TEDGlobal 2012
Jamie Drummond: Let's crowdsource the world's goals
Jamie Drummon：让全球人民共同定义未来目标
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联合国在2000年的时候制定了8个改善世界的目标，包括降低贫穷和减少疾病，并且设定2015年完成。 随着2015年接近，来自ONE.org 机构的Jamie Drummond，给千年发展计划做了个评估，讲述了一些让人惊艳的成就；他也建议我们应该邀请全球公民共同决定下一个15年的发展目标。
Jamie Drummond - Anti-poverty activist
Jamie Drummond co-founded the advocacy organization ONE, whose central themes are ending extreme poverty and fighting the AIDS pandemic. Full bio
Jamie Drummond co-founded the advocacy organization ONE, whose central themes are ending extreme poverty and fighting the AIDS pandemic. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
So let me start by taking you back,
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请允我带你们回到过去开始，
00:20
back into the mists of your memory
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回到你记忆的迷雾里，
00:22
to perhaps the most anticipated year in your life,
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也许那是你生命中最值得期待的一年，
00:26
but certainly the most anticipated year
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而的确这也是人类历史上
00:28
in all human history:
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最值得期待的一年
00:30
the year 2000. Remember that?
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2000年，记得么？
00:33
Y2K, the dotcom bubble,
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千禧病毒，互联网泡沫
00:37
stressing about whose party you're going to go to
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当接近午夜的时候
00:39
as the clock strikes midnight,
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在香槟走味之前
00:41
before the champagne goes flat,
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你还在为应该参加谁的派对而烦恼
00:43
and then there's that inchoate yearning
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当然，也有与最初的向往的落差
00:47
that was felt, I think, by many, that the millennium,
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很多人觉得，千禧年
00:50
that the year 2000, should mean more,
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2000年，应该有更多的意义
00:52
more than just a two and some zeroes.
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比一个2和几个0有更多的意义
00:56
Well, amazingly, for once, our world leaders
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令人惊叹的是，这个世界的领导者们
00:59
actually lived up to that millennium moment
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这一次并没有辜负这个千年一次的时刻
01:02
and back in 2000 agreed to some
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在2000年的时候，他们在一些非凡的东西上
01:04
pretty extraordinary stuff:
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达成一致
01:07
visionary, measurable, long-term targets
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富有长远意义的，可测量的，长期的目标
01:10
called the Millennium Development Goals.
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被称为 “千年发展目标”
01:13
Now, I'm sure you all keep a copy of the goals
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我相信你们都有把这份计划
01:15
under your pillow, or by the bedside table,
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放在枕头下，或者床头柜下
01:18
but just in case you don't,
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不过假若你没有
01:20
and your memory needs some jogging,
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或者你需要一些提醒
01:22
the deal agreed then goes like this:
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这些同意的条款是：
01:24
developing countries promised to at least halve
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发展中国家在2015年前保证至少减少一半的
01:27
extreme poverty, hunger and deaths from disease,
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赤贫，饥饿和疾病的死亡数目
01:30
alongside some other targets, by 2015,
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还有一些其他的目标：在2015年之前
01:33
and developed nations promised to help them
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发达国家将减少债权
01:36
get that done by dropping debts,
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改为增加有力的帮助和贸易改革
01:38
increasing smart aid, and trade reform.
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来帮助他们
01:41
Well, we're approaching 2015,
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现在快到2015了
01:43
so we'd better assess, how are we doing on these goals?
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所以我们最好来评估一下，这些目标完成的怎么样了？
01:46
But we've also got to decide, do we like such global goals?
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而且我们还要决定，我们是否喜欢这些目标？
01:50
Some people don't. And if we like them, we've got to decide
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有些人不喜欢。如果我们认可某些目标，我们要决定
01:53
what we want to do on these goals going forward.
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从此以后如何处理这些目标
01:56
What does the world want to do together?
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这个世界要一起做些什么？
01:58
We've got to decide a process by which we decide.
