TEDGlobal 2009
Michael Pritchard: How to make filthy water drinkable
Michael Pritchard čini prljavu vodu pitkom
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Previše ljudi na svijetu nema pristup čistoj, pitkoj vodi. Inžinjer Michael Pritchard učinio je nešto po tom pitanju - izumio je prijenosni Lifesaver filter koji u nekoliko sekundi pretvara najprljaviju vodu u pitku. Nevjerojatna demonstracija s konferencije TEDGlobal 2009.
Michael Pritchard - Inventor
With cutting-edge nanotech, Michael Pritchard's Lifesaver water-purification bottle could revolutionize water-delivery systems in disaster-stricken areas around the globe. Full bio
With cutting-edge nanotech, Michael Pritchard's Lifesaver water-purification bottle could revolutionize water-delivery systems in disaster-stricken areas around the globe. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:18
Good morning everybody.
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Dobro jutro svima.
00:20
I'd like to talk about a couple of things today.
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Danas bih želio govoriti o nekoliko stvari.
00:22
The first thing is water.
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Prva je voda.
00:24
Now I see you've all been enjoying the water
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Vidim da ste svi uživali u vodi
00:26
that's been provided for you here at the conference,
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koju ste dobili na konferenciji
00:28
over the past couple of days.
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u posljednjih nekoliko dana.
00:30
And I'm sure you'll feel that it's from a safe source.
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I siguran sam da ste uvjereni da je sa sigurnog izvora.
00:34
But what if it wasn't?
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No što ako nije?
00:36
What if it was from a source like this?
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Što ako je s izvora nalik ovom?
00:41
Then statistics would actually say
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Prema statistikama
00:43
that half of you would now be suffering
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polovica vas bi sada patila
00:45
with diarrhea.
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od proljeva.
00:49
I talked a lot in the past about statistics,
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U prošlosti sam mnogo govorio o statistikama
00:52
and the provision of safe drinking water for all.
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i opskrbljivanju svih pitkom vodom.
00:56
But they just don't seem to get through.
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Ali čini se da nisam uspio.
00:59
And I think I've worked out why.
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I mislim da sam shvatio zašto.
01:01
It's because, using current thinking,
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Stvar je u tome da s današnjim načinom razmišljanja
01:04
the scale of the problem
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opseg problema
01:06
just seems too huge to contemplate solving.
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jednostavno se čini prevelikim da bi se našlo rješenje.
01:10
So we just switch off:
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Pa jednostavno odustajemo.
01:12
us, governments and aid agencies.
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Mi, vlade i humanitarne udruge.
01:17
Well, today, I'd like to show you
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Dobro, danas vam želim pokazati
01:20
that through thinking differently,
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da je drugačijim načinom razmišljanja
01:22
the problem has been solved.
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problem riješen.
01:26
By the way, since I've been speaking,
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Usput, od početka ove prezentacije
01:28
another 13,000 people around the world
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još 13.000 ljudi širom svijeta
01:31
are suffering now with diarrhea.
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sada pati od proljeva.
01:34
And four children have just died.
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I četiri djeteta su upravo umrla.
01:39
I invented Lifesaver bottle
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Izumio sam Lifesaver bocu
01:41
because I got angry.
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jer sam se razljutio.
01:43
I, like most of you, was sitting down, the day after Christmas in 2004,
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I ja sam kao većina vas sjedio dan poslije Božića 2004.,
01:47
when I was watching the devastating news
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i gledao katastrofalne vijesti o
01:50
of the Asian tsunami as it rolled in,
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posljedicama azijskog tsunamija
01:52
playing out on TV.
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na televiziji.
01:54
The days and weeks that followed,
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U danima i tjednima koji su slijedili
01:56
people fleeing to the hills,
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ljudi su bježali u brda
01:58
being forced to drink contaminated water
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i bili su prisiljeni piti kontaminiranu vodu
02:01
or face death.
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ili umrijeti.
02:04
That really stuck with me.
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To me uistinu pogodilo.
02:06
Then, a few months later,
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Tada, nekoliko mjeseci poslije
02:09
Hurricane Katrina slammed into the side of America.
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uragan Katrina pogodio je Ameriku.
02:13
"Okay," I thought, "here's a First World country, let's see what they can do."
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"O.K." pomislio sam, "to je zemlja Prvog svijeta, hajdemo vidjeti što oni mogu učiniti."
02:17
Day one: nothing.
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Prvi dan: ništa.
02:20
Day two: nothing.
