ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil - Astrophysicist
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil studies the structure and dynamics of galaxies to help us understand how they form and evolve.

Why you should listen

Dr. Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil is searching for the most peculiar objects in the Universe. Her research has led to a discovery of an extremely rare galaxy with a unique circular structure, which is now commonly referred to as Burçin's Galaxy. Her work has provided the first description of a double-ringed elliptical galaxy, challenging current theories and assumptions about how the universe works and how galaxies start and evolve.

Mutlu-Pakdil earned her PhD at the University of Minnesota, and her undergraduate degree is from Bilkent University in Turkey. She is currently a postdoctoral research associate at University of Arizona and a 2018 TED Fellow. She spends most of her time searching for hierarchical structure at the scale of dwarf galaxies as a novel test of the Cold Dark Matter paradigm. She uses data gathered in a large range of wavelengths from premier telescopes worldwide and wants to learn more about how the Universe came to be the way it is today.

Mutlu-Pakdil's findings have been featured by CNN, Science Daily, Astronomy Magazine, Independent and MPR News, among many others. Damon Brown wrote in his regular Inc. Magazine online column: “Many organizations are dedicated to filling the STEM pipeline with more girls and women. Others are supporting the cause by being an example. TED Fellow Burçin is representing by being one of the most notable astrophysicists today.”

More profile about the speaker
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil | Speaker | TED.com
TED2018

Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil: A rare galaxy that's challenging our understanding of the universe

بورچين موتلو پاكديل: گەلەئەستێرەیەکی دەگمەن کە تێگەیشتمان بۆ گەردوونەکامان ئەخاتە ژێر پرسیارەوە

