TEDWomen 2010
Elizabeth Lindsey: Curating humanity's heritage
Elizabeta Lindseyová: Spravovanie ľudského dedičstva
Filmed:
Readability: 3.7
533,253 views
Hovorí sa, že keď starší zomrie, je to ako keby zhorela knižnica. Antorpológ Elizabeta Lindseyová, spolupracovník National Geographic, zbiera hlboké kultúrne znalosti predané cez príbehy a tradície.
Elizabeth Lindsey - Explorer, ethnographer
Elizabeth Lindsey is a fellow of the National Geographic Society. Her mission: to keep ancestral voices alive by recording indigenous wisdom and traditions. Full bio
Elizabeth Lindsey is a fellow of the National Geographic Society. Her mission: to keep ancestral voices alive by recording indigenous wisdom and traditions. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
As a child,
0
0
3000
Ako dieťa
00:18
I was raised by native Hawaiian elders --
1
3000
3000
som bola vychovávaná domorodými Havajskými staršími --
00:21
three old women
2
6000
2000
tri staré ženy,
00:23
who took care of me while my parents worked.
3
8000
3000
ktoré sa o mňa starali, pokiaľ moji rodičia pracovali.
00:27
The year is 1963.
4
12000
3000
Je rok 1963
00:30
We're at the ocean.
5
15000
2000
Sme na oceáne,
00:32
It's twilight.
6
17000
2000
je súmrak.
00:34
We're watching the rising of the stars
7
19000
4000
Pozorujeme vychádzanie hviezd
00:38
and the shifting of the tides.
8
23000
3000
a zmeny prúdov.
00:41
It's a stretch of beach we know so well.
9
26000
4000
Je to časť pláže, ktorú poznáme tak veľmi dobre.
00:45
The smooth stones on the sand
10
30000
3000
Hladké kamene na piesku
00:48
are familiar to us.
11
33000
3000
sú nám známe.
00:52
If you saw these women on the street
12
37000
2000
Ak by ste videli tieto ženy na ulici,
00:54
in their faded clothes,
13
39000
2000
vo svojich vyblednutých šatách,
00:56
you might dismiss them
14
41000
2000
mohli by ste ich zavrhnúť
00:58
as poor and simple.
15
43000
2000
ako chudobné a jednoduché.
01:00
That would be a mistake.
16
45000
3000
To by bola chyba.
01:03
These women are descendants
17
48000
2000
Tieto ženy sú potomkovia
01:05
of Polynesian navigators,
18
50000
2000
Polynézskych navigátorov
01:07
trained in the old ways
19
52000
3000
trénované starým spôsobom
01:10
by their elders,
20
55000
2000
ich staršími.
01:12
and now they're passing it on to me.
21
57000
3000
A teraz to predávajú mne.
01:15
They teach me the names of the winds and the rains,
22
60000
4000
Učia ma mená vetrov a dažďov --
01:19
of astronomy according to a genealogy of stars.
23
64000
4000
astronómiu podľa genealógie hviezd.
01:23
There's a new moon on the horizon.
24
68000
3000
Na oblohe je nov.
01:26
Hawaiians say it's a good night for fishing.
25
71000
3000
Havajčania vravia, že to je dobrá noc na rybárčenie.
01:29
They begin to chant.
26
74000
3000
Začnú spievať.
01:32
[Hawaiian chant]
27
77000
30000
[Havajský spev]
02:02
When they finish,
28
107000
2000
Keď skončia,
02:04
they sit in a circle
29
109000
2000
sadnú si do kruhu
02:06
and ask me to come to join them.
30
111000
3000
a požiadajú ma, aby som sa k nim pripojila.
02:09
They want to teach me about my destiny.
31
114000
3000
Chcú ma učiť o mojom osude.
02:13
I thought every seven-year-old went through this.
32
118000
2000
Myslela som si, že každý sedemročný týmto prešiel.
