TED2010
Kevin Bales: How to combat modern slavery
Kevin Bejls (Kevin Bales): Kako se boriti protiv modernog ropstva
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U ovom potresnom, ali pragmatičnom govoru, Kevin Bejls objašnjava posao modernog ropstva, multimilijardersku ekonomiju koja je temelj nekim od najgorih industrija u svetu. Prikazuje statistiku i deli lične priče iz svog istraživanja sa terena - i navodi cenu oslobađanja svakog roba na planeti u ovom trenutku.
Kevin Bales - Anti-slavery activist
Kevin Bales is the co-founder of Free the Slaves, whose mission is to end all forms of human slavery within the next 25 years. He's the author of "Ending Slavery: How We Free Today's Slaves." Full bio
Kevin Bales is the co-founder of Free the Slaves, whose mission is to end all forms of human slavery within the next 25 years. He's the author of "Ending Slavery: How We Free Today's Slaves." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
You know for me, the interest in contemporary forms of slavery
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Znate, zainteresovao sam se za moderne oblike ropstva
00:20
started with a leaflet that I picked up in London.
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kada sam video jedan letak u Londonu.
00:22
It was the early '90s,
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To je bilo ranih devedesetih,
00:24
and I was at a public event.
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bio sam na nekom javnom događaju.
00:26
I saw this leaflet and it said,
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Video sam taj letak na kom je pisalo
00:29
"There are millions of slaves in the world today."
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"U svetu danas postoje milioni robova".
00:32
And I thought, "No way, no way."
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Ja sam pomislio "Nema šanse, nemoguće".
00:36
And I'm going to admit to hubris.
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Priznajem svoju oholost.
00:39
Because I also, I'm going to admit to you,
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Jer i ja sam, priznaću vam,
00:41
I also thought, "How can I be like
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i ja sam mislio, kako mogu da budem
00:43
a hot-shot young full professor
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super, mladi redovni profesor
00:45
who teaches human rights and not know this?
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koji predaje o ljudskim pravima, a da ne znam ovo,
00:48
So it can't be true."
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dakle to ne može biti istina.
00:50
Well, if you teach, if you worship
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Ali, ako predajete, ako se divite
00:52
in the temple of learning,
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u hramu učenja,
00:54
do not mock the gods,
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ne ismevajte bogove.
00:56
because they will take you,
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Jer će vas oni obuzeti,
00:58
fill you with curiosity and desire,
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napuniti znatiželjom i željom
01:01
and drive you. Drive you with a passion
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i podsticati vas, podsticati sa strašću
01:04
to change things.
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da promenite stvari.
01:07
I went out and did a lit review,
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Izašao sam i uradio malu analizu.
01:09
3,000 articles on the key word "slavery."
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3000 članaka sa ključnom reči "ropstvo".
01:12
Two turned out to be about contemporary -- only two.
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Dva su bila o savremenom ropstvu - samo dva.
01:15
All the rest were historical.
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Svi ostali bili su istorijski.
01:17
They were press pieces and they were full of outrage,
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To su bili delovi iz štampe i bili su sramotni.
01:20
they were full of speculation, they were anecdotal --
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Puni nagađanja. Bili su anegdotski.
01:23
no solid information.
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Nijedna čvrsta informacija.
01:25
So, I began to do a research project of my own.
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Tako sam počeo svoje istraživanje.
01:28
I went to five countries around the world.
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Obišao sam pet zemalja u svetu.
01:30
I looked at slaves. I met slaveholders,
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Video sam robove. Upoznao sam robovlasnike.
01:33
and I looked very deeply
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I duboko sam pogledao
01:35
into slave-based businesses
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poslove koji za osnovu imaju ropstvo.
01:38
because this is an economic crime.
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Jer ovo je ekonomski zločin.
01:40
People do not enslave people to be mean to them.
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Ljudi ne porobljavaju ljude da bi bili zli prema njima.
01:44
They do it to make a profit.
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Rade to zbog zarade.
01:46
And I've got to tell you, what I found out in the world
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I moram vam reći da ono što sam video, u svetu,
01:48
in four different continents,
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na četiri različita kontinenta,
01:51
was depressingly familiar.
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bilo je depresivno poznato.
01:53
Like this:
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Kao ovo.
01:56
Agricultural workers in Africa,
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Poljoprivredni radnici u Africi,
01:58
whipped and beaten,
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bičevani i prebijani,
02:00
showing us how they were beaten in the fields
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pokazuju nam kako su ih tukli u poljima
02:03
before they escaped from slavery
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pre nego što su pobegli od ropstva
02:05
and met up with our film crew.
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i našli se sa našom filmskom ekipom.
02:07
It was mind-blowing.
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Bilo je to potpuno neverovatno.
02:10
And I want to be very clear.
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Želim da budem veoma jasan.