Filmed:
2,459,767 views

هەستێکی چۆنە گەلەستێرەيەك بدۆزیتەوە و دواتر بە ناوی تۆوە دەستنيشان بکرێت؟ ئەستێرەناسى فيزيايى و هاوەڵى تێد خاتوو بورچين موتلو-پاكديل لەم ئاخاوتنە خێرایەدا هەوڵی دەدات بە دۆزینەوەی گەلەئەستێرەی نامۆ لە لایەن تیمەکەیەوە ئاشنامان بکات.
- Astrophysicist
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil studies the structure and dynamics of galaxies to help us understand how they form and evolve. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
There are more than a trillion
galaxies in the universe.
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لەم گەردوونە دا زیاتر لە ترلیۆنێك
گەلەئەستێرە هەیە.
00:17
And my team discovered
an extremely rare one,
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تیمەکەم دانەیەکی زۆر دەگمەنیان دۆزییەوە.
00:21
a galaxy that doesn't look
quite like anything observed before.
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بە جۆریک کە ئەم گەلەئەستێرەیە
پێشتر تێبینی نەکراوە.
00:27
This galaxy is so peculiar,
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گەلەئەستێرەیەکی زۆر نامۆیە،
00:29
that it challenges our theories
and our assumptions
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بەڕادەیەک بەڕەنگاری هەموو بیردۆز و
گریمانەکانمان
00:33
about how the universe works.
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سەبارەت بە چۆنیەتی ڕەفتاری
گەردوون دەبێتەوە.
00:37
The majority of the galaxies are spiral,
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زۆربەی گەلەئەستێرەکان پێچاو پێچن،
00:40
similar to our own Milky Way.
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لەگەڵ ڕێگەی کاکێشان هاوتان.
00:42
We have strong theories about how
these common galaxies form and evolve.
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بیردۆزی بەهێزمان سەبارەت بە پێکهاتە و
پەرەسەندنی گەلەئەستێرە باوەکان هەیە.
بەڵام لە پێکهاتە و
پەرەسەندنی گەلەئەستێرە دەگمەنەکان تێناگەین
00:48
But we don't understand
how rare galaxies form and evolve.
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00:55
An especially puzzling rare case
is Hoag's Object.
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بەتایبەتی ئەو گەلەئەسێرە سەرلێشێوێنەرە
ئەڵقەیی بە هۆگ ناودەبڕێت.
01:00
It has a very symmetric central body
surrounded by a circular outer ring,
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لە ناوەندێکی نەگۆڕ پێک دێت
کە بە ئەڵقەیەکی بازنەیی دەورەدراوە،
01:07
with nothing visible connecting them.
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هیچ شتێکی دیاریکراو
پێکەوەیان نابەستێتەوە.
01:10
Hoag-type galaxies are among the rarest
types of galaxies currently known.
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گەلەئەستێرەی جۆری هۆگ بە یەکێك
لە دەگمەنترین گەلەئەستێرە دادەنرێت.
01:16
There are fewer than one
in 1,000 galaxies.
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کە ژمارەیان لە هەزار گەلەئەستێرە کەمترە.
01:22
It's a mystery how the stars
in the outer ring are just floating there
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شتێکی نادیارە کە چۆن ئەستێرەکان
بە بازنەی ئەڵقەیی
01:28
in such an orderly manner.
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بە شێوەیەکی ڕێك و پێک ڕیز بووین.
01:30
That's interesting, right?
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شتێکی سەرنج ڕاکێشە، ڕاستە؟
01:33
Hold on.
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هێشتا ماوە.
01:34
Things are about to get more mysterious.
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شتەکان ئاڵۆزتریش دەبن.
01:37
The galaxy that my team
discovered is even rarer
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ئەو گەلەئەستێرەیەی
تیمەکەم دۆزیویانەتەوە دەگمەنتر
01:41
and much more complex than that.
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و لەوەش ئالۆزترە.
01:44
You know, sometimes, you search
and search for these objects,
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دەزانن، هەندێک جار، بە دوای
ئەم بابەتانە دەگەڕێت ،
01:48
and you find nothing.
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وهیچ نادۆزیتەوە.
01:50
But sometimes, it just appears
in the background,
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بەڵام هەندێک جار، شتێکت بۆ دەردەکەوێت،
01:55
when you are not even looking for it.
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لەم کاتەی کە بە دوای نەگەڕاویت.
01:58
This system looks very similar
to Hoag's Object,
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ئەم سیستەمە زۆر لە بابەتی هۆگ نزیکە،
02:01
with its central body
and circular outer ring.
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لەگەڵ ناوەندێکی نەگۆڕ و
بە ئەڵقەیەکی بازنەیی دەورەدراوە.
02:05
We got very excited and thought
we discovered another Hoag's Object.
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ئێمە زۆر دڵخۆش بووین و بیرمان کردەوە
کە گەلەئەسێرە هۆگێکی ترمان دۆزییەوە.
02:10
But my research showed
this is an entirely new galaxy type,
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بەڵام لێکۆڵینەوەکەم دەریخست بە تەواوی
گەلەئەستێرەیەکی نوێیە،
02:17
now commonly referred to
as "Burçin's Galaxy."
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"بە گشتی ئێستا بە "گەلەئەستێرەی بورچین
ئاماژەی پێ دەکرێت.
02:21
(Laughs)
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(پێکەنین)
02:23
(Cheers) (Applause)
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(پێکەنین) (دڵخۆشی)
02:27
We will not be visiting
this galaxy anytime soon.
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ناتوانین بەم نزیکانە سەردانی ئەم
گەلە ئەستێرەیە بکەین.
02:31
It is approximately 359 million
light years away from Earth.
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چونکە بە نزیکەیی ٣٥٩ ملیۆن
ساڵی ڕووناکی لە زەوییەوە دوورە.
02:38
You may think this is far.
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لەوانەیە دووریش بێت.
02:40
Well, actually, this is one
of the nearby galaxies.
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باشە، لە ڕاستییدا، ئەمە یەکێكە لە
نزیکترین گەلە ئەستێرەکان.
02:45
I study this object in different light --
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لە ژێر ڕۆشنایی جیاواز
توێژینەوە لەسەر ئەم تەنە دەکەم
02:48
in ultraviolet, optical and near-infrared.
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بۆ نموونە لە تیشکی سەرو
بنەوشەیی، بینایی و تیشکی ژێر سوور.
02:53
Small details on our body,
like a scar or wrinkles,
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،وردەکاری بچووک لەسەر جەستەی ئێمە
بۆ نموونە پەڵە و چرچییەکانی سەر پێست،
02:57
tell the story of our lives.
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چیڕۆکی ژیانی ئێمە دەگێڕێتەوە.
02:59
Similarly, a galaxy's structure
in different light
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بەهەمان شێوە، پێکهاتەی گەلەئەستێرەکە
بە ڕووناکی جیاواز
03:03
can help us trace back
their origin and evolution.
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یارمەتیمان دەدات تا بۆ ڕەسەنایەتی و
پەرەسەندنیان بگەڕێینەوە.
03:07
How do I look for these details?
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من چۆن بە دوای ئەم وردەکاریانە دا بگەڕێم؟
03:10
I model the bright central body
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من سەرەتا وێنای سەنتەرە گەشاوەکە دەکەم
دواتر ئەو قالبە لادەبەم کە بۆ
بەرجەستە کردنی بەکارم هێناوە
03:13
and remove my model from the image
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03:15
to check for any hidden features,
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بۆئەوەی پشکنین بۆ تایبەتمەندییە
شاراوەکان بکەم،
03:18
because a bright structure in a galaxy
may blind our views of faint features,
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چونکە پێکهاتەی ڕووناکی گەلەئەستێرەکە ڕێگە
لە دیتنی لایەنە تاریکەکان دەگرێت،
03:24
just like using sunglasses
when you are blinded by the intense light.
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وەک بەکارهێنانی چاوێلکەی هەتاویی
کاتێک بەهۆی ڕووناکی تیژەوە نابینا دەبیت.
03:30
The result was a big surprise.
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ئەنجامەکە
جێگای سەرسوڕمان بوو.
03:33
This galaxy doesn't just
have an outer ring,
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ئەم گەلەئەستێرە تەنیا
بازنەیەکی دەرەکی نییە،
03:37
it has an additional, diffused inner ring.
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بەڵکو بازنەیەکی زیادەی ناوەکی ڕووناکی
بڵاوبووەوەشی هەیە.
03:41
We were having a hard time
explaining the origin of the outer ring
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ئێمە لە دۆخێکی دژوار دابووین
کاتێک ڕوونکردنەوەمان سەبارەت بە بازنەی
03:46
in Hoag-type galaxies.
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دەرەکی گەلەئەستێرەی جۆری هۆگ دەدا.
03:48
Now we also need to explain
this mysterious second ring.
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پێویستە ئێستا ئەڵقەی
نامۆیەکەی دووەم ڕوون بکەینەوە.
03:53
There is currently no known mechanism
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لە ئێستا دا هیچ ڕێگەیەکی
کارکردنی زانراو نییە
03:56
that can explain the existence of an inner
ring in such a peculiar galaxy.
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تا بتوانێت بازنەی ناوەکی ئەم گەلەئەستێرە
نامۆیە ڕوون بکاتەوە.
04:01
So the discovery of Burçin's Galaxy
clearly highlights the gap
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بۆیە دۆزینەوەی گەلەئەستێرەی بورچین
بەڕوونی بێ ئاگایی ئێمە سەبارەت بە
04:06
in our knowledge of galaxy evolution.
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پەرەسەندنی گەلە ئەستێرەکان
دەردەخات.
دەبێت توێژینەوەی زیاتر لە چۆنیەتی پێکهاتنی
ئەم گەلەئەستێرە دەگمەنانە ئەنجام بدرین
04:09
Further research into how
this extremely rare galaxy was formed
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04:14
can provide us with new clues
on how the universe works.
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بەڵگەی تازەمان سەبارەت بە
ڕەفتاری گەردوون دەخاتە بەردەست.
04:21
This discovery tells us
that we still have a lot to learn,
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ئەم دۆزینەوەیە پێمان دەڵێت
کە هێشتا زۆر شتمان ماوە فێری ببین
04:25
and we should keep looking
deeper and deeper in space
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و دەبێت قوڵتر لە بۆشایی ئاسماندا بگەڕێین
04:29
and keep searching for the unknown.
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و لەسەر گەڕان بەدوای
نەزانراوەکان بەدەوام بین.
04:32
Thank you.
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سوپاس.
04:34
(Applause)
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(چەپڵەڕێزان)
Translated by Koya University
Reviewed by Razaw Bor

