TED2006
Cameron Sinclair: My wish: A call for open-source architecture
Kameron Sinkler o Open-source arhitekturi
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Prihvatajući svoju TED nagradu za 2006. godinu, Kameron Sinkler pokazuje kako posvećeni dizajneri i arhitekte mogu da se odazovu na svetsku krizu u stanovanju. On otkriva svoju želju da se stvori mreža ljudi koji će raditi na globalnom poboljšanju životnih uslova kroz dizajn koji se zasniva na saradnji i zajedničkom radu.
Cameron Sinclair - Co-founder, Architecture for Humanity
2006 TED Prize winner Cameron Sinclair is co-founder of Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that seeks architecture solutions to global crises -- and acts as a conduit between the design community and the world's humanitarian needs. Full bio
2006 TED Prize winner Cameron Sinclair is co-founder of Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that seeks architecture solutions to global crises -- and acts as a conduit between the design community and the world's humanitarian needs. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:24
I'm going to take you on a journey very quickly.
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Ubrzo ću vas povesti na putovanje.
00:26
To explain the wish, I'm going to have to take you somewhere
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Da bih objasnio svoju želju, moraću da vas povedem negde
00:29
which many people haven't been, and that's around the world.
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gde mnogo ljudi nije nikada bilo, a to je na put oko sveta.
00:31
When I was about 24 years old, Kate Store and myself started an organization
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Kada sam imao oko 24 godine, Kejt Stor i ja osnovali smo organizaciju
00:36
to get architects and designers involved in humanitarian work.
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da bismo uključili dizajnere i arhitekte u humanitarni rad.
00:40
Not only about responding to natural disasters,
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Ne samo kada se radi o prirodnim nepogodama,
00:42
but involved in systemic issues.
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već da ih uključimo u sistemska pitanja.
00:45
We believed that where the resources and expertise are scarce,
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Verovali smo da tamo gde nedostaju sredstva i stručnost,
00:50
innovative, sustainable design can really make a difference in people's lives.
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inovativni, održivi dizajn može zaista da promeni ljudske živote.
00:56
So I started my life as an architect, or training as an architect,
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Tako je sve počelo – započeo sam život kao arhitekta, to jest svoje obrazovanje kao arhitekta,
01:01
and I was always interested in socially responsible design,
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i uvek me je zanimao društveno odgovoran pristup dizajnu,
01:04
and how you can really make an impact.
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i to kako se stvarno može uticati na stvari.
01:06
But when I went to architectural school,
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Ali kada sam upisao arhitekturu,
01:08
it seemed that I was the black sheep in the family.
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izgledalo je da sam crna ovca u porodici.
01:11
Many architects seemed to think that when you design,
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Izgledalo je da mnogi arhitekti smatraju da kada se projektuje,
01:14
you design a jewel, and it's a jewel that you try and crave for.
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projektuje se dragulj i to je dragulj koji želite i kome stremite.
01:18
Whereas I felt that when you design,
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S druge strane ja sam osećao da kada projektujete
01:20
you either improve or you create a detriment
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vi ili poboljšavate ili unazađujete
01:22
to the community in which you're designing in.
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zajednicu za koju projektujete.
01:24
So you're not just doing a building for the residents
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Tako da ne projektujete zgradu samo za njene stanare
01:26
or for the people who are going to use it,
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ili za ljude koji će je koristiti,
01:28
but for the community as a whole.
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već i za celokupnu zajednicu.
01:30
And in 1999, we started by responding to the issue of the housing crisis
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Sa radom smo počeli 1999. godine odgovarajući na problem smeštaja
01:37
for returning refugees in Kosovo
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za izbeglice koje su se vraćale na Kosovo;
01:39
and I didn't know what I was doing; like I say, mid-20s,
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nisam tačno znao šta radim, imao sam, kao što rekoh, nešto više od 20 godina,
01:43
and I'm the, I'm the Internet generation, so we started a website.
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i pripadam internet-generaciji, tako da smo počeli sa veb-sajtom.
01:47
We put a call out there, and to my surprise in a couple of months
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Objavili smo poziv na sajtu i na moje iznenađenje kroz par meseci
01:51
we had hundreds of entries from around the world.
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imali smo stotine odgovora iz celog sveta.
01:54
That led to a number of prototypes being built
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To je dovelo do građenja određenog broja prototipa
01:56
and really experimenting with some ideas.
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i stvarnog eksperimentisanja sa nekim idejama.
01:59
Two years later we started doing a project
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Dve godine kasnije započeli smo projekat
02:01
on developing mobile health clinics in sub-Saharan Africa,
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razvoja mobilnih zdravstvenih klinika u podsaharskoj Africi,
02:05
responding to the HIV/AIDS pandemic.
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kao odgovor na pandemiju HIVa/AIDSa.
02:10
That led to 550 entries from 53 countries.
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Iz 53 zemlje stiglo je 550 predloga.
02:16
We also have designers from around the world that participate.
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Učestvovali su dizajneri iz celog sveta.
02:21
And we had an exhibit of work that followed that.
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A inicijativu je pratila i izložba radova.
02:24
2004 was the tipping point for us.
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2004. je za nas bila prekretnica.
02:27
We started responding to natural disasters
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Počeli smo da odgovaramo na prirodne nepogode
02:29
and getting involved in Iran and Bam,
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i da se uključujemo u Iranu i Bamu,
02:31
also following up on our work in Africa.
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kao i da nastavimo da pratimo svoj rad u Africi.
02:34
Working within the United States,
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Naš rad u Sjedinjenim Državama --
02:36
most people look at poverty and they see the face of a foreigner,
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većina ljudi kada misli o siromaštvu zamišlja lica stranaca,
02:39
but go live -- I live in Bozeman, Montana --
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ali da ste otišli da živite -- ja živim u Bozemanu u Montani --
02:41
go up to the north plains on the reservations,
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da ste otišli u severne ravnice u rezervatima,
02:43
or go down to Alabama or Mississippi
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ili dole u Alabamu ili Misisipi pre
02:46
pre-Katrina, and I could have shown you places
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uragana Katrina, mogao bih da vam pokažem mesta gde
02:48
that have far worse conditions than many developing countries I've been to.
