TED2007
Theo Jansen: My creations, a new form of life
テオ・ヤンセン：新たな生物の創造
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芸術家テオ・ヤンセンがプラスチックのチューブとレモネードのボトルで作り上げる、驚く程生物に近い、動くアートを披露します。彼の作り上げた生物は動き、さらには自立して生きるように設計されています。
Theo Jansen - Artist
Theo Jansen is a Dutch artist who builds walking kinetic sculptures that he calls a new form of life. His "Strandbeests" walk the coastline of Holland, feeding on wind and fleeing from water. Full bio
Theo Jansen is a Dutch artist who builds walking kinetic sculptures that he calls a new form of life. His "Strandbeests" walk the coastline of Holland, feeding on wind and fleeing from water. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:25
I would like to tell you about a project
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16年前に開始した
00:29
which I started about 16 years ago,
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新しい生命体の形の創造に関する
00:33
and it's about making new forms of life.
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プロジェクトについてお話します
00:37
And these are made of this kind of tube --
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その生き物たちはこの様なチューブでできています
00:41
electricity tube, we call it in Holland.
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オランダで絶縁チューブと呼ばれているものです
00:44
And we can start a film about that,
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ここでそれに関する少し前の映像を
00:48
and we can see a little bit backwards in time.
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見てみましょう
00:52
(Video) Narrator: Eventually, these beasts are going to live in herds on the beaches.
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語り手：そのうちこの動物たちは浜辺に群れで暮らすことになるでしょう
00:57
Theo Jansen is working hard on this evolution.
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テオ ヤンセンがこの動物たちの進化のため日々研究を続けています
01:02
Theo Jansen: I want to put these forms of life on the beaches.
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テオ ヤンセン：このような生命体を浜辺に送り出したいのです
01:09
And they should survive over there,
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そして彼らは将来そこで自分たちだけで
01:12
on their own, in the future.
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生きることができるはずです
01:16
Learning to live on their own --
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彼らだけで生きる術を学び
01:19
and it'll take couple of more years to let them walk on their own.
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自分で歩くようになるには、まだ数年かかるでしょうね
01:30
Narrator: The mechanical beasts will not get their energy from food, but from the wind.
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語り手：この機械仕掛けの生命体は食物からエネルギーを供給しているのではなく風の力で動いています
01:35
The wind will move feathers on their back, which will drive their feet.
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風が背中にある羽を動かすことで彼らの脚は動くのです
01:38
The beast walks sideways on the wet sand of the beach,
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濡れた浜辺を鼻を風の吹く方に向けながら
01:42
with its nose pointed into the wind.
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横向きに歩きます
01:47
As soon as it walks into either the rolling surf or the dry sand, it stops,
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波打ち際、もしくは乾いた砂を踏むとすぐに立ち止まり
01:52
and walks in the opposite direction.
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反対側に歩いていきます
01:57
Evolution has generated many species.
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進化の過程を経て多くの種族が誕生しました
02:14
This is the Animaris Currens Ventosa.
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これがアニマリス カレンス ベントーサです
02:27
(Applause)
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（拍手）
02:35
TJ: This is a herd, and it is built according to genetical codes.
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ヤンセン：この群れは遺伝子コードに基づいて組み立てられています
02:42
And it is a sort of race, and each and every animal is different,
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これは一種の競争みたいなもので全て別々の種なのですが
02:46
and the winning codes will multiply.
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勝者が進化を続けていくことになります
02:49
This is the wave, going from left to right. You can see this one.
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これは波です、左から右にかけて流れているのが見えますね
02:58
And now it goes from -- yes, now it goes from left to right.
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このように左から右へと流れていきます
03:01
This is a new generation, a new family,
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こちらは新たな世代の種族で
03:04
which is able to store the winds.
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風の力を蓄積することが可能です
03:07
So, the wings pump up air in lemonade bottles,
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つまり羽が先端部分についているレモネードのボトルに
03:10
which are on top of that.
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空気を押し入れ
03:12
And they can use that energy in case the wind falls away,
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万一風がやんだ場合や潮が満ちた場合に蓄積してある
03:18
and the tide is coming up, and there is still a little bit of energy
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わずかなエネルギーを利用して砂の積もっている所までたどり着き
03:21
to reach the dunes and save their lives, because they are drowned very easily.
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生き延びることができます 実は彼らは溺れやすいんです
03:27
(Laughter)
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（笑）
03:33
I could show you this animal.
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こちらも紹介しましょう
03:44
(Applause) Thank you.
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（拍手）ありがとう
03:51
So, the proportion of the tubes in this animal is very important for the walking.
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この動物が歩行をする上でチューブのバランスはとても重要です
03:58
There are 11 numbers, which I call the 11 holy numbers.
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11個の番号があり、それを聖なる番号と呼んでいます
04:01
These are the distances of the tubes which make it walk that way.
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これはチューブ同士の距離を示しており、これにより歩行が可能となります
04:06
In fact, it's a new invention of the wheel.
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実はこれは新たな車輪の発明なのです
04:09
It works the same as a wheel.
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これは車輪と同じような働きをします
04:11
The axis of a wheel is staying on the same level,
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車輪の軸は同じ高さに保たれるのと同様に
04:15
and this hip is staying on the same level as well.
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この股関節の部分も同じ高さに保たれます
04:18
In fact, this is better than a wheel, because
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実際これは普通の車輪よりも優れているのです
04:21
when you try to drive with your bicycle on the beach,
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なぜなら浜辺で自転車を試しにこいでみると
04:25
you will notice it's very hard to do.
