TEDGlobal 2011
Misha Glenny: Hire the hackers!
Misha Glenny: Kireysashada Burcada Internetka
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Ayadoo ay jirto maalgalin Balaayiin Dollar ah oo lagu bixiyo amaanka internetka, ayaa waxaa la iska indha tiray mid kamid ah mushkiladaha aasaaska u ah arinkaas, waxaana weeye, dadka qora furayaashaas (Virus-yadaas) wasaqeesan, Misha Glenny oo ah sirdoon arimaha danbiyada ayaa waxa uu soo bandhigayaa nolosha qaar kamid ah dadkaas barnaamijyada sameeya ee danbiyada loo heysto aduunka daafihiisa, waxa uuna keenayaa fikrad cajiib ah.
Misha Glenny - Underworld investigator
Journalist Misha Glenny leaves no stone unturned (and no failed state unexamined) in his excavation of criminal globalization. Full bio
Journalist Misha Glenny leaves no stone unturned (and no failed state unexamined) in his excavation of criminal globalization. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Now this is a very un-TED-like thing to do,
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waxa aan hada sameynaayo waa wax ka duwan TED gebi ahaan
00:18
but let's kick off the afternoon
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laakiin cawada aan ku bilaawno
00:21
with a message
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warqad
00:23
from a mystery sponsor.
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ka socoto ''Masuulka waxyaabaha qarsoon''
00:26
Anonymous: Dear Fox News,
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''Qof aan la aqoon'': Fox News-oow
00:28
it has come to our unfortunate attention
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Dareenkeena waxaa soo jiitay
00:31
that both the name and nature of Anonymous
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in dhamaan magaca iyo deegaanka qofka aan la qoon
00:33
has been ravaged.
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la kashifay
00:35
We are everyone. We are no one.
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Anagu dadka dhan ayaan nahay, hal qof ma nihin
00:38
We are anonymous. We are legion.
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Dad aan la aqoonin ayaynu nahay, koox ayaana matelnaa
00:41
We do not forgive. We do not forget.
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wax ma cafino, waxna ma hilmaamno
00:44
We are but the base of chaos.
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Fowdada bilawgeeda ayaynu nahay
00:49
Misha Glenny: Anonymous, ladies and gentlemen --
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Misha Glenny: ''Dad aan la aqoon'' Mudanayaal iyo marwooyin
00:52
a sophisticated group
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waa koox horumarsan
00:54
of politically motivated hackers
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waa koox wax Dhaqaajisa oo siyaasad usoo jeestay
00:56
who have emerged in 2011.
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soona baxay sanadkii 2011
00:59
And they're pretty scary.
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aad ayaana looga cabsadaa
01:01
You never know when they're going to attack next,
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ma ogaan kareysid waqtiga weerarkooda xiga ay soo qaadayaan
01:04
who or what the consequences will be.
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qofka iyo waxa ay cawaaqibtaas noqon karto
01:07
But interestingly,
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laakiin si xiiso leh
01:09
they have a sense of humor.
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waa dad kaftan yaqaana
01:12
These guys hacked into Fox News' Twitter account
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kooxdaan, waxay jabsadeen Qaanada Twitterka ee Shabakada FOX NEWS
01:16
to announce President Obama's assassination.
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si ay usheegaan in la dilay Madaxweyne Obama
01:20
Now you can imagine the panic that would have generated
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markaan waad qiyaasi kartaa naxdinta ka dhalan karta
01:23
in the newsroom at Fox.
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qolka wararka ee Fox
01:25
"What do we do now?
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Maxaan sameynaa?
01:27
Put on a black armband, or crack open the champagne?"
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Calaamad madoow miyaan saarnaa, mise dhalo khamri ayaan furnaa
01:30
(Laughter)
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(Qosal)
01:32
And of course, who could escape the irony
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Dabcan, yaa waaye qofka ay kasuuro galeyso, jeesjeeskaas in uu sameeyo
01:36
of a member of Rupert Murdoch's News Corp.
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in xubin kamid ah shirkada wararka ee Rupert Murdoch
01:39
being a victim of hacking for a change.
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la jabsaday si wax loo badalo
01:42
(Laughter)
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(Qosal)
01:44
(Applause)
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(Sacab)
01:48
Sometimes you turn on the news
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Mararka qaar Akhbaarta ayaad shideysaa
01:51
and you say, "Is there anyone left to hack?"
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waxaadna isleedahay ''Ma waxaan dhiman qof kaloo la jabsado?''
01:53
Sony Playstation Network -- done,
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Shabakada Sony ee Games-ka waa la jabsaday
01:56
the government of Turkey -- tick,
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Xukuumada Turkiga waa la jabsaday
01:58
Britain's Serious Organized Crime Agency -- a breeze,
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Wakaalada Ingiriiska ee danbiyada khatarta ah - si fudud ayaa loo jabsaday
02:01
the CIA -- falling off a log.
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Wakaalada Sirdoonka Mareenkankana-- hoos ayay u rideen
02:03
In fact, a friend of mine from the security industry
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Runtii, Mid saaxiibkeey ah oo dhanka amaanka kashaqeya
02:05
told me the other day
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ayaa iisheegay Maalmo kahor
02:07
that there are two types of companies in the world:
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in Shirkadaha caalamka 2 nooc ay yihiin
02:10
those that know they've been hacked, and those that don't.
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Shirkada og in la jabsaday iyo kuwo aanan ogeyn
02:13
I mean three companies
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waxaan kawadaa in 3 shirkad
02:16
providing cybersecurity services to the FBI
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ee Amaanka Internetka ka shaqeeya howlahoodana u gudbiya FBI
02:20
have been hacked.