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我们要给既定的目标做出计划
02:01
Well, I definitely think these goals are worth building on
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当然，我认为继续完善和深入了解这些目标是值得的
02:04
and seeing through, and here's just a few reasons why.
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我这么说的原因有许多
02:08
Incredible partnerships between the private sector,
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发展中国家的令人难以置信的
02:11
political leaders, philanthropists
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于私营部门之间的伙伴关系：
02:13
and amazing grassroots activists
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政治领袖，慈善家
02:15
across the developing world,
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和那些杰出的基层活动者
02:17
but also 250,000 people marched in the streets
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还因为那些曾经在这座建筑物外，
02:21
of Edinburgh outside this very building
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在爱丁堡街上为“让贫穷成为历史”
02:24
for Make Poverty History.
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游行的25万人。
02:25
All together, they achieved these results:
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这些人一起取得这些成果：
02:28
increased the number of people on anti-retrovirals,
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增加了使用抗逆转录病毒药物，
02:31
life-saving anti-AIDS drugs;
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拯救生命的抗艾滋病药物的人数；
02:33
nearly halved deaths from malaria;
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几乎减半了疟疾的死亡人数
02:36
vaccinated so many that 5.4 million lives will be saved.
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用接种疫苗保护了540万人的生命
02:40
And combined, this is going to result
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这些加在一起，
02:43
in two million fewer children dying every year,
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与2000年相比，
02:46
last year, than in the year 2000.
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每年使得两百万儿童免于死亡。
02:48
That's 5,000 fewer kids dying every day,
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这等于每天有五千个孩子免于死亡，
02:51
ten times you lot not dead every day,
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正是因为这些合作，
02:54
because of all of these partnerships.
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帮助与在座人数相比的十倍人口免于死亡。
02:56
So I think this is amazing living proof of progress
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因此我认为，更多的人应该知道
02:59
that more people should know about,
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这些惊人的进展
03:01
but the challenge of communicating this kind of good news
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但是如何来传达这些好消息的途径，
03:04
is probably the subject of a different TEDTalk.
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就不是这里我想要细讲的了，
03:07
Anyway, for now, anyone involved in getting these results,
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不管怎样，感谢帮助取得这些成果的人。
03:09
thank you. I think this proved these goals are worth it.
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不仅证明了这些目标是有价值的。
03:13
But there's still a lot of unfinished business.
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但仍然，还有很多未完成的事业。
03:15
Still, 7.6 million children die every year of preventable,
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每年依旧有760万儿童死于能预防的，
03:20
treatable diseases,
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治愈的疾病，
03:22
and 178 million kids are malnourished
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一亿七千八百万儿童由于营养不良
03:25
to the point of stunting, a horrible term
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而发育迟缓，这意味着可怕的
03:26
which means physical and cognitive lifelong impairment.
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身体和认知能力的终身障碍。
03:30
So there's plainly a lot more to do on the goals we've got.
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由此看来，既定目标上显然还是有很多要做的事情。
03:32
But then, a lot of people think there are things
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但是与此同时，很多人认为那些
03:35
that should have been in the original package
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没有达成共识的，本来应该被包含在计划之内的目标
03:37
that weren't agreed back then that should now be included,
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应该在现在添加，
03:40
like sustainable development targets,
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比如可持续发展目标，
03:42
natural resource governance targets,
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自然资源治理目标，
03:44
access to opportunity, to knowledge,
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机会和知识的使用权利，
03:47
equity, fighting corruption.
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平等及对抗腐败。
03:49
All of this is measurable and could be in the new goals.
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这一切都是可以衡量的，并可能成为新的目标。
03:51
But the key thing here is,
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关键是，
03:53
what do you think should be in the new goals?
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你认为新的目标里应该有什么？
03:55
What do you want?
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你想要什么？
03:57
Are you annoyed that I didn't talk about gender equality
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你有没有对我没有提及
04:00
or education?
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男女平等或者教育而不满？
04:01
Should those be in the new package of goals?