02:14
I'm talking about real slavery.
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Govorim o pravom ropstvu.
02:16
This is not about lousy marriages,
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Ovde se ne radi o lošim brakovima.
02:18
this is not about jobs that suck.
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Ne radi se o poslovima koji su bez veze.
02:20
This is about people who can not walk away,
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Radi se o ljudima koji ne mogu da odu,
02:23
people who are forced to work without pay,
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ljudima koji su primorani da rade bez nadoknade,
02:25
people who are operating 24/7
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ljudima koji rade 24h 7 dana
02:28
under a threat of violence
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pod pretnjom nasiljem,
02:30
and have no pay.
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i nemaju platu.
02:33
It's real slavery in exactly the same way
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To je pravo ropstvo na potpuno isti način
02:35
that slavery would be recognized
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kako bi se definisalo
02:37
throughout all of human history.
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kroz čitavu ljudsku istoriju.
02:40
Now, where is it?
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E sad, gde je ono?
02:42
Well, this map in the sort of redder, yellower colors
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Pa, na ovoj mapi crvenkaste i žućkaste boje
02:45
are the places with the highest densities of slavery.
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predstavljaju mesta sa najvećom gustinom rosptva.
02:48
But in fact that kind of bluey color
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Ali zapravo, ovom plavičastom bojom
02:50
are the countries where we can't find any cases of slavery.
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obeležene su zemlje u kojima uopšte nema slučajeva ropstva.
02:53
And you might notice that it's only Iceland and Greenland
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Možete primetiti da su jedino Island i Grenland
02:56
where we can't find any cases of enslavement
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mesta gde ne nalazimo nijedan slučaj ropstva
02:58
around the world.
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na svetu.
03:00
We're also particularly interested
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Takođe smo veoma zainteresovani
03:02
and looking very carefully
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i pažljivo pratimo
03:04
at places where
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mesta gde se
03:08
slaves are being used to perpetrate
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robovi koriste kako bi pričinjavali
03:10
extreme environmental destruction.
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ekstremnu destrukciju na okolinu.
03:14
Around the world, slaves are used to destroy the environment,
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Širom sveta robovi se koriste da uništavaju okolinu,
03:17
cutting down trees in the Amazon; destroying
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seku šume u Amazonu, uništavaju
03:19
forest areas in West Africa;
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šumske predele u Zapadnoj Africi,
03:21
mining and spreading mercury around
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da miniraju i prosipaju živu
03:24
in places like Ghana and the Congo;
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u mestima kao što su Gana i Kongo,
03:26
destroying the coastal ecosystems in South Asia.
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da uništavaju obalske ekosisteme u Južnoj Aziji.
03:30
It's a pretty harrowing linkage
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Veza između
03:33
between what's happening to our environment
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onoga što se dešava našoj okolini
03:35
and what's happening to our human rights.
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i našim ljudskim pravima je veoma uznemirujuća.
03:37
Now, how on Earth did we get to a situation like this,
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Kako smo, zaboga, dospeli u ovakvu situaciju
03:40
where we have 27 million people
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gde imamo 27 miliona ljudi
03:43
in slavery in the year 2010?
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koji su robovi, u 2010. godini?
03:45
That's double the number that came out of Africa
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To je duplo više ljudi nego što ih je došlo iz Afrike
03:48
in the entire transatlantic slave trade.
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u toku cele transatlantske trgovine robljem.
03:51
Well, it builds up with these factors.
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Pa, temelji se na ovim faktorima.
03:53
They are not causal, they are actually supporting factors.
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Oni nisu uzročni, oni su podržavajući faktori.
03:56
One we all know about, the population explosion:
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Prvi svi znamo: eksplozija populacije,
03:59
the world goes from two billion people to almost
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svet je dospeo od dve milijarde na skoro
04:01
seven billion people in the last 50 years.
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sedam milijardi ljudi u poslednjih 50 godina.
04:04
Being numerous does not make you a slave.
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Biti u velikom broju ne čini vas robom.
04:06
Add in the increased vulnerability of very large numbers of people
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Dodajte tome povećanu osetljivost veoma velikog broja ljudi
04:11
in the developing world,
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u zemljama u razvoju,
04:13
caused by civil wars, ethnic conflicts,
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uzrokovanu građanskim ratovima, etničkim sukobima,
04:16
kleptocratic governments, disease ... you name it, you know it.
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kleptokratskim vladama, bolestima, čime god, znate sve.
04:19
We understand how that works. In some countries
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Razumemo kako to funkcioniše. U nekim zemljama
04:21
all of those things happen at once,
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se sve ove stvari dešavaju odjednom,
04:23
like Sierra Leone a few years ago,
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kao u Sijera Leoneu pre nekoliko godina.