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su životni uslovi daleko gori nego u mnogim zemljama u razvoju u kojima sam bio.
02:52
So we got involved in and worked in inner cities and elsewhere.
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Uključili smo se i radili u gradskim centrima i na drugim mestima.
02:56
And then also I will go into some more projects.
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Pričaću takođe još o nekim projektima.
02:59
2005 Mother Nature kicked our arse.
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2005. majka priroda nas je propisno isprašila.
03:02
I think we can pretty much assume that 2005 was a horrific year
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Mislim da manje-više možemo da pođemo od toga da je 2005. bila užasna godina
03:07
when it comes to natural disasters.
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što se tiče prirodnih nepogoda.
03:09
And because of the Internet,
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A kako postoji internet,
03:10
and because of connections to blogs and so forth,
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i ljudi su povezani na blogovima i slično,
03:13
within literally hours of the tsunami, we were already raising funds,
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bukvalno par sati posle cunamija već smo skupljali sredstva,
03:18
getting involved, working with people on the ground.
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povezivali se i radili sa ljudima na licu mesta.
03:21
We run from a couple of laptops in the first couple of days,
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Prvih nekoliko dana radili smo sa nekoliko laptop računara,
03:25
I had 4,000 emails from people needing help.
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dobio sam 4000 mejlova od ljudi kojima je bila potrebna pomoć.
03:28
So we began to get involved in projects there,
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Tako smo počeli sa tamošnjim projektima,
03:31
and I'll talk about some others.
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i govoriću o još nekima od njih.
03:32
And then of course, this year we've been responding to Katrina,
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I onda, naravno, ove godine odazvali smo se na probleme prouzrokovane Katrinom
03:35
as well as following up on our reconstruction works.
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i nastavili sa praćenjem našeg rada na rekonstrukciji.
03:38
So this is a brief overview.
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Ovo je kratak pregled.
03:41
In 2004, I really couldn't manage
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2004. zaista nisam mogao da se snađem
03:43
the number of people who wanted to help,
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sa brojem ljudi koji su želeli da pomognu,
03:45
or the number of requests that I was getting.
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a ni sa brojem zahteva koje sam dobijao.
03:47
It was all coming into my laptop and cell phone.
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Sve je stizalo na moj laptop i mobilni telefon.
03:50
So we decided to embrace
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Tako smo odlučili da prihvatimo otvoreni --
03:53
an open source model of business --
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open source model poslovanja,
03:55
that anyone, anywhere in the world, could start a local chapter,
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tako da bilo ko, bilo gde u svetu, može da otvori lokalni ogranak,
03:58
and they can get involved in local problems.
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i da se uključi u rešavanje lokalnih problema.
04:00
Because I believe there is no such thing as Utopia.
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Ne verujem da postoji Utopija.
04:03
All problems are local. All solutions are local.
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Svi problemi su lokalni. Sva rešenja su lokalna.
04:05
So, and that means, you know,
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To znači da
04:07
somebody who is based in Mississippi
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neko ko živi u Misisipiju
04:10
knows more about Mississippi than I do. So what happened is,
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zna više o Misisipiju od mene. Ono što se dalje dogodilo
04:14
we used MeetUp and all these other kind of Internet tools,
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jeste da smo koristili MeetUp i razne druge vrste Internet alata,
04:19
and we ended up having 40 chapters starting up,
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i došlo je do toga da je osnovano 40 ogranaka,
04:23
thousands of architects in 104 countries.
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sa hiljadama arhitekata u 104 zemlje.
04:27
So the bullet point -- sorry, I never do a suit,
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Tako da je suština -- izvinite, nikada ne nosim odelo,
04:31
so I knew that I was going to take this off.
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znao sam da ću na kraju morati ovo da skinem.
04:33
OK, because I'm going to do it very quick.
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U redu, brzo ću.
04:35
So in the past seven years -- this isn't just about nonprofit.
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Tako da se u poslednjih sedam godina ovde ne radi samo o neprofitnoj organizaciji.
04:39
What it showed me is that there's a grassroots movement going on
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Shvatio sam da je stvoren građanski pokret
04:42
of socially responsible designers
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društveno odgovornih dizajnera
04:44
who really believe that this world has got a lot smaller,
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koji zaista veruju da je svet postao mnogo manji
04:47
and that we have the opportunity -- not the responsibility,
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i da mi imamo priliku – ne odgovornost,
04:50
but the opportunity -- to really get involved in making change.
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već priliku – da se zaista uključimo u stvaranje promena.
04:55
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
05:05
I'm adding that to my time.
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Ovo dodajem na vreme.
05:09
So what you don't know is,
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Ono što ne znate je da
05:12
we've got these thousands of designers working around the world,
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imamo na hiljade dizajnera koji rade u celom svetu
05:14
connected basically by a website, and we have a staff of three.
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i praktično su povezani kroz vebsajt, a mi imamo samo tri zaposlena.
05:18
By doing something, the fact that nobody told us we couldn't do it,
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Radimo nešto jer nam niko nije rekao da ne možemo to da uradimo --
05:22
we did it. And so there's something to be said about naivete.
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-- pa smo uradili! Tako da ima nešto da se kaže i o naivnosti.
05:25
So seven years later, we've developed so that we've got advocacy,
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Sedam godina od tada, razvili smo se i sada se bavimo i zaštitom prava,
05:29
instigation and implementation. We advocate for good design,
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podsticanjem inicijativa i njihovim sprovođenjem. Promovišemo kvalitetno projektovanje,
05:32
not only through student workshops and lectures and public forums,
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ne samo kroz studentske radionice, predavanja i javne forume,
05:36
op-eds; we have a book on humanitarian work;
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članke, imamo i knjigu o humanitarnom radu,
05:39
but also disaster mitigation and dealing with public policy.
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bavimo se i ublažavanjem posledica prirodnih nepogoda kao i javnim politikama.