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这些应该被加入到新的目标里么？
04:04
And quite frankly, that's a good question,
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非常坦白的说，这是一个很好的问题，
04:06
but there's going to be some tough tradeoffs
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但是这里会有一些艰难的权衡
04:08
and choices here, so you want to hope
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和选择，所以你会希望
04:10
that the process by which the world decides
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这个世界决定新的目标的过程
04:12
these new goals is going to be legitimate, right?
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应该是合理的，对吧？
04:15
Well, as we gather here in Edinburgh,
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那么，我们聚集在爱丁堡，
04:17
technocrats appointed by the U.N. and certain governments,
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这些由联合国和某些政府任命的技术官员，
04:20
with the best intentions, are busying themselves
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带着最好的意图，都在忙于
04:22
designing a new package of goals,
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设计这些新的计划
04:25
and currently they're doing that through pretty much the same old
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而且现在他们依旧通过旧的，20世纪末，自上而下
04:28
late-20th-century, top-down, elite, closed process.
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由精英组成，封闭的过程来设计这些计划。
04:32
But, of course, since then, the Web and mobile telephony,
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但是，当然从那时起，网络和移动电话，
04:36
along with ubiquitous reality TV formats
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加上无处不在的直播电视形式
04:38
have spread all around the world.
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已经传播到整个世界。
04:41
So what we'd like to propose is that we use them
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所以我们建议运用这些技术
04:43
to involve people from all around the world
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来让来自世界各地的人们参与到
04:46
in an historic first: the world's first truly global
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这个历史上第一次：全世界上第一次真正意义上的
04:50
poll and consultation, where everyone everywhere
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全球投票和协商，来自不同地方的每个人
04:54
has an equal voice for the very first time.
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都有平等的发言权。
04:57
I mean, wouldn't it be a huge historic missed opportunity
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我的意思是，由于我们有这样的能力，
05:01
not to do this, given that we can?
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如果我们不去做的话
岂不是错过了一个巨大的历史性机遇么？
岂不是错过了一个巨大的历史性机遇么？
05:03
There's hundreds of billions of your aid dollars at stake,
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这包括数十上亿的救援基金
05:08
tens of millions of lives, or deaths, at stake,
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数百万的生命危在旦夕，
05:12
and, I'd argue, the security and future
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还有，
05:14
of you and your family is also at stake.
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你和你家人的安全以及未来，也危在旦夕。
05:17
So, if you're with me, I'd say there's three essential steps
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所以，如果你同意我说的，那么实现这个众资的进程
05:20
in this crowdsourcing campaign:
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有这三个重要的步骤：
05:23
collecting, connecting and committing.
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收集，连接和承诺。
05:26
So first of all, we've got to ground this campaign
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首先，我们必须
05:28
in core polling data.
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以资料调查做为基础核心
05:30
Let's go into every country that will let us in,
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让我们进入每一个愿意合作的国家
05:32
ask 1,001 people what they want
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询问一千零一人
05:35
the new goals to be, making special efforts
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他们期望中的新目标是什么?
05:37
to reach the poorest, those without access
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特别是那些最贫穷的
05:39
to modern technology, and let's make sure that their views
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没有机会使用现代化科技的人
05:42
are at the center of the goals going forward.
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确保他们的想法成为这些未来目标的核心
05:44
Then, we've got to commission a baseline survey
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然后，通过调查来建立基线资料
05:48
to make sure we can monitor and progress the goals
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以确保我们可以监管这些目标
05:51
going forward. The original goals didn't really have
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并持续推进
05:53
good baseline survey data,
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先前设定的目标就没有具备合适的基线资料
05:55
and we're going to need the help of big data through all of this process to make sure
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在执行过程里，我们会需要这些海量的资料
05:59
we can really monitor the progress.
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以确认我们的监督进度
06:01
And then we've got to connect with the big crowd.