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Drugi dan: ništa.
02:23
Do you know it took five days to get water to the Superdome?
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Znate li da je trebalo pet dana da voda stigne do humanitarnog kampa?
02:28
People were shooting each other on the streets
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Ljudi su pucali jedni na druge na ulicama
02:31
for TV sets and water.
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zbog TV-a i vode.
02:34
That's when I decided I had to do something.
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Tada sam odlučio da moram nešto učiniti.
02:38
Now I spent a lot of time in my garage, over the next weeks and months,
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Proveo sam mnogo vremena u garaži u tjednima i mjesecima što su uslijedili.
02:41
and also in my kitchen -- much to the dismay of my wife. (Laughter)
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I također u kuhinji, na veliku žalost moje supruge.
02:44
However, after a few failed prototypes,
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Međutim, nakon nekoliko neuspješnih prototipa,
02:49
I finally came up with this, the Lifesaver bottle.
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konačno sam otkrio ovo, Lifesaver bocu.
02:54
Okay, now for the science bit.
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O.K., sada znanstveni dio.
02:56
Before Lifesaver, the best hand filters were only capable
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Prije Lifesaver boce najbolji ručni filteri mogli su
02:58
of filtering down to about 200 nanometers.
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filtrirati do oko 200 nanometara.
03:02
The smallest bacteria is about 200 nanometers.
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Najmanja bakterija je oko 200 nanometara.
03:06
So a 200-nanometer bacteria
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Tako da će 200 nanometara velika bakterija
03:08
is going to get through a 200-nanometer hole.
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proći kroz filter od 200 nanometara.
03:12
The smallest virus, on the other hand,
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S druge strane, najmanji virus
03:14
is about 25 nanometers.
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je veličine oko 25 nanometara.
03:17
So that's definitely going to get through those 200 nanometer holes.
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Tako da će on definitivno proći kroz filter gustoće 200 nanometara.
03:22
Lifesaver pores are 15 nanometers.
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Pore Lifesaver boce su 15 nanometara.
03:27
So nothing is getting through.
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Tako da ništa kroz njih ne prolazi.
03:30
Okay, I'm going to give you a bit of a demonstration.
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O.K., sada ću vam malo demonstrirati.
03:32
Would you like to see that?
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Želite li to vidjeti?
03:34
I spent all the time setting this up, so I guess I should.
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Proveo sam toliko vremena postavljajući ovo. Valjda bih trebao.
03:36
We're in the fine city of Oxford.
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Mi smo u lijepom gradu Oxfordu.
03:39
So -- someone's done that up.
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Dakle -- netko je ovo zašarafio.
03:41
Fine city of Oxford, so what I've done is I've gone
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Ono što sam učinio u lijepom gradu Oxfordu je da sam otišao
03:43
and got some water from the River Cherwell,
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i uzeo malo vode iz rijeke Cherwell
03:45
and the River Thames,
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i rijeke Temze
03:47
that flow through here. And this is the water.
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koje ondje teku. I ovo je ta voda.
03:49
But I got to thinking, you know,
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No mislio sam, znate,
03:51
if we were in the middle of a flood zone
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da smo usred poplavljenog područja
03:53
in Bangladesh, the water wouldn't look like this.
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u Bangladešu voda ne bi izgledala ovako.
03:57
So I've gone and got some stuff to add into it.
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Pa sam nabavio još neke stvari da dodam u vodu.
03:59
And this is from my pond.
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Ovo je s mog ribnjaka.
04:01
(Sniffs) (Coughs) Have a smell of that, mister cameraman.
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(Miriše) (Kašlje) Pomirišite ovo, gospodine kamerman.
04:05
Okay. (Laughs) Right.
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O.K. (Smijeh) Tako je.
04:09
We're just going to pour that in there.
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Sada ćemo uliti ovo ovamo.
04:12
Audience: Ugh!
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Publika: Uh!
04:14
Michael Pritchard: Okay. We've got some runoff
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Michael Pritchard: O.K. Imamo ovdje i otpadne vode
04:17
from a sewage plant farm.
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iz kanalizacije.
04:19
So I'm just going to put that in there.
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Tako ću i to uliti ovamo.
04:22
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:23
Put that in there. There we go.
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I ovo ćemo ubaciti. Evo ga.
04:26
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:27
And some other bits and pieces, chuck that in there.
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I neke druge dijelove i komadiće ćemo ubaciti.
04:31
And I've got a gift here from a friend of mine's rabbit.