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in la jabsaday
02:22
Is nothing sacred anymore, for heaven's sake?
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miyeesan jirin wax ilaahay dartiisa loo dhaafaayo?
02:25
Anyway, this mysterious group Anonymous --
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wax walbeey ahaato, kooxdaan qarsoon
02:27
and they would say this themselves --
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waxay naftooda u sheegayaan
02:29
they are providing a service
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in ay qabanayaan howlo
02:31
by demonstrating how useless companies are
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ay ku cadeynayaan in Shirkadaha Eberka ah
02:35
at protecting our data.
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ee ku ilaalinayaan Macluumaadkeena
02:38
But there is also a very serious aspect to Anonymous --
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laakiin dadkaasi qarsoon waxay leeyihiin dhinac qatar ah
02:41
they are ideologically driven.
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waxay leeyihiin Fikrado ayaga riixaaya
02:44
They claim that they are battling
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waxay sheeganayaan in ay la dagaalayaan
02:46
a dastardly conspiracy.
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shirqoolo xunxun
02:49
They say that governments are trying
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waxay dhahayaan: in xukuumadaha ay isku dayayaan
02:51
to take over the Internet and control it,
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in Internetka ay qabsadaan, ayna maamulaan
02:54
and that they, Anonymous,
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ayagana ''Qof walboo qarsoon''
02:56
are the authentic voice of resistance --
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ee yihiin codka iska Caabinta xaqiiqda ah.
02:59
be it against Middle Eastern dictatorships,
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kana soo horjeeda Kali talisnimada Bariga dhexe
03:01
against global media corporations,
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kasoo horjeeda Hey'adaha warbaahinta caalamiga ah
03:04
or against intelligence agencies,
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kana soo horjeeda Wakaaladaha Sirdoonka
03:06
or whoever it is.
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iyo qof walbay ahaato
03:08
And their politics are not entirely unattractive.
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siyaasadadoona ma ahan mid gebi ahaan la necebyahay
03:12
Okay, they're a little inchoate.
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Hagaag, laakiin xoogaa ayaga ma dhameystirno
03:15
There's a strong whiff
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waxaa jirto Heybad awood badan
03:17
of half-baked anarchism about them.
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oo ah fowdada ceyriinka ah ee leeyihiin
03:20
But one thing is true:
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laakiin hal mid ayaa sax ah
03:22
we are at the beginning
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waxaan kujirnaa bilaawga
03:24
of a mighty struggle
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Loolan weyn
03:26
for control of the Internet.
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oo Maamulida Internetka ah
03:29
The Web links everything,
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Shabakada wax walba ayay isku xirtaa
03:31
and very soon
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mar dhawna
03:33
it will mediate most human activity.
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waxay dhaxdhaxaad ka noqon doontaa dhaqdhaqaaqyada ugu badan ee dadka.
03:35
Because the Internet has fashioned
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waayo internetka waxa uu dhisay
03:37
a new and complicated environment
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Deegaan cusub oo adag
03:39
for an old-age dilemma
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ee dabinadii hore
03:42
that pits the demands of security
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kaasoo si xooga ah u raadinaayay Amni
03:45
with the desire for freedom.
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xoriyad damacsanaasho ayadoo jirto
03:48
Now this is a very complicated struggle.
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kaasina waa loolan dhib badan runtii
03:52
And unfortunately, for mortals like you and me,
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Nasiib xumo, dadka caadiga sideyda iyo sidiinoo kale
03:55
we probably can't understand it very well.
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waxaa laga yaabaa si fiican in ay u fahmi waayaan
03:58
Nonetheless,
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sidaa daraadeed
04:00
in an unexpected attack of hubris
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weerar aanan la filaneyn
04:02
a couple of years ago,
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dhowr sano kahor
04:04
I decided I would try and do that.
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waxaan go'aansaday in aniga aan sameeyo
04:07
And I sort of get it.
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wayna iisuuro gashay in aan sameeyo sidaas si udhaw
04:11
These were the various things that I was looking at
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waxyaabahan kala duwan ee aan raadinaayay
04:13
as I was trying to understand it.
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waxaana isku daayay in aan fahmo
04:15
But in order to try and explain the whole thing,
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laakiin arinka dhan hadii aan isku dayo in aan sharaxo
04:18
I would need another 18 minutes or so to do it,
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waxaan ubaahanahay 18 daqiiqo kale ama wax u dhaw si aan u sameeyo
04:21
so you're just going to have to take it on trust from me on this occasion,
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markaasna waad igu kalsoonaaneysaa munaasabadaan dhexdeeda
04:26
and let me assure you that all of these issues
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aan idiin xaqiijiyo in masaa'ishaan dhan
04:28
are involved in cybersecurity and control of the Internet
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ay ku xariirto amaanka iyo maamulida internetka
04:31
one way or the other,
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hal wado ama wado kale
04:33
but in a configuration
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lkn sameynta
04:35
that even Stephen Hawking would probably have difficulty
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in Stephen Hawkin xataa uu dhib wajahay
04:38
trying to get his head around.
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markuu isku dayay in uu fahmo
04:41
So there you are.
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Hagaag, soo dhawaada
04:43
And as you see, in the middle,
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sidaa ujeedaan, dhexda
04:45
there is our old friend, the hacker.
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waa kan Saaxiibkeenii hore, ''Waxjabiyaha''
04:47
The hacker is absolutely central
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Qofka wax jabsada gebi ahaan meel dhexe ayuu dhacaa
04:50
to many of the political, social
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mas'alooyin badan, oo siyaasada iyo kuwa bulshada ah
04:52
and economic issues affecting the Net.