02:15
(Laughter)
33
120000
2000
(smiech)
02:19
"Baby girl,
34
124000
2000
"Dievčatko,
02:21
someday the world will be in trouble.
35
126000
3000
jedného dňa svet bude mať problémy.
02:24
People will forget their wisdom.
36
129000
3000
Ľudia zabudnú svoju múdrosť.
02:27
It will take elders' voices
37
132000
3000
Hlasy starších zo vzdialených
02:30
from the far corners of the world
38
135000
3000
kútov sveta budú potrebné
02:33
to call the world into balance.
39
138000
3000
pre navrátenie rovnováhy tomuto svetu.
02:37
You will go far away.
40
142000
2000
Pôjdeš ďaleko.
02:39
It will sometimes be a lonely road.
41
144000
3000
Niekedy to bude samotárska cesta.
02:42
We will not be there.
42
147000
2000
My tam s tebou nebudeme.
02:44
But you will look into the eyes
43
149000
2000
Ale keď sa pozrieš do očí
02:46
of seeming strangers,
44
151000
3000
zdanlivých cudzincov
02:49
and you will recognize your ohana,
45
154000
3000
a rozpoznáš svoju ohanu,
02:52
your family.
46
157000
2000
svoju rodinu.
02:54
And it will take all of you.
47
159000
3000
A celú ťa to unesie.
02:57
It will take all of you."
48
162000
4000
Celú ťa to unesie."
03:01
These words, I hold onto
49
166000
3000
Týchto slov sa držím
03:04
all my life.
50
169000
2000
celý život.
03:06
Because the idea of doing it alone
51
171000
3000
Lebo myšlienka robiť to sama
03:09
terrifies me.
52
174000
3000
ma desí.
03:12
The year is 2007.
53
177000
3000
Je rok 2007.
03:15
I'm on a remote island in Micronesia.
54
180000
3000
Som na opustenom ostrove v Mikronézii.
03:18
Satawal is one half-mile long
55
183000
3000
Satawal je jeden a pol míle dlhý
03:21
by one mile wide.
56
186000
3000
a míľu široký.
03:24
It's the home of my mentor.
57
189000
2000
Je to domov môjho učiteľa.
03:26
His name is Pius Mau Piailug.
58
191000
2000
Jeho meno je Pius Piailug.
03:28
Mau is a palu,
59
193000
2000
Mau je palu,
03:30
a navigator priest.
60
195000
2000
kňaz navigátor.
03:32
He's also considered
61
197000
2000
Tiež je pokladaný
03:34
the greatest wave finder in the world.
62
199000
3000
za najväčšieho hľadača vĺn na svete.
03:37
There are fewer than a handful
63
202000
2000
Menej ako hrsť
03:39
of palu left on this island.
64
204000
3000
paluanov ostalo na tomto ostrove.
03:42
Their tradition is so extraordinary
65
207000
3000
Ich tradícia je o to mimoriadna,
03:45
that these mariners sailed
66
210000
2000
že títo moreplavci sa plavili
03:47
three million square miles across the Pacific
67
212000
3000
tritisíc štvorcových míľ cez Pacifik
03:50
without the use of instruments.
68
215000
3000
bez použitia akýchkoľvek prístrojov.
03:53
They could synthesize patterns in nature
69
218000
3000
Dokázali napodobniť podľa vzoru prírody
03:56
using the rising and setting of stars,
70
221000
3000
pomocou vychádzania a zapadania hviezd
03:59
the sequence and direction of waves,
71
224000
3000
poradie a smer vĺn,
04:02
the flight patterns of certain birds.
72
227000
3000
smer letu určitých vtákov.
04:05
Even the slightest hint of color
73
230000
3000
Aj najjemnejší odtieň farby,
04:08
on the underbelly of a cloud
74
233000
2000
na spodku mraku
04:10
would inform them
75
235000
2000
im oznámil
04:12
and help them navigate with the keenest accuracy.
76
237000
3000
a pomohol im navigovať sa z najprecíznejšou presnosťou.