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Imam i dar mog prijatelja zeca.
04:35
So we're just going to put that in there as well.
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Pa ćemo i to ubaciti.
04:39
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:40
Okay. (Laughter) Now.
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O.K. (Smijeh) Sada.
04:44
The Lifesaver bottle works really simply.
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Lifesaver boca funkcionira zbilja jednostavno.
04:49
You just scoop the water up.
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Samo zagrabite vodu.
04:51
Today I'm going to use a jug
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Danas ću koristiti vrč
04:53
just to show you all. Let's get a bit of that poo in there.
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da bih vam sve pokazao. Uzmimo malo ovog prljavog.
04:57
That's not dirty enough. Let's just stir that up a little bit.
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to nije dovoljno prljavo. Malo ćemo to promiješati.
05:03
Okay, so I'm going to take this really filthy water,
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O.K. uzet ću ovu stvarno prljavu vodu
05:08
and put it in here. Do you want a drink yet?
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i stavit ću je ovdje. Želite li je sada popiti?
05:12
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:13
Okay. There we go.
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O.K. Idemo.
05:17
Replace the top.
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Zamijenimo vrh.
05:22
Give it a few pumps. Okay?
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Nekoliko puta napumpamo. O.K.?
05:26
That's all that's necessary.
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I to je sve što je potrebno.
05:29
Now as soon as I pop the teat,
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I sada čim skinem čep
05:33
sterile drinking water is going to come out.
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sterilna, pitka voda će izići van.
05:35
I've got to be quick. Okay, ready?
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Moram biti brz. O.K., spremni?
05:40
There we go. Mind the electrics.
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Idemo. Pazite na elektriku.
05:42
That is safe, sterile drinking water.
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To je sigurna, sterilna pitka voda.
05:46
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
05:48
Cheers.
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Nazdravlje.
05:50
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
05:53
There you go Chris.
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Izvoli, Chris.
05:55
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
06:00
What's it taste of?
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Kakvog je okusa?
06:02
Chris Anderson: Delicious.
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Chris Anderson: Ukusna.
06:04
Michael Pritchard: Okay.
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Michael Pritchard: O.K.
06:07
Let's see Chris's program throughout the rest of the show. Okay?
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Da vidimo kako će Chris biti do kraja prezentacije, O.K.?
06:10
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
06:13
Okay. Lifesaver bottle is used by thousands of people around the world.
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O.K. Lifesaver bocu koristi na tisuće ljudi širom svijeta.
06:18
It'll last for 6,000 liters.
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Traje do 6.000 litara.
06:20
And when it's expired, using failsafe technology,
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I kad istekne valjanost, koristeći sigurnosnu tehnologiju,
06:23
the system will shut off, protecting the user.
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sistem će se zatvoriti kako bi zaštitio korisnika.
06:26
Pop the cartridge out. Pop a new one in.
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Izvadite uložak. Stavite novi.
06:28
It's good for another 6,000 liters.
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I bit će dobra za drugih 6.000 litara
06:32
So let's look at the applications.
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Pa da vidimo mogućnosti primjene.
06:34
Traditionally, in a crisis, what do we do?
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Uobičajeno, u krizi, što činimo?
06:36
We ship water.
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Dovozimo vodu.
06:38
Then, after a few weeks, we set up camps.
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Tada, nakon nekoliko tjedana postavimo kampove.
06:42
And people are forced to come into the camps to get their safe drinking water.
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I ljudi bivaju prisiljeni dolaziti u kampove da bi dobili pitku vodu.
06:47
What happens when 20,000 people congregate in a camp?
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Što se događa kada se 20.000 ljudi skupi u kampu?
06:52
Diseases spread. More resources are required.
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Šire se bolesti. Potrebno je više izvora.
06:55
The problem just becomes self-perpetuating.
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Problem se samo povećava.
06:59
But by thinking differently,
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Ali s drugačijim načinom razmišljanja
07:01
and shipping these,
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i dopremanjem ovih boca,
07:03
people can stay put.
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ljudi mogu ostati gdje jesu.
07:05
They can make their own sterile drinking water,
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Mogu sami sterilizirati vodu.
07:08
and start to get on with rebuilding their homes and their lives.
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i početi obnavljati svoje domove i živote.
07:13
Now, it doesn't require a natural disaster
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No, nije potrebna prirodna katastrofa
07:16
for this to work.
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da bi ovo funkcioniralo.
