Travis Rieder: The agony of opioid withdrawal -- and what doctors should tell patients about it
ترویس رییدر: تقلای ترک مسکن -- و چیزی که پزشکان باید به بیماران در این زمینه بگویند
Travis Rieder wants to help find a solution to America’s opioid crisis -- and if that sounds a bit too lofty, he’d settle for making clear, incremental progress in a responsible, evidence-based way. Full bio
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that changed my life.
که زندگی من را تغییر داد.
من تقریبا پایم را از دست دادم
I nearly lost my foot
surgeon's office
oxycodone," I responded.
this information to many doctors
به بسیاری دکترها داده بودم.
about getting off the meds now."
که داروهایت را کنار بگذاری.»
داروهای من بیشتر میشد،
that anyone had expressed concern.
ابراز نگرانی کرده بود.
real conversation I'd had
مکالمه واقعی بود که من
my entire experience of medical trauma.
تجربه من از آسیب پزشکی را تعریف کرد.
is a much too aggressive tapering regimen,
سرسخت کاهش دهنده داده شده بود،
my medication into four doses,
به چهار قسمت تقسیم کردم،
over the course of the month.
into acute opioid withdrawal.
سفت و سخت ترک مسکن بودم.
feel a lot like a bad case of the flu.
یک آنفولانزای بد است.
in my rather mangled foot;
در پای آسیب دیدهام داشتم،
due to a general feeling of restlessness.
بخاطر حس کلی خستگی.
what was coming.
seemed to go haywire.
کاملا خارج از کنترل شد.
شدیدا عرق میکردم،
into the hot August sun,
در یک روز گرم مردادی بیرون بکشم،
covered in goosebumps.
که موی بدنم از سرما سیخ شده.
sleep difficult during that first week
در هفته اول شده بود
as the withdrawal feeling.
من آن را مثل حس ترک تجربه کردم.
that would keep me twitching.
که باعث جمع شدن و گره خوردن من میشد.
disturbing was the crying.
گریه بود.
like a neural misfire,
and she called the prescribing doctor
و به دکتری که نسخه داده بود زنگ زد
lots of fluids for the nausea.
"You know, he's really quite badly off,"
"Well, if it's that bad,
previous dose for a little while."
روی نسخه قدیمیاش باشد.»
to go back on my previous dose
نسخه قدیمیام را تکرار کنم
it through the withdrawal next time.
برای تحمل ترک بعدی داشتم.
and dropped another dose.
و قسمت دیگری از دارو را کم کردیم.
that would keep me writhing all night.
کل شب در تلاطم نگه میداشت.
like a misfire before
I would get that welling in my chest
desperation and hopelessness.
that I would never recover
or from the withdrawal.
with the prescriber
that we contact our pain management team
با تیم مدیریت درد تماس بگیریم
when nobody would speak with us.
حاضر به صحبت با ما نشد،
the phone advised us
توضیح داد
provides an inpatient service;
به بیماران بستری خدمات میدهند،
to get pain under control,
برای کنترل درد مینویسند،
tapering and withdrawal.
خدماتی ارائه نمیدهند.
and begged him for anything --
و از او خواستیم هر راه حل ممکن دیگری بدهد
is that Travis go back on the medication
ترویس برگردد روی نسخه قبلی
more competent to wean him off."
روش بهتری برای ترک دادن داشته باشد.»
من میخواستم برگردم به نسخه قبلی.
to go back on the medication.
myself from the withdrawal with the drugs
با دارو از ترک داروها نجات دهم
without prescription opioids
مسکنها را تجربه کرد
didn't kill me outright,
standing up here years later,
بعد از سالها اینجا ایستادن،
with virtually no sleep,
on the floor of our basement bathroom.
دستشویی زیرزمین سر کردم.
my feverish head
despite not having eaten anything in days.
باوجود اینکه روزها بود چیزی نخورده بودم.
at the end of the night
and general practitioners --
به پزشکان درد و پزشکان عمومی
would help me.
speak with on the phone
said that they prescribe opioids
مسکنها را تجویز میکنند
tapering or withdrawal.
was clearly coming through my voice,
took a deep breath and said,
what you need is a rehab facility
نیاز به موسسه توانبخشی دارید
so I took her advice.
و به توصیه او عمل کردیم.
calling those places,
به زنگ زدن به آن جاها
long-term substance use disorder.
اعتیاد طولانیمدت داشتهاند.
weaning the patient off the medication,
بیمار را ترک نمیدهند،
onto the safer, longer-acting opioids:
مدت زمان عمل طولانیتری دارد سوق میدهند:
for maintenance treatment.
برای نگهداری و گذران.
had an extensive waiting list.
یک لیست انتظار طولانی داشت.
they were designed to see.