05:42
We can talk about FEMA, but that's another talk.
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Možemo da razgovaramo i o agenciji FEMA (Američka državna agencija za vanredne situacije), ali to je već druga priča.
05:46
Instigation, developing ideas with communities
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Podsticanje inicijativa, razvoj ideja sa zajednicama
05:49
and NGOs doing open-source design competitions.
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i nevladinim organizacijama, organizovanje open source konkursa.
05:52
Referring, matchmaking with communities
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Upućivanje, povezivanje sa zajednicama
05:55
and then implementing -- actually going out there and doing the work,
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a onda sprovođenje – odlazak na lice mesta i završavanje poslova,
05:58
because when you invent, it's never a reality until it's built.
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jer kada se bavite izumima, oni postaju stvarnost tek kada ih sagradite.
06:04
So it's really important that if we're designing
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Tako da je veoma važno da ako projektujemo
06:07
and trying to create change, we build that change.
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i pokušavamo da napravimo promene, da zaista izgradimo te promene.
06:10
So here's a select number of projects.
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Evo jednog broja naših projekata.
06:13
Kosovo. This is Kosovo in '99. We did an open design competition,
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Kosovo. Ovo je Kosovo 1999. Organizovali smo otvoreni konkurs,
06:19
like I said. It led to a whole variety of ideas,
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kao što sam već rekao. To je dovelo do raznih ideja,
06:23
and this wasn't about emergency shelter, but transitional shelter
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ovde se nije radilo o hitnom privremenom smeštaju, već o prelaznom smeštaju
06:26
that would last five to 10 years,
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koji bi trajao pet do dest godina,
06:28
that would be placed next to the land the resident lived in,
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koji bi bio podignut pored zemlje na kojoj je stanovnik ranije živeo,
06:32
and that they would rebuild their own home.
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i na kojoj bi on ponovo sagradio sopstvenu kuću.
06:35
This wasn't imposing an architecture on a community;
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Ovde nije bilo u pitanju nametanje arhitekture zajednici,
06:37
this was giving them the tools and,
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već obezbeđivanje alata
06:39
and the space to allow them
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i prostora koji bi im dozvolili
06:41
to rebuild and regrow the way they want to.
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da ponovo grade i razviju se na način na koji oni to žele.
06:45
We have from the sublime to the ridiculous, but they worked.
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Rešenja se kreću od uzvišenih do smešnih, ali funkcionišu.
06:48
This is an inflatable hemp house. It was built; it works.
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Ovo je kuća na naduvavanje od konoplje. Napravljena je, funkcioniše.
06:54
This is a shipping container. Built and works.
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A ovo je brodski kontejner. Napravljen je i radi.
06:58
And a whole variety of ideas
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Tu je i čitav niz ideja
07:00
that not only dealt with architectural building,
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koje se nisu bavile samo arhitekturom objekata,
07:03
but also the issues of governance
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već i problemima uprave
07:05
and the idea of creating communities through complex networks.
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kao i ideja stvaranja zajednice kroz složene mreže povezivanja.
07:08
So we've engaged not just designers, but also,
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Nismo uključili samo projektante
07:11
you know, a whole variety of technology-based professionals.
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već i razne druge stručnjake koji se bave tehnologijom.
07:16
Using rubble from destroyed homes to create new homes.
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Korišćenje krša od srušenih kuća za gradnju novih.
07:20
Using straw bale construction, creating heat walls.
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Korišćenje slamnatih bala, zidnog grejanja.
07:26
And then something remarkable happened in '99.
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A onda se 1999. desilo nešto izuzetno vredno pažnje.
07:28
We went to Africa, originally to look at the housing issue.
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Otišli smo u Afriku sa idejom da rešavamo problem stanovanja.
07:32
Within three days, we realized the problem was not housing;
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Za samo tri dana shvatili smo da problem nije u stanovanju,
07:35
it was the growing pandemic of HIV/AIDS.
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nego u rastućoj pandemiji HIVa/AIDSa.
07:38
And it wasn't doctors telling us this;
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Nisu nam to govorili lekari,
07:40
it was actual villagers that we were staying with.
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nego seljani kod kojih smo bili smešteni.
07:43
And so we came up with the bright idea that instead of getting people
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Tako smo došli na sjajnu ideju da umesto da teramo ljude
07:47
to walk 10, 15 kilometers to see doctors, you get the doctors to the people.
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da hodaju po 10, 15 kilometara da bi otišli kod lekara, da umesto toga lekare dovedemo do ljudi.
07:51
And we started engaging the medical community.
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U to smo uključili i zdravstvene radnike.
07:54
And I thought, you know, we thought we were real bright, you know, sparks --
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I mislio sam, znate, mislili smo da smo da smo strašno pametni, da smo genijalci
07:57
we've come up with this great idea, mobile health clinics
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jer smo smislili ovu fantastičnu ideju, mobilne zdravstvene klinike koje bi bile
08:01
widely distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa.
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široko primenjene u celoj podsaharskoj Africi.
08:04
And the community, the medical community there said,
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A tamošnji zdravstveni radnici su nam rekli:
08:06
"We've said this for the last decade. We know this.
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“To pričamo već deset godina. Mi to znamo.
08:10
We just don't know how to show this."
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Samo ne znamo kako to da pokažemo.”
08:12
So in a way, we had taken a pre-existing need and shown solutions.
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Tako smo na neki način uvideli već postojeću potrebu i pokazali rešenje.
08:18
And so again, we had a whole variety of ideas that came in.
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Još jednom, pristiglo je mnoštvo ideja.
08:23
This one I personally love,
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Lično mi se ova strašno sviđa,
08:25
because the idea that architecture is not just about solutions,
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zbog ideje da se arhitektura ne bavi samo rešenjima,
08:28
but about raising awareness.
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već i podizanjem nivoa svesti.
08:30
This is a kenaf clinic. You get seed and you grow it in a plot of land,
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Ovo je klinika od kenafa (vrsta konoplje). Uzmete seme i posejete ga na parčetu zemlje,
08:36
and then once -- and it grows 14 feet in a month.
