Yaniv Erlich: How we're building the world's largest family tree
Yaniv Erlich: Cómo estamos construyendo el mayor árbol genealógico del mundo
Yaniv Erlich is fascinated by the connection between DNA and data. Full bio
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for various reasons.
popular categories of website
más populares de páginas web
typically consume in private.
normalmente en privado.
of self-indulgence
de autocomplacencia
the reproductive activities
actividades reproductivas
de la genealogía...
la historia familiar
that is obsessed with genealogy.
obsesionada con la genealogía.
you want to sit next to
a cuyo lado te quieres sentar
with peculiar details
con detalles concretos
que las historias del tío Bernie
for biomedical research.
para la investigación biomédica.
and his fellow genealogists
y sus amigos genealogistas
a genealogy website called geni.com.
a través de una web llamada geni.com.
suben sus árboles a la web
their trees to the website,
con árboles existentes
and the new tree together.
family trees are created,
árboles genealógicos enormes,
of each genealogist.
de cada genealogista.
with millions of people
con millones de personas
of a family tree of all humankind.
un árbol genealógico de toda la humanidad.
125 millones de personas
on the screens over here
en estas pantallas
of 6,000 individuals.
un subconjunto de 6000 individuos.
pueden ver los ancestros.
you see the ancestors.
verán los descendientes.
you see the descendants.
siete generaciones.
generations, approximately.
when we increase the number of individuals
el número de individuos
of all the data that we have.
de los datos que tenemos.
the formation of gigantic family trees
árboles genealógicos enormes
of our genealogists,
de nuestros genealogistas,
hundreds of years ago.
hasta cientos de años.
a Alexander Hamilton,
US Secretary of the Treasury,
Secretario del Tesoro de EE.UU.
due to a popular Broadway musical.
por un musical popular de Broadway.
connections in the showbiz industry.
conexiones en el mundo del espectáculo.
of a lady from Scotland
de una señora de Escocia
que Alexander Hamilton
con Kevin Bacon.
of stories like that.
millones de historias como esa.
to validate the quality of our data.
en validar la calidad de nuestros datos.
the mother-child connections in our data
conexiones madre-hijo de nuestros datos
en EE.UU. antes de la II Guerra Mundial.
in the US pre-Second World War.
connections in our data are wrong.
de nuestros datos son erróneos.
in patrilineal connections
en las conexiones patrilineales
a similar error rate
una tasa de error similar
de nuestros datos es buena
a profound, vested interest
tienen un profundo interés
their family history.
su historia familiar.
quantitative information about humanity,
información cuantitativa de la humanidad,
on the map of the world.
los perfiles del mapa del mundo.
that lived at some point.
que vivió en un momento dado.
of many countries,
the map that I've showed you
el mapa que les enseñamos
from 1400 to 1900,
de los individuos entre 1400 y 1900,
to known migration events.
movimientos migratorios conocidos.
that the deepest lineages in our data
más profundas de nuestros datos
las rutas del colonialismo occidental.
the routes of Western colonialism.
llega a Massachusetts]
se asientan en Sudáfrica]
a transportar presos a Australia]
transportation to Australia starts]
usan la Senda de Oregón]
are giving the context of families,
ponen en contexto a las familias,
between the birth locations
entre los lugares de nacimiento
a pivotal role in demography,
fundamental en la demografía
people migrate to form families
la gente emigra para formar familias
in geographical areas.
los genes en áreas geográficas.
usando nuestros datos,
in the village nearby.
con gente del pueblo de al lado.
really complicated our love life.
complicó nuestra vida amorosa.
and online social media,
y con las redes sociales,
100 kilometers from their place of birth
100 km de su lugar de nacimiento
of migrating from places to places
de emigrar de un sitio a otro
para afrontar esta cuestión
hacen el trabajo arduo
to places to form families.
a otros para formar familias.
are statistically significant,
estadísticamente relevantes,
that males are lazy.
científico que los varones son vagos.
about demography
sobre demografía
account for differences in life span
las diferencias en la esperanza de vida
of longevity between twins
de la longevidad entre gemelos
variations account for
genéticas justifican
in life span between individuals.
en la esperanza de vida entre individuos.
por diversas razones,
due to so many reasons,
efectos medioambientales
to analyze both close relatives,
nos permiten analizar parientes próximos,
even fourth cousins.
incluso primos cuartos.
construir modelos robustos
of genetic variations
de variaciones genéticas
usando nuestros datos,
explain only 15 percent
genéticas solo explican solo el 15 %
between individuals.
entre individuos.
what we thought before to life span.
de lo que pensábamos.
our actions can matter more.
pueden importar más.
10 years of our life expectancy --
10 años de nuestra esperanza de vida,
descubrimientos sorprendentes
document and crowdsource DNA information.
y recopilen información sobre el ADN.
but Uncle Bernie and his friends
pero el tío Bernie y sus amigos
what the FBI currently has.
a las que tiene actualmente el FBI.
on a large family tree,
en un árbol genealógico grande,
of distant relatives
that originated the DNA.
on a large family tree,
en un árbol genealógico grande,
of an unknown person,
de una persona desconocida,
uses multiple satellites
usan múltiples satélites
of the power of this technique
del Golden State,
in the history of the US.
de la historia de EE.UU.
for this person for over 40 years.
buscando a esta persona.
in any police database.
en las bases de datos policiales.
consulted a genetic genealogist,
a una genealogista genética
his DNA to a genealogy service
a un servicio de genealogía
of the Golden State Killer.
del asesino de Golden State.
branches of that tree,
que coincidía exactamente
that exactly matched
the Golden State Killer.
del asesino de Golden State.
and found a perfect match
y obtuvieron una coincidencia perfecta
and brought him to justice
ante la justicia
have started working with
genéticos han estado trabajando
locales de EE.UU.
in order to capture criminals.
para detener criminales.
over 20 cold cases with this technique.
20 casos sin resolver.
Bernie and his fellow genealogists
el tío Bernie y sus colegas genealogistas.
with a self-serving hobby.
tienen una afición egoísta.
with a deep passion to tell us who we are.
gran pasión de decirnos quiénes somos.
can hold a key to the future.
puede ser la clave del futuro.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Yaniv Erlich - Computational geneticistYaniv Erlich is fascinated by the connection between DNA and data.
Why you should listen
As a professor and researcher at Columbia University and as CSO of MyHeritage.com, Yaniv Erlich has performed foundational work in genetic privacy and large-scale studies of crowdsourced genomic data. Dubbed a "genome hacker" by the journal Nature, Erlich and his team discovered a privacy loophole enabling reidentification of allegedly anonymous male research participants using just internet searches and their Y chromosome. Later, he discovered that 60 percent of all US individuals with European descent can be identified by forensic genetics using open genetic genealogy databases, which Science magazine called one of the top 10 breakthroughs of 2018.
Erlich is also responsible for the construction of the world's largest family tree, comprising 13 million people, as well as the development of the website DNA.land, which has compiled the genotypes of more than 150,000 donors. He has also worked to discover the genetic bases for several conditions in Israeli families. His team has demonstrated stable DNA data storage, reaching a density of 215 petabyte per gram of DNA. He's been awarded numerous prizes, has published more than 45 papers and authored seven patents.
Yaniv Erlich | Speaker | TED.com