04:25
and push enormous parts ... about a billion people in the world, in fact,
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I ogroman broj, oko milijardu ljudi u svetu,
04:29
as we know, live on the edge,
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koliko mi znamo, žive na ivici,
04:31
live in situations where
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žive u situacijama gde
04:33
they don't have any opportunity and are usually even destitute.
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nemaju nikakvu priliku i obično su siromašni.
04:38
But that doesn't make you a slave either.
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Ali ni to vas ne čini robom.
04:41
What it takes to turn a person who is destitute and vulnerable
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Ono što omogućava da se jedna siromašna i osetljiva osoba
04:44
into a slave, is the absence of the rule of law.
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pretvori u roba, jeste nedostatak zakona.
04:48
If the rule of law is sound, it protects
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Ako je zakon jak, on štiti
04:50
the poor and it protects the vulnerable.
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siromašne i štiti osetljive.
04:52
But if corruption creeps in
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Ali ako se korupcija uvuče,
04:54
and people don't have the opportunity
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a ljudi nemaju priliku
04:56
to have that protection of the rule of law,
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da imaju tu zaštitu zakona,
04:58
then if you can use violence,
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onda ako možete koristiti nasilje
05:00
if you can use violence with impunity,
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i to ga koristiti nekažnjeno,
05:02
you can reach out and harvest the vulnerable
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možete prikupiti veliki broj ranjivih ljudi
05:05
into slavery.
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u ropstvo.
05:07
Well, that is precisely what has happened around the world.
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Pa upravo to se dešava širom sveta.
05:11
Though, for a lot of people,
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Mada, za mnoge ljude,
05:15
the people who step
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način na koji postaju robovi,
05:17
into slavery today
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ljudima koji danas postaju robovi
05:20
don't usually get kidnapped or knocked over the head.
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ne dešava se da ih kidnapuju ili udare po glavi.
05:24
They come into slavery because
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Postaju robovi jer
05:26
someone has asked them this question.
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im je neko postavio ovo pitanje.
05:28
All around the world I've been told an almost identical story.
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Svuda u svetu su mi ispričali skoro identičnu priču.
05:31
People say, "I was home,
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Ljudi kažu, "Bio sam kod kuće,
05:33
someone came into our village,
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neko je došao u naše selo,
05:35
they stood up in the back of a truck, they said, 'I've got jobs,
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stao u prikolici kamioneta i rekao 'Nudim posao,
05:37
who needs a job?'"
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kome je potreban posao?'"
05:39
And they did exactly what
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I oni su učinili isto ono
05:41
you or I would do in the same situation.
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što bismo vi i ja učinili u istoj situaciji.
05:44
They said, "That guy looked sketchy. I was suspicious,
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Rekli su, "Taj tip je izgledao sumnjivo. Bio sam sumnjičav.
05:48
but my children were hungry.
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Ali moja deca su bila gladna.
05:51
We needed medicine.
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Bili su nam potrebni lekovi.
05:53
I knew I had to do anything I could
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Znao sam da moram da uradim šta god mogu
05:55
to earn some money to support the people I care about."
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da zaradim nešto novca da izdržavam ljude do kojih mi je stalo."
05:59
They climb into the back of the truck. They go off with the person who recruits them.
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Uđu u prikolicu. Odu sa osobom koja ih je pozvala.
06:02
Ten miles, 100 miles, 1,000 miles later,
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15km, 150km, 1500km kasnije
06:06
they find themselves in dirty, dangerous, demeaning work.
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nađu se u prljavim, opasnim, ponižavajućim poslovima.
06:10
They take it for a little while,
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Podnose to neko vreme,
06:12
but when they try to leave, bang!, the hammer comes down,
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ali kada pokušaju da odu, bum, čekić udara
06:15
and they discover they're enslaved.
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i otkrivaju da su zarobljeni.
06:18
Now, that kind of slavery
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Sad, ta vrsta ropstva
06:21
is, again, pretty much what slavery has been all through human history.
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je, opet kažem, ono što je ropstvo i bilo kroz ljudsku istoriju.
06:25
But there is one thing that is particularly remarkable
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Ali postoji jedna stvar koja je prilično značajna
06:29
and novel about slavery today,
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i nova u vezi sa današnjim ropstvom,
06:31
and that is a complete collapse
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a to je potpuni pad
06:35
in the price of human beings --
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cene ljudskih bića.
06:38
expensive in the past, dirt cheap now.
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Skupi u prošlosti, odvratno jevtini danas,
06:41
Even the business programs have started
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čak su i poslovni programi
06:43
picking up on this.
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počeli ovo da prate.
06:45
I just want to share a little clip for you.
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Želim da vam pustim jedan video klip.
06:47
Daphne: OK. Llively discussion guaranteed here, as always,
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Video: Žena: Ok, živa diskusija je zagarantovana ovde, kao i uvek,
06:49
as we get macro and talk commodities.