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a kada naraste – inače, raste oko 4.5 metara mesečno.
08:39
And on the fourth week, the doctors come and they mow out an area,
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Četvrte nedelje doktori dođu i poseku jedan deo,
08:42
put a tensile structure on the top
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stave zateznu konstrukciju na vrh
08:44
and when the doctors have finished treating
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a kada doktori završe sa lečenjem
08:47
and seeing patients and villagers,
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i pregledanjem pacijenata i seljana,
08:51
you cut down the clinic and you eat it. It's an Eat Your Own Clinic.
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možete da posečete kliniku i pojedete je. Po receptu “smaži svoju bolnicu”.
08:54
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
08:55
So it's dealing with the fact that if you have AIDS,
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Tako da se ova ideja bavi i činjenicom da ako imate AIDS,
08:58
you also need to have nutrition rates,
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morate da imate određen kvalitet ishrane,
09:00
and the idea that the idea of nutrition is as important
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i idejom da je ishrana podjednako važna
09:03
as getting anti-retrovirals out there.
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kao i dostupnost anti-viralnih lekova.
09:04
So you know, this is a serious solution.
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Tako da znate da je ovo ozbiljno rešenje.
09:08
This one I love. The idea is it's not just a clinic -- it's a community center.
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I ovu ideju obožavam. Ideja je da ovo nije samo klinika već i društveni centar.
09:11
This looked at setting up trade routes
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Ovde se radi o uspostavljanju trgovinskih kanala
09:14
and economic engines within the community,
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i ekonomskih mehanizama u zajednici,
09:16
so it can be a self-sustaining project.
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tako da ovo može da bude samoodrživ projekat.
09:18
Every one of these projects is sustainable.
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Svi ovi projekti su održivi.
09:21
That's not because I'm a tree-hugging green person.
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Ne zbog toga što sam ja od “zelenih” koji grle drveće.
09:24
It's because when you live on four dollars a day,
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To je zato što ako živite od četiri dolara na dan,
09:27
you're living on survival and you have to be sustainable.
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vi živite na granici opstanka i morate da budete održivi.
09:30
You have to know where your energy is coming from.
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Morate da znate odakle vam stiže energija.
09:32
You have to know where your resource is coming from.
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Morate da znate odakle vam stižu resursi.
09:35
And you have to keep the maintenance down.
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I morate da smanjite troškove održavanja.
09:37
So this is about getting an economic engine,
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Ovde se radi o stvaranju ekonomskog mehanizma.
09:39
and then at night it turns into a movie theater.
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Noću se sve pretvara u bioskop.
09:41
So it's not an AIDS clinic. It's a community center.
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Tako da ovo nije klinika za AIDS. Ovo je društveni centar.
09:47
So you can see ideas. And these ideas developed into prototypes,
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Vidite dakle šta su bile ideje. Iz ovih ideja razvijeni su prototipi,
09:52
and they were eventually built. And currently, as of this year,
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koji su na kraju napravljeni. U ovom trenutku, od ove godine,
09:55
there are clinics rolling out in Nigeria and Kenya.
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klinike se kotrljaju po Nigeriji i Keniji.
10:00
From that we also developed Siyathemba, which was a project --
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Iz ovoga smo razvili i Sijatembu (Siyathemba), projekat za koji --
10:04
the community came to us and said,
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lokalna zajednica nam se obratila rekavši
10:06
the problem is that the girls don't have education.
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da je problem to što devojčice ne idu u školu.
10:09
And we're working in an area
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A sve ovo radimo u oblasti
10:11
where young women between the ages of 16 and 24
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gde je od mladih žena starosti između 16 i 24 godine
10:13
have a 50 percent HIV/AIDS rate.
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njih 50% zaraženo HIVom/AIDSom.
10:16
And that's not because they're promiscuous,
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To se ne dešava zato što su promiskuitetne,
10:19
it's because there's no knowledge.
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već zato što ne postoje znanje i obaveštenost.
10:21
And so we decided to look at the idea of sports and create a youth sports center
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Tako smo odlučili da se pozabavimo idejom sporta i da napravimo sportski centar za mlade
10:25
that doubled as an HIV/AIDS outreach center,
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koji bi u isto vreme bio i savetovalište za HIV/AIDS.
10:28
and the coaches of the girls' team were also trained doctors.
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Treneri sportskih ekipa ovih devojčica takođe su školovani lekari.
10:32
So that there would be a very slow way
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To bi bio veoma postupan način
10:34
of developing kind of confidence in health care.
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razvoja neke vrste poverenja u zdravstveni sistem.
10:39
And we picked nine finalists,
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Izabrali smo devet finalista,
10:42
and then those nine finalists were distributed throughout the entire region,
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tih devet projekata prikazano je u celom regionu,
10:46
and then the community picked their design.
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i na kraju je zajednica odabrala pobedničko rešenje.
10:48
They said, this is our design,
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Rekli su, ovo je naše rešenje,
10:50
because it's not only about engaging a community;
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jer se ne bavi samo angažovanjem zajednice,
10:52
it's about empowering a community
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već i osnaživanjem zajednice
10:54
and about getting them to be a part of the rebuilding process.
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i njenim uključivanjem u proces obnove.
10:59
So the winning design is here, and then of course,
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Ovo je pobednički projekat, i onda, naravno
11:03
we actually go and work with the community and the clients.
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mi stvarno odlazimo i radimo sa lokalnom zajednicom i klijentima.
11:06
So this is the designer. He's out there working
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Ovo je projektant. On je na terenu i radi
11:07
with the first ever women's soccer team in Kwa-Zulu Natal, Siyathemba,
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sa prvim ženskim fudbalskim klubom u Kva-Zulu Natalu, Sijatemba,
11:13
and they can tell it better.
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oni će vam to bolje ispričati.
11:38
Video: Well, my name is Sisi, because I work at the African center.
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Video: “Moje ime je Sisi, ja radim u afričkom centru.
