ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2010

Chris Anderson: How web video powers global innovation

克里斯·安德森:视频怎样鼓舞全球化的新创新

Filmed:
1,765,641 views

TED 的 Chris Anderson 说, 网络视频正在形成一个“群体加速创新”的现象。 这种自发循环学习的重要性几乎可以和印刷技术的发明相提并论。但是要参与到这股力量中, 团体组织需要能够有很强的开放意识。而这对TED而言,也意味着一个新篇章之开始。
- TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
If nothing else其他, at least最小 I've discovered发现
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即使没有其他贡献,至少我也发现了
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what it is we put our speakers音箱 through通过:
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我们让我们的讲演者经历了什么
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sweaty出汗 palms手掌, sleepless无眠 nights,
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手掌出汗, 不眠之夜
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a wholly unnatural不自然 fear恐惧 of clocks时钟.
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完全反常地害怕钟表
00:26
I mean, it's quite相当 brutal野蛮.
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我也觉得这真够残酷的。
00:29
And I'm also a little nervous紧张 about this.
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而且我为此而感到有点紧张
00:33
There are nine billion十亿 humans人类 coming未来 our way.
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九十亿人正向我们走来
00:36
Now, the most optimistic乐观 dreams
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就算是最乐观的梦想
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can get dented by the prospect展望
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也会在众人争夺地球资源的
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of people plundering掠夺 the planet行星.
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图景中消弱
00:44
But recently最近, I've become成为 intrigued好奇
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但是最近, 当我换一种
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by a different不同 way of thinking思维 of large human人的 crowds人群,
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角度来思考芸芸众生,我会感到很好奇
00:50
because there are circumstances情况
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因为在某种特定的情况下
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where they can do something really cool.
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人们可以做出很酷的事情
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It's a phenomenon现象 that I think
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并且我相信,任何一个组织或个人
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any organization组织 or individual个人 can tap龙头 into.
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都能从中学习到一些东西
00:59
It certainly当然 impacted影响 the way we think about TED'sTED的 future未来,
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这确实影响了我们对TED未来发展的思考方式
01:02
and perhaps也许 the world's世界 future未来 overall总体.
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或许说是对整个世界未来的思考方式
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So, let's explore探索.
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好吧,让我们一起探索一番
01:07
The story故事 starts启动 with just a single person,
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故事是从一个人开始的
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a child儿童, behaving行为 a little strangely奇怪.
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一个行径古怪的孩子
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This kid孩子 is known已知 online线上 as Lil Demon恶魔.
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这个孩子的网名是 LIL Demon
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He's doing tricks技巧 here, dance舞蹈 tricks技巧,
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他在玩耍一些技巧,舞蹈技巧
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that probably大概 no six-year-old六十岁 in history历史 ever managed管理 before.
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这恐怕是有史以来6岁的孩子从未做过的事情
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How did he learn学习 them?
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那他是怎样学的呢
01:23
And what drove开车 him to spend the hundreds数以百计 of hours小时 of practice实践
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又是什么激励着他花了几个百个小时练习呢?
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this must必须 have taken采取?
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他一定花了不少时间
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Here's这里的 a clue线索.
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这是一个线索
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(Video视频) Lil Demon恶魔: ♫ Step your game游戏 up. Oh. Oh. ♫
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(视频) Lil Demon: 把你的游戏提升一步,噢, 噢
01:33
Step your game游戏 up. Oh. Oh. ♫
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把你的游戏提升一步,噢, 噢
01:36
Chris克里斯 Anderson安德森: So, that was sent发送 to me by this man,
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克里斯 安德生:那是这个人寄给我的
01:39
a filmmaker电影制片人, Jonathan乔纳森 Chu,
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他是一位制片人,叫Jonathan Chu
01:41
who told me that was the moment时刻 he realized实现
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他说,那个短片让他认识到
01:43
the Internet互联网 was causing造成 dance舞蹈 to evolve发展.
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互联网在加速舞蹈表演技艺的演化
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This is what he said at TEDTED in February二月.
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这是他两月份在TED大会上说的
01:50
In essence本质,
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说到底
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dancers舞者 were challenging具有挑战性的 each other online线上 to get better;
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跳舞者在用网络互相切磋,改进舞蹈的技艺
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incredible难以置信 new dance舞蹈 skills技能 were being存在 invented发明;
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一些令人难以置信的新技巧因此被发明
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even the six-year-olds六岁的孩子 were joining加盟 in.