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dok pričamo o robi.
06:52
Continuing here in the studio with our guest Michael O'Donohue,
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Nastavljamo u studiju, naš gost je Majkl O'Donohju,
06:55
head of commodities at Four Continents Capital Management.
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šef za proizvode u Four Continents Capital Management.
06:57
And we're also joined by Brent Lawson
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Pridružio nam se i Brent Loson
07:00
from Lawson Frisk Securities.
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iz Loson Frisk Securities.
07:02
Brent Lawson: Happy to be here.
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Brent Loson: Drago mi je što sam ovde.
07:04
D: Good to have you with us, Brent.
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Žena: I nama je drago što ste s nama, Brent.
07:06
Now, gentlemen ... Brent, where is your money going this year?
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Sad, gospodo, Brent, gde vaš novac ide ove godine?
07:10
BL: Well Daphne, we've been going short on gas and oil recently
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BL: Pa, Dafni, u poslednje vreme nam ponestaje nafte i gasa
07:13
and casting our net just a little bit wider.
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i mrežu bacamo malo dalje.
07:15
We really like the human being story a lot.
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Veoma nam se dopada priča o ljudskim bićima.
07:18
If you look at a long-term chart,
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Ako pogledate dugotrajne podatke,
07:21
prices are at historical lows and yet global demand
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cene su najniže u istoriji a globalna potražnja
07:23
for forced labor is still real strong.
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za prisilnom radnom snagom je i dalje velika.
07:26
So, that's a scenario that we think we should be capitalizing on.
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Dakle, to je priča u koju mislimo da ulažemo.
07:30
D: Michael, what's your take on the people story? Are you interested?
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D: Majkl, kakvo je vaše stanovište na ovu temu? Da li ste zainteresovani?
07:33
Michael O'Donoghue: Oh definitely. Non-voluntary labor's greatest advantage
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Majkl O'Donohju: O, definitivno. Najveća prednost nedobrovoljnog rada
07:36
as an asset is the endless supply.
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kao imovine jesu neograničene zalihe.
07:38
We're not about to run out of people. No other commodity has that.
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Neće nam ponestati ljudi. Nijedna duga roba nije takva.
07:41
BL: Daphne, if I may draw your attention to one thing.
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BL: Dafni, ako mogu da vam skrenem pažnju na nešto,
07:43
That is that private equity has been sniffing around,
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a to je da je i privatni kapital zainteresovan.
07:46
and that tells me that this market is about to explode.
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A to mi govori da će ovo tržište da doživi eksploziju.
07:49
Africans and Indians, as usual,
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Afrikanci i Indijci, kao i obično,
07:51
South Americans, and Eastern Europeans in particular
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Južnoamerikanci i Istočnoevropljani posebno,
07:54
are on our buy list.
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nalaze se na našoj listi za kupovinu.
07:56
D: Interesting. Micheal, bottom line, what do you recommend?
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D: Zanimljivo. Majkl, vaša poenta, šta preporučujete?
07:59
MO: We're recommending to our clients
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MO: Našim klijentima preporučujemo
08:01
a buy and hold strategy.
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strategiju kupi i čuvaj.
08:03
There's no need to play the market.
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Nema potrebe da se manipuliše tržištem.
08:05
There's a lot of vulnerable people out there. It's very exciting.
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Mnogo je ranjivih ljudi u svetu. Vrlo je uzbudljivo.
08:08
D: Exciting stuff indeed. Gentlemen, thank you very much.
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D: Uzbudljivo, zaista. Gospodo, mnogo vam hvala.
08:13
Kevin Bales: Okay, you figured it out. That's a spoof.
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Kevin Bejls: Ok, provalili ste. Ovo je lažnjak.
08:15
Though I enjoyed watching
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Mada sam uživao gledajući
08:17
your jaws drop, drop, drop, until you got it.
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kako vam vilice padaju, padaju, padaju, dok niste shvatili.
08:21
MTV Europe worked with us and made that spoof,
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MTV Europe je radio s nama i napravio ovaj skeč.
08:24
and they've been slipping it in between music videos
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I puštaju ga između muzičkih spotova,
08:26
without any introduction, which I think is kind of fun.
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bez ikakvog uvoda, što mislim da je nekako zabavno.
08:29
Here's the reality.
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Ovo je stvarnost.
08:31
The price of human beings across the last 4,000 years
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Cena ljudskog bića u poslednjih 40.000 godina,
08:34
in today's money has averaged about 40,000 dollars.
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u današnjem novcu, bila je u proseku 40.000$.
08:37
Capital purchase items.
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Kapitalne investicije.
08:40
You can see that the lines cross when the population explodes.
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Vidite da se linije ukrštaju kada populacija raste.
