TEDGlobal 2012
Jamie Drummond: Let's crowdsource the world's goals
Jamie Drummon：讓世界公民共同參與制訂改善世界的目標
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聯合國在2000年的時候制定了8個改善世界的目標，包括降低貧窮和減少疾病，並且設定2015年完成。2015年將屆，ONE.org 機構的 Jamie Drummond，給千年發展計畫做了個體檢，講述了一些讓人驚艷的成就；他也建議我們應該邀請全球公民共同決定下一個15年的發展目標。
Jamie Drummond - Anti-poverty activist
Jamie Drummond co-founded the advocacy organization ONE, whose central themes are ending extreme poverty and fighting the AIDS pandemic. Full bio
Jamie Drummond co-founded the advocacy organization ONE, whose central themes are ending extreme poverty and fighting the AIDS pandemic. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
So let me start by taking you back,
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讓我們一起回想
00:20
back into the mists of your memory
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回到你們記憶的深處
00:22
to perhaps the most anticipated year in your life,
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也許是在你們生命中最期待的一年
00:26
but certainly the most anticipated year
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也可能是整個人類歷史上
00:28
in all human history:
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備受期待的一年
00:30
the year 2000. Remember that?
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就是西元2000年，記得嗎?
00:33
Y2K, the dotcom bubble,
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千禧年、網路泡沫化
00:37
stressing about whose party you're going to go to
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煩惱著，在香檳走味之前
00:39
as the clock strikes midnight,
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跨年倒數時分
00:41
before the champagne goes flat,
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到底該參加誰的派對?
00:43
and then there's that inchoate yearning
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還有一些未曾深思的渴望?
00:47
that was felt, I think, by many, that the millennium,
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對很多人來說，千禧年
00:50
that the year 2000, should mean more,
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西元2000年，應該具有更多意義
00:52
more than just a two and some zeroes.
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不只是一個2跟幾個0
00:56
Well, amazingly, for once, our world leaders
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令人驚訝的，那些世界領袖們
00:59
actually lived up to that millennium moment
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難能可貴，在千禧年那時刻
01:02
and back in 2000 agreed to some
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在2000年同意了一些
01:04
pretty extraordinary stuff:
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非常特殊的事情
01:07
visionary, measurable, long-term targets
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具有遠見的、可衡量的、長期的目標
01:10
called the Millennium Development Goals.
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所謂的（聯合國）千年發展目標
01:13
Now, I'm sure you all keep a copy of the goals
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我很確定你們都有一份
01:15
under your pillow, or by the bedside table,
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不是在你的枕頭下，就是在床頭櫃上
01:18
but just in case you don't,
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但萬一沒有
01:20
and your memory needs some jogging,
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而你需要被提醒一下
01:22
the deal agreed then goes like this:
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這項協議就是：
01:24
developing countries promised to at least halve
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發展中國家承諾戮力於幾項目標，
01:27
extreme poverty, hunger and deaths from disease,
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包括要在2015年前，將極端貧窮、飢餓
01:30
alongside some other targets, by 2015,
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與因疾病造成的死亡減少一半
01:33
and developed nations promised to help them
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已開發國家承諾要來協助他們達到這個目標
01:36
get that done by dropping debts,
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透過勾銷債權
01:38
increasing smart aid, and trade reform.
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提升正確實惠的協助和貿易改革等手段
01:41
Well, we're approaching 2015,
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眼看2015年迫在眉睫
01:43
so we'd better assess, how are we doing on these goals?
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我們應該來評估一下，這些目標的進展如何
01:46
But we've also got to decide, do we like such global goals?
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我們也該評斷，我們真的接受這些目標嗎?
01:50
Some people don't. And if we like them, we've got to decide
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有些人不接受。如果我們認同，我們應該決定接下來
01:53
what we want to do on these goals going forward.
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我們應該怎麼執行這些目標?
01:56
What does the world want to do together?
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究竟整個世界想要做到的又是甚麼?