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iyo kuwa dhaqaalaha ee saameysa Internetka
04:55
And so I thought to myself,
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sidaa darteed waxaan is dhahay
04:58
"Well, these are the guys who I want to talk to."
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''Hagaag, kuwaani waa dadka aan rabo in aan la hadlo''
05:01
And what do you know,
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sidaa ogtihiin
05:04
nobody else does talk to the hackers.
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qof kale oo la hadlo majiro dadkaan wax jabsada
05:06
They're completely anonymous, as it were.
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waayo lama yaqaano, sidee xaalada eheed
05:09
So despite the fact
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iyo sida ay xaqiiqda tahay
05:11
that we are beginning to pour billions,
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waxaan bilaawnay in Balaayiin aan ku bixino
05:14
hundreds of billions of dollars,
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Boqolaal bilyan oo Dollar
05:16
into cybersecurity --
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amaanka Internetka
05:19
for the most extraordinary technical solutions --
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Xalalka Teknoolajiyo ee ugu fiican darteed
05:23
no one wants to talk
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majiro qof rabo in uu la hadlo
05:25
to these guys, the hackers,
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dadkaan waxjabsada
05:27
who are doing everything.
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ee wax walba sameeya
05:30
Instead, we prefer these really dazzling technological solutions,
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taas badalkeedana, waxaan doorbidnay xalalka Teknoolajiyo ee soo ifaaya
05:35
which cost a huge amount of money.
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taasoo lacago badan ay ku baxaan
05:38
And so nothing is going into the hackers.
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mida xigta, qof ku dhaqaaqaaya dadkaan waxjabsadana majiro
05:41
Well, I say nothing,
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Hagaag, waxaan leeyahay, waxna
05:43
but actually there is one teeny weeny little research unit
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laakiin xaqiiqdii waxaa jirto qolo xubin yar ah oo wax baarta
05:47
in Turin, Italy
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ee Turin, Italy joogto
05:49
called the Hackers Profiling Project.
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waxaana loogu yeeraa, ''Mashruuca ogaashada nolol shakhsiyeedyada dadka wax jabsada''
05:52
And they are doing some fantastic research
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waxayna sameeyaan baaritaano waa weyn
05:55
into the characteristics,
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dabeecadaha dadka wax jabsada
05:57
into the abilities
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awoodooda
05:59
and the socialization of hackers.
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iyo sida ay bulshada ugu dhexnoolyihiin
06:01
But because they're a U.N. operation,
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laakiin maadaama ay tahay howl, U.Nka hoos timaada
06:03
maybe that's why governments and corporations
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taasi waxaa laga yaabaa in ay tahay sababta dowladaha iyo shirkadaha
06:05
are not that interested in them.
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aysan u daneyneen.
06:07
Because it's a U.N. operation,
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maxaa yeelay waa waa howl U.Nka taabacsan
06:09
of course, it lacks funding.
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marka lacag kubixin ma heysato
06:12
But I think they're doing very important work.
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laakiin waxaan aaminsanahay in ay hayaan howl muhiim ah
06:15
Because where we have a surplus of technology
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maxaa yeelay markii ay jirto wax Teknoolajiyada kusoo furma
06:19
in the cybersecurity industry,
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ee sameynta warshadaha amaanka Internetka
06:22
we have a definite lack of --
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markaas tabar uma yeelan doono
06:25
call me old-fashioned --
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-- iigu yeera in aan Style-kii hore kutaaganahay --
06:27
human intelligence.
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ee caqliga bini aadamka
06:29
Now, so far I've mentioned
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waxaan sheegay ilaa iyo hada
06:31
the hackers Anonymous
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kooxaha wax jabsada ee aan la aqoon
06:33
who are a politically motivated hacking group.
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ahna koox burcad ah oo siyaasada u dhaqdhaqaaqa
06:36
Of course, the criminal justice system
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Dabcan, Nidaamka cadaalada waxa uu kula dhaqmaa
06:38
treats them as common old garden criminals.
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in ay yihiin danbiilayaal faafsan
06:40
But interestingly,
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lkn si xiiso leh
06:42
Anonymous does not make use of its hacked information
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kooxdaani ogama faa'iideesato macluumaadka ay jabsadaan
06:44
for financial gain.
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in ay lacag ku helaan
06:46
But what about the real cybercriminals?
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laakiin waa sidee burcada internetka ee xaqiiqda ah
06:50
Well real organized crime on the Internet
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Hagaag, Danbiyada la soo nidaamiyo ee Netka kadhaca
06:53
goes back about 10 years
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waxay soo bilaabatay 10kii sano ee lasoo dhaafay
06:55
when a group of gifted Ukrainian hackers
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markii koox Yukreeniyiin ah oo waxjabinta heybad uleh
07:00
developed a website,
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ay hormariyeen Bog internetka korkiisa
07:02
which led to the industrialization
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kaasoo sababay in loo badalo tuugnimada netka
07:04
of cybercrime.
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warshad tuugo
07:07
Welcome to the now forgotten realm of CarderPlanet.
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Kusoo dhawaada caalamka la hilmaamay ee ''CarderPlanet''
07:13
This is how they were advertising themselves
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waa wadada ay naftooda ku xayaysiin jireen
07:15
a decade ago on the Net.
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Tobankii sano ee lasoo dhaafay Internetka korkiisa
07:18
Now CarderPlanet was very interesting.
