TEDGlobal 2017
Robert Hakiza: Refugees want empowerment, not handouts
罗伯特·哈其亚: 难民需要自立能力，而不是救济品。
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在人们的普遍印象里，难民居住在偏远地区的大片临时帐篷里。但事实上，全世界近60%的难民集中在城市地区。TED演讲者罗伯特·哈其亚带我们了解城市难民的生活，并展示由他发起的一个组织如何为他们提供所需技能，最终实现自给自足。
Robert Hakiza - Urban refugee expert
TED Fellow Robert Hakiza is the co-founder of the Young African Refugees for Integral Development (YARID), which empowers refugees and builds community through vocational education, English classes, access to sports and computer literacy skills. Full bio
TED Fellow Robert Hakiza is the co-founder of the Young African Refugees for Integral Development (YARID), which empowers refugees and builds community through vocational education, English classes, access to sports and computer literacy skills. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
目前，大多数难民都生活在城市里，
00:12
Currently, most refugees
live in the cities
live in the cities
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00:17
rather than in the refugee camps.
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而不是难民营。
00:22
We represent over 60 percent
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我们代表了
全球超过百分之六十的难民。
00:25
of the number of refugees globally.
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00:31
With the majority of refugees
living in urban areas,
living in urban areas,
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大多数难民都生活在城区，
00:36
there is a strong need
for a paradigm shift and new thinking.
for a paradigm shift and new thinking.
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因此我们迫切需要转变思维模式，
采取一种新思路。
采取一种新思路。
00:43
Rather than wasting money
on building walls,
on building walls,
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与其花钱大兴土木，
00:49
it would be better to spend on programs
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不如将钱用在一些
帮助难民进行自救的项目上。
00:53
to help refugees to help themselves.
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00:55
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
01:02
We always have to leave behind
all our possessions.
all our possessions.
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我们总会不得已丢弃我们的财产，
但会保留技能和知识。
01:08
But not our skills and knowledge.
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01:13
If allowed to live a productive life,
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如果能让难民过上自足的生活，
01:17
refugees can help themselves
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他们就能自救
01:20
and contribute to the development
of their host country.
of their host country.
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并对收容国的发展作出贡献。
01:26
I was born in the city called Bukavu,
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我出生在布卡武，
01:29
South Kivu,
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一个位于刚果民主共和国
01:31
in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
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基伍南部的城市。
我家共有12个孩子，我排行第五。
01:35
I am the fifth-born
in a family of 12 children.
in a family of 12 children.
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01:40
My father, a mechanic by profession,
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我的父亲，是一名技工。
他辛苦工作，供我上学。
01:44
worked very hard to send me to school.
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01:49
Just like other young people,
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和其他年轻人一样，
01:52
I had a lot of plans and dreams.
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我对未来有许多规划和梦想。
01:56
I wanted to complete my studies,
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我打算完成学业后，
01:59
get a nice job,
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找到一份体面的工作，
02:01
marry and have my own children
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结婚生子，
赚钱养家。
02:04
and support my family.
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但是这些都没有实现。
02:07
But this didn't happen.
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02:11
War in my homeland forced me
to flee to Uganda in 2008,
to flee to Uganda in 2008,
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战争迫使我背井离乡，
在2008年逃到了乌干达，
在2008年逃到了乌干达，
02:18
nine years ago.
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也就是九年前。
02:22
My family joined
a steady exodus of refugees
a steady exodus of refugees
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我们全家加入了逃亡的难民大军，
并定居在坎帕拉（乌干达首都）。
02:27
who settled in Uganda's capital, Kampala.
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02:32
In my country,
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在我的国家，
02:35
I lived already in the city,
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我住在城市里，
02:37
and we felt Kampala was much better
than a refugee camp.
than a refugee camp.
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所以我们感觉坎帕拉要比难民营好得多。
02:46
Refugees in the cities
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但是城市里的难民
寻求国际援助却屡屡被拒，
02:48
have always been denied
international assistance,
international assistance,
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02:54
even after their recognition
by UNHCR in 1997.
by UNHCR in 1997.
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即使他们已经在1997年
得到联合国难民署的认可。
得到联合国难民署的认可。
03:01
In addition to the poverty problem
we were confronted with
we were confronted with
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作为当地城市的贫困人群，
除了要面对贫困问题，
03:07
as the local urban poor,
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因为难民身份，我们还要面临很多挑战，
03:10
we were facing challenges
due to our refugee status,
due to our refugee status,
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比如语言障碍。
03:14
such as a language barrier.
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03:17
In Congo, the official language is French.
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在刚果，官方语言是法语。
03:21
But in Uganda, it is English.
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但在乌干达是英语。
03:25
We didn't have access
to education and health.
to education and health.
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我们无权接受教育，享受医疗。
03:29
We were exposed to harassment,
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我们会遭受骚扰、
剥削、恐吓和歧视。
03:33
exploitation, intimidation
and discrimination.
and discrimination.