11:41
I'm a consultant and I'm also the national football player
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Ja sam konsultantkinja i članica fudbalske reprezentacije
11:46
for South Africa, Bafana Bafana,
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Južne Afrike, Bafana Bafana,
11:48
and I also play in the Vodacom League for the team called Tembisa,
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a takođe igram i za Vodakom ligu za tim koji se zvao Tembisa
11:55
which has now changed to Siyathemba.
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a sada je promenio ime u Sijatemba.
11:58
This is our home ground.
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Ovo je naš teren.”
12:01
Cameron Sinclair: So I'm going to show that later because I'm running out of time.
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Kameron Sinkler: Ovo ću vam kasnije pokazati jer mi ističe vreme.
12:03
I can see Chris looking at me slyly.
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Vidim da me Kris lukavo gleda.
12:07
This was a connection,
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Ovo je bilo povezivanje,
12:09
just a meeting with somebody who wanted to develop
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samo jedan sastanak sa nekim ko je želeo da razvije
12:11
Africa's first telemedicine center, in Tanzania.
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prvi telemedicinski centar u Africi, u Tanzaniji.
12:15
And we met, literally, a couple of months ago. We've already developed a design,
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Sastali smo se bukvalno pre par meseci. Već smo razvili projekat,
12:18
and the team is over there, working in partnership.
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i tamo je tim koji zajednički radi.
12:20
This was a matchmaking thanks to a couple of TEDsters:
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Ovo povezivanje se ostvarilo zahvaljujući nekoliko ljudi sa TEDa:
12:24
[unclear] Cheryl Heller and Andrew Zolli,
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Čeril Heler i Endru Zoli
12:27
who connected me with this amazing African woman.
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koji su me povezali sa ovom neverovatnom ženom iz Afrike.
12:30
And we start construction in June, and it will be opened by TEDGlobal.
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Počeli smo da gradimo u junu, a otvaranje će biti pre početka TEDGlobal konferencije.
12:33
So when you come to TEDGlobal, you can check it out.
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Tako da kada dođete na TEDGlobal možete da vidite kako izgleda.
12:36
But what we're known probably most for is dealing with disasters and development,
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Ali ono po čemu smo verovatno najpoznatiji jeste naše bavljenje prirodnim nepogodama i razvojem,
12:40
and we've been involved in a lot of issues,
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bili smo uključeni u mnoštvo situacija
12:43
such as the tsunami and also things like Hurricane Katrina.
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kao što su cunami ili uragan Katrina.
12:49
This is a 370-dollar shelter that can be easily assembled.
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Ovo je sklonište koje košta 370 dolara i lako se sastavlja.
12:57
This is
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Ovo je projekat koji su osmislili,
12:59
a community-designed community center.
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društveni centar koga su projektovali članovi lokalne zajednice.
13:02
And what that means is we actually live and work with the community,
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To znači da mi stvarno živimo i radimo sa lokalnom zajednicom
13:06
and they're part of the design process.
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i oni predstavljaju deo celog projektnog procesa.
13:10
The kids actually get involved in mapping out
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Deca su zaista uključena u određivanje
13:13
where the community center should be, and then eventually,
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mesta za budući društveni centar, a onda kroz neko vreme
13:17
the community is actually, through skills training,
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zajednica zaista, prošavši obuku za potrebne veštine,
13:19
end up building the building with us.
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na kraju sagradi objekat sa nama.
13:22
Here is another school.
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Evo još jedne škole.
13:24
This is what the U.N. gave these guys for six months -- 12 plastic tarps.
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Ovo su poslali iz UN-a za period od šest meseci – 12 plastičnih pokrivača.
13:29
This was in August. This was the replacement,
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Sve se dešava u avgustu. Ovo je zamena,
13:31
and it's supposed to last for two years.
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koja bi trebalo da traje dve godine.
13:33
When the rain comes down, you can't hear a thing,
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Kada pada kiša ne čuje se apsolutno ništa,
13:35
and in the summer it's about 140 degrees inside.
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a leti je unutra oko 60 stepeni.
13:38
So we said, if the rain's coming down, let's get fresh water.
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Mi smo rekli da ako već pada kiša, hajde da onda prikupimo svežu vodu.
13:42
So every one of our schools have rain water collection systems, very low cost.
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Tako da svaka od naših škola ima sistem za skupljanje kišnice koji je veoma jeftin.
13:46
A class, three classrooms and rainwater collection is 5,000 dollars.
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Učionice -- tri učionice i sistem za kišnicu koštali su pet hiljada dolara.
13:51
This was raised by hot chocolate sales in Atlanta.
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Toliko smo prikupili prodajom tople čokolade u Atlanti.
13:55
It's built by the parents of the kids.
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Sagradili su je roditelji đaka.
13:58
The kids are out there on-site, building the buildings.
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I deca su na gradilištu i ona grade.
14:01
And it opened a couple of weeks ago,
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Škola je otvorena pre nekoliko nedelja
14:03
and there's 600 kids that are now using the schools.
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i sada je pohađa šest stotina dece.
14:05
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
14:12
So, disaster hits home.
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A onda nesreća pogađa kod kuće.
14:15
We see the bad stories on CNN and Fox and all that,
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Svi smo videli užasne priče na CNN-u, Fox-u i tako dalje,
14:20
but we don't see the good stories.
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Ali nismo videli neke dobre priče.
14:22
Here is a community that got together and they said no to waiting.
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Evo zajednice koja se okupila i rekla ne čekanju.
14:26
They formed a partnership, a diverse partnership of players
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Osnovali su partnerstvo, raznovrsno partnerstvo učesnika
14:29
to actually map out East Biloxi,
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da mapiraju Istočni Biloksi (država Misisipi),
14:31
to figure out who is getting involved.
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da bi shvatili ko je sve uključen.
14:33
We've had over 1,500 volunteers rebuilding, rehabbing homes.
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Imali smo 1500 volontera koji su obnavljali i popravljali kuće.
14:38
Figuring out what FEMA regulations are,
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Sami su tumačili FEMA propise,
14:40
not waiting for them to dictate to us how you should rebuild.