این موسسات برای آن طراحی شده باشند.
from a rehab facility,
عذر مرا خواست
going back on the medication.
نسخهام را تکرار کنم.
the lowest dose possible,
as I absolutely needed
effects of the withdrawal.
I actually went to bed.
من به تختم رفتم.
prescription bottle,
had abated dramatically.
بطور قابل توجهی کاهش یافته بودند.
من هم همین کار را کردم.
that was my response, too.
just a little bit.
precisely because I'm not special;
دقیقا بخاطر اینکه من خاص نیستم.
to me was all that unique.
منحصر بفرد نبود.
was entirely predictable
قابل پیشبینی بود
for which I was prescribed it.
response to an opioid-rich environment
به محیط پر از مسکن است
to think that from the beginning,
well-formed tapering plan,
با نظارت متخصص خواهم داشت،
seemingly hasn't decided
بنظر هنوز تصمیم نگرفته که
as a complex patient
پیجیده میدیدند
as getting pain under control
تحت کنترل قرار دادن درد میدیدند
get off the medication,
of addiction medicine.
زیادی جدی گرفته شدهاند،
from long-term substance use disorder.
که برای مدت طولانی اعتیاد داشتهاند.
that needed long-term management
که مدیریت طولانی مدت نیاز داشت
whose job such management was.
and worth talking about --
و ارزش صحبت کردن دارد --
is a particular concern
from overdose in 2015.
از استفاده زیاد فوت شدند.
involved prescription opioids.
بر اثر مسکنهای تجویزی بودند.
started to react to this crisis,
ترتیب اثر دادن به این بحران کرده،
trying to prescribe fewer pills --
مسکنهای کمتری تجویز شود
that's going to be important.
we're now gaining evidence
often prescribe medication
دارو تجویز میکنند
much more than is needed.
مورد نیاز است تجویز میکنند.
help to explain why America,
که چرا آمریکا،
of the global population,
of the total global opioid supply.
on the rate of prescribing
two crucially important points.
دو نکته بسیار مهم را نادیده بگیریم.
important pain therapies.
و در آینده هم همین خواهند بود.
severe, real, long-lasting pain,
و طولانی مدت داشته
can make life worth living.
کمک میکنند که بیمار زندگی کند.
while judiciously prescribing opioids
با تجویز مسکن در جاهایی که واقعا لازم است
manage the pills that they do prescribe.
داروهای تجویزیشان را بعهده بگیرند.
that I was given.
که به من داده شده بود نگاه کنیم
knows that that is too aggressive?
میداند که این بسیار قوی است؟
in an academic journal,
در یک مجله دانشگاهی منتشر کردم،
their pocket guide for tapering opioids.
کاهش مسکن فرستاد.
how to taper opioids in the easier cases,
مسکنها را در موارد آسان کاهش دهند،
than a 10 percent dose reduction per week.
کاهش را شروع نکنند
instead of a few weeks.
بجای چند هفته.
pretty uncomfortable,
the kind of information
this medication ought to have.
باید داشته باشد.
prescribed opioids
مسکنهای تجویزی
is far bigger than that,
بسیار بزرگتر از این است،
for tens of thousands of deaths a year,
مسوول دهها هزار مرگ در سال است،
of that medication is indefensible.
غیر قابل قبول است.
to get off the medication
میگیرند برای قطع دارویی که
to our epidemic,
همهگیری فعلی نباشد،
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Travis Rieder - BioethicistTravis Rieder wants to help find a solution to America’s opioid crisis -- and if that sounds a bit too lofty, he’d settle for making clear, incremental progress in a responsible, evidence-based way.
Why you should listen
A philosopher by training, bioethicist by profession and communicator by passion, Travis Rieder writes and speaks on a variety of ethical and policy issues raised by both prescription and illicit opioid use.
This wasn't always his beat, though. Both in his doctoral training at Georgetown University, and as faculty at Johns Hopkins University’s Berman Institute of Bioethics, Rieder published widely on a variety of topics in philosophy and ethics. His interest in opioids came about suddenly, after a motorcycle accident, when he took too many pills for too long and suddenly found himself with a profound dependency. In the wake of that experience, he became driven to discover why medicine is so bad at dealing with prescription opioids, and how that problem is related to the broader drug overdose epidemic.
Rieder's first article on the topic, in the journal Health Affairs, was one of the most-read essays in 2017 and was excerpted by the Washington Post. Since then, Rieder has co-authored a Special Publication of the National Academy of Medicine on physician responsibility for the opioid epidemic, written several essays for the popular media and spoken widely on the topic to physicians, medical students and the general public. He expands on all of this work in a new book project forthcoming with HarperCollins, tentatively titled In Pain In America.
Travis Rieder | Speaker | TED.com