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03:39
Humanitarian organizations mostly focused
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人道主义组织将焦点放在
难民在偏远地区的定居问题，
03:43
on the formal settlement in rural areas,
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03:46
and there was nothing in place for us.
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而对于我们就没有什么实际行动。
03:52
But we didn't want handouts.
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我们并不想要救济品，
03:56
We wanted to work and support ourselves.
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我们想要工作，养活自己。
04:00
I joined my other two colleagues in exile
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我和另外两个流亡的同事聚在一起，
建立了一个组织，来帮助其他难民。
04:04
and set up an organization
to support other refugees.
to support other refugees.
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04:08
YARID -- Young African Refugees
for Integral Development --
for Integral Development --
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YARID——
青年非洲难民的全面发展 ——
青年非洲难民的全面发展 ——
04:13
began as a conversation
within the Congolese community.
within the Congolese community.
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这个组织起源于刚果社区内部的一次谈话。
04:19
We asked the community
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当时我们询问大家，
04:21
how they could organize themselves
to solve these challenges.
to solve these challenges.
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如何能够自发组织起来，
解决这些难题。
解决这些难题。
04:27
The YARID programs for support
evolve in stages,
evolve in stages,
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YARID的支持项目正在逐步发展，
04:32
progressing from soccer community,
to English language
to English language
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从社区足球，到英语语言培训，
再到缝纫技能培训。
04:37
to sewing livelihoods.
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04:41
The soccer changed the energy
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足球转移了
失业青年的精力，
04:46
of unemployed youth
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把来自不同社区的人联系起来。
04:48
and connected people
from different communities.
from different communities.
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04:53
The free English classes
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免费英语课程
04:55
help empower people to engage
with the Ugandan community,
with the Ugandan community,
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使人们能够与当地的乌干达人接触，
从而认识周围的人，
并有机会售卖商品。
并有机会售卖商品。
04:59
allowing them to get to know
their neighbors and sell wares.
their neighbors and sell wares.
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05:05
The vocational training program
offers livelihood skills,
offers livelihood skills,
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职业培训课程提供谋生技能，
有了这些技能，
人们就有机会实现经济自立。
人们就有机会实现经济自立。
05:11
and with them, important opportunities
for economic self-reliance.
for economic self-reliance.
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05:16
We've seen so many families
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我们已经看到许多家庭
实现了自给自足。
05:20
become self-sustaining.
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05:23
We've seen who no longer needs our help.
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我们也看到有些人已经不再需要帮助。
05:28
As YARID's programs have expanded,
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随着YARID的项目发展壮大，
05:33
it has included an increasing
range of nationalities --
range of nationalities --
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它所涵盖的国籍范围也在不断扩大--
05:39
Congolese, Rwandan, Burundian,
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刚果人，卢旺达人，布隆迪人，
05:43
Somalis, Ethiopian, South Sudanese.
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索马里人，埃塞俄比亚人，南苏丹人。
05:47
Today, YARID has supported
over 3,000 refugees across Kampala
over 3,000 refugees across Kampala
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至今，YARID已经在整个坎帕拉
帮助了超过三千名难民，
帮助了超过三千名难民，
我们还将继续帮助更多人。
05:53
and continues supporting more.
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05:55
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
05:59
Refugees want empowerment, not handouts.
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授之以鱼不如授之以渔，
难民需要自立能力，而不是救济品。
难民需要自立能力，而不是救济品。
06:06
We know our community better than anyone.
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我们比任何人都更了解自己的群体。
06:10
We understand the challenges
and opportunities we face
and opportunities we face
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我们了解实现自力更生
所要面对的挑战与机遇。
06:15
to become self-reliant.
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06:17
I know better than anyone
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我比任何人都更理解
在难民工作中产生的那些倡议。
06:20
that initiatives created by refugees work.
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它们需要得到国际的认可和支持。
06:24
They need to be internationally
recognized and supported.
recognized and supported.
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06:29
Give us the support we deserve,
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给予我们所需的支持，
06:32
and we will pay you back with interest.
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滴水之恩，当涌泉相报。
06:34
Thank you so much.
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谢谢。
（鼓掌）
06:36
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Robert Hakiza - Urban refugee expertTED Fellow Robert Hakiza is the co-founder of the Young African Refugees for Integral Development (YARID), which empowers refugees and builds community through vocational education, English classes, access to sports and computer literacy skills.
Why you should listen
Robert Hakiza is a refugee from Congo living in Uganda since 2008. He holds a degree in Agriculture from the Catholic University of Bukavu (DRC), and he's the co-founder and executive director of the Young African Refugees for Integral Development (YARID). He is also one of the founders of the Refugee-Led Organization Network. He has experience working with urban refugees and also works to educate others about obstacles refugees face. In 2013, Hakiza worked as an assistant researcher with Oxford's Humanitarian Innovation Project. He is a TED Fellow and an Aspen New Voices Fellow 2017.
Robert Hakiza | Speaker | TED.com