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CarderPlanet-na aad ayaa loo xiiseyn jiray
07:20
Cybercriminals would go there
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halkaas ayay aadi jireen burcada Internetka
07:22
to buy and sell stolen credit card details,
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si ay usoo iibsadaan macluumaadka Kaarar bangiyeedyada lasoo xaday
07:25
to exchange information
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si ay macluumaadka u kala badashaan
07:27
about new malware that was out there.
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barnaamij cusub oo kambiyuutarka lagu burburin karo
07:30
And remember, this is a time
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xasuusta, waqtigaas waxay eheed
07:32
when we're seeing for the first time
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markii ugu horeysay ee aan aragnay
07:34
so-called off-the-shelf malware.
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waxyaabaha lagu magacaabo barnaamijyadaan wasaqeesan
07:36
This is ready for use, out-of-the-box stuff,
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waxyaabo u diyaarsan in la isticmaalo, aadna u sareeya, aadna u habeysan
07:39
which you can deploy
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ay suuro gal tahay in la fidiyo
07:41
even if you're not a terribly sophisticated hacker.
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xataa hadii aadan eheen qof si hormarsan oo laga cabsanaayo wax ujabsan kara
07:45
And so CarderPlanet became a sort of supermarket
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sidaa darteed CarderPlanet waxa uu noqday sida Bakhaar
07:48
for cybercriminals.
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ay leeyihiin burcada Internetka
07:50
And its creators
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dadka sameeyayna waxay ahaayeen
07:52
were incredibly smart and entrepreneurial,
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dad si aan la rumeysan karin u caqli badan
07:54
because they were faced
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maxaa yeelay waxay wajaheen
07:56
with one enormous challenge as cybercriminals.
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caqabado weyn, sida Burcada Internetka
07:59
And that challenge is:
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Caqabadaasina waa
08:01
How do you do business,
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sida aad oga ganacsaneysid
08:03
how do you trust
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sida aad ugu kalsoonaaneysid
08:05
somebody on the Web who you want to do business with
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qof internetka isticmaala oo aad wax kala iibsan rabtaa
08:07
when you know that they're a criminal?
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marka aad ogtahay in uu tuugyahay qofkaas
08:10
(Laughter)
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(Qosal)
08:12
It's axiomatic that they're dodgy,
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way iska cadahay in ay Qiyaanoolayaal
08:14
and they're going to want to try and rip you off.
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iskuna dayaaya in ay ku xadaan
08:17
So the family, as the inner core of CarderPlanet was known,
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Sidaa darteed qoyska waxay la imaadeen, sidey macruufka ku ahaayeen xarunta dhexe ee CarderPlanet
08:20
came up with this brilliant idea
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fikradaani caqliga badan
08:22
called the escrow system.
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ay ubixyeen Hab Damaano qaad ah
08:24
They appointed an officer
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waxay sameeyeen ''Sargaal''- Masuul
08:27
who would mediate between the vendor and the purchaser.
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dhexdhexaad ka noqonaaya qofka wax iibsanaaya iyo kan laga iibinaayo
08:30
The vendor, say, had stolen credit card details;
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hadii aan dhahno, qofka wax iibinaayo waxa uu soo xaday kaar bangiyeed
08:33
the purchaser wanted to get a hold of them.
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uuna rabo qofkaan wax iibsanaayo in uu gacanta ku dhigo
08:36
The purchaser would send the administrative officer
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qofka wax iibsanaayo Sargaalka ayuu waxa uu u dirayaa
08:39
some dollars digitally,
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dhowr Dollar si Digital ah
08:41
and the vendor would sell the stolen credit card details.
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qofka wax iibinaayayne markaas waxa uu bixinayaa Tafaasiisha kaarkii uu soo xaday
08:44
And the officer would then verify
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markaas kadib ayuu Sargaalka xaqiijinayaa
08:47
if the stolen credit card worked.
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in kaarka lasoo xaday uu shaqeynaayo
08:50
And if they did,
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hadii ay sameeyaan.
08:52
he then passed on the money to the vendor
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lacagtii waxa uu udirayaa qofkii wax iibinaayay
08:54
and the stolen credit card details to the purchaser.
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Kaarka Tafaasiishana qofkii wax iibsaday
08:57
And it was this
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arinkaasina waxa uu ahaa
08:59
which completely revolutionized cybercrime on the Web.
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wax dhaliyay kacdoon weyn ee Falalka danbiyada Internetka
09:04
And after that, it just went wild.
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markaas kadibna toos ayuu arinkii duurka u galay
09:06
We had a champagne decade
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waxayna eheed Toban sano oo dabaaldegyo ah
09:08
for people who we know as Carders.
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dadka loo yaqaano kaarar Jabsadayaasha
09:11
Now I spoke to one of these Carders
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mid kamid ah ayaan la hadlay
09:13
who we'll call RedBrigade --
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oo aan hada ugu yeereeno RedBrigade
(Janaraalkii Casaa)
(Janaraalkii Casaa)
09:15
although that wasn't even his proper nickname --
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inkastoo naaneystiisa dhabta ah aysan eheen
09:17
but I promised I wouldn't reveal who he was.
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lkn waxaan balan qaaday in aanan sheegin asiga
09:19
And he explained to me how in 2003 and 2004
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waxa uu ii sharaxay sida sanadihii 2003 iyo 2004
09:22
he would go on sprees in New York,
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uu si baashaal ah ku aadi jiray New York
09:25
taking out $10,000 from an ATM here,
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uuna 10kun oo Dollar oga soo baxsan jiray makiinada lacagta lagala baxo ee halkaan
09:28
$30,000 from an ATM there,
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30kun kale makiinada lacagta lagala baxo ee halkaas
09:31
using cloned credit cards.
