Irina Kareva: Math can help uncover cancer's secrets
Irina Kareva: La matematica può aiutare a scoprire i segreti del cancro
Irina Kareva is looking for answers to biological questions using mathematical modeling. Full bio
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di equazioni differenziali,
of differential equations,
gli elementi fondamentali
behavior over time
il comportamento
interact with each other
interagiscono fra di loro
these assumptions into equations,
presupposti in equazioni,
into the language of biology.
nella lingua della biologia.
dei modelli matematici
non pensiamo a cosa sono le cose,
do not think about what things are;
between individuals,
and with their environment.
fra loro e il loro ambiente.
have in common?
le volpi e le cellule immunitarie?
degli invasori, come le cellule tumorali.
such as cancer cells.
of predator-prey type equations
di equazioni del tipo predatore-preda
between foxes and rabbits
fra le volpi e i conigli
have been studied extensively
sono stati studiati a lungo
of two populations,
di due popolazioni,
on consuming the other.
dipende dal consumo dell'altro.
provide a framework
forniscono un quadro
cancer-immune interactions,
cancro-immunologia,
to prevent the predator from killing it,
che il predatore la uccida,
interesting implications.
delle implicazioni interessanti.
in the field of immunotherapy,
successo nel campo della immunoterapia,
somewhat limited efficacy
che quelle immuni--
such as glucose to survive.
come il glucosio per sopravvivere.
the immune cells for shared nutrients
immunitarie per le sostanze necessarie
not be able to do their job.
non riusciranno a fare il loro lavoro.
resource type model
predatore-preda-condivisione delle risorse
in my own research.
nella mia ricerca.
dimostrato in modo sperimentale
in the tumor microenvironment --
nel microambiente tumorale,
immune cells get their food --
immunitarie ricevano il cibo,
their edge in fighting cancer, the prey.
nel combattere il cancro, la preda.
as an ecosystem,
come ad un ecosistema,
compete and cooperate
competono e collaborano
the immune system --
il sistema immunitario,
of the human body.
del corpo umano.
ecosystems from conservation biology?
dalla biologia della conservazione?
to extinguish species
per far estinguere una specie
the key components
le componenti chiave
and therapeutic interventions
interventi terapeutici
and affordable way
of the microenvironment
del microambiente
without harming the host,
senza far male a chi lo ospita,
goal of my research
della mia ricerca
is to save lives.
quello di salvare vite.
applied to biology,
matematici alla biologia,
to the development of drugs.
allo sviluppo di farmaci.
recently has remained somewhat marginal,
ha avuto un ruolo marginale,
mathematical methods,
molto ben sviluppati,
of computational power available to us.
di potenza computazionale disponibile.
of mathematical modeling
dei modelli matematici
that it makes you formalize,
supposizioni sono vere,
for testing biological hypotheses.
per testare ipotesi biologiche.
alle osservazioni,
so we can make further predictions
possiamo fare altre previsioni
aspect of the model.
quell'aspetto del modello.
do not match our observations,
non corrispondono alle osservazioni,
of our assumptions are wrong,
nostre supposizioni sono sbagliate
of the key mechanisms
dei meccanismi principali
questo è un modello,
are causing the discrepancy.
causando la discrepanza.
identified gap in knowledge
nuovo vuoto di conoscenza
and theoretical approaches.
che teoretici.
is extremely complex,
estremamente complesso,
parts is not only very difficult,
in movimento, non solo è molto difficile,
on a scale of seconds, some minutes,
in secondi, alcuni in minuti,
to separate those out experimentally.
non essere sempre possibile.
so quickly or so slowly
così velocemente o lentamente
never be able to measure them.
on any subsystem in any timescale
ad ogni sottosistema in ogni tempistica
of a modeler alone.
di un solo modellatore.
collaboration with biologists.
collaborazione con i biologi.
some capacity of translation
capacità di traduzione
formulation of a problem
teoretica di un problema
for testing hypotheses
per testare le ipotesi
and therapeutic interventions,
interventi terapeutici,
and logical inconsistencies
e inconsistenze logiche
dovremmo continuare a guardare
as to where we should keep looking
can help us answer questions
a trovare risposte a quelle domande
la salute delle persone,
person's health, actually --
di ogni persona,
saranno la chiave
la medicina personalizzata.
to asking the right question
to the right equation ...
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Irina Kareva - Theoretical biologistIrina Kareva is looking for answers to biological questions using mathematical modeling.
Why you should listen
Dr. Irina Kareva studies cancer as an evolving ecosystem, bringing in insights from various disciplines -- from evolutionary biology to paleontology to ergodic theory -- to understand how we can manage, if not cure, cancer like a chronic disease. She has authored more than 25 publications, including several papers with her parents, who are also mathematicians. The Kareva clan was featured in a Nature article entitled "Relationships: Scions of Science."
Kareva is a research scientist at EMD Serono Research Center near Boston Massachusetts, US. Her book, Understanding Cancer from a Systems Biology Point of View: From Observation to Theory and Back, was recently published by Elsevier, and a second book on mathematical modeling of the evolution of heterogeneous populations will be released in mid-2019.
In addition to her scientific studies and endeavors, Kareva also holds a degree in music and works actively as a professional opera singer. She is a member of the Boston Symphony Orchestra’s Tanglewood Festival Chorus, has performed solo roles in local productions, religious music performances, and can even occasionally be heard in pieces as varied as video game soundtracks and heavy metal recordings.
Irina Kareva | Speaker | TED.com