Irina Kareva: Math can help uncover cancer's secrets
Irina Kareva: Los secretos del cáncer revelados a través de las matemáticas
Irina Kareva is looking for answers to biological questions using mathematical modeling. Full bio
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son sistemas de ecuaciones diferenciales
of differential equations,
behavior over time
el comportamiento
en un período del tiempo.
de cómo estos elementos
interact with each other
these assumptions into equations,
estas suposiciones a ecuaciones,
into the language of biology.
al idioma de la biología.
do not think about what things are;
no pensamos en lo que son las cosas,
between individuals,
and with their environment.
y con su ambiente.
have in common?
y las células inmunitarias?
se alimentan de conejos
such as cancer cells.
de organismos invasores,
of predator-prey type equations
de ecuaciones del tipo predador-presa
between foxes and rabbits
entre zorros y conejos,
y las células inmunitarias.
han sido ampliamente estudiados
have been studied extensively
of two populations,
entre dos poblaciones,
on consuming the other.
se basa en el consumo de la otra.
brindan el marco
provide a framework
entre el cáncer y la inmunología,
cancer-immune interactions,
to prevent the predator from killing it,
para impedir que su predador la mate,
sumamente interesantes.
interesting implications.
in the field of immunotherapy,
logrado en el campo de la inmunoterapia,
somewhat limited efficacy
como las células inmunitarias
such as glucose to survive.
para sobrevivir, como la glucosa.
vencen a las células inmunitarias
the immune cells for shared nutrients
por los nutrientes compartidos
se verán físicamente impedidas
not be able to do their job.
resource type model
predador-presa-recurso compartido
in my own research.
experimentalmente
in the tumor microenvironment --
inmunitarias obtengan su alimento--
immune cells get their food --
their edge in fighting cancer, the prey.
o sea, a los predadores,
es decir, a la presa.
un ejercicio de abstracción
as an ecosystem,
como un ecosistema
heterogéneas de células
compete and cooperate
the immune system --
es decir, con el sistema inmunitario,
of the human body.
del cuerpo humano.
ecosystems from conservation biology?
de la biología conservacionista?
to extinguish species
de extinguir una especie
the key components
and therapeutic interventions
e intervenciones terapéuticas
and affordable way
segura y económica
of the microenvironment
del microambiente
without harming the host,
sin dañar al huésped,
goal of my research
de mi investigación
y la innovación, y reducir los costos,
is to save lives.
es, obviamente, salvar vidas.
applied to biology,
aplicados a la biología,
to the development of drugs.
recently has remained somewhat marginal,
este campo estuvo un tanto relegado,
mathematical methods,
muy bien desarrollados,
de herramientas preprogramadas,
of computational power available to us.
recursos informáticos al alcance.
of mathematical modeling
de los modelos matemáticos
that it makes you formalize,
de manera muy rigurosa
son verdaderas, ¿qué espero ver?
for testing biological hypotheses.
para evaluar hipótesis biológicas.
con nuestras observaciones,
so we can make further predictions
hacer otras predicciones,
aspect of the model.
do not match our observations,
no coinciden con nuestras observaciones,
algunas de nuestras suposiciones
of our assumptions are wrong,
of the key mechanisms
de los mecanismos clave
are causing the discrepancy.
ocasionan la discrepancia.
identified gap in knowledge
este nuevo vacío de conocimiento
and theoretical approaches.
experimentales y teóricos.
is extremely complex,
es sumamente complejo,
parts is not only very difficult,
en movimiento no solo es difícil
de las escalas temporales,
on a scale of seconds, some minutes,
en una escala de segundos, o minutos,
to separate those out experimentally.
separarlas experimentalmente.
so quickly or so slowly
a un ritmo tan lento o tan veloz
never be able to measure them.
a medir físicamente.
on any subsystem in any timescale
en cualquier subsistema,
of a modeler alone.
no es solo del modelador.
collaboration with biologists.
con los biólogos.
some capacity of translation
de cierta capacidad para traducir
formulation of a problem
teórica de un problema
for testing hypotheses
para evaluar hipótesis
and therapeutic interventions,
e intervenciones terapéuticas
and logical inconsistencies
y contradicciones lógicas
as to where we should keep looking
callejones sin salida.
can help us answer questions
pueden ayudar a responder preguntas
a la salud de la gente;
person's health, actually --
de cada uno de nosotros...
to asking the right question
a hacer la pregunta correcta
to the right equation ...
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Irina Kareva - Theoretical biologistIrina Kareva is looking for answers to biological questions using mathematical modeling.
Why you should listen
Dr. Irina Kareva studies cancer as an evolving ecosystem, bringing in insights from various disciplines -- from evolutionary biology to paleontology to ergodic theory -- to understand how we can manage, if not cure, cancer like a chronic disease. She has authored more than 25 publications, including several papers with her parents, who are also mathematicians. The Kareva clan was featured in a Nature article entitled "Relationships: Scions of Science."
Kareva is a research scientist at EMD Serono Research Center near Boston Massachusetts, US. Her book, Understanding Cancer from a Systems Biology Point of View: From Observation to Theory and Back, was recently published by Elsevier, and a second book on mathematical modeling of the evolution of heterogeneous populations will be released in mid-2019.
In addition to her scientific studies and endeavors, Kareva also holds a degree in music and works actively as a professional opera singer. She is a member of the Boston Symphony Orchestra’s Tanglewood Festival Chorus, has performed solo roles in local productions, religious music performances, and can even occasionally be heard in pieces as varied as video game soundtracks and heavy metal recordings.
Irina Kareva | Speaker | TED.com