01:58
We've got to decide a process by which we decide.
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我們現在應該制定一個方法，來找出這個世界要什麼
02:01
Well, I definitely think these goals are worth building on
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我當然認為這些目標值得繼續執行和完成
02:04
and seeing through, and here's just a few reasons why.
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這裡有一些理由
02:08
Incredible partnerships between the private sector,
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私人機構、政治領袖和慈善家之間
02:11
political leaders, philanthropists
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不可思議的攜手合作
02:13
and amazing grassroots activists
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還有各發展中國家的
02:15
across the developing world,
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草根積極社運人士
02:17
but also 250,000 people marched in the streets
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還有二十五萬人在街頭遊行
02:21
of Edinburgh outside this very building
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就在愛丁堡，就在這棟建築外面
02:24
for Make Poverty History.
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提倡「讓貧窮走入歷史」
02:25
All together, they achieved these results:
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大家一起達成了這些結果
02:28
increased the number of people on anti-retrovirals,
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增加抗逆轉過濾性病毒的人數
02:31
life-saving anti-AIDS drugs;
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增加救命的抗愛滋藥物
02:33
nearly halved deaths from malaria;
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死於瘧疾的人數減半
02:36
vaccinated so many that 5.4 million lives will be saved.
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推廣疫苗注射使得5百40萬條生命免於死亡
02:40
And combined, this is going to result
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這些努力加在一起
02:43
in two million fewer children dying every year,
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每一年可以挽救兩百萬個孩童的性命
02:46
last year, than in the year 2000.
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去年，相較於2000年
02:48
That's 5,000 fewer kids dying every day,
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每日死亡的孩童數目少了5千人
02:51
ten times you lot not dead every day,
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是在座聽眾人數的十倍
02:54
because of all of these partnerships.
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都是因為這些人的合作
02:56
So I think this is amazing living proof of progress
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所以我覺得這些了不起的活生生的進步的證據
02:59
that more people should know about,
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應該讓更多人知道
03:01
but the challenge of communicating this kind of good news
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但是如何傳播這些好成績
03:04
is probably the subject of a different TEDTalk.
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可能是不同的TED Talk的主題
03:07
Anyway, for now, anyone involved in getting these results,
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無論如何，現在，對投身這些目標促進這些結果產生的人們
03:09
thank you. I think this proved these goals are worth it.
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我要說：謝謝你們，我想這證明了這些目標是值得的
03:13
But there's still a lot of unfinished business.
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但還有很多未完成的任務
03:15
Still, 7.6 million children die every year of preventable,
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每年還有七百六十萬名孩童
03:20
treatable diseases,
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死於可預防、可治療的疾病
03:22
and 178 million kids are malnourished
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一億七千八百萬孩童營養不良
03:25
to the point of stunting, a horrible term
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導致成長遲緩停滯，讓人痛心
03:26
which means physical and cognitive lifelong impairment.
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這些是對身體和智力上終身的傷害
03:30
So there's plainly a lot more to do on the goals we've got.
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因此，對於這些目標我們還有很長的一段路要走
03:32
But then, a lot of people think there are things
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然而，有些人認為，有些事
03:35
that should have been in the original package
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本來就應涵蓋在當時的目標裡的事情
03:37
that weren't agreed back then that should now be included,
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現在更應該要考慮加進去
03:40
like sustainable development targets,
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像是永續發展
03:42
natural resource governance targets,
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自然資源的管理
03:44
access to opportunity, to knowledge,
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機會平等，都有接受教育的機會
03:47
equity, fighting corruption.
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公平、打擊貪腐等
03:49
All of this is measurable and could be in the new goals.
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這些目標都是具體可衡量的、可以被加入到新目標之內
03:51
But the key thing here is,
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重點是
03:53
what do you think should be in the new goals?
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你認為哪些事情應該被包括在新的目標之內?
03:55
What do you want?
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你想要甚麼?
03:57
Are you annoyed that I didn't talk about gender equality
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當我沒提到性別平等或教育
04:00
or education?