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asigoo isticmaalaayo kaarar koobi ah
09:34
He was making, on average a week,
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waxa uuna heli jiray
09:37
$150,000 --
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150 kun Dollar isbuucii
09:40
tax free of course.
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-- Canshuur aanan saarneyn --
09:42
And he said
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waxa uu dhahay
09:45
that he had so much money
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in uu heestay lacago badan
09:47
stashed in his upper-East side apartment at one point
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uuna ku qarin jiray qeybta bari ee kore ee gurigiisa
09:49
that he just didn't know what to do with it
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uusana ogeyn waxa uu ku sameynaayo
09:51
and actually fell into a depression.
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xaqiiqdii, xaalada welwel leh ayuu kujiray
09:53
But that's a slightly different story,
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laakin taasi wa sheeko ka duwan xoogaa
09:55
which I won't go into now.
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kumana sii dheeraanaayo hada
09:57
Now the interesting thing about RedBrigade
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hagaag, qeybta muhiimka ah ee ''RedBrigade'' Janaraalkii Casaa
10:00
is that he wasn't an advanced hacker.
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waxa waaye, ma uusan eheen qof sida wax loo jabsado ku dheereeya
10:02
He sort of understood the technology,
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waxa uu fahmay Teknoolajiyada
10:04
and he realized that security was very important
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waxa uuna ogaaday in Amaanka uu muhuum yahay hadii
10:07
if you were going to be a Carder,
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aad rabtid in aad noqotid dadka kaararka Jabsada.
10:10
but he didn't spend his days and nights
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lkn kuma uusan dhameysaneyn habeenkiisa iyo maalintiisa dhan
10:12
bent over a computer, eating pizza,
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Kambiyuutarka in uu kor fadhiyo, Pizzana uu cuno
10:14
drinking coke and that sort of thing.
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kooka cabo, iyo wixii lamid ah
10:16
He was out there on the town
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magaalada ayuu joogi jiray
10:18
having a fab time enjoying the high life.
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waqti fiican ayuu ku qaadan jiray, asigoo ku raaxeysanaayo noloshaas hodanka ah
10:20
And this is because
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kani, maxaa yeelay
10:22
hackers are only one element
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dadka wax jabsada waxay matalaan hal dhinac
10:25
in a cybercriminal enterprise.
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oo danbiyada Internetka ah
10:28
And often they're the most vulnerable element of all.
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caado ahaana waxa ay noqdaan, waxa ugu daciifsan
10:34
And I want to explain this to you
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waxaan rabaa in aan idiin cadeeyo taas
10:36
by introducing you to six characters
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anigoo idin baraayo 6 qof
10:38
who I met
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aan lakulmay
10:40
while I was doing this research.
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intii aan baaritaankaas ka shaqeynaayay
10:43
Dimitry Golubov, aka SCRIPT --
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Dimitry Golubov oo kumagac dheer ''SCRIPT''
10:46
born in Odessa, Ukraine in 1982.
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waxa uu ku dhashay, Odessa, Ukraine 1982
10:49
Now he developed his social and moral compass
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waxa uu hormariyay Jiheeyihiisa bulsho iyo maskax
10:52
on the Black Sea port during the 1990s.
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ee dekada Bada Madoow sanadihii sagaashameeyadii
10:55
This was a sink-or-swim environment
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waxayna tani eheed Deegaan nolol ama geeri
10:58
where involvement in criminal or corrupt activities
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meesha lug ku lahaanshada falalka danbiyeed iyo qalalaase
11:02
was entirely necessary
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ay daruuri ka eheed
11:04
if you wanted to survive.
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hadii aad rabtid in aad badbaado
11:06
As an accomplished computer user,
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Kambiyuutarka uu ku xeel dheeraa darteed
11:08
what Dimitry did
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Dimitry waxa uu sameeyay
11:10
was to transfer the gangster capitalism of his hometown
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in uu ku xawilo Burcada Magaaladiisa Ra'sumaalkooda
11:14
onto the Worldwide Web.
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Internetka korkiisa
11:16
And he did a great job in it.
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howl weyn ayuuna qabtay
11:18
You have to understand though
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waa in aad fahantaan
11:20
that from his ninth birthday,
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in sagaal sano jirkiisa
11:22
the only environment he knew
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deegaanka kaliya uu yaqaanay
11:24
was gangsterism.
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uu ahaa Burcadnimada
11:26
He knew no other way of making a living
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ma uusan aqoon wado kale uu noloshiisa kusoo dhacsado
11:28
and making money.
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lacagna ku sameeyo
11:30
Then we have Renukanth Subramaniam,
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''Kaas kadib'' waxaan heynaa Renukanth Subramaniam
11:32
aka JiLsi --
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oo kumagac dheer JiLsi
11:34
founder of DarkMarket,
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ninkii dhisay Suuqa Madoow
11:36
born in Colombo, Sri Lanka.
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waxa uu ku dhashay Colombo, Siri Lanka
11:38
As an eight year-old,
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sanadiisii 8aad
11:40
he and his parents fled the Sri Lankan capital
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asiga iyo aabihiisa waxay kasoo carareen caasimada Siri Lanka
11:42
because Singhalese mobs were roaming the city,
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maxaa yeelay burcada Singhalese ayaa magaalada ku wareegeysay
11:45
looking for Tamils like Renu to murder.