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ne čekajući da im oni diktiraju kako treba obnavljati kuće.
14:44
Working with residents, getting them out of their homes,
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Rad sa stanovništvom, izlazak – njihovo izvlačenje iz kuća,
14:47
so they don't get ill. This is what they're cleaning up on their own.
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da se ne bi razboleli. Evo šta su sami čistili.
14:52
Designing housing. This house is going to go in in a couple of weeks.
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Projektovanje kuća. Ova kuća će biti gotova za nekoliko nedelja.
14:55
This is a rehabbed home, done in four days.
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Ovo je popravljena, renovirana kuća, završena za četiri dana.
14:58
This is a utility room for a woman who is on a walker.
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Ovo je pomoćna prostorija za ženu koja koristi pomagalo za hod.
15:03
She's 70 years old. This is what FEMA gave her.
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Ima 70 godina. Evo šta je dobila od FEMA-e.
15:05
600 bucks, happened two days ago.
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600 dolara, završeno pre dva dana.
15:09
We put together very quickly a washroom.
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Vrlo brzo smo sklopili perionicu.
15:12
It's built; it's running and she just started a business today,
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Podignuta je, funkcioniše, a ona je danas započela posao,
15:14
where she's washing other peoples clothes.
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pere odeću za druge.
15:17
This is Shandra and the Calhouns. They're photographers
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Ovo su Čandra i Kalun. Oni su fotografi
15:21
who have documented the Lower Ninth for the last 40 years.
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koji su dokumentovali Donji deveti distrikt (deo Nju Orleansa) poslednjih 40 godina.
15:25
That was their home, and these are the photographs they took.
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Ovo je bio njihov dom, a ovo su fotografije koje su oni slikali.
15:28
And we're helping, working with them to create a new building.
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A mi pomažemo, radimo sa njima na novoj zgradi.
15:31
Projects we've done. Projects we've been a part of, support.
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Projekti koje smo završili. Projekti u kojima smo učestvovali, koje smo podržali.
15:36
Why don't aid agencies do this? This is the U.N. tent.
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Zašto se agencije za pomoć time ne bave? Ovo je UN šator.
15:42
This is the new U.N. tent, just introduced this year.
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Ovo je novi UN šator, koristi se od ove godine.
15:45
Quick to assemble. It's got a flap, that's the invention.
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Brzo se sklapa. Ima pokretno krilo, to je inovacija.
15:50
It took 20 years to design this and get it implemented in the field.
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Trebalo je 20 godina da se to dizajnira i primeni na terenu.
15:55
I was 12 years old. There's a problem here.
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Tada sam imao 12 godina. Tu postoji veliki problem.
16:01
Luckily, we're not alone.
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Srećom, nismo sami.
16:03
There are hundreds and hundreds and hundreds and hundreds
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Ima na stotine i stotine i stotine i stotine
16:06
and hundreds of architects and designers and inventors
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i stotine arhitekata i dizajnera i pronalazača
16:10
around the world that are getting involved in humanitarian work.
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u celom svetu koji se uključuju u humanitarni rad.
16:15
More hemp houses -- it's a theme in Japan apparently.
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Još kuća od konoplje – izgleda da je to trend u Japanu.
16:18
I'm not sure what they're smoking.
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Nisam siguran šta oni puše.
16:24
This is a grip clip designed by somebody who said, all you need is some way
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Ovo je spojnica koju je dizajnirao neko ko je pošao od toga da sve što treba jeste neki način
16:27
to attach membrane structures to physical support beams.
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da se zakači membrana za potporne grede.
16:35
This guy designed for NASA, is now doing housing.
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Taj čovek, koji je dizajnirao za NASA-u – sada se bavi stanovanjem.
16:40
I'm going to whip through this quickly,
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Brzo ću preleteti ovo,
16:42
because I know I've got only a couple of minutes.
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jer znam da imam samo još par minuta vremena.
16:46
So this is all done in the last two years.
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Sve ovo urađeno je u protekle dve godine.
16:48
I showed you something that took 20 years to do.
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Pokazao sam vam nešto za šta je trebalo 20 godina.
16:51
And this is just a selection of things that
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A ovo je samo izbor od svega što je urađeno --
16:54
were built in the last couple of years.
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-- što je sagrađeno u proteklih par godina.
16:56
From Brazil to India,
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Od Brazila do Indije,
16:59
Mexico,
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Meksika,
17:01
Alabama,
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Alabame,
17:03
China,
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Kine,
17:06
Israel,
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Izraela,
17:08
Palestine,
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Palestine,
17:11
Vietnam.
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Vijetnama.
17:12
The average age of a designer
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Prosečna starost projektanta
17:14
who gets involved in this project is 32 -- that's how old I am. So it's a young --
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koji se uključi u ovakav projekat je 32 godine – toliko godina imam i ja. Tako da su to mladi --
17:21
I just have to stop here, because Arup is in the room
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ovde samo moram da se zaustavim, jer je Arup u prostoriji
17:23
and this is the best-designed toilet in the world.
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a ovo je najbolje dizajnirani toalet na svetu.
17:25
If you're ever, ever in India, go use this toilet.
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Ako ikada, ikada odete u Indiju, idite da probate ovaj toalet.
17:29
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
17:30
Chris Luebkeman will tell you why.
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Kris Lubkeman će vam objasniti zašto.
17:33
I'm sure that's how he wanted to spend the party.
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Siguran sam da je on tako želeo da provede žurku, ali --
17:40
But the future is not going to be the sky-scraping cities of New York,
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ali budućnost neće biti soliterski gradovi kao Njujork,
17:44
but this. And when you look at this, you see crisis.
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nego ovo. Kada pogledate ovo, vi vidite krizu.
17:47
What I see is many, many inventors.
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Ono što ja vidim jeste mnogo, mnogo pronalazača.
17:50
One billion people live in abject poverty.
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Jedna milijarda ljudi živi u užasnom siromaštvu.
17:52
We hear about them all the time.
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O njima stalno slušamo.
17:54
Four billion live in growing but fragile economies.
