ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Federica Bianco - Cross-disciplinary scientist
TED Fellow Federica Bianco is a cross-disciplinary scientist who can't stay still.

Why you should listen

Astrophysicist, professor, professional boxer and TED Fellow Federica Bianco studies stellar explosions, using the same methodologies to understand urban and social problems. She uses data-science to both study the universe and tackle problems on earth, like pollution in New York City, prosecutorial justice and how city lights can create resilient electric grids and.

Bianco splits her time as a professor at the University of Delaware in the Department of Physics and Astrophysics (where she runs a lab focusing on light curves), the Biden School of Public Policy and Administration and the Urban Observatory, where she uses her astrophysics skills to study urban problems. She is also the coordinator the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) Science Collaboration, a network of more than 1,500 scientists. The LSST, under construction in Chile, will go online in 2023 to survey the night sky and image the southern hemisphere sky at unprecedented depth and resolution. The collaboration will study everything about it, from the thousands of changes it will discover in the sky every night to billions of stars and galaxies, many that have never been seen before.

Bianco has published more than 100 peer-reviewed papers, was a Smithsonian predoctoral and James Arthur postdoctoral fellow and was the recipient of a Department of Energy "Innovative Development in Energy-Related Applied Science" grant. When she isn't doing science, you will find her in the boxing ring, where she has made a name for herself as "The MadScientist." She is known for fighting her heart out both in and out of the ring.