08:43
The average price of a human being today,
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Prosečna cena ljudskog bića danas,
08:46
around the world, is about 90 dollars.
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u svetu je oko 90$.
08:48
They are more expensive in places like North America.
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Skuplji su u mestima kao što je Severna Amerika.
08:51
Slaves cost between 3,000 to 8,000 dollars in North America,
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Robovi koštaju između 3.000$ i 8.000$ u Severnoj Americi.
08:55
but I could take you places in India or Nepal
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Ali mogu vas povesti na mesta kao što su Indija ili Nepal,
08:58
where human beings can be acquired for five or 10 dollars.
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gde se ljudska bića mogu nabaviti za 5 ili 10$.
09:01
They key here is that
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Ključ je u tome
09:03
people have ceased to be that capital purchase item
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što ljudi nisu više predmet kapitalne investicije,
09:07
and become like Styrofoam cups.
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postali su kao plastične čaše.
09:09
You buy them cheaply, you use them,
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Jevtino ih kupujete. Koristite ih.
09:12
you crumple them up, and then when you're done
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Zgužvate ih. I kada završite
09:14
with them you just throw them away.
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s njima, jednostavno ih odbacite.
09:16
These young boys are in Nepal.
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Ovi mladići su u Nepalu.
09:19
They are basically the transport system
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Oni su ustvari transportni sistem
09:22
on a quarry run by a slaveholder.
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u kamenolomu jednog robovlasnika.
09:24
There are no roads there, so they carry loads of stone
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Ovde nema puteva. Znači, oni nose tovare kamena
09:27
on their backs, often of their own weight,
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često svoje težine, na svojim leđima,
09:30
up and down the Himalaya Mountains.
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gore i dole uz Himalaje.
09:32
One of their mothers said to us,
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Jedna od njihovih majki nam je rekla,
09:34
"You know, we can't survive here,
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"Znate, ovde ne možemo preživeti,
09:36
but we can't even seem to die either."
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ali izgleda da ne možemo ni umreti."
09:39
It's a horrible situation.
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To je užasna situacija.
09:41
And if there is anything that makes me feel very positive about this,
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I ako postoji išta što čini da se osetim dobro u vezi sa ovim,
09:45
it's that there are also --
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to je da postoje,
09:47
in addition to young men like this who are still enslaved --
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pored mladića kao što su ovi koji su još uvek u ropstvu,
09:49
there are ex-slaves who are now working to free others.
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i bivši robovi koji sada rade na oslobađanju drugih.
09:53
Or, we say, Frederick Douglass is in the house.
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Ili, kažemo Frederik Daglas je stigao.
09:56
I don't know if you've ever had a daydream
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Ne znam da li ste ikada maštali
09:59
about, "Wow. What would it be like to meet Harriet Tubman?
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o tome kako bi bilo upoznati Harijet Tubman?
10:01
What would it be like to meet Frederick Douglass?"
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Kako bi bilo upoznati Frederika Daglasa?
10:03
I've got to say, one of the most exciting parts about my job
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Moram reći, jedan od najuzbudljivijih delova mog posla
10:06
is that I get to,
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je taj što ih ja upoznajem.
10:08
and I want to introduce you to one of those.
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Želim da vam predstavim nekoga.
10:10
His name is James Kofi Annan. He was a slave child in Ghana
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Zove se Džejms Kofi Anan. Kao dete bio je rob u Gani,
10:13
enslaved in the fishing industry,
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zarobila ga je ribolovačka industrija.
10:15
and he now, after escape and building a new life,
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A on je sada, pošto je pobegao i izgradio novi život,
10:19
has formed an organization that we work closely with
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osnovao organizaciju sa kojom sarađujemo,
10:22
to go back and get people out of slavery.
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za oslobađanje ljudi od ropstva.
10:24
This is not James, this is one of the kids that he works with.
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Ovo nije Džejms. Ovo je jedno od dece sa kojima radi.
10:27
James Kofi Annan (Video): He was hit with a paddle
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Video: Džejms Kofi Anan: Udarili su ga batinom,
10:29
in the head. And this reminds me
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znate, po glavi. A to me podseća
10:31
of my childhood when I used to work here.
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na moje detinjstvo, kada sam radio ovde.
10:35
KB: James and our country director in Ghana,
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KB: Džejms i naš režiser iz Gane
10:39
Emmanuel Otoo are now receiving regular death threats
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Emanuel Oto redovno dobijaju pretnje smrću
10:42
because the two of them managed to get
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jer su njih dvojica pomogli u tome da se
10:44
convictions and imprisonment for three human traffickers
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tri trgovca ljudima osude i zatvore
10:47
for the very first time in Ghana
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po prvi put u Gani,
10:49
for enslaving people, from the fishing industry,
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jer su porobljavali ljude za ribarsku industriju,
10:51
for enslaving children.