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Četiri milijarde živi u rastućim ali krhkim ekonomijama.
17:59
One in seven live in unplanned settlements.
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Jedan od sedam ljudi na svetu živi u divljim naseljima.
18:01
If we do nothing about the housing crisis that's about to happen,
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Ako ništa ne uradimo da rešimo krizu stanovanja koja će se uskoro desiti,
18:04
in 20 years, one in three people will live in an unplanned settlement
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za 20 godina, jedan od troje ljudi živeće u divljem naselju
18:08
or a refugee camp. Look left, look right: one of you will be there.
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ili izbegličkom kampu. Pogledajte levo, pogledajte desno: jedno od vas troje biće tamo.
18:13
How do we improve the living standards of five billion people?
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Kako da poboljšamo uslove života za pet milijardi ljudi?
18:17
With 10 million solutions.
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Sa deset miliona rešenja.
18:19
So I wish to develop a community that actively embraces
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Ja želim da razvijem zajednicu koja aktivno prihvata
18:22
innovative and sustainable design
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inovativni i održivi dizajn
18:24
to improve the living conditions for everyone.
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i time poboljšava životne uslove za sve ljude.
18:28
Chris Anderson: Wait a second. Wait a second. That's your wish?
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Kris Anderson: Čekaj malo, čekaj malo. To je tvoja želja?
18:29
CS: That's my wish.
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KS: To je moja želja.
18:30
CA: That's his wish!
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KA: To je njegova želja!
18:31
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
18:45
CS: We started Architecture for Humanity with 700 dollars and a website.
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Započeli smo Arhitekturu za čovečanstvo (Architecture for Humanity) sa 700 dolara i veb-sajtom.
18:50
So Chris somehow decided to give me 100,000.
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Kris je nekako odlučio da mi da 100,000 dolara.
18:54
So why not this many people?
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Zašto ne toliko ljudi?
18:57
Open-source architecture is the way to go.
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Open source arhitektura je put kojim treba ići.
18:59
You have a diverse community of participants --
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Imate raznovrsnu zajednicu učesnika --
19:02
and we're not just talking about inventors and designers,
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ne pričamo samo o pronalazačima i dizajnerima,
19:05
but we're talking about the funding model.
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pričamo i o modelu finansiranja.
19:07
My role is not as a designer;
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Moja uloga nije da budem projektant
19:09
it's as a conduit between the design world and the humanitarian world.
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već da povežem svet dizajna sa svetom humanitarnog rada.
19:13
And what we need is something that replicates me globally,
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Ono što nam treba je nešto što će me umnožiti na globalnom nivou,
19:18
because I haven't slept in seven years.
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jer nisam spavao već sedam godina.
19:20
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
19:23
Secondly, what will this thing be?
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Drugo, šta će tačno ovo biti?
19:25
Designers want to respond to issues of humanitarian crisis,
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Dizajneri žele da se odazovu na izazove humanitarnih kriza,
19:29
but they don't want some company in the West
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ali ne žele da neka kompanija sa Zapada
19:32
taking their idea and basically profiting from it.
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uzme njihovu ideju i od nje pravi profit.
19:35
So Creative Commons has developed the developing nations license.
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Tako je Creative Commons razvio dozvolu za zemlje u razvoju.
19:39
And what that means is that a designer can -- the Siyathemba project I showed was the
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To znači da dizajner može – Sijatemba projekat koji sam pokazao bio je
19:44
first ever building to have a Creative Commons license on it.
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prvi objekat sa Creative Commons licencom.
19:47
As soon as that is built, anyone in Africa or any developing nation
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Čim on bude završen, bilo ko u Africi ili nekoj drugoj zemlji u razvoju
19:53
can take the construction documents and replicate it for free.
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može besplatno da preuzme izvođačke crteže i da sagradi isti takav objekat.
19:57
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
20:02
So why not allow designers the opportunity to do this,
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Zašto ne dati projektantima priliku da na taj način rade,
20:05
but still protecting their rights here?
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štiteći u isto vreme njihova prava?
20:07
We want to have a community where you can upload ideas,
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Želimo da postoji zajednica u kojoj možete da objavite svoje ideje,
20:11
and those ideas can be tested in earthquake, in flood,
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i da te ideje budu testirane kada se dogodi zemljotres ili poplava,
20:16
in all sorts of austere environments. The reason that's important is
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i u svim vrstama teških prilika. To je važno zato što
20:19
I don't want to wait for the next Katrina to find out if my house works.
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ja neću da čekam da se dogodi sledeća Katrina da bih otkrio da li mi je kuća dobra ili ne.
20:25
That's too late. We need to do it now.
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To je prekasno. To moramo da uradimo sada.
20:27
So doing that globally.
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I da to radimo na globalnom nivou.
20:29
And I want this whole thing to work multi-lingually.
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I želim da cela stvar radi na više jezika.
20:34
When you look at the face of an architect, most people think a gray-haired white guy.
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Kada zamišljate lice arhitekte, većina ljudi vidi sedokosog belog čoveka.
20:38
I don't see that. I see the face of the world.
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Ja ne vidim to. Ja vidim lice sveta.
20:41
So I want everyone from all over the planet,
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Ja želim da svi, sa cele planete
20:43
to be able to be a part of this design and development.
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budu u mogućnosti da postanu deo ove ideje i njenog razvoja.
20:47
The idea of needs-based competitions -- X-Prize for the other 98 percent,
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Ideja da se prave konkursi zasnovani na potrebama – X-Nagrada za ostalih 98 posto,
20:51
if you want to call it that.
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ako to tako želite da nazovete.
20:54
We also want to look at ways of matchmaking
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Takođe želimo da pronađemo načine da se povezujemo
20:56
and putting funding partners together.
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i da spajamo partnere koji obezbeđuju sredstva.
20:58
And the idea of integrating manufacturers -- fab labs in every country.
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Tu je i ideja da se povezuju proizvođači – fab-lab radionice u svim zemljama.