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甚至连6岁的孩子都会加入
01:59
It felt like a revolution革命.
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它仿佛是一种革命
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And so Jon乔恩 had a brilliant辉煌 idea理念:
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于是Jon想到了一个好主意
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He went out to recruit the best最好 of the best最好 dancers舞者
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他到YouTube上去招募最好
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off of YouTubeYouTube的
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跳舞演员
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to create创建 this dance舞蹈 troupe剧团 --
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组成了一个舞蹈团
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The League联盟 of Extraordinary非凡 Dancers舞者, the LXDLXD.
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叫“卓越舞蹈家舞蹈团”,简称LXD
02:14
I mean, these kids孩子 were web-taught网上授课,
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这些孩子就是网络自学成才的
02:16
but they were so good that they got to play at the Oscars奥斯卡 this year.
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而他们太棒了,今年受邀在奥斯卡颁奖仪式上表演
02:20
And at TEDTED here in February二月,
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两月份在TED也做了演出
02:22
their passion and brilliance just took our breath呼吸 away.
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他们的激情和智慧让我们屏息
02:26
So, this story故事
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奇怪的是, 这个舞蹈
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of the evolution演化 of dance舞蹈
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演变的故事
02:30
seems似乎 strangely奇怪 familiar.
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似乎听来耳熟
02:32
You know, a while after TEDTalksTED演讲 started开始 taking服用 off,
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你们知道, 当TED演讲视频得到广泛传播之后
02:35
we noticed注意到 that speakers音箱
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我们注意到我们的演讲者
02:37
were starting开始 to spend a lot more time in preparation制备.
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开始花费大量的精力来做准备
02:40
It was resulting造成 in incredible难以置信 new talks会谈 like these two.
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象这两个精彩的演讲就是这种努力的结晶
02:43
... Months of preparation制备
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几个月的准备
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crammed临时抱佛脚 into 18 minutes分钟,
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浓缩在18分钟里
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raising提高 the bar酒吧 cruelly残酷 for the next下一个 generation of speakers音箱,
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毫不留情地给下一轮演讲者抬高了标杆
02:50
with the effects效果 that we've我们已经 seen看到 this week.
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而结果我们也在这个星期里看到了
02:52
It's not as if J.J. and Jill吉尔
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J.J 和Jill并没有
02:55
actually其实 ended结束 their talks会谈 saying, "Step your game游戏 up,"
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在她们的表演最后说:把你们的水平再抬高点
02:57
but they might威力 as well have.
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但是她们其实已经这么做了
02:59
So, in both of these cases,
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所以通过这两个例子
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you've got these cycles周期 of improvement起色,
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你都可以发现这样循环提高的现象
03:04
apparently显然地 driven驱动
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而激励着这种进步发生的
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by people watching观看 web卷筒纸 video视频.
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竟是网络视频的观众
03:08
What is going on here?
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这到底是怎么回事?
03:10
Well, I think it's the latest最新 iteration迭代 of a phenomenon现象 we can call
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我想我们可以把这个最新的渐进的想象叫作
03:13
"crowd-accelerated人群加速 innovation革新."
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“群体加速创新”
03:17
And there are just three things you need for this thing to kick into gear齿轮.
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只需要三样东西就可以使得这类事情发生
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You can think of them
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你可以把这它们
03:22
as three dials表盘 on a giant巨人 wheel.
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看作是大转盘上的三个转纽
03:24
You turn up the dials表盘, the wheel starts启动 to turn.
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你旋转转纽,转盘就转了
03:27
And the first thing you need is ... a crowd人群,
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你第一需要的是:人群
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a group of people who share分享 a common共同 interest利益.
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一群有同样兴趣追求的人
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The bigger the crowd人群,
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人群越大
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the more potential潜在 innovators创新 there are.
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其中蕴藏的创新者的可能性越大
03:37
That's important重要, but actually其实 most people in the crowd人群
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这很重要,然而事实上人群里的大多数人
03:39
occupy占据 these other roles角色.
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扮演了另外的角色
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They're creating创建 the ecosystem生态系统
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他们创造了一个生态系统
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from which哪一个 innovation革新 emerges出现.
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一个孕育创新的环境
03:46
The second第二 thing you need is light.
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你需要的第二样东西是聚光灯
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You need clear明确, open打开 visibility能见度
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你需要将人群里最棒的人做的最棒的事情
03:50
of what the best最好 people in that crowd人群 are capable of,
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以一种清晰而且公开的方式展示出来
03:52
because that is how you will learn学习
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因为这样你才能向他们学习
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how you will be empowered授权 to participate参加.