More profile about the speaker
Federica Bianco | Speaker | TED.com
TED2019

Federica Bianco: How we use astrophysics to study earthbound problems

Federica Bianco: Menggunakan astrofisika untuk mempelajari masalah di bumi

Filmed:
1,455,854 views

Untuk mempelajari sistem serumit alam semesta, ahli astrofisika perlu memiliki keahlian untuk mengekstraksi solusi sederhana dari kumpulan data yang besar. Apa lagi yang dapat mereka lakukan dengan keahlian tersebut? Dalam pembicaraan lintas disiplin ilmu, TED Fellow dan ahli astrofisika, Federica Bianco, membahas cara menggunakan analisis data astrofisika untuk mengatasi masalah perkotaan dan sosial -- serta misteri bintang.
- Cross-disciplinary scientist
TED Fellow Federica Bianco is a cross-disciplinary scientist who can't stay still. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
I am an astrophysicistAstrofisika.
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Saya seorang ahli astrofisika.
00:15
I researchpenelitian stellarbintang explosionsledakan
acrossmenyeberang the universealam semesta.
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Saya meneliti ledakan bintang
di seluruh alam semesta.
00:19
But I have a flawCacat:
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Tapi saya punya
kelemahan:
00:21
I'm restlessgelisah, and I get boredbosan easilymudah.
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mudah gelisah dan mudah bosan.
00:24
And althoughmeskipun as an astrophysicistAstrofisika,
I have the incredibleluar biasa opportunitykesempatan
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Sebagai seorang ahli astrofisika,
saya memiliki peluang besar
00:27
to studybelajar the entireseluruh universealam semesta,
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untuk mempelajari seluruh
alam semesta,
00:29
the thought of doing
only that, always that,
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tapi pikiran untuk mengerjakan
hal yang membosankan,
00:32
makesmembuat me feel cageddikurung and limitedterbatas.
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membuat saya merasa
terbelenggu dan terikat.
00:36
What if my issuesMasalah with
keepingpenyimpanan attentionperhatian and gettingmendapatkan boredbosan
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Benarkah kurangnya konsentrasi
dan mudah merasa bosan
00:40
were not a flawCacat, thoughmeskipun?
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adalah kelemahan saya?
00:42
What if I could turnbelok them into an assetaset?
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Bisakah saya mengubahnya
menjadi sesuatu yang bernilai?
00:45
An astrophysicistAstrofisika cannottidak bisa
touchmenyentuh or interactberinteraksi with
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Ahli astrofisika tidak
berhubungan atau berinteraksi
00:48
the things that she studiesstudi.
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dengan benda yang diteliti.
Mustahil meledakkan bintang
di laboratorium untuk
00:50
No way to explodemeledak a starbintang in a lablaboratorium
to figureangka out why or how it blewmeniup up.
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meneliti terjadinya hal itu.
00:54
Just picturesfoto-foto and moviesfilm of the skylangit.
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Hanya gambar dan film tentang
ruang angkasa.
00:57
Everything we know about the universealam semesta,
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Semua pengetahuan kami tentang
alam semesta,
00:59
from the bigbesar bangbang
that originatedberasal spaceruang and time,
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dari Ledakan Dahsyat (Big Bang)
yang membentuk ruang dan waktu,
01:02
to the formationpembentukan and evolutionevolusi
of starsbintang and galaxiesgalaksi,
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hingga formasi dan evolusi
bintang dan galaksi,
01:05
to the structurestruktur of our ownsendiri solartenaga surya systemsistem,
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serta struktur sistem tata
surya kita,
01:08
we figuredberpola out studyingbelajar imagesgambar of the skylangit.
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kami pelajari melalui
gambar-gambar ruang angkasa.
01:12
And to studybelajar a systemsistem
as complexkompleks as the entireseluruh universealam semesta,
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Dan untuk mempelajari sistem
serumit alam semesta,
01:15
astrophysicistsastrophysicists are expertsahli
at extractingpenggalian simplesederhana modelsmodel and solutionssolusi
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ahli astrofisika memiliki keahlian untuk
mengekstraksi model dan solusi sederhana
01:20
from largebesar and complexkompleks datadata setsset.
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dari kumpulan data besar dan rumit.
01:23
So what elselain can I do with this expertisekeahlian?
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Jadi apa lagi yang dapat dilakukan
dengan keahlian ini?
01:28
What if we turnedberbalik the camerakamera
around towardsmenuju us?
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Mungkinkah memasang kamera
di sekeliling kita?
01:33
At the UrbanPerkotaan ObservatoryObservatory,
that is exactlypersis what we are doing.
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Itulah yang kami lakukan
di Urban Observatory.
01:36
GregGreg DoblerDobler, alsojuga an astrophysicistAstrofisika
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Greg Dobler, juga seorang ahli astrofisika
01:38
and my husbandSuami,
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dan suami saya,
01:39
createddiciptakan the first urbanperkotaan observatoryObservatory
in NewBaru YorkYork UniversityUniversitas in 2013,
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mendirikan observatorium urban pertama
di New York University pada tahun 2013,
01:43
and I joinedbergabung in 2015.
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dan saya bergabung tahun 2015.
01:45
Here are some of the things that we do.
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Ini adalah beberapa hal yang kami lakukan.
01:48
We take picturesfoto-foto of the citykota at night
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Kami mengambil foto kota
pada malam hari
01:50
and studybelajar citykota lightslampu like starsbintang.
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mempelajari cahaya kota
seperti mempelajari bintang.
01:53
By studyingbelajar how lightcahaya changesperubahan over time
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Dengan mempelajari
perubahan cahaya
01:55
and the colorwarna of astronomicalastronomis lightslampu,
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dan warna cahaya astronomi
berulang-ulang,
01:57
I gainmendapatkan insightwawasan about the naturealam
of explodingmeledak starsbintang.
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saya mendapat wawasan tentang
sifat ledakan bintang.
02:00
By studyingbelajar citykota lightslampu the samesama way,
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Dengan mempelajari cahaya kota
berulang-ulang,
02:03
we can measuremengukur and predictmeramalkan how much energyenergi
the citykota needskebutuhan and consumesmengkonsumsi
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kami dapat menghitung dan memprediksi
banyaknya energi yang dibutuhkan kota
02:07
and help buildmembangun a resilientTangguh gridgrid
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dan membantu membangun
blok yang kuat,
02:09
that will supportmendukung the needskebutuhan
or growingpertumbuhan urbanperkotaan environmentslingkungan.
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yang akan mendukung kebutuhan atau
perkembangan lingkungan perkotaan.
02:14
In daytimeSiang hari imagesgambar,
we capturemenangkap plumesbulu of pollutionpolusi.
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Foto yang diambil pada siang hari
menunjukkan lingkaran asap polusi.
02:18
Seventy-fiveTujuh puluh lima percentpersen
of greenhouserumah kaca gasesgas in NewBaru YorkYork CityKota
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Tujuh puluh lima persen
gas rumah kaca di kota New York
02:21
come from a buildingbangunan like this one,
burningpembakaran oilminyak for heatpanas.
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berasal dari bangunan seperti ini,
yang membakar minyak untuk pemanasan.
Anda bisa memantau polusi
dengan sensor kualitas udara.
02:26
You can measuremengukur pollutionpolusi
with airudara qualitykualitas sensorssensor.
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02:28
But imaginemembayangkan puttingmenempatkan a sensorsensor
on eachsetiap NewBaru YorkYork CityKota buildingbangunan,
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Tapi mungkinkah menempatkan sensor
di setiap gedung di New York,
02:32
readingbacaan in datadata from a millionjuta monitorsmonitor.
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dan membaca data dari jutaan monitor?
02:35
ImagineBayangkan the costbiaya.
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Berapa besar biayanya?
02:38
