five grand challenges.
retos mayores.
from around the world
cepas de gripe de todo el mundo
of the designed protein particles
de proteínas que diseñamos
vacuna universal contra la gripe.
of protection against the flu.
de por vida contra la gripe.
new vaccines on the computer
nuevas vacunas por computadora
against natural flu epidemics
de las epidemias naturales de gripe
acts of bioterrorism.
de bioterrorismo.
nature's limited alphabet
el limitado alfabeto de la naturaleza
nuevos candidatos terapéuticos,
for conditions such as chronic pain,
como el dolor crónico,
of thousands of amino acids.
de miles de aminoácidos.
advanced delivery vehicles
vehículos avanzados de entrega
exactly where they need to go in the body.
a donde el cuerpo las requiere.
para un tumor
where gene repair needs to take place.
que necesitan ser reparados.
that can do calculations within the body
inteligentes que hagan estimaciones
subset of immune cells
subconjunto de células inmunes
majority of healthy immune cells.
de células inmunes saludables.
biological materials
biológicos sin igual,
tooth and others,
de abulón, dientes y otros,
protein-based materials
materiales de proteínas
and ecological issues.
en energías y ecología.
we're growing our institute.
nuestro instituto está creciendo.
talented and diverse scientists
talentosos y llenos de energía
at all career stages,
etapa de su carrera,
in the protein design revolution
revolución del diseño de proteínas
folding and design game, "Foldit."
de plegamiento y diseño "Foldit".
computing project, Rosetta@home,
de computadora "Rosetta@home",
or your Android smartphone.
y celular inteligente Android.
through protein design is my life's work.
mejor a través del diseño de proteínas.
what we can do together.
que podemos lograr juntos.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Baker - Computational biologistDavid Baker designs new biomolecules (proteins) from first principles to address 21st-century challenges in health and technology.
Why you should listen
David Baker is fascinated by biological self-organization. For example: How does the information stored in DNA translate into the intricate world of proteins and cells? The DNA code was solved more than 50 years ago, but the protein folding code has remained one of biology's greatest challenges. Starting 20 years ago, Baker's research team began using computers to model the structures of proteins. His work has advanced to the point where he can now not only predict the shape of natural proteins but also design completely new ones. In recent years, he's designed new experimental cancer therapies, vaccines, nanomaterials and more. He believes that the emerging field of protein design will fundamentally change how people make medicines, materials and more around the world. Now that the protein folding code is solved, the sky's the limit.
Baker is a Professor of Biochemistry and the Director of the Institute for Protein Design at the University of Washington in Seattle. He's also an Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Adjunct Professor of Genome Sciences, Bioengineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Science, and Physics at the UW. With his colleagues, he developed the Rosetta Commons, the Rosetta@Home project and Foldit, a science video game. He has also launched more than ten companies that are seeking to bring designed proteins into the real world.
David Baker | Speaker | TED.com