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并且这样才能鼓励你自己参与其中
03:57
And third第三, you need desire欲望.
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第三,你要一种欲望
04:00
You know, innovation's创新的 hard work.
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大家知道, 创新是一项艰苦的工作
04:02
It's based基于 on hundreds数以百计 of hours小时 of research研究, of practice实践.
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往往需要上百小时的研究和练习
04:05
Absent缺席 desire欲望, not going to happen发生.
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没有欲望, 就不会有创新
04:08
Now, here's这里的 an example -- pre-Internet预上网 --
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这就是一个列子:互联网之前
04:10
of this machine in action行动.
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当这台机器还没有启动前
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Dancers舞者 at a street corner --
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街舞者聚集在街角
04:14
it's a crowd人群, a small one,
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这是一小群人
04:16
but they can all obviously明显 see what each other can do.
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他们显然可以看见彼此在做什么
04:19
And the desire欲望 part部分 comes, I guess猜测,
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我猜, 欲望就由此产生
04:21
from social社会 status状态, right?
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为了提高身价, 是吧?
04:23
Best最好 dancer舞蹈家 walks散步 tall, gets得到 the best最好 date日期.
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最好的街舞者的知名度高走, 能交到最好的女友
04:26
There's probably大概 going to be some innovation革新 happening事件 here.
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这里面一定会有创新应运而生
04:29
But on the web卷筒纸,
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然后在网上
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all three dials表盘 are ratcheted棘轮 right up.
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三个转盘的指针都指向了最高值
04:33
The dance舞蹈 community社区 is now global全球.
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于是舞蹈社群就全球化了
04:35
There's millions百万 connected连接的.
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一个跳舞的社区可能会有上百万人,并且大家是连结在一起的
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And amazingly令人惊讶,
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令人惊奇的是
04:39
you can still see what the best最好 can do,
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你还是能看见他们中最棒的在干什么
04:42
because the crowd人群 itself本身 shines a light on them,
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因为人群会给他们套上光环点亮他们
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either directly, through通过 comments注释, ratings评级,
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直接的方法如:提供评论,评分
04:48
email电子邮件, FacebookFacebook的, Twitter推特,
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电子邮件, Facebook,Twitter,
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or indirectly间接,
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或者间接的,
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through通过 numbers数字 of views意见,
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通过点击数量
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through通过 links链接 that point Google谷歌 there.
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通过谷歌的链接
04:56
So, it's easy简单 to find the good stuff东东,
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所以找到好东西很容易
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and when you've found发现 it, you can watch it in close-up特写 repeatedly反复
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而你找到了以后,你可以仔细重复地观看
05:00
and read what hundreds数以百计 of people have written书面 about it.
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读成百人写的评论
05:03
That's a lot of light.
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这个聚光灯效应非常大
05:05
But the desire欲望 element元件
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同时欲望这个转盘
05:07
is really dialed拨打 way up.
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也爬升到一个很高的数值上
05:11
I mean, you might威力 just be a kid孩子 with a webcam摄像头,
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也许你只是一个小孩,你有个摄像头
05:14
but if you can do something that goes viral病毒,
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但假如你可以做一个动作,并且可以在网上广泛流程
05:17
you get to be seen看到 by the equivalent当量
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那么就会有成千上万的人在看你
05:19
of sports体育 stadiums体育场馆 crammed临时抱佛脚 with people.
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就像人们在大型体育场看比赛一样
05:22
You get hundreds数以百计 of strangers陌生人 writing写作 excitedly勃然 about you.
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还有数百个陌生人兴奋地评论你
05:25
And even if it's not that eloquent雄辩 -- and it's not --
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即使它不是什么值得吹嘘,
05:28
it can still really make your day.
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它也能让你一天感觉良好
05:32
So, this possibility可能性
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我想,这种能够被全球众多人群认可的机会
05:34
of a new type类型 of global全球 recognition承认,
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正在成为很多人努力的一大动力
05:37
I think, is driving主动 huge巨大 amounts of effort功夫.
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并且这是前所未有的
05:41
And it's important重要 to note注意 that it's not just the stars明星 who are benefiting受益:
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重要的是并不只是明星们才得益
05:44
because you can see the best最好, everyone大家 can learn学习.