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接着，我们要把广大群众结合起来
06:04
Now here, we see the role for an unprecedented coalition
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现在，我看到空前的、非常庞大的群体合作
06:07
of social media giants and upstarts,
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包括社交媒体巨人、新兴企业
06:10
telecoms companies, reality TV show formats,
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电信公司、真人秀节目、游戏厂商等
06:14
gaming companies, telecoms, all of them together
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全部结合在一起
06:17
in kind of their "We Are The World" moment.
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形成「同一个世界」的时刻
06:21
Could they come together and help
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他们是否能一起合作
06:23
the Millennium Development Goals get rebranded
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将「千年发展目标」
06:26
into the Millennial Generation's Goals?
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转变为「千年世代的目标」？
06:29
And if just five percent of the five billion plus
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如果这些相连的五十亿人口中能有百分之五
06:32
who are currently connected made a comment,
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共同表达意见
06:35
and that comment turned into a commitment,
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并使这些意见变成承诺
06:37
we could crowdsource a force of 300 million people
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我们就可以集结这三亿人口的群体力量
06:40
around the world to help see these goals through.
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达成这些目标
06:44
If we have this collected data, and this connected crowd,
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如果我们拥有这些集合资料，和这群联结起来的民众
06:47
based upon our experience of campaigning
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依据我们过往的游说经验
06:49
and getting world leaders to commit,
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我们将可以使世界领袖们做出承诺
06:51
I think world leaders will commit
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我想世界领袖们
06:52
to most of the crowdsourced recommendations.
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愿意为这些群众建议做出承诺
06:55
But the question really is, through this process
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但真正的问题是，通过这些过程
06:57
will we all have become committed?
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我们大家也都为此承诺了吗？
07:00
And if we are, are we ready to iterate, monitor
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如果是，我们准备好去重复改进、监督
07:03
and provide feedback, make sure these promises
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和提供回覆
07:05
are really delivering results?
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以确保这些承诺会有成果吗？
07:07
Well, there's some fantastic examples here to scale up,
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这里有些很棒的实例，很适合扩大规模
07:10
mostly piloted within Africa, actually.
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这些大多是在非洲的做的试点项目
07:13
There's Open Data Kenya, which geocodes
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有一个叫做“肯亚开放数据”的网路平台
07:15
and crowdsources information about where projects are,
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由当地民众汇报讯息组成
07:18
are they delivering results.
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包括各项援助专案，运用在哪里，成果如何
07:19
Often, they're not in the right place.
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通常，援助资源没被用在最需要的地方
07:21
And Ushahidi, which means "witness" in Swahili,
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而Ushahidi这间公司（Swahili语，意为眼见为凭）
07:24
which geocodes and crowdsources information
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整理收集来的复杂紧急状况及地理位置讯息
07:27
in complex emergencies to help target responses.
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并将帮助传达到目标的地方
07:31
This is some of the most exciting stuff
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这是发展和民主之中
07:34
in development and democracy,
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最令人兴奋的东西
07:36
where citizens on the edge of a network
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这些位于边陲地带的人们
07:38
are helping to force open the process
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都在协助强力开发这个进程
07:40
to make sure that the big global aid promises
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确保来自顶层的大规模全球援助承诺
07:43
and vague stuff up at the top really delivers for people
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能够确实被传递到居于底层人民
07:46
at a grassroots level and inverts that pyramid.
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基层逆转改变成了倒置的金字塔，
07:50
This openness, this forcing openness, is key,
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这种开放，这种强制性开放是关键
07:54
and if it wasn't entirely transparent already,
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如果这还不够完全的透明
07:57
I should be open: I've got a completely transparent agenda.
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我还要说：我还有完全透明的目的
08:01
Long-term trends suggest that this century
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根据长期的趋势
08:04
is going to be a tough place to live,
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这个世纪的生活环境将会更艰困
08:06
with population increases, consumption patterns increasing,
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人口增加、消费扩张
08:10
and conflict over scarce natural resources.
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争夺稀有的自然资源的冲突
08:13
And look at the state of global politics today.