04:18
When Western scientists would join Mau on the canoe
77
243000
3000
Keď by sa západný vedci pripojili k plavbe v kanoe s Mauom
04:21
and watch him go into the hull,
78
246000
2000
a pozerali sa ako ide do trupu,
04:23
it appeared that an old man
79
248000
2000
vyzeralo by to, že starý muž
04:25
was going to rest.
80
250000
2000
si ide odpočinúť.
04:27
In fact, the hull of the canoe
81
252000
2000
Ale popravde, trup kanoe
04:29
is the womb of the vessel.
82
254000
2000
je maternica plavidla.
04:31
It is the most accurate place
83
256000
3000
Je to to najpresnejšie miesto
04:34
to feel the rhythm and sequence
84
259000
3000
pre pocit rytmu, poradia
04:37
and direction of waves.
85
262000
2000
a smeru vĺn.
04:39
Mau was, in fact,
86
264000
2000
Mau, vlastne
04:41
gathering explicit data
87
266000
2000
zbieral podrobné údaje
04:43
using his entire body.
88
268000
3000
celým svojím telom.
04:46
It's what he had been trained to do
89
271000
2000
Robil to, na čo bol trénovaný
04:48
since he was five years old.
90
273000
3000
od svojich piatich rokov.
04:51
Now science may dismiss this methodology,
91
276000
4000
Veda môže dnes túto metódu zatracovať,
04:55
but Polynesian navigators use it today
92
280000
4000
ale Polynézsky navigátori to používajú dodnes,
04:59
because it provides them
93
284000
3000
lebo im to poskytuje
05:02
an accurate determination
94
287000
2000
presné určenie
05:04
of the angle and direction
95
289000
2000
uhla a smeru
05:06
of their vessel.
96
291000
2000
ich plavidla.
05:08
The palu also had
97
293000
2000
Paluania tiež mali
05:10
an uncanny ability
98
295000
2000
čudnú schopnosť
05:12
to forecast weather conditions
99
297000
2000
predpovedať stav počasia
05:14
days in advance.
100
299000
2000
a to vopred na niekoľko dní.
05:16
Sometimes I'd be with Mau on a cloud-covered night
101
301000
3000
Niekedy som si sadla s Mauom počas oblačnej noci
05:19
and we'd sit at the easternmost coast of the island,
102
304000
3000
a sedeli sme na najvýchodnejšom cípe ostrova
05:22
and he would look out,
103
307000
3000
a on sa iba pozrel hore.
05:25
and then he would say,
104
310000
2000
A potom povedal,
05:27
"Okay, we go."
105
312000
2000
"Dobre, ideme"
05:29
He saw that first glint of light --
106
314000
2000
Uvidel ten prvý záblesk svetla --
05:31
he knew what the weather was going to be three days from now.
107
316000
3000
a hneď vtedy vedel aké bude počasie o tri dni dopredu.
05:35
Their achievements, intellectually and scientifically,
108
320000
3000
Ich úspechy, intelektuálne a vedecké,
05:38
are extraordinary,
109
323000
2000
sú mimoriadne,
05:40
and they are so relevant
110
325000
2000
a sú tak relevantné
05:42
for these times that we are in
111
327000
2000
pre dobu, v ktorej žijeme,
05:44
when we are riding out storms.
112
329000
4000
kedy len prečkávame problémy.
05:48
We are in such a critical moment
113
333000
3000
Sme v tak kritickom období
05:51
of our collective history.
114
336000
2000
našej spoločnej histórie.
05:56
They have been compared
115
341000
2000
Boli porovnávaní
05:58
to astronauts --
116
343000
2000
s astronautmi --
06:00
these elder navigators
117
345000
2000
títo starší navigátori,
06:02
who sail vast open oceans
118
347000
3000
ktorí sa plavia nekonečnými otvorenými moriami
06:05
in double-hulled canoes
119
350000
3000
v dvoj-trupových kanoe
06:08
thousands of miles
120
353000
2000
tisícky míľ
06:10
from a small island.