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你是否感到不滿意?
04:01
Should those be in the new package of goals?
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這些該納入新的目標裡嗎?
04:04
And quite frankly, that's a good question,
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說實在的，這真是個好問題
04:06
but there's going to be some tough tradeoffs
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我們將面對困難的妥協跟選擇，
04:08
and choices here, so you want to hope
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所以你希望
04:10
that the process by which the world decides
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世界能依循合法且合理的流程
04:12
these new goals is going to be legitimate, right?
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來制定新目標?
04:15
Well, as we gather here in Edinburgh,
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然而，當我們現在聚集在愛丁堡演講
04:17
technocrats appointed by the U.N. and certain governments,
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由聯合國指定的技術官僚和一些國家
04:20
with the best intentions, are busying themselves
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正用心良苦
04:22
designing a new package of goals,
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為設計新的目標而忙碌
04:25
and currently they're doing that through pretty much the same old
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但是他們是依照20世界末期慣見的
04:28
late-20th-century, top-down, elite, closed process.
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由上而下、精英領導的封閉式流程
04:32
But, of course, since then, the Web and mobile telephony,
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當然，那時起，網路、行動電話通訊
04:36
along with ubiquitous reality TV formats
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以及普遍存在的實境秀電視節目
04:38
have spread all around the world.
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已經遍佈全世界
04:41
So what we'd like to propose is that we use them
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因此，我們期望的是利用這些科技
04:43
to involve people from all around the world
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讓全世界的人
04:46
in an historic first: the world's first truly global
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參與這個「史上第一」
04:50
poll and consultation, where everyone everywhere
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史上頭一遭全球意見調查及諮詢
04:54
has an equal voice for the very first time.
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每個角落的每個人都可以公平表達意見
04:57
I mean, wouldn't it be a huge historic missed opportunity
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我是說，如果是能做卻不這麼做
05:01
not to do this, given that we can?
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難道不是歷史上的一大憾事?
05:03
There's hundreds of billions of your aid dollars at stake,
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我們討論的是大家所提供的數以千億元的金援
05:08
tens of millions of lives, or deaths, at stake,
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數以百萬計的人命的死活
05:12
and, I'd argue, the security and future
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甚至攸關你自己
05:14
of you and your family is also at stake.
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和你家庭的未來
05:17
So, if you're with me, I'd say there's three essential steps
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如果你認同我
05:20
in this crowdsourcing campaign:
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「向世界公民徵詢」計畫運動有三個基本步驟
05:23
collecting, connecting and committing.
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收集資料、集結群力和做出承諾
05:26
So first of all, we've got to ground this campaign
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首先，我們必須以核心意見調查資料
05:28
in core polling data.
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做為本運動的基礎
05:30
Let's go into every country that will let us in,
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讓我們進入每一個願意合作的國家
05:32
ask 1,001 people what they want
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詢問一千零一人
05:35
the new goals to be, making special efforts
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他們期望中的新目標是甚麼?
05:37
to reach the poorest, those without access
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特別努力接觸貧窮人家
05:39
to modern technology, and let's make sure that their views
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那些沒有機會使用現代化科技的人
05:42
are at the center of the goals going forward.
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確保他們的想法成為這個目標的核心
05:44
Then, we've got to commission a baseline survey
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然後，進一步建立基線資料
05:48
to make sure we can monitor and progress the goals
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以確保我們可以監管這些目標
05:51
going forward. The original goals didn't really have
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並持續推進
05:53
good baseline survey data,
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原先的目標並沒有真正具備好的基線資料
05:55
and we're going to need the help of big data through all of this process to make sure
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在執行過程裡，我們會需要這些充分的資料
05:59
we can really monitor the progress.
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以確認我們真的能監督進度
06:01
And then we've got to connect with the big crowd.