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因为每个人都能看到最好的, 每个人都能从中学习
05:47
Also, the system系统 is self-fueling自供燃料.
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而且, 这个系统是会自我完善
05:50
It's the crowd人群 that shines the light and fuels燃料 the desire欲望,
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是人群为创新者点亮了聚光灯,助长了后者创新的欲望
05:53
but the light and desire欲望 are a lethal致命 one-two一二 combination组合
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而聚光灯和欲望二者如此致命的结合
05:56
that attract吸引 new people to the crowd人群.
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吸引了新的人群
05:59
So, this is a model模型
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这个,就是一个模型
06:01
that pretty漂亮 much any organization组织 could use
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在一个任何组织都可以运用的
06:03
to try and nurture培育 its own拥有 cycle周期
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他们可以用这个来尝试培育自己的
06:05
of crowd-accelerated人群加速 innovation革新.
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“群体加速创新”
06:08
Invite邀请 the crowd人群, let in the light,
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邀请围观者,打开聚光灯
06:11
dial拨号 up the desire欲望.
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还有是激发欲望
06:13
And the hardest最难 part部分 about that is probably大概 the light,
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而其中最难的大概就是聚光灯了
06:16
because it means手段 you have to open打开 up,
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这意味着你要公开
06:18
you have to show显示 your stuff东东 to the world世界.
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你要向世界展示你的东西
06:23
It's by giving away what you think is your deepest最深 secret秘密
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你需要把你认为最深藏不露的秘密拿出来
06:26
that maybe millions百万 of people
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授权给成百万的人
06:28
are empowered授权 to help improve提高 it.
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来提高它
06:30
And, very happily高高兴兴, there's one class of people
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而很高兴的是, 有一班人
06:32
who really can't make use of this tool工具.
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真的没法使用这种工具
06:35
The dark黑暗 side of the web卷筒纸
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网络黑暗的一面
06:37
is allergic过敏的 to the light.
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是对光线过敏的
06:39
I don't think we're going to see terrorists恐怖分子, for example,
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比如, 我想我们不会看见恐怖分子
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publishing出版 their plans计划 online线上 and saying to the world世界,
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在网上公开他们的计划对世界说
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"Please, could you help us to actually其实
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“请你们帮助我们完成
06:45
make them work this time?"
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恐怕活动,行吗?
06:47
But you can publish发布 your stuff东东 online线上.
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但是你可以在网上发表你的 东西
06:50
And if you can get that wheel to turn,
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而你如果可以使得你的轮子转起来
06:52
look out.
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那你就等着瞧好吧。
06:54
So, at TEDTED,
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所以, 在TED
06:56
we've我们已经 become成为 a little obsessed痴迷 with this idea理念 of openness透明度.
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我们已经变得非常公开了
06:59
In fact事实, my colleague同事, June六月 Cohen科恩, has taken采取 to calling调用 it "radical激进 openness透明度,"
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事实上,我的同事, June Cohen, 开始称之为:”激进地开放”
07:02
because it works作品 for us each time.
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因为对我们来说,每次这么做都很有效
07:05
We opened打开 up our talks会谈 to the world世界,
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我们把我们的演讲视频向世界公开
07:07
and suddenly突然 there are millions百万 of people out there
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突然有成百万的人帮着我们
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helping帮助 spread传播 our speakers'音箱 ideas思路,
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传播演讲者的思想
07:11
and thereby从而 making制造 it easier更轻松 for us
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于是我们的工作变得容易起来
07:13
to recruit and motivate刺激 the next下一个 generation of speakers音箱.
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我们因此可以招募和鼓动下一批演讲者
07:16
By opening开盘 up our translation翻译 program程序,
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当我们开放了我们的翻译项目
07:18
thousands数千 of heroic英勇 volunteers志愿者 --
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上千名无名英雄,自愿者
07:20
some of them watching观看 online线上 right now, and thank you! --
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他们中的一些现在正在观看,谢谢你们
07:23
have translated翻译 our talks会谈
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他们将讲座翻译
07:25
into more than 70 languages语言,
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成了70多个语言
07:27
thereby从而 tripling三倍 our viewership收视率 in non-English-speaking非英语为母语 countries国家.
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使得我们在非英语国家的收视提高了3倍
07:30
By giving away our TEDx的TEDx brand,
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我们开始批准使用TEDx品牌后
07:33
we suddenly突然 have a thousand-plus千加
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我们突然有了上千个TEDx会议
07:36
live生活 experiments实验 in the art艺术 of spreading传播 ideas思路.