121
355000
2000
z malého ostrova.
06:13
Their canoes, our rockets;
122
358000
3000
Ich kanoe, naše rakety,
06:16
their sea, our space.
123
361000
3000
ich more, náš vesmír.
06:20
The wisdom of these elders
124
365000
2000
Múdrosť týchto starších
06:22
is not a mere collection
125
367000
2000
nieje iba nejaká zbierka
06:24
of stories about old people
126
369000
3000
príbehov o starých ľuďoch
06:27
in some remote spot.
127
372000
2000
v nejakých vzdialených miestach.
06:29
This is part of our collective narrative.
128
374000
3000
Toto je súčasť našeho spoločného príbehu.
06:32
It's humanity's DNA.
129
377000
3000
Je to DNA ľudstva.
06:35
We cannot afford to lose it.
130
380000
3000
Nemôžeme si dovoliť toto stratiť.
06:38
The year is 2010.
131
383000
3000
Je rok 2010.
06:42
Just as the women in Hawaii
132
387000
3000
Tak ako ženy na Havaji,
06:45
that raised me predicted,
133
390000
2000
ktoré ma vychovali, predpovedali,
06:47
the world is in trouble.
134
392000
3000
svet má problémy.
06:51
We live in a society
135
396000
3000
Žijeme v spoločnosti
06:54
bloated with data,
136
399000
2000
preplnenej dátami,
06:56
yet starved for wisdom.
137
401000
3000
ale hladovej po múdrosti.
07:00
We're connected 24/7,
138
405000
4000
Sme pripojený 24/7,
07:04
yet anxiety,
139
409000
2000
ale úzkosť,
07:06
fear, depression and loneliness
140
411000
3000
strach, depresia a samotárstvo
07:09
is at an all-time high.
141
414000
2000
je na najvyšších hodnotách v histórii.
07:11
We must course-correct.
142
416000
3000
Musíme zmeniť kurz.
07:15
An African shaman said,
143
420000
3000
Ako Africký šaman povedal,
07:18
"Your society worships the jester
144
423000
3000
"Vaša spoločnosť uctieva šaša
07:21
while the king stands
145
426000
2000
zatiaľ čo kráľ stojí
07:23
in plain clothes."
146
428000
3000
v prostých šatách."
07:30
The link between the past and the future
147
435000
3000
Spojenie medzi minulosťou a budúcnosťou
07:33
is fragile.
148
438000
2000
je krehké.
07:35
This I know intimately,
149
440000
2000
Toto ja dôverne poznám,
07:37
because even as I travel
150
442000
3000
lebo aj keď som
07:40
throughout the world
151
445000
2000
precestovala svet,
07:42
to listen to these stories and record them,
152
447000
4000
aby som počúvala takéto príbehy a nahrávala ich,
07:46
I struggle.
153
451000
2000
bojím sa.
07:53
I am haunted
154
458000
3000
Som znepokojená
07:56
by the fact that I no longer remember
155
461000
4000
tím, že si už nepamätám
08:00
the names of the winds and the rains.
156
465000
5000
mená vetrov a dažďov.
08:09
Mau passed away
157
474000
3000
Mau odišiel zo sveta
08:12
five months ago,
158
477000
2000
pred piatimi mesiacmi,
08:14
but his legacy and lessons live on.
159
479000
3000
ale jeho dedičstvo a lekcie žijú naďalej.
08:18
And I am reminded
160
483000
4000
A je mi pripomínané,
08:22
that throughout the world
161
487000
3000
že na celom svete,
08:25
there are cultures
162
490000
2000
sú kultúry
08:27
with vast sums of knowledge in them,
163
492000
4000
s obrovskými množstvami vedomostí
08:31
as potent as the Micronesian navigators,
164
496000
4000
tak silných ako tie od Mikronézskych navigátorov,
08:35
that are going dismissed,
165
500000
2000
na ktoré sa zabudne,
08:37
that this is a testament
166
502000
2000
tak toto je testament
08:39
to brilliant, brilliant
167
504000
2000
geniálnej, geniálnej
08:41
technology and science and wisdom
168
506000
3000
technológii, vede a múdrosti,
08:44
that is vanishing rapidly.