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然後我們要把廣大群眾結合起來
06:04
Now here, we see the role for an unprecedented coalition
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現在，我看到空前的、非常大群的群體合作
06:07
of social media giants and upstarts,
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包括社群媒體巨人、新興企業
06:10
telecoms companies, reality TV show formats,
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電信公司、實境電視節目、遊戲廠商等
06:14
gaming companies, telecoms, all of them together
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全部結合在一起
06:17
in kind of their "We Are The World" moment.
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形成「我們是一個世界」的狀態
06:21
Could they come together and help
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他們是否能一起合作
06:23
the Millennium Development Goals get rebranded
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將「千年發展目標」
06:26
into the Millennial Generation's Goals?
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轉變為「千年世代的目標」?
06:29
And if just five percent of the five billion plus
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如果已經互連的五十億人口中有百分之五
06:32
who are currently connected made a comment,
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共同表達意見
06:35
and that comment turned into a commitment,
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而這些意見變成承諾
06:37
we could crowdsource a force of 300 million people
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我們就可以集結這三億人口的群體力量
06:40
around the world to help see these goals through.
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來協助完成計畫
06:44
If we have this collected data, and this connected crowd,
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如果我們擁有這些集合資料，和這群聯結起來的民眾
06:47
based upon our experience of campaigning
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依據我們的經驗
06:49
and getting world leaders to commit,
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我們將可以使世界領袖們做出承諾
06:51
I think world leaders will commit
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我想世界領袖們
06:52
to most of the crowdsourced recommendations.
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願意為這些群眾建議做出承諾
06:55
But the question really is, through this process
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但真正的問題是，經過這些流程
06:57
will we all have become committed?
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表示我們大家都同意了嗎?
07:00
And if we are, are we ready to iterate, monitor
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如果是，我們準備好去再三重申、監督
07:03
and provide feedback, make sure these promises
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和提供回覆
07:05
are really delivering results?
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以確保這些承諾會有成果嗎?
07:07
Well, there's some fantastic examples here to scale up,
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這裡有些很棒的實例，很適合擴大規模
07:10
mostly piloted within Africa, actually.
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這些大多是在非洲的一些先驅測試計畫
07:13
There's Open Data Kenya, which geocodes
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有一個叫做”肯亞開放數據(Open Data Kenya)”的網路平台
07:15
and crowdsources information about where projects are,
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裡面有關於各項援助專案所在，及其成效
07:18
are they delivering results.
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全由當地民眾彙報訊息
07:19
Often, they're not in the right place.
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通常，這些訊息不完全正確
07:21
And Ushahidi, which means "witness" in Swahili,
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Ushahidi這間公司 (Swahili語，意為眼見為憑)
07:24
which geocodes and crowdsources information
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透過當地民眾收集複雜的緊急狀況及地理位置訊息
07:27
in complex emergencies to help target responses.
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幫助援助送到對的地方
07:31
This is some of the most exciting stuff
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這是發展和民主之中
07:34
in development and democracy,
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最令人興奮的東西
07:36
where citizens on the edge of a network
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這些位於邊陲地帶的人們
07:38
are helping to force open the process
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都在協助強力開放此流程
07:40
to make sure that the big global aid promises
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確保來自上層的大規模的的全球援助承諾
07:43
and vague stuff up at the top really delivers for people
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可以確實被傳遞到居於下層鄉村人民
07:46
at a grassroots level and inverts that pyramid.
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逆轉形成了頭重腳輕的金字塔，
07:50
This openness, this forcing openness, is key,
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這種開放，這種強制性開放就是關鍵
07:54
and if it wasn't entirely transparent already,
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如果這還不夠完全的透明
07:57
I should be open: I've got a completely transparent agenda.
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我還要說：我還有完全透明的目的
08:01
Long-term trends suggest that this century
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根據長期的趨勢
08:04
is going to be a tough place to live,
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這個世紀的生活環境將會更艱困
08:06
with population increases, consumption patterns increasing,
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人口增加、消費擴張
08:10
and conflict over scarce natural resources.
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爭奪稀有的自然資源
08:13
And look at the state of global politics today.
