Giada Gerboni: The incredible potential of flexible, soft robots
Giada Gerboni: L'incredibile potenziale della flessibilità dei robot
Giada Gerboni works in surgical robotics, supporting surgeons with new flexible robotic devices in order to make once impossible operations a reality. Full bio
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with minimal error,
di volte con errori minimi,
to watch them at work.
guardarli lavorare.
out of the factories,
perfectly known and measured like here,
perfettamente calibrato
which doesn't require much precision,
che non richiede molta precisione,
you don't require much precision.
non richiede molta precisione.
most of the time.
la maggior parte delle volte.
to emphasize speed and precision,
per aumentare velocità e precisione,
into a very specific architecture.
in un'architettura specifica.
set of rigid links
rigidi molto ben definiti
measure your environment,
program every movement
perfettamente ogni movimento
can generate a very large fault,
potrebbe causare un grosso danno,
or you can get your robot damaged
o danneggiare il robot stesso
about the brains of these robots
something wrong with it,
precise and strong
un robot accurato e forte,
and ineffective in the real world,
e inefficace nel mondo reale,
non può cambiare forma
with the real world.
con il mondo reale.
anything else around you.
a tutto ciò che vi circonda.
really able to do anything if you're soft,
se siete morbidi,
of hydrostatic pressure,
di migliaia di chili,
with a much stiffer object than him.
con un oggetto molto più rigido.
this coconut shell
questo guscio di noce di cocco
of his tentacles,
dei suoi tentacoli,
an octopus can also open a jar.
può anche aprire un vasetto.
just by the brain of this animal,
solo grazie al cervello di questo animale,
maybe the clearest example,
forse l'esempio più chiaro,
that all living organisms have.
da tutti gli organismi viventi.
material and structure,
materia e struttura,
during a physical task,
durante un'esecuzione fisica,
al nostro ambiente
di situazioni
variety of situations
or calculations ahead.
some of this embodied intelligence
di questa intelligenza pratica
on excessive work
the strategy of nature,
la strategia della natura,
she's done a pretty good job
ha fatto un bel lavoro
for environment interaction.
per l'interazione con l'ambiente.
uses soft material frequently
usa frequentemente materia morbida
in this new field or robotics,
in questo nuovo campo della robotica,
is not to make super-precise machines,
macchine altamente accurate,
unexpected situations in the real world,
situazioni inaspettate nel mondo reale,
is first of all its compliant body,
è innanzi tutto il corpo conforme,
that can undergo very large deformations,
che possono tollerare grandi deformazioni,
we use what we call distributed actuation,
che chiamiamo attuazione distribuita,
the shape of this very deformable body,
la forma di questo corpo molto deformabile
of having a lot of links and joints,
di avere molti connettivi e giunture,
any stiff structure at all.
è un processo piuttosto differente
a soft robot is a very different process
dove abbiamo anelli, ingranaggi e viti.
where you have links, gears, screws
in a very defined way.
in modo molto precisi.
your actuator from scratch
i vostri attuatori da zero
to a certain input.
ad un certo input.
deformare una struttura
you can just deform a structure
with rigid links and joints,
fatta con maglie rigide e giunture,
some cool examples of soft robots.
straordinari di robotica soft.
developed at Harvard University,
costruito all'Università di Harvard,
of pressure applied along its body,
applicate lungo tutto il suo corpo,
introdursi furtivamente sotto un ponte,
he can also sneak under a low bridge,
a little bit different afterwards.
with power on board
più forte con alimentatore
and face real-world interactions
ad affrontare interazioni reali
like a real fish does in water
come i pesci veri
with distributed actuation
con l'attuazione distribuita
of the first projects
of soft robots.
with several tentacles
una macchina intera con diversi tentacoli
and do submarine exploration
a fare esplorazioni sottomarine
than rigid robots would do.
environments, such as coral reefs.
delicati, come le barriere coralline.
by my colleagues in Stanford.
dai miei colleghi di Stanford.
it grows from the tip,
cresce in alto,
in firm contact with the environment.
stabilmente in contatto con l'ambiente.
by plants, not animals,
non dagli animali,
in a similar manner
in modo simile
variety of situations.
una grande gamma di situazioni.
I like the most
a closer interaction with the human body
un'interazione vicina al corpo umano
a minimally invasive procedure.
una procedura poco invasiva.
very helpful with the surgeon,
di grande aiuto al chirurgo,
and straight instruments,
with very delicate structures
con strutture molto delicate
dentro il corpo,
inside the surgical field
dentro la parte da operare
con un dispositivo rigido
if you use a rigid stick,
gruppo di ricerca in Europa,
soft camera robot for surgery,
per la chirurgia,
from a classic endoscope,
to the flexibility of the module
grazie alla flessibilità modulare
and also elongate.
to see what they were doing
per vedere cosa stavano facendo
from different points of view,
da diversi punti di osservazione,
about what was touched around.
da cos'altro avrebbero toccato.
la robotica soft in azione
not a real human body.
non un corpo umano reale.
inside your body.
all'interno del vostro corpo.
can even be done using a single needle,
si può usare anche un singolo ago
on a very flexible needle,
un ago estremamente flessibile,
to use the interaction with the tissues
per interagire con l'apparato tissutale
many different targets, such as tumors,
diversi bersagli, come tumori,
the structure that you want to avoid
alla struttura che volete evitare
exciting time for robotics.
entusiasmanti per la robotica.
with soft structures,
con strutture morbide,
and very challenging questions
e molto interessanti
to learn how to control,
a capire come controllarli
on these very flexible structures.
dentro queste strutture molto flessibili.
to what nature figured out
da ciò che la natura ha creato
nel mondo esterno.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Giada Gerboni - Biomedical engineerGiada Gerboni works in surgical robotics, supporting surgeons with new flexible robotic devices in order to make once impossible operations a reality.
Why you should listen
Giada Gerboni is a postdoctoral scholar at Stanford University, in the Collaborative Haptics and Robotics in Medicine (CHARM) Lab. Gerboni is working on the design and control of needle-sized flexible robots, work that aims to improve current percutaneous tumor ablation procedures. As she says: "One of the most exciting parts of this research is to enable surgical operations in ways that, not long ago, had not yet been conceived."
Gerboni received BE and MS degrees in biomedical engineering from the University of Pisa and a PhD in biorobotics from The BioRobotics Institute of Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies in Pisa, Italy. During her PhD, she specialized in surgical robotics, studying and developing innovative strategies for the actuation and sensing of soft and flexible instruments for applications in MIS (Minimally Invasive Surgery).
A new branch of robotics, called "soft robotics," is expanding the boundaries of robotic applications. Soft robotics faces the grand challenge of increasing the capabilities of robots to make them more suitable for physical interactions with the real world. It involves use of soft and flexible materials, deformable sensors and very different control strategies than traditional robots, which are designed to work in well-defined and confined environments. Gerboni has been involved in this field from the time of her PhD, and since then she has been exploring its potential in the medical/surgical area, where safe robot-environment interaction is crucial.
Giada Gerboni | Speaker | TED.com