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而回首今日的全球政局
08:17
Look at the Rio Earth Summit that happened just last week,
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比如上周才举行的里约地球高峰会
08:20
or the Mexican G20, also last week.
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还有同样上周举办的墨西哥G20会议
08:23
Both, if we're honest, a bust.
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这两者，老实说都是失败的
08:25
Our world leaders, our global politics,
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我们的世界领袖和全球政治
08:28
currently can't get it done.
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目前都无法把事做好
08:30
They need our help. They need the cavalry,
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他们需要我们的帮忙，他们需要援兵
08:34
and the cavalry's not going to come from Mars.
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而这援兵不会天外飞来
08:36
It's got to come from us, and I see this process
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是来自于我们
08:39
of deciding democratically in a bottom-up fashion
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我看到这种是由下至上的民主过程是重要的方式
08:42
what the world wants to work on together
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世界想要通力合作
08:44
as one vital means by which we can crowdsource
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要透过此，集合群众力量
08:48
the force to really build that constituency
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真正地在21世纪
08:51
that's going to reinvigorate global governance
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重振
08:54
in the 21st century.
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全球共同治理的计划
08:56
I started in 2000. Let me finish in 2030.
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从2000年开始，将在2030年结束
09:01
Many people made fun of a big campaign a few years ago
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几年前，很多人嘲弄一个称做
09:04
we had called Make Poverty History.
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「让贫穷走入历史」的大型运动
09:06
It was a naive thought in many people's minds,
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在很多人心里认为，那实在很天真
09:10
and it's true, it was just a t-shirt slogan
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这也是事实
09:12
that worked for the moment. But look.
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那不过是一句T恤上的标语罢了
09:16
The empirical condition of living under a dollar and 25
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但是，生活水平在1点25美元以下的人口已逐渐下降
09:20
is trending down, and look where it gets to by 2030.
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在2030年会达到什么水平？
09:23
It's getting near zero.
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它将几乎消失
09:25
Now sure, progress in China and India
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现在肯定的是，中国及印度的贫穷比例的降低
09:27
and poverty reduction there was key to that,
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将会是关键
09:30
but recently also in Africa, poverty rates are being reduced.
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最近，非洲的贫穷比率也在在降低
09:33
It will get harder as we get towards zero,
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然而数字越接近零，将越困难
09:36
as the poor will be increasingly located
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因为贫穷将持续出现在
09:38
in post-conflict, fragile states,
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战争过后、脆弱的地区
09:40
or maybe in middle income states
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或着在中等收入的国家
09:42
where they don't really care about the marginalized.
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那些没有注意到边缘化的人
09:45
But I'm confident, with the right kind of political campaigning
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但我有信心，藉由正确的政治运动
09:49
and creative and technological innovation combined
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和具有创造力和科技化的革新
09:52
working together more and more as one,
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一起运作，同心协力
09:54
I think we can get this and other goals done.
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我想我们可以达到我们目的甚至其他
09:58
Thank you. (Applause)
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谢谢
10:01
(Applause)
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(掌声)
10:06
Chris Anderson: Jamie, here's the puzzle to me.
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(主持人) 杰米，我有个问题
10:08
If there was an incident today where a hundred kids
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如果今天有个事件
10:12
died in some tragedy or where, say, a hundred kids
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有一百名孩童死于某个悲剧的情况
10:15
were kidnapped and then rescued by special forces,
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也许有一百个孩子被绑架，然后被特警解救了
10:18
I mean, it would be all over the news for a week, right?
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我的意思是，它将会在新闻版面宣扬一整个礼拜，对吧?
10:22
You just put up, just as one of your numbers there,
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而你刚刚说
10:24
that 5,000 -- is that the number?
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其中一个数字是5000，没错吧?
10:27
Jamie Drummond: Fewer children every day.
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是指每天有5000名孩童免于死亡
10:29
CA: Five thousand fewer children dying every day.