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看看今日的全球政局
08:17
Look at the Rio Earth Summit that happened just last week,
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看看上周才舉行的里約地球高峰會
08:20
or the Mexican G20, also last week.
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還有同樣上周舉辦的墨西哥G20會議
08:23
Both, if we're honest, a bust.
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這兩者，老實說都是失敗的
08:25
Our world leaders, our global politics,
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我們的世界領袖和全球政治
08:28
currently can't get it done.
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目前都無法把事做好
08:30
They need our help. They need the cavalry,
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他們需要我們的幫忙，他們需要援兵
08:34
and the cavalry's not going to come from Mars.
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而這援兵不會天外飛來
08:36
It's got to come from us, and I see this process
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是來自於我們
08:39
of deciding democratically in a bottom-up fashion
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我看到這種是由下往上的民主過程是重要的工具
08:42
what the world wants to work on together
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世界想要通力合作
08:44
as one vital means by which we can crowdsource
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要透過這工具真正集合群眾力量
08:48
the force to really build that constituency
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真正在21世紀
08:51
that's going to reinvigorate global governance
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重振
08:54
in the 21st century.
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全球共同治理
08:56
I started in 2000. Let me finish in 2030.
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這計畫我在2000年開始，將在2030年結束
09:01
Many people made fun of a big campaign a few years ago
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幾年前，很多人嘲弄一個稱做
09:04
we had called Make Poverty History.
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「讓貧窮走入歷史」的大型運動
09:06
It was a naive thought in many people's minds,
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在很多人心裡那實在很天真
09:10
and it's true, it was just a t-shirt slogan
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這也是事實
09:12
that worked for the moment. But look.
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那不過是一句短命的T恤上的標語
09:16
The empirical condition of living under a dollar and 25
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但是，曾經只靠1點25美元生存的情況已經減少了
09:20
is trending down, and look where it gets to by 2030.
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在2030年會達到甚麼地步
09:23
It's getting near zero.
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它將幾乎快消失
09:25
Now sure, progress in China and India
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現在肯定的是，中國及印度的貧窮減低的比率
09:27
and poverty reduction there was key to that,
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將會是關鍵
09:30
but recently also in Africa, poverty rates are being reduced.
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最近連非洲的貧窮比率都在降低
09:33
It will get harder as we get towards zero,
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數字越接近零，將會更困難
09:36
as the poor will be increasingly located
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因為貧窮
09:38
in post-conflict, fragile states,
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會出現在戰爭過後、脆弱的地區
09:40
or maybe in middle income states
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或著在中等收入的國家
09:42
where they don't really care about the marginalized.
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並不太被在意被邊緣化的那些人
09:45
But I'm confident, with the right kind of political campaigning
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但我有信心，藉由正確的政治運動
09:49
and creative and technological innovation combined
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和具有創意和科技化的創新
09:52
working together more and more as one,
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一起運作，同心同力
09:54
I think we can get this and other goals done.
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我想我們可以達到這個和其他的目標
09:58
Thank you. (Applause)
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謝謝
10:01
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
10:06
Chris Anderson: Jamie, here's the puzzle to me.
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詹姆，我有個問題
10:08
If there was an incident today where a hundred kids
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如果今天有個事件
10:12
died in some tragedy or where, say, a hundred kids
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有一百名孩童死於某些悲劇狀況
10:15
were kidnapped and then rescued by special forces,
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或著有一百個孩子被綁架，然後被特警隊救出
10:18
I mean, it would be all over the news for a week, right?
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我的意思是，它將會在新聞版面宣揚一整個禮拜，對吧?
10:22
You just put up, just as one of your numbers there,
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而你剛剛說
10:24
that 5,000 -- is that the number?
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其中一個數字是5000，就是這個數字嗎?
10:27
Jamie Drummond: Fewer children every day.
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是指每日有5000名孩童免於死亡
10:29
CA: Five thousand fewer children dying every day.