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ayagoo raadinaaya ''dad Tamil ah'' sida Reno cml si ay u dilaan
11:48
At 11, he was interrogated by the Sri Lankan military,
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sanadiisii 11aad, waxaa su'aalo weydiiyay Militariga Sri Lanka
11:50
accused of being a terrorist,
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ayagoo ku tuhmeen argagaxisanimo
11:52
and his parents sent him on his own to Britain
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waalidkiisa ayaa ingiriiska usoo direen kaligiis
11:56
as a refugee seeking political asylum.
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Qaxooti magan galyo doon ah camal
11:59
At 13,
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sanadiisii 13aad
12:01
with only little English and being bullied at school,
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Englishkiisa yaraa iyo culeeska uu iskoolka kala kulmaayay
12:04
he escaped into a world of computers
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waxa uu u cararay caalamka Kambiyuutarada
12:07
where he showed great technical ability,
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meeshaasuu ku muujiyay awoodo farsamo oo waa weyn
12:09
but he was soon being seduced
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lkn si fudud ayaa loo dhumiyay
12:12
by people on the Internet.
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dad internetka isticmaala ayaana dhumiyeen
12:14
He was convicted of mortgage and credit card fraud,
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waxaa lagu eedeeyay sharad in uu ku gali jiray guryaha, iyo kaarar bangiyeed bug ah uu sameeyn jiray.
12:17
and he will be released from Wormwood Scrubs jail in London
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waxaana laga soo deyn doonaa xabsiga Wormwood Scrubs ee London kuyaala
12:20
in 2012.
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2012
12:22
Matrix001,
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Matrix001
12:26
who was an administrator at DarkMarket.
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kaasoo maamule ka ahaa suuqa madoow
12:29
Born in Southern Germany
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waxa uu kudhashay Koonfurta Jarmalka
12:31
to a stable and well-respected middle class family,
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qoys iska dhaqan oo ixtiraam fiican ka heysta bulshada heerka dhexe
12:33
his obsession with gaming as a teenager
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uleexashadiisa dhanka game markii uu yaraa
12:36
led him to hacking.
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ayaa ujiiday dhanka burcadnimada
12:38
And he was soon controlling huge servers around the world
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si fududna waxa uu noqday qof maamula kambiyuutaro badan aduunka daafihiisa
12:42
where he stored his games
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meeshaasuu ku keydsaday Games-kiisa
12:44
that he had cracked and pirated.
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taasoo hadana uu sii burcadeeyay, furayaasheedana jabiyay
12:46
His slide into criminality
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sidaas ayuuna ugu siqay danbiyada
12:48
was incremental.
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si tartiib ah
12:50
And when he finally woke up to his situation
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markii uu soo baraarugayne
12:53
and understood the implications,
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uu saameyntiisana ogaaday
12:55
he was already in too deep.
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waxa uu ahaa mid xili horey ku quusay arinkaas
12:58
Max Vision, aka ICEMAN --
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Max Vision oo ku magac dheer Ninkii Barafka
13:00
mastermind of cardersMarket.
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caqliga maamula suuqa dadka jabsada kaararka bangiyada
13:02
Born in Meridian, Idaho.
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waxa uu ku dhashay Meridian, Idaho
13:04
Max Vision was one of the best penetration testers
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Max Vision waxa uu ka mid ahaa dadkii ugu fiicnaa kuwa tijaabiya waxyaabaha la jabsado
13:08
working out of Santa Clara, California
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waxa uu ka shaqeyn jiray banaanka Santa Clara, California
13:11
in the late 90s for private companies
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dhamaadkii sagaashameeyadii shirkado khaas ah
13:13
and voluntarily for the FBI.
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si tabarucaad ahna FBI-da
13:16
Now in the late 1990s,
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dhamaadkii sagaashameeyadii
13:18
he discovered a vulnerability
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waxa uu ogaaday meesha ya ka daciifsanyihiin
13:20
on all U.S. government networks,
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dhamaan shabakadaha xukuumada mareekanka
13:23
and he went in and patched it up --
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wuuna jabsaday
13:25
because this included nuclear research facilities --
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maxaa yeelay waxay ka koobneed, Cilmi baarisyo Nuugliyeer sameyn
13:29
sparing the American government
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asigoo ka fogeynaayo xukuumada mareekanka
13:31
a huge security embarrassment.
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dhaawac amni oo weyn
13:33
But also, because he was an inveterate hacker,
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laakiin sidoo kale, waxa uu ahaa qof waxjabsada oo madax adag
13:36
he left a tiny digital wormhole
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waxa uu ka tagay duleelo Digital ah oo weyn
13:38
through which he alone could crawl.
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oo kiligiis uu dhaqaajin karo
13:40
But this was spotted by an eagle-eye investigator,
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lkn arinkaas waxaa kashifay baarayaasha Eagle-eye la dhaho
13:43
and he was convicted.
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waana la eedeeyay
13:45
At his open prison,
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intii uu kujiray xabsigiisii furnaa
13:47
he came under the influence of financial fraudsters,
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waxa soo jiitay dadka lacagaha dhaca
13:49
and those financial fraudsters
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kuwaasi
13:51
persuaded him to work for them
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waxay ku qanciyeen in uu la shaqeeyo ayaga
13:53
on his release.
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marka lasoo daayo
13:55
And this man with a planetary-sized brain
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ninkaani leh caqli jiniyeed-ka
13:58
is now serving a 13-year sentence
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waxa uu qaadanayaa 13 sano xabsi ah
14:00
in California.
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magaalada California
14:02
Adewale Taiwo, aka FeddyBB --
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Adewale Taiwo, oo ku magacdheer FeddyBB
14:05
master bank account cracker
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waa xisaab banki jabsade qatar ah
14:07
from Abuja in Nigeria.