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil - Astrophysicist
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil studies the structure and dynamics of galaxies to help us understand how they form and evolve.

Why you should listen

Dr. Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil is searching for the most peculiar objects in the Universe. Her research has led to a discovery of an extremely rare galaxy with a unique circular structure, which is now commonly referred to as Burçin's Galaxy. Her work has provided the first description of a double-ringed elliptical galaxy, challenging current theories and assumptions about how the universe works and how galaxies start and evolve.

Mutlu-Pakdil earned her PhD at the University of Minnesota, and her undergraduate degree is from Bilkent University in Turkey. She is currently a postdoctoral research associate at University of Arizona and a 2018 TED Fellow. She spends most of her time searching for hierarchical structure at the scale of dwarf galaxies as a novel test of the Cold Dark Matter paradigm. She uses data gathered in a large range of wavelengths from premier telescopes worldwide and wants to learn more about how the Universe came to be the way it is today.

Mutlu-Pakdil's findings have been featured by CNN, Science Daily, Astronomy Magazine, Independent and MPR News, among many others. Damon Brown wrote in his regular Inc. Magazine online column: “Many organizations are dedicated to filling the STEM pipeline with more girls and women. Others are supporting the cause by being an example. TED Fellow Burçin is representing by being one of the most notable astrophysicists today.”

More profile about the speaker
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil | Speaker | TED.com

Data provided by TED.

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