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每日將有5000名孩童免於死亡
10:31
I mean, it dwarfs, dwarfs everything
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這很了不起，比任何實際的新聞事件更了不起
10:34
that is actually on our news agenda, and it's invisible.
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但這卻沒有人曉得
10:38
This must drive you crazy.
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而這一定讓你氣壞了
10:39
JD: It does, and we're having a huge debate in this country
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的確，而且我們還在爭論援助規模的問題
10:42
about aid levels, for example, and aid alone is not
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例如，僅僅給金錢援助並不是個完整的計畫
10:45
the whole solution. Nobody thinks it is.
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沒人會這麼想
10:47
But, you know, if people saw the results of this smart aid,
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但你知道，如果人們看到這些正確明智的援助的成果
10:52
I mean, they'd be going crazy for it.
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大家一定會為欣喜若狂
10:54
I wish the 250,000 people who really did march
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我希望當時那些25萬名在這棟大樓外參與遊行的人
10:58
outside this very building knew these results.
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能知道這些成果
11:01
Right now they don't, and it would be great to find a way
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可惜他們並不曉得，我們應該要找個方法
11:04
to better communicate it, because we have not.
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善加傳播這些成果
11:06
Creatively, we've failed to communicate this success so far.
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目前為止，我們沒能有創新的方式去傳播這些成功結果
11:09
If those kinds of efforts just could multiply their voice
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如果這些努力能夠加以擴大傳播出去
11:13
and amplify it at the key moments, I know for a fact
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在關鍵時刻更是大聲放送
11:15
we'd get better policy.
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我確定一定能產生更好的政策
11:17
The Mexican G20 need not have been a bust.
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墨西哥G20會議不該是個失敗的會議
11:20
Rio, if anyone cares about the environment,
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在里約，如果有任何人真的關心生態
11:22
need not have been a bust, okay?
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會議也不會徒勞無功
11:24
But these conferences are going on,
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但是這些會議持續舉行
11:26
and I know people get skeptical and cynical
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我知道人們會懷疑
11:28
about the big global summits and the promises
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並且嘲笑這些全球高峰會
11:30
and their never being kept, but actually,
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以及他們從來沒有兌現的承諾
11:32
the bits that are, are making a difference,
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但實際上，所有正在發生的小規模的事件確有成效
11:34
and what the politicians need
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政治家們需要的
11:35
is more permission from the public.
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是大眾的認可
11:38
CA: But you haven't fully worked out the Web mechanisms, etc.
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但是你並沒有解決網絡機制
11:40
by which this might happen.
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幫助這件事發生
11:42
I mean, if the people here who've had experience
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也就是說，本週，當人們見識了你的公開平台的運作
11:44
using open platforms, you're interested to talk with them
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你很有興趣和他們接觸
11:47
this week and try to take this forward.
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繼續進一步推動這項平台
11:48
JD: Absolutely. CA: All right, well I must say,
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當然會
11:50
if this conference led in some way
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我要說，如果這場會議能夠帶給這個想法一些進展
11:53
to advancing that idea, that's a huge idea,
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就非常了不起了
11:56
and if you carry that forward, that is really awesome,
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如果你繼續進行，真的會非常棒
11:58
so thank you. JD: I'd love your help.
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所以非常謝你 JD：你們幫很大
12:00
CA: Thank you, thank you.
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謝謝
12:02
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jamie Drummond - Anti-poverty activistJamie Drummond co-founded the advocacy organization ONE, whose central themes are ending extreme poverty and fighting the AIDS pandemic.
Why you should listen
ONE (whose co-founders include rock star Bono) advocates for aid, trade, debt cancellation, investment and governance reform to help the citizens of emerging countries drive and determine their own destiny. Right now, the group's focus is the UN's Millennium Development Goals, eight benchmarks for health, justice and well-being announced in 2000 and targeted to be achieved in 2015. ONE is working to accelerate attention on the MDGs in the last four years of the challenge.
Jamie Drummond | Speaker | TED.com