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とても大変だと気づくからです
04:29
And the feet just step over the sand,
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脚はただ砂の上に点として触れるだけなのに対して
04:34
and the wheel has to touch every piece of the ground in between.
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車輪は地面との間を全ての面が触れなくてはなりません
04:38
So, 5,000 years after the invention of the wheel,
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そこで車輪の開発から5000年後
04:42
we have a new wheel. And I will show you, in the next video
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ここに新たな車輪が誕生しました 次のビデオでお見せするのは
04:46
-- can you start it, please? --
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はじめていただけますか？
04:50
that very heavy loads can be moved.
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とてつもなく重たいものでも動かせるということです
04:55
There's a guy pushing there, behind,
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後ろから押している人が一人いるんですが
04:59
but can also walk on the wind very well.
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向かい風に対しても十分に歩行可能です
05:02
It's 3.2 tons.
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ちなみに3.2トンあります
05:04
And this is working on the stored winds in the bottles.
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これはボトルに溜めた風の力で動いています
05:14
It has a feeler, where it can feel obstacles and turn around.
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触覚で障害物の位置を察知し、迂回できます
05:18
And that stuff, you see, is going to it the other way.
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ご覧の通り、向きを変えてるでしょ
05:31
Can I have the feeler here?
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触覚を持って来てもらっていいかな？
05:38
OK. Good.
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よし
05:43
So, they have to survive all the dangers of the beach,
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つまり彼らが浜辺で生存するためには、あらゆる危険因子を回避しなければなりません
05:48
and one of the big dangers is the sea. This is the sea.
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とても危険なものの一つが海水です ここに海水があります
05:51
And it must feel the water of the sea.
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なので彼らは水を感知出来なければなりません
05:56
And this is the water feeler.
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ここが水を感知する触覚部です
05:58
And what's very important is this tube. It sucks in air normally,
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そしてとても重要なのがこのチューブです 通常では空気を取り込んでいますが
06:05
but when it swallows water, it feels the resistance of it.
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水を吸い込むと拒絶反応を示します
06:10
So imagine that the animal is walking towards the sea.
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この動物が海に向かって歩いている所を想像してください
06:18
As soon as it touches the water, you should hear a sort of sound of running air.
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水に触れた途端、空気が漏れているような音が聞こえるはずです
06:32
Yes! So if it doesn't feel, it will be drowned, OK?
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そうです！感知できなければそのまま溺れてしまうでしょ？
06:47
Here, we have the brain of the animal.
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ここに、この動物の脳があります
06:51
In fact, it is a step counter, and it counts the steps.
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実を言うと、これは万歩計で歩数を数えています
06:55
It's a binary step counter.
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これは二進法に基づく万歩計で
06:57
So as soon it has been to the sea,
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海に触れるとすぐに
07:00
it changes the pattern of zeroes and ones here,
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1と0の順列を入れ替え
07:07
and it knows always where it is on the beach. So it's very simple brain.
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いつも浜辺のどこにいるのかわかるのです 要はとても単純な脳なんです
07:14
It says, well, there's the sea, there are dunes, and I'm here.
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つまり「向こうに海があり、あそこに砂山があるから、自分は今ここだ」という具合です
07:18
So it's a sort of imagination of the simple world of the beach animal.
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浜辺で暮らす動物の簡単な日常を対象にした、一種の空想のようなものです
07:23
Thank you.
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ありがとう
07:26
One of the biggest enemies are the storms.
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最大の敵の一つは嵐です
07:34
This is a part of the nose of the Animaris Percipiere,
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これはアニマレス ペシピエールの鼻の一部です
07:39
and when the nose is fixed -- of the animal -- the whole animal is fixed.
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この鼻が固定されると、体全体が固定されることになります
07:46
So when the storm is coming up,
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嵐が近づくと
07:54
it drives a pin into the ground. (Laughter)
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地面に杭を打ち込みます（笑）
08:00
And the nose is fixed, the whole animal is fixed.
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鼻が固定され、体全体も固定されます
08:02
The wind may turn, but the animal will turn always its nose into the wind.
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風向きは変わるでしょうが、彼らは常に風の方に鼻を向けます
08:10
Now, another couple of years, and these animals will survive on their own.
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数年後には、自力で生きていけるようになるでしょう
08:15
I still have to help them a lot.
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まだ色々と助けは必要なんですけどね
08:17
Thank you very much, ladies and gentlemen.
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ご列席の皆さん、ありがとうございました
08:19
(Applause).
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（拍手）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Theo Jansen - ArtistTheo Jansen is a Dutch artist who builds walking kinetic sculptures that he calls a new form of life. His "Strandbeests" walk the coastline of Holland, feeding on wind and fleeing from water.
Why you should listen
Dutch artist Theo Jansen has been working for 16 years to create sculptures that move on their own in eerily lifelike ways. Each generation of his "Strandbeests" is subject to the forces of evolution, with successful forms moving forward into new designs. Jansen's vision and long-term commitment to his wooden menagerie is as fascinating to observe as the beasts themselves.
His newest creatures walk without assistance on the beaches of Holland, powered by wind, captured by gossamer wings that flap and pump air into old lemonade bottles that in turn power the creatures' many plastic spindly legs. The walking sculptures look alive as they move, each leg articulating in such a way that the body is steady and level. They even incorporate primitive logic gates that are used to reverse the machine's direction if it senses dangerous water or loose sand where it might get stuck.
Theo Jansen | Speaker | TED.com