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Abuja, Nigeria, kasoo jeeda
14:10
He set up his prosaically entitled newsgroup,
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waxa uuna sameeyay kooxdiisii la baxday Akhbaarta Xanuunka badan
14:13
bankfrauds@yahoo.co.uk
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bankfrauds@yahoo.co.uk
14:18
before arriving in Britain
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inta uusan Ingiriiska imaanin
14:20
in 2005
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2005
14:22
to take a Masters in chemical engineering
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si uu Master uga helo, chemical engineering
14:24
at Manchester University.
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Jaamacada Manchester
14:26
He impressed in the private sector,
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waxa uu aad usoo jiitay hey'adaha Khaaska ah
14:29
developing chemical applications for the oil industry
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asigoo hormariya Barnaamijyo kiimiko ah ee warshadaha Batroolka
14:32
while simultaneously running
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isla waqtigaasna waxa uu madax u ahaa
14:34
a worldwide bank and credit card fraud operation that was worth millions
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howlo lagu dhaco bangiyada aduunka dhan daafihiisa oo malaayiina la ekeed
14:37
until his arrest in 2008.
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ilaa laga xiro sanadii 2008
14:41
And then finally, Cagatay Evyapan,
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ugu danbeyn Cagatay Evyapan
14:43
aka Cha0 --
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oo ku magacdheer Cha0
14:45
one of the most remarkable hackers ever,
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mid kamid ah kuwa ugu macruufsan dadka wax jabsada
14:47
from Ankara in Turkey.
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kana soo jeedo, Anqara, Turkiya
14:49
He combined the tremendous skills of a geek
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waxa uu isku darsaday, xirfadaha qof kambiyuutar ku xeel dheer
14:52
with the suave social engineering skills
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iyo xirfada caqliyeenta social engineering-ka
14:56
of the master criminal.
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ee qof tuug xeel dheere ah uu lahaado
14:59
One of the smartest people I've ever met.
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mid kamid ah dadkii ugu caqliga badna ee aan abid la kulmo
15:02
He also had the most effective
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waxaa kaloo uu heystay hababka amni ee ugu saameynta badan
15:04
virtual private network security arrangement
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ee shirkado khaas ah
15:06
the police have ever encountered
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ee booliiska ka horyimaada abid
15:08
amongst global cybercriminals.
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burcada internetka caalamiga ah dhexdooda
15:10
Now the important thing
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arinka muhiimka ah hada
15:12
about all of these people
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ee dadkaasi dhan
15:14
is they share certain characteristics
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waxa waaye, waxay ka simanyihiin waxyaabo dhowr ah
15:16
despite the fact that they come from very different environments.
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inkastoo xaqiiq ahaan ee deegaan kala duwan kasoo jeedaan
15:20
They are all people who learned their hacking skills
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laakiin kuligood waxay barteen howlaha waxjabsiga
15:23
in their early to mid-teens.
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intii ay aadka u yaraayeen
15:26
They are all people
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dhamaantoodna
15:28
who demonstrate advanced ability
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waxay muujiyeen awoodo horumarsan
15:30
in maths and the sciences.
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xaga xisaabaatka iyo sayniska
15:33
Remember that, when they developed those hacking skills,
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xasuusta, markii ay hormariyeen howlaha waxjabsi ay heesteen
15:35
their moral compass had not yet developed.
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ma uusan hormarsaneyn jiheeyahooda maskaxeed weli
15:39
And most of them, with the exception of SCRIPT and Cha0,
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dhamaantood markii laga reebo ''SCRIPT'' iyo ''Cha0''
15:42
they did not demonstrate
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ma aysan muujinin
15:46
any real social skills in the outside world --
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xirfado bulsho caalamka kale ee banaanka ah
15:49
only on the Web.
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kaliya Internetka gudihiisa
15:51
And the other thing is
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arinka ugu danbeeyana waa
15:53
the high incidence of hackers like these
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soo badashada tirada dadka waxjabsada sidaas oo kale
15:55
who have characteristics which are consistent
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waxay leeyihiin tilmaamo lamid ah
15:58
with Asperger's syndrome.
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Asperger Syndrome
16:01
Now I discussed this
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arinkaasna waxaan kala xaajooday
16:03
with Professor Simon Baron-Cohen
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Professor Simon Baron-Cohen
16:05
who's the professor of developmental psychopathology at Cambridge.
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oo ah macalim Horumarinta cilmi nafsiga ka dhiga Cambridge
16:09
And he has done path-breaking work on autism
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waxa uuna qabtay howl sare oo ku saabsan kalinimada
16:13
and confirmed, also for the authorities here,
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waxa uuna u cadeeyay madaxda halkaan
16:15
that Gary McKinnon --
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in Gary McKinnon
16:17
who is wanted by the United States
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oo ahaa nin ay mareekanka raadsanayeen
16:19
for hacking into the Pentagon --
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oo jabsaday Pentagon-ka
(wasaarada Gaashaandhiga mareekanka)
(wasaarada Gaashaandhiga mareekanka)
16:21
suffers from Asperger's
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in uu qabay Asperger
16:23
and a secondary condition
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iyo xaalad welwel ah
16:25
of depression.