07:19
Using the old thinking, of national infrastructure
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Primjena starog načina razmišljanja, nacionalne infrastrukture
07:23
and pipe work, is too expensive.
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i cjevovoda je preskupa.
07:26
When you run the numbers on a calculator,
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Kada izračunate na kalkulator,
07:28
you run out of noughts.
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nemate mjesta za nule.
07:30
So here is the "thinking different" bit.
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Ali i ovdje možete razmišljati drugačije.
07:33
Instead of shipping water,
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Umjesto da dopremate vodu
07:35
and using man-made processes to do it,
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i koristite standardne procese da se to učini,
07:38
let's use Mother Nature. She's got a fantastic system.
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hajde da iskoristimo Majku Prirodu. Ona ima fantastičan sistem.
07:41
She picks the water up from there,
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Ona uzima vodu odande
07:44
desalinates it, for free, transports it over there,
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desalinizira je besplatno i prenese je ovamo,
07:48
and dumps it onto the mountains, rivers, and streams.
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i baci je na planine, rijeke, i potoke.
07:50
And where do people live? Near water.
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A gdje ljudi žive? Blizu vode.
07:53
All we've go to do
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Sve što trebamo učiniti
07:55
is make it sterile. How do we do that?
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je sterilizirati je. A kako ćemo to učniti?
07:57
Well, we could use the Lifesaver bottle.
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Pa mogli bismo koristiti Lifesaver bocu.
08:00
Or we could use one of these.
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Ili bismo mogli koristiti jedan od ovih.
08:02
The same technology, in a jerry can.
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Ista tehnologija u karnistru.
08:05
This will process 25,000 liters of water;
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Može obraditi 25.000 litara vode.
08:10
that's good enough for a family of four,
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A to je dovoljno četveročlanoj obitelji
08:14
for three years.
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za tri godine.
08:17
And how much does it cost?
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A koliko košta?
08:19
About half a cent a day to run.
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Pola centa na dan.
08:21
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
08:23
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
08:26
So, by thinking differently, and processing water
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Tako da drugačijim načinom razmišljanja, i procesiranjem vode
08:29
at the point of use,
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na mjestu korištenja
08:31
mothers and children no longer have to walk four hours a day
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majke i djeca ne moraju više hodati četiri sata dnevno
08:35
to collect their water.
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da bi došli do vode.
08:37
They can get it from a source nearby.
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Mogli bi je dobiti iz izvora u blizini.
08:41
So with just eight billion dollars,
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Tako bismo sa samo osam milijardi dolara
08:44
we can hit the millennium goal's target
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mogli dostići milenijski cilj
08:47
of halving the number of people
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i prepoloviti broj ljudi
08:49
without access to safe drinking water.
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koji nemaju pristup pitkoj vodi.
08:52
To put that into context,
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Da to stavimo u kontekst,
08:54
The U.K. government spends about 12 billion pounds
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britanska vlada potroši približno 12 milijardi funti
08:58
a year on foreign aid.
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godišnje na inozemnu pomoć.
09:01
But why stop there?
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Ali zašto tu stati?
09:04
With 20 billion dollars, everyone can have access to safe drinking water.
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Sa 20 milijardi dolara svatko može imati pristup pitkoj vodi.
09:10
So the three-and-a-half billion people
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I tri i pol milijardi ljudi
09:12
that suffer every year as a result,
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koji zbog toga pate svake godine
09:15
and the two million kids that die every year,
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i dva milijuna djece koja zbog toga umru svake godine
09:19
will live.
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će živjeti.
09:23
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
09:25
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Michael Pritchard - InventorWith cutting-edge nanotech, Michael Pritchard's Lifesaver water-purification bottle could revolutionize water-delivery systems in disaster-stricken areas around the globe.
Why you should listen
During the twin tragedies of the Asian tsunami and Hurricane Katrina, Ipswich water-treatment expert Michael Pritchard winced helplessly at televised coverage of throngs of refugees waiting for days for a simple drink of clean water. Stricken by the chronic failure of aid agencies to surmount this basic challenge, Pritchard decided to do something about it.
Using a non-chemical nano-filtration hollow fiber membrane with 15 nanometer pores (it is designed to block viruses), the Lifesaver bottle can make the most revolting swamp water drinkable in seconds. Better still, a single long-lasting filter can clean 6,000 liters of water. Given the astronomical cost of shipping water to disaster areas, Pritchard's Lifesaver bottle could turn traditional aid models on their heads.
Michael Pritchard | Speaker | TED.com