21:02
When I hear about the $100 laptop
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Slušam o laptop računaru za 100 dolara
21:04
and it's going to educate every child --
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koji će pomoći da se obrazuje svako dete,
21:06
educate every designer in the world. Put one in every favela,
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svi dizajneri na svetu. Stavite jedan takav računar u svaku favelu,
21:10
every slum settlement, because you know what,
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svako kartonsko naselje, jer znate,
21:13
innovation will happen.
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tako će se dogoditi inovacija.
21:15
And I need to know that. It's called the leap-back.
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Meni je potrebno da to znam. To se zove skok unazad.
21:17
We talk about leapfrog technologies. I write with Worldchanging,
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Mi razgovaramo o tehnologijama koje će nam omogućiti skokove unapred. Ja pišem za "Worldchanging"
21:21
and the one thing we've been talking about is,
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i jedna stvar o kojoj smo pričali je
21:22
I learn more on the ground than I've ever learned here.
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da se na terenu nauči mnogo više nego što bi se ikada moglo naučiti ovde.
21:25
So let's take those ideas, adapt them and we can use them.
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Hajde onda da preuzmemo te ideje, da ih prilagodimo i da ih koristimo.
21:31
These ideas are supposed to have adaptable;
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Ideje bi trebalo da mogu da se prilagode,
21:35
they should have the potential for evolution;
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to je dozvoljeno – trebalo bi da imaju potencijal da evoluiraju,
21:38
they should be developed by every nation on the world
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trebalo bi da ih razvija svaka nacija na svetu
21:41
and useful for every nation on the world. What will it take?
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i da budu korisne za svaku naciju na svetu. Šta će za to biti potrebno?
21:45
There should be a sheet. I don't have time to read this,
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Trebalo bi možda da imate ovo na listu papira. Nemam vremena da sve čitam,
21:48
because I'm going to be yanked off.
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jer ću biti odvučen odavde.
21:50
CA: Just leave it up there for a sec.
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KA: Samo ostavi da se vidi par sekundi.
21:53
CS: Well, what will it take? You guys are smart.
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KS: Šta će za to biti potrebno? Vi ste pametni ljudi.
21:56
So it's going to take a lot of computing power, because I want
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Biće potrebno mnogo jakih računara, jer želim da ovo --
22:00
the idea that any laptop anywhere in the world can plug into the system
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želim da bilo koji laptop bilo gde na svetu može da se uključi u sistem
22:03
and be able to not only participate in developing these designs,
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i da učestvuje ne samo u razvoju ovih projekata,
22:07
but utilize the designs. Also, a process of reviewing the designs.
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već i da ih koristi. Takođe, tu je proces revizije projekata.
22:12
I want every Arup engineer in the world to check
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Želim da svaki inženjer iz Arupa na svetu proverava
22:15
and make sure that we're doing stuff that's standing,
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i kontroliše da predlažemo stvari koje mogu da stoje,
22:18
because those guys are the best in the world. Plug.
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jer ti ljudi su najbolji na svetu. I tačka.
22:21
And so you know, I want these -- and I just should note,
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I tako, znate, želim da ovo – a trebalo bi da napomenem,
22:26
I have two laptops and one of them there, is there
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da imam dva laptopa i jedan od njih je tamo
22:29
and that has 3000 designs on it. If I drop that laptop, what happens?
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a na njemu je 3000 projekata. Šta će se desiti ako mi ispadne?
22:36
So it's important to have these proven ideas put up there,
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Važno je da tu postavimo sve te proverene ideje,
22:39
easy to use, easy to get a hold of.
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da ih je lako naći i koristiti.
22:41
My mom once said, there's nothing worse than being all mouth and no trousers.
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Moja mama je jednom rekla da nema ništa gore od nekog ko mnogo priča a slabo radi.
22:49
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
22:50
I'm fed up of talking about making change.
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Dosta mi je priče o promenama.
22:53
You only make it by doing it.
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Promene se dešavaju samo ako ih sami napravite.
22:56
We've changed FEMA guidelines. We've changed public policy.
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Promenili smo FEMA preporuke. Promenili smo javne politike.
22:59
We've changed international response -- based on building things.
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Promenili smo odgovor međunarodne zajednice – na osnovu onoga što smo sagradili.
23:04
So for me, it's important that we create a real conduit
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Za mene je važno da stvaramo stvarni put za sprovođenje inovacija,
23:07
for innovation, and that it's free innovation.
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i da inovacije budu besplatne.
23:10
Think of free culture -- this is free innovation.
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Pomislite na besplatnu kulturu – to je besplatna inovacija.
23:15
Somebody said this a couple of years back.
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Neko je ovo rekao pre par godina.
23:19
I will give points for those who know it.
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Daću poene onima koji znaju ko je to bio.
23:21
I think the man was maybe 25 years too early, so let's do it.
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Mislim da je poranio nekih 25 godina i zato na posao.
23:28
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
23:31
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Cameron Sinclair - Co-founder, Architecture for Humanity2006 TED Prize winner Cameron Sinclair is co-founder of Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that seeks architecture solutions to global crises -- and acts as a conduit between the design community and the world's humanitarian needs.
Why you should listen
After training as an architect, Cameron Sinclair (then age 24) joined Kate Stohr to found Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that helps architects apply their skills to humanitarian efforts. Starting with just $700 and a simple web site in 1999, AFH has grown into an international hub for humanitarian design, offering innovative solutions to housing problems in all corners of the globe.
Whether rebuilding earthquake-ravaged Bam in Iran, designing a soccer field doubling as an HIV/AIDS clinic in Africa, housing refugees on the Afghan border, or helping Katrina victims rebuild, Architecture for Humanity works by Sinclair's mantra: "Design like you give a damn." (Sinclair and Stohr cowrote a book by the same name, released in 2006.)
A regular contributor to the sustainability blog Worldchanging.com, Sinclair is now working on the Open Architecture Network, born from the wish he made when he accepted the 2006 TED Prize: to build a global, open-source network where architects, governments and NGOs can share and implement design plans to house the world.
Cameron Sinclair | Speaker | TED.com