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oo sare
16:27
And Baron-Cohen explained
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waxa uu sharaxay Baron-Cohen
16:29
that certain disabilities
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in cudurada qaar
16:31
can manifest themselves in the hacking and computing world
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ay suuro gal tahay ineey kasoo muuqdaan caalamka Kambiyuutarada iyo wax jabsiga
16:34
as tremendous skills,
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ayagoo u muuqda xirfado gaar ah
16:36
and that we should not be throwing in jail
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anagana waajib naguma aha in aan xabsi kutuurno
16:38
people who have such disabilities and skills
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dad qaba cuduradaas iyo xirfadahaas
16:41
because they have lost their way socially
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maadaama ay ka dhumeen hab bulsho la dhaqankoodii
16:44
or been duped.
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ama la qiyaanay
16:46
Now I think we're missing a trick here,
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waxaan aaminsanahay in aynu weysanahay xeelad halkaan
16:49
because I don't think people like Max Vision should be in jail.
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waayo ma aaminsani, dad sida Max Vision in ay xabsi galaan
16:52
And let me be blunt about this.
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aano ku dhagnaado arinkaan
16:54
In China, in Russia and in loads of other countries
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Shiinaha, Ruushka, iyo dowlada kale oo badan
16:57
that are developing cyber-offensive capabilities,
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taasoo ay gaaraan howlo wax jabsi ah
17:00
this is exactly what they are doing.
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sidaan ayay sameeyaan
17:02
They are recruiting hackers
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ciidan ayay ka dhigaan dadkaas wax jabsada
17:04
both before and after they become involved
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inta aysan arinkaas lug ku yeelan kahor iyo kadiba
17:07
in criminal and industrial espionage activities --
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danbiyo iyo howlo jaajuusnimo
17:10
are mobilizing them
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way qalabeeyaan
17:12
on behalf of the state.
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ayagoo dowlada matalaaya
17:14
We need to engage
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waa in aan la wadaagnaa
17:16
and find ways of offering guidance
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aana helno wado aan ku hanuunin karno
17:18
to these young people,
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dhalinyaradaasi
17:20
because they are a remarkable breed.
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maxaa yeelay waa ubad lataabankaro waxqabadkooda
17:22
And if we rely, as we do at the moment,
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hadii aan ku tiirsanaan leheen sida aan hada sameyneeno
17:24
solely on the criminal justice system
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nidaamka cadaalada kalinimo
17:27
and the threat of punitive sentences,
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iyo ciqaabaha dhaqan celin ee loogu goodinaayo
17:30
we will be nurturing a monster we cannot tame.
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waxaan ogaaneynaa in aan korinay Bahal eynaan carbin karin
17:33
Thank you very much for listening.
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waad mahadsantihiin sida aad ii dhageysateen
17:35
(Applause)
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(Sacab)
17:48
Chris Anderson: So your idea worth spreading
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Chris Anderson: hagaag fikradaada way mudantahay in la fidiyo
17:50
is hire hackers.
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oo ah in lasoo kiraysto dadka waxjabsada
17:52
How would someone get over that kind of fear
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siduu qof ugu bareeri karaa cabsidaas
17:56
that the hacker they hire
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qofka waxjabsanaayo ee uu isticmaalaayo
17:58
might preserve that little teensy wormhole?
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ay macquul tahay in uu keydsado duleeladaasi yaryarka ah ee dhunsan?
18:00
MG: I think to an extent,
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MG: ilaa iyo xad waxaan aaminsanahay
18:02
you have to understand
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in aad fahanto
18:04
that it's axiomatic among hackers that they do that.
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in ay iska cadahay in ay sameeyaan sidaas
18:07
They're just relentless and obsessive
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waayo naxariis malaha, waswaasna way ka qabaan
18:10
about what they do.
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waxa ay sameenayaan
18:12
But all of the people who I've spoken to
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lkn dhamaan kuwaan la hadlay
18:14
who have fallen foul of the law,
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kuwaaso qaanuunka u dhacay
18:16
they have all said, "Please, please give us a chance
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waxay dhamaan dheheen: ''Fadlan fursad nasiiya''
18:19
to work in the legitimate industry.
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aan ka shaqeyno wax soo saar sharciyeesan
18:22
We just never knew how to get there, what we were doing.
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ee aynaan ogeen awal, sida loo gaaro, iyo waxa la sameeyo
18:25
We want to work with you."
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waxaan rabnaa in aan idinla shaqeyno
18:27
Chris Anderson: Okay, well that makes sense. Thanks a lot Misha.
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Chris Anderson: Okay, taasi waa wax macquul ah, Mahadsanid Misha.
18:30
(Applause)
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(Sacab)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Misha Glenny - Underworld investigatorJournalist Misha Glenny leaves no stone unturned (and no failed state unexamined) in his excavation of criminal globalization.
Why you should listen
In minute detail, Misha Glenny's 2008 book McMafia illuminates the byzantine outlines of global organized crime. Whether it's pot smugglers in British Columbia, oil/weapons/people traffickers in Eastern Europe, Japanese yakuza or Nigerian scammers, to research this magisterial work Glenny penetrated the convoluted, globalized and franchised modern underworld -- often at considerable personal risk.
The book that resulted is an exhaustive look at an unseen industry that Glenny believes may account for 15% of the world's GDP.
Legal society ignores this world at its peril, but Glenny suggests that conventional law enforcement might not be able to combat a problem whose roots lie in global instability.
While covering the Central Europe beat for the Guardian and the BBC, Glenny wrote several acclaimed books on the fall of Yugoslavia and the rise of the Balkan nations. He's researching a new book on cybercrime, of which he says: "The key to cybercrime is what we call social engineering. Or to use the technical term for it, there's one born every minute."
Watch TED's exclusive video Q&A with Glenny: "Behind the Scenes of McMafia" >>
Misha Glenny | Speaker | TED.com