With a teamtim of NYUNYU studentssiswa,
we builtdibangun di a mathematicalmatematis modelmodel,
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Dengan bantuan tim mahasiswa NYU
kami membuat model matematik,
02:41
a neuralsaraf networkjaringan that can detectmendeteksi
and trackjalur these plumesbulu
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jaringan neural yang dapat
mendeteksi dan melacak lingkaran asap
02:44
over the NewBaru YorkYork CityKota skylinekaki langit.
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di kaki langit kota New York.
Kami membuat klasifikasi --
02:46
We can classifymenggolongkan them --
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02:48
harmlesstidak berbahaya steamuap plumesbulu,
whiteputih and evanescentdari evanescent;
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asap uap tidak berbahaya,
putih dan mudah terurai;
02:51
pollutingmencemari smokestackscerobong asap,
darkgelap and persistentterus-menerus --
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polusi cerobong asap;
hitam dan sulit terurai --
02:54
and providemenyediakan policykebijakan makerspembuat
with a mappeta of neighborhoodlingkungan pollutionpolusi.
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dan menyajikan peta polusi
lingkungan bagi para pembuat kebijakan.
02:59
This cross-disciplinarylintas-disiplin projectproyek
createddiciptakan transformationaltransformasi solutionssolusi.
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Proyek lintas disiplin ilmu ini
menghasilkan solusi transformasional.
Metodologi analisis data yang kami
gunakan dalam astrofisika
03:05
But the datadata analysisanalisis methodologiesmetodologi
we use in astrophysicsastrofisika
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dapat digunakan untuk
semua jenis data,
03:08
can be appliedterapan to all sortsmacam of datadata,
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bukan hanya untuk gambar.
03:10
not just imagesgambar.
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Kami diminta membantu seorang
Advokat Distrik California untuk
03:12
We were askedtanya to help
a CaliforniaCalifornia districtdistrik attorneypengacara
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03:14
understandmemahami prosecutorialKejaksaan delayspenundaan
in theirmereka jurisdictionyurisdiksi.
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mempelajari penundaan tuntutan
di wilayah kekuasaan peradilan.
Ada tahanan yang menjalani masa
percobaan atau tahanan yang menunggu
03:18
There are people on probationpercobaan
or sittingduduk in jailpenjara,
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sidang selama beberapa tahun di penjara.
03:21
awaitingMenunggu for trialpercobaan sometimesterkadang for yearstahun.
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03:24
They wanted to know
what kindjenis of caseskasus draggedmenyeret on,
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Mereka ingin mengetahui
tuntutan yang diajukan.
Mereka memiliki data besar
untuk dipelajari dan dipahami,
03:26
and they had a massivebesar datadata setset
to explorejelajahi to understandmemahami it,
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tapi tidak memiliki keahlian
03:29
but didn't have the expertisekeahlian
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03:31
or the instrumentsinstrumen
in theirmereka officekantor to do so.
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atau sarana penunjang di kantor.
Kami datang membantu mereka.
03:33
And that's where we camedatang in.
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03:35
I workedbekerja with my colleaguerekan,
publicpublik policykebijakan professorprofesor AngelaAngela HawkenHawken,
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Saya bekerja dengan kolega,
profesor kebijakan publik Angela Hawken,
dan tim kami adalah tim pertama
pembuat dasbor visual
03:38
and our teamtim first createddiciptakan
a visualvisual dashboarddasbor
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bagi Advokat Distrik, untuk lebih
memahami proses penuntutan.
03:42
for DAsDas to see and better understandmemahami
the prosecutionpenuntutan processproses.
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03:46
But alsojuga, we ourselvesdiri
analyzeddianalisis theirmereka datadata,
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Kami juga menganalisis data mereka,
melihat kemungkinan jika durasi
proses diakibatkan
03:49
looking to see if the durationlamanya
of the processproses
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oleh kesenjangan sosial
di dalam wilayah yurisdiksi mereka.
03:52
sufferedmenderita from socialsosial inequalitiesketidaksetaraan
in theirmereka jurisdictionyurisdiksi.
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Dengan menggunakan metode
yang biasa saya pakai
03:56
We did so usingmenggunakan methodsmetode
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03:57
that I would use to classifymenggolongkan
thousandsribuan of stellarbintang explosionsledakan,
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untuk mengklasifikasi
ribuan ledakan bintang,
kami mengklasifikasi
ribuan kasus pengadilan.
04:00
appliedterapan to thousandsribuan of courtpengadilan caseskasus.
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Dalam hal ini,
kami membuat model
04:03
And in doing so,
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04:04
we builtdibangun di a modelmodel that can be appliedterapan
to other jurisdictionsyurisdiksi
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yang bisa digunakan oleh
yurisdiksi lain
untuk menunjukkan keberpihakan.
04:07
who are willingrela to explorejelajahi theirmereka biasesbias.
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04:09
These collaborationskolaborasi betweenantara
domaindomain expertsahli and astrophysicistsastrophysicists
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Kolaborasi antara pakar bidang
tertentu dengan ahli astrofisika
04:13
createddiciptakan transformationaltransformasi solutionssolusi
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menghasilkan solusi transformasional
untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup manusia.
04:15
to help improvememperbaiki people'sorang-orang qualitykualitas of life.
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Hal ini bekerja dua arah.
04:19
But it is a two-waydua arah roadjalan.
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Saya mengaplikasikan astrofisika
ke bidang sains urban,
04:20
I bringmembawa my astrophysicsastrofisika backgroundLatar Belakang
to urbanperkotaan scienceilmu,
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04:23
and I bringmembawa what I learnbelajar in urbanperkotaan scienceilmu
back to astrophysicsastrofisika.
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dan mengaplikasikan sains urban
ke bidang astrofisika.
Cahaya bergema:
04:27
LightCahaya echoesgema:
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04:30
the reflectionsrefleksi of stellarbintang explosionsledakan
ontoke interstellarantar bintang dustdebu.
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Pantulan ledakan bintang ke debu
antar bintang.
04:36
In our imagesgambar, these reflectionsrefleksi appearmuncul
as whiteputih, evanescentdari evanescent, movingbergerak featuresfitur,
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Pada gambar ini, pantulan
nampak putih, mudah terurai, dan bergerak,
04:41
just like plumesbulu.
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seperti lingkaran asap.
Saya mengadaptasi model untuk mendeteksi
lingkaran asap pada gambar kota,
04:43
I am adaptingberadaptasi the samesama modelsmodel
that detectmendeteksi plumesbulu in citykota imagesgambar
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untuk mendeteksi gema cahaya
pada gambar angkasa.
04:47
to detectmendeteksi lightcahaya echoesgema
in imagesgambar of the skylangit.
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04:52
By exploringmenjelajahi the things
that interestbunga and excitemerangsang me,
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Dengan mengeksplorasi hal-hal
yang menarik, mempelajari sesuatu
04:55
reachingmencapai outsidedi luar of my domaindomain,
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di luar bidang saya,
saya mengubah kegelisahan
menjadi sesuatu yang bernilai.
04:57
I did turnbelok my restlessnesskegelisahan into an assetaset.
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05:01
We, you, all have a uniqueunik perspectiveperspektif
that can generatemenghasilkan newbaru insightwawasan
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Kita semua memiliki perspektif unik
untuk menghasilkan wawasan baru
05:06
and leadmemimpin to newbaru, unexpectedtidak terduga,
transformationaltransformasi solutionssolusi.
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dan solusi transformasional baru
yang tidak terduga.
05:10
Thank you.
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Terima kasih.
05:12
(ApplauseTepuk tangan)
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(Tepuk tangan)
Translated by Michael Yapriadi
Reviewed by Emi Kurnia