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i zbog porobljavanja dece.
10:53
Now, everything I've been telling you,
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Priznajem da je sve što vam govorim
10:55
I admit, is pretty disheartening.
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prilično obeshrabrujuće.
10:58
But there is actually a very positive side to this,
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Ali zapravo postoji i pozitivna strana ovoga.
11:02
and that is this: The 27 million people
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A to je da je 27 miliona ljudi
11:04
who are in slavery today,
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koji su robovi danas,
11:06
that's a lot of people, but it's also
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to je dosta ljudi, ali je takođe
11:08
the smallest fraction
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najmanji deo
11:10
of the global population to ever be in slavery.
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globalne populacije u ropstvu do sada.
11:13
And likewise, the 40 billion dollars that they generate
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I slično tome, 40 milijardi dolara kojim doprinose
11:16
into the global economy each year
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globalnoj ekonomiji svake godine
11:18
is the tiniest proportion of the global economy
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je namanji deo globalne zarade
11:21
to ever be represented by slave labor.
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koji su robovi do sada zaradili.
11:25
Slavery, illegal in every country
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Ropstvo, koje je ilegalno u svakoj zemlji,
11:27
has been pushed to the edges of our global society.
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gurnuto je na margine našeg globalnog društva.
11:32
And in a way, without us even noticing,
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I na neki način, niko nije primetio,
11:35
has ended up standing on the precipice
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ali ono stoji na ivici
11:37
of its own extinction,
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sopstvene propasti,
11:39
waiting for us to give it a big boot
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čeka da ga gurnemo
11:42
and knock it over. And get rid of it.
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i prevrnemo i da ga se otarasimo.
11:44
And it can be done.
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To se može učiniti.
11:46
Now, if we do that, if we put the resources
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Sad, kad bismo to uradili, kad bismo uložili resurse
11:48
and the focus to it,
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i usmerili pažnju na to,
11:50
what does it actually cost to get people out of slavery?
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koliko zapravo košta da se ljudi oslobode ropstva?
11:53
Well, first, before I even tell you the cost
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Prvo, pre nego što vam kažem tu cenu
11:56
I've got to be absolutely clear.
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želim da razjasnim nešto.
11:58
We do not buy people out of slavery.
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Mi ne otkupljujemo ljude od robovlasnika.
12:02
Buying people out of slavery is like
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To bi bilo kao da
12:04
paying a burglar to get your television back;
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platite lopovu da vam vrati vaš televizor.
12:06
it's abetting a crime.
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To je pomaganje zločinu.
12:09
Liberation, however, costs some money.
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Međutim, oslobađanje košta.
12:11
Liberation, and more importantly
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Oslobađanje i što je važnije,
12:13
all the work that comes after liberation.
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sav posao koji sledi posle oslobađanja.
12:16
It's not an event, it's a process.
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To nije događaj, to je proces.
12:18
It's about helping people to build lives of dignity,
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Pomaganje ljudima da izgrade dostojanstvene živote,
12:21
stability, economic autonomy,
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stabilne, ekonomski nezavisne,
12:23
citizenship.
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građanske.
12:25
Well, amazingly,
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Začudo,
12:27
in places like India where costs are very low,
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u mestima kao što je Indija gde su cene veoma niske,
12:30
that family, that three-generation family that you see there
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ta porodica, trogeneracijska porodica koju vidite,
12:34
who were in hereditary slavery --
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je u naslednom ropstvu.
12:36
so, that granddad there, was born a baby into slavery --
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Znači taj deda, on se rodio kao rob.
12:41
but the total cost, amortized
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Ali ukupni trošak, amortizovan
12:43
across the rest of the work,
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preko ostatka posla,
12:45
was about 150 dollars to bring that family
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bio je oko 150$ za oslobađanje te porodice
12:47
out of slavery and then take them through a two year process
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od ropstva i provođenje kroz dvogodišnji proces
12:50
to build a stable life of citizenship and education.
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izgradnje stabilnog građanskog života i obrazovanja.
12:55
A boy in Ghana rescued from fishing slavery, about 400 dollars.
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Spasavanje dečaka u Gani iz ropstva u ribolovu, oko 400$.
12:58
In the United States, North America,
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U Sjedinjenim Državama, u Severnoj Americi,
13:00
much more expensive. Legal costs, medical costs ...
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mnogo je skuplje, pravni troškovi, medicinski troškovi,
13:02
we understand that it's expensive here:
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shvatamo da je ovde to skupo,
13:04
about 30,000 dollars.
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oko 30.000$.
13:06
But most of the people in the world in slavery
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Ali najviše ljudi u svetu ropstva
13:09
live in those places where
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živi u tim mestima gde
13:11
the costs are lowest.
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su troškovi najniži.