169
509000
2000
ktorá sa rýchlo vytráca.
08:46
Because when an elder dies a library is burned,
170
511000
3000
Lebo keď starší zomrie, je to, ako keď zhorí knižnica.
08:49
and throughout the world, libraries are ablaze.
171
514000
4000
A na celom svete, knižnice tlejú.
08:53
I am grateful for the fact
172
518000
3000
Som vďačná za fakt,
08:56
that I had a mentor like Mau
173
521000
3000
že som mala učiteľa ako Mau,
08:59
who taught me how to navigate.
174
524000
3000
ktorý ma naučil ako navigovať.
09:02
And I realize
175
527000
2000
A uvedomila som si,
09:04
through a lesson that he shared
176
529000
3000
cez lekciu, ktorú so mnou zdieľal,
09:07
that we continue to find our way.
177
532000
2000
že my pokračujeme v nachádzaní našej cesty.
09:09
And this is what he said:
178
534000
3000
A toto je to, čo povedal:
09:12
"The island is the canoe;
179
537000
2000
"Ostrov je kanoe;
09:14
the canoe, the island."
180
539000
3000
kanoe, ostrov."
09:17
And what he meant was,
181
542000
3000
A čo tým myslel je,
09:20
if you are voyaging
182
545000
2000
že keď cestujete
09:22
and far from home,
183
547000
2000
ďaleko od domova,
09:24
your very survival depends
184
549000
2000
tak vaše prežitie závisí
09:26
on everyone aboard.
185
551000
3000
na každom na palube.
09:29
You cannot make the voyage alone,
186
554000
3000
Nemôžete sa vydať na plavbu sám,
09:32
you were never meant to.
187
557000
2000
nikdy ste sa ani nemali.
09:34
This whole notion of every man for himself
188
559000
2000
Táto celá myšlienka toho, že každý za seba
09:36
is completely unsustainable.
189
561000
2000
je úplne neudržateľná.
09:38
It always was.
190
563000
3000
A vždy aj bola.
09:41
So in closing I would offer you this:
191
566000
4000
Takže na záver Vám chcem povedať následovné:
09:45
The planet is our canoe,
192
570000
4000
Planéta je naše kanoe
09:49
and we are the voyagers.
193
574000
3000
a my sme plavitelia.
09:52
True navigation
194
577000
2000
Pravá navigácia
09:54
begins in the human heart.
195
579000
3000
začína s ľudským srdcom.
09:57
It's the most important map of all.
196
582000
3000
Je to tá najdôležitejšia mapa zo všetkých.
10:00
Together, may we journey well.
197
585000
3000
Spoločne, nech plavíme sa dobre.
10:03
(Applause)
198
588000
3000
(Potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Elizabeth Lindsey - Explorer, ethnographerElizabeth Lindsey is a fellow of the National Geographic Society. Her mission: to keep ancestral voices alive by recording indigenous wisdom and traditions.
Why you should listen
Elizabeth Kapu'uwailani Lindsey wants the world to remember the people who came before us. The actor-turned-anthropologist has made it her mission to find, preserve and share the knowledge and traditions of indigenous populations before they disappear. She’s working with Google to create a geospatial Map of the Human Story, using the indigenous science of wayfinding to chart tales at risk of being lost.
In 2011, Lindsey, who's the first female fellow and first Polynesian explorer at the National Geographic Society, will set out on a 186-day global expedition to document what she calls "teachings critical to navigating the complexity of our times." Lindsey’s 1996 documentary Then There Were None, which chronicled the near-extinction of native Hawaiians, has become a must-see in many history classrooms. She was named Hawaii’s Woman of the Year in 2004.
Elizabeth Lindsey | Speaker | TED.com