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每天将有5000名孩童免于死亡
10:31
I mean, it dwarfs, dwarfs everything
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这很了不起，比任何实体的新闻事件更了不起
10:34
that is actually on our news agenda, and it's invisible.
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但这却没有人晓得
10:38
This must drive you crazy.
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而这一定让你气坏了
10:39
JD: It does, and we're having a huge debate in this country
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(讲者) 的确，而且我们还在争论援金规模的问题
10:42
about aid levels, for example, and aid alone is not
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例如，仅仅给金钱援助并不是完整的解决方式
10:45
the whole solution. Nobody thinks it is.
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没人会这么想
10:47
But, you know, if people saw the results of this smart aid,
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但你知道，如果人们看到这些明智援助的成果
10:52
I mean, they'd be going crazy for it.
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大家一定会为欣喜若狂
10:54
I wish the 250,000 people who really did march
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我多希望那25万在此前游行的人们
10:58
outside this very building knew these results.
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能知道这些成果
11:01
Right now they don't, and it would be great to find a way
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目前他们也许还并不晓得，而如果我们能够用有效的方式
11:04
to better communicate it, because we have not.
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善加传播这些成果那就再好不过了，但事实并非如此
11:06
Creatively, we've failed to communicate this success so far.
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目前为止，我们没能找到合适的方式去传播这些成功结果
11:09
If those kinds of efforts just could multiply their voice
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如果这些努力能够加以扩大传播出去
11:13
and amplify it at the key moments, I know for a fact
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在关键时刻更是大声放送
11:15
we'd get better policy.
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我相信这一定能产生更好的政策
11:17
The Mexican G20 need not have been a bust.
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墨西哥G20会议不该是个失败的会议
11:20
Rio, if anyone cares about the environment,
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在里约，如果有任何人真的关心环境
11:22
need not have been a bust, okay?
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会议也不会徒劳无功，对吧？
11:24
But these conferences are going on,
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但是这些会议的进行
11:26
and I know people get skeptical and cynical
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我知道人们会怀疑
11:28
about the big global summits and the promises
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并且嘲笑这些全球峰会
11:30
and their never being kept, but actually,
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以及他们从来没有兑现的承诺
11:32
the bits that are, are making a difference,
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但实际上，所有正在发生的件件小事都在做出他们的改变
11:34
and what the politicians need
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政治家们需要的
11:35
is more permission from the public.
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是大众的认可
11:38
CA: But you haven't fully worked out the Web mechanisms, etc.
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(主持人) 但是你并没有完全建成全套的网络机制
11:40
by which this might happen.
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来帮助这件事发生
11:42
I mean, if the people here who've had experience
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如果在场有对开放平台有经验的人才在，
11:44
using open platforms, you're interested to talk with them
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你将有兴趣和他们接触
11:47
this week and try to take this forward.
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继续进一步推动这项平台吧
11:48
JD: Absolutely. CA: All right, well I must say,
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(讲者) 当然会
11:50
if this conference led in some way
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(主持人) 我想说的是，如果这场会议帮助给这个想法一些进展
11:53
to advancing that idea, that's a huge idea,
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就非常了不起了
11:56
and if you carry that forward, that is really awesome,
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如果你的计划继续推进，真的会非常棒
11:58
so thank you. JD: I'd love your help.
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所以非常感谢你
12:00
CA: Thank you, thank you.
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(讲者) 感谢您的帮助
12:02
(Applause)
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(掌声)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jamie Drummond - Anti-poverty activistJamie Drummond co-founded the advocacy organization ONE, whose central themes are ending extreme poverty and fighting the AIDS pandemic.
Why you should listen
ONE (whose co-founders include rock star Bono) advocates for aid, trade, debt cancellation, investment and governance reform to help the citizens of emerging countries drive and determine their own destiny. Right now, the group's focus is the UN's Millennium Development Goals, eight benchmarks for health, justice and well-being announced in 2000 and targeted to be achieved in 2015. ONE is working to accelerate attention on the MDGs in the last four years of the challenge.
Jamie Drummond | Speaker | TED.com