13:13
And in fact, the global average is about what it is
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Ustvari, prosek na globalnom nivou je
13:16
for Ghana.
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kao taj u Gani.
13:19
And that means, when you multiply it up,
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A to znači da, ako pomnožite to
13:22
the estimated cost of
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procenjeni trošak
13:24
not just freedom but sustainable freedom
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ne samo slobode, nego održive slobode,
13:27
for the entire 27 million people on the planet in slavery
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za svih 27 miliona ljudi na planeti koji su robovi,
13:31
is something like 10.8 billion dollars --
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je oko 10.8 milijardi dolara,
13:34
what Americans spend on potato chips and pretzels,
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koliko Amerikanci potroše na čips i perece,
13:37
what Seattle is going to spend on its light rail system:
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koliko će Sijetl da potroši na svoj sistem lake železnice,
13:40
usually the annual expenditure in this country on blue jeans,
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uglavnom godišnja potrošnja ove zemlje na džins,
13:44
or in the last holiday period
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ili u poslednjoj sezoni odmora,
13:46
when we bought GameBoys and iPods and other tech gifts for people,
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kada smo kupovali GameBoy ili iPod ili druge tehničke poklone,
13:50
we spent 10.8 billion dollars.
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potrošili smo 10.8 milijardi dolara.
13:53
Intel's fourth quarter earnings: 10.8 billion.
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Intelova zarada u poslednjem kvartalu je 10.8 milijardi.
13:57
It's not a lot of money at the global level.
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To na globalnom nivou nije mnogo novca,
13:59
In fact, it's peanuts.
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ustvari veoma je malo.
14:01
And the great thing about it is that
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A najboja stvar u vezi s time je
14:03
it's not money down a hole,
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što to nije bačen novac,
14:05
there is a freedom dividend. When you let people out of slavery
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to je ulog u slobodu. Kada oslobodite ljude ropstva,
14:08
to work for themselves,
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kada mogu da rade za sebe,
14:10
are they motivated?
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da li su motivisani?
14:12
They take their kids out of the workplace,
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Odvedu svoju decu dalje od radnih mesta,
14:14
they build a school, they say,
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izgrade školu, kažu
14:16
"We're going to have stuff we've never had before like three squares,
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"Imaćemo nešto što pre nismo imali, tri kvadrata,
14:19
medicine when we're sick,
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lek kada smo bolesni,
14:21
clothing when we're cold."
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odeću kad nam je hladno."
14:23
They become consumers and producers
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Postaju konzumenti i proizvođači
14:25
and local economies begin to spiral up very rapidly.
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i lokalna ekonomija vrtoglavo raste.
14:30
That's important, all of that
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To je važno, sve o tome kako
14:32
about how we rebuild sustainable freedom,
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ponovo izgrađujemo održivu slobodu,
14:34
because we'd never want to repeat
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jer ne želimo da ponovimo
14:38
what happened in this country in 1865.
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ono što se desilo u ovoj zemlji 1865.
14:41
Four million people were lifted up out of slavery
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Četiri miliona ljudi je oslobođeno ropstva
14:44
and then dumped.
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i onda ostavljeno,
14:47
Dumped without political participation,
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ostavljeno bez političkog angažovanja,
14:49
decent education,
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pristojnog obrazovanja,
14:51
any kind of real opportunity
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bilo kakve prave prilike
14:53
in terms of economic lives,
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u smislu ekonomskog života,
14:55
and then sentenced to generations of
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i osuđeno na godine
14:58
violence and prejudice and discrimination.
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nasilja i predrasuda i diskriminacije.
15:00
And America is still paying the price
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A America još uvek plaća cenu za
15:02
for the botched emancipation of 1865.
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loše sprovedenu emancipaciju 1865.
15:06
We have made a commitment
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Obavezali smo se da, dok se mi pitamo,
15:08
that we will never let people
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nikada nećemo dopustiti da se ljudi
15:10
come out of slavery on our watch,
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oslobode ropstva
15:12
and end up as second class citizens.
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i završe kao drugorazredni građani.
15:15
It's just not going to happen.
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To se jednostavno neće desiti.
15:17
This is what liberation really looks like.
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Ovako stvarno izgleda oslobođenje.
15:29
Children rescued from slavery in the fishing industry in Ghana,
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Deca koja su oslobođena ropstva u ribarskoj industirji u Gani,
15:33
reunited with their parents,
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ponovo spojena sa svojim roditeljima
15:35
and then taken with their parents back to their villages
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i onda s njima odevedena nazad u svoja sela
15:37
to rebuild their economic well-being
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da obnavljaju ekonomsko stanje
15:39
so that they become slave-proof --
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kako bi postali otporni,
15:42
absolutely unenslaveable.
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otporni na porobljavanje.
15:45
Now, this woman
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Ova žena
15:47
lived in a village in Nepal.