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Federica Bianco - Cross-disciplinary scientist
TED Fellow Federica Bianco is a cross-disciplinary scientist who can't stay still.

Why you should listen

Astrophysicist, professor, professional boxer and TED Fellow Federica Bianco studies stellar explosions, using the same methodologies to understand urban and social problems. She uses data-science to both study the universe and tackle problems on earth, like pollution in New York City, prosecutorial justice and how city lights can create resilient electric grids and.

Bianco splits her time as a professor at the University of Delaware in the Department of Physics and Astrophysics (where she runs a lab focusing on light curves), the Biden School of Public Policy and Administration and the Urban Observatory, where she uses her astrophysics skills to study urban problems. She is also the coordinator the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) Science Collaboration, a network of more than 1,500 scientists. The LSST, under construction in Chile, will go online in 2023 to survey the night sky and image the southern hemisphere sky at unprecedented depth and resolution. The collaboration will study everything about it, from the thousands of changes it will discover in the sky every night to billions of stars and galaxies, many that have never been seen before.

Bianco has published more than 100 peer-reviewed papers, was a Smithsonian predoctoral and James Arthur postdoctoral fellow and was the recipient of a Department of Energy "Innovative Development in Energy-Related Applied Science" grant. When she isn't doing science, you will find her in the boxing ring, where she has made a name for herself as "The MadScientist." She is known for fighting her heart out both in and out of the ring.

More profile about the speaker
Federica Bianco | Speaker | TED.com

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