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je živela u jednom selu u Nepalu.
15:49
We'd been working there about a month.
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Radili smo tamo oko mesec dana.
15:52
They had just begun to come out of a hereditary kind of slavery.
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Oni su tek počeli da izlaze iz naslednog ropstva.
15:56
They'd just begun to light up a little bit,
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Tek je počinjalo da bude bolje,
15:58
open up a little bit.
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otvarali su se.
16:00
But when we went to speak with her, when we took this photograph,
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Ali kada smo išli da razgovaramo s njom, kad smo je fotografisali,
16:02
the slaveholders were still menacing us
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robovlasnici su nam i dalje pretili
16:07
from the sidelines. They hadn't been really pushed back.
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sa strana. Nisu bili stvarno sklonjeni.
16:10
I was frightened. We were frightened.
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Bio sam uplašen. Svi smo bili uplašeni.
16:13
We said to her, "Are you worried? Are you upset?"
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Pitali smo je, "Da li ste uplašeni? Da li ste uznemireni?"
16:16
She said, "No, because we've got hope now.
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Rekla je, "Ne, jer sada imamo nade.
16:20
How could we not succeed," she said,
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Kako da ne uspemo", rekla je,
16:24
"when people like you from the other side of the world
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"kada ljudi kao vi s drugog kraja sveta
16:28
are coming here to stand beside us?"
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dolaze ovde da stanu uz nas?"
16:31
Okay, we have to ask ourselves,
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OK, moramo da se zapitamo
16:35
are we willing to live in a world with slavery?
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da li želimo da živimo u svetu u kom postoji ropstvo.
16:39
If we don't take action, we just leave ourselves open
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Ako ništa ne preduzimamo, prepuštamo
16:42
to have someone else jerk the strings
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nekome drugom da vuče konce
16:44
that tie us to slavery in the products we buy,
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koji nas vezuju za ropstvo kroz proizvode koje kupujemo,
16:47
and in our government policies.
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i kroz politike naših vlada.
16:49
And yet, if there's one thing that every human being can agree on,
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Opet, ako postoji jedna stvar oko koje svi ljudi mogu da se slože,
16:53
I think it's that slavery should end.
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to je, po mom mišljenju, da ropstvu mora doći kraj.
16:57
And if there is a fundamental violation
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I ako postoji značajno ugrožavanje
16:59
of our human dignity
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našeg ljudskog dostojanstva,
17:02
that we would all say is horrific,
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za koje možemo svi reći da je užasno,
17:04
it's slavery.
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onda je to ropstvo.
17:06
And we've got to say,
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Moramo se zapitati
17:09
what good is all of our intellectual
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kakva je korist od sve naše intelektualne,
17:12
and political and economic power --
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političke i ekonomske moći,
17:14
and I'm really thinking intellectual power in this room --
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a ovde mislim na intelektualnu moć u ovoj prostoriji,
17:18
if we can't use it to bring slavery to an end?
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ako ne možemo da je iskoristimo da okončamo ropstvo?
17:21
I think there is enough intellectual power in this room
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Mislim da u ovoj prostoriji ima dovoljno intelektualne moći
17:23
to bring slavery to an end.
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da okonča ropstvo.
17:25
And you know what? If we can't do that,
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I znate šta? Ako to ne možemo da uradimo,
17:28
if we can't use our intellectual power to end slavery,
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ako ne možemo da iskoristimo našu intelektualnu moć da okončamo ropstvo,
17:31
there is one last question:
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ostaje još samo jedno pitanje,
17:34
Are we truly free?
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da li smo zaista slobodni?
17:36
Okay, thank you so much.
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OK, mnogo vam hvala.
17:38
(Applause)
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(aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kevin Bales - Anti-slavery activistKevin Bales is the co-founder of Free the Slaves, whose mission is to end all forms of human slavery within the next 25 years. He's the author of "Ending Slavery: How We Free Today's Slaves."
Why you should listen
As an author, a professor of sociology, and consultant to the United Nations Global Program on Human Trafficking, Kevin Bales is one of the world’s foremost experts on modern slavery. He has made it his mission to eradicate global slavery.
Along with traveling the world doing investigative research, authoring books, racking up human rights awards, and teaming up with Simon Pell to form a fundraising consultant firm, Pell & Bales Ltd., he established Free the Slaves, a nonprofit whose brilliant website is packed with facts and inspirations to action. With Free the Slaves, Bales has mapped out ways to spread the message and gain resources that assign governments, the UN, business, communities and individuals specific roles in the fight to end slavery. In his new book, The Slave Next Door, he explores the relationship of slavery and environmental destruction. Armed with a compelling presence and a hopeful heart, he is enticing the world to help, so that we can all one day say the words: Mission Accomplished.
Kevin Bales | Speaker | TED.com