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为人们提供了传播思想的现场
07:39
And these organizers组织者,
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这些组织者
07:41
they're seeing眼看 each other, they're learning学习 from each other.
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我们看得见对方,他们互相学习
07:44
We are learning学习 from them.
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我们也向他们学习
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We're getting得到 great talks会谈 back from them.
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他们从他们那里得到很多出色的演讲
07:48
The wheel is turning车削.
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轮子正运转着
07:50
Okay, step back a minute分钟.
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好, 让我们稍微退一步
07:52
I mean, it's really not news新闻 for me to tell you
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创新实际上是来自于群体的
07:55
that innovation革新 emerges出现 out of groups.
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这个已经不是新闻了
07:57
You know, we've我们已经 heard听说 that this week --
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这个星期我们就听到过
07:59
this romantic浪漫 notion概念 of the lone孤单 genius天才
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那种一个孤独的天才说一句:“我发现啦!”
08:01
with the "eureka尤里卡!" moment时刻 that changes变化 the world世界
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从而在瞬间改变了世界的浪漫想法
08:04
is misleading误导.
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是误导的
08:06
Even he said that, and he would know.
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即便他怎么说了, 他也知道
08:09
We're a social社会 species种类.
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我们是社会物种
08:11
We spark火花 off each other.
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我们互相激发
08:13
It's also not news新闻
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说网络加速了
08:15
to say that the Internet互联网 has accelerated加速 innovation革新.
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创新并不是什么新闻
08:18
For the past过去 15 years年份,
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在过去的15年里
08:20
powerful强大 communities社区 have been connecting online线上,
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强大的社群在网络上链接
08:22
sparking火花 off each other.
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互相激发
08:24
If you take programmers程序员,
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拿软件程序员来说
08:26
you know, the whole整个 open-source开源 movement运动
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整个开放源代码的运动
08:29
is a fantastic奇妙 instance of crowd-accelerated人群加速 innovation革新.
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就是群体加速创新的精彩典型
08:32
But what's key here is,
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而这里关键是
08:34
the reason原因 these groups have been able能够 to connect
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这些群体之所以可以链接起来
08:37
is because their work output产量 is of the type类型
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是因为他们的作品是
08:39
that can be easily容易 shared共享 digitally数字 --
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可以用数字方式共享的产品
08:42
a picture图片, a music音乐 file文件,
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例如照片, 音乐文件
08:45
software软件.
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和软件
08:48
And that's why what I'm excited兴奋 about,
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这也是为什么我感到兴奋的原因
08:50
and what I think is under-reported下报,
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我认为网络视频
08:53
is the significance意义 of the rise上升
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崛起没有收到媒体的
08:55
of online线上 video视频.
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足够报道
08:57
This is the technology技术
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这一技术
09:00
that's going to allow允许 the rest休息 of the world's世界 talents人才 to be shared共享 digitally数字,
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允许全球有聪明才智的人得以用数字化的手法交流
09:03
thereby从而 launching发射 a whole整个 new cycle周期
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因而将群体加速创新推入了
09:05
of crowd-accelerated人群加速 innovation革新.
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一个新的循环
09:08
The first few少数 years年份 of the web卷筒纸
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最初几年的网络
09:10
were pretty漂亮 much video-free视频 - 免费,
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几乎没什么视频
09:12
for this reason原因: video视频 files are huge巨大; the web卷筒纸 couldn't不能 handle处理 them.
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因为视频文件太大, 网络无法处理
09:15
But in the last 10 years年份,
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然而最近的10年
09:17
bandwidth带宽 has exploded爆炸 a hundredfold百倍.
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带宽翻了百倍
09:20
Suddenly突然, here we are.
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突然,我们就看到了今天的景象
09:22
Humanity人性 watches手表 80 million百万 hours小时 of YouTubeYouTube的 every一切 day.
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人们一天要看8千万小时的YouTube.
09:25
Cisco思科 actually其实 estimates估计 that, within four years年份,
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思科估计,四年内
09:28
more than 90 percent百分 of the web's网络的 data数据 will be video视频.
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九成以上的网络数据会是视频
09:32
If it's all puppies小狗, pornA片 and piracy海盗行为,
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如果那些数据都是玩物, 色情和盗版
09:34
we're doomed注定.
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我们就完蛋了
09:36
I don't think it will be.
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我不相信会这样
09:38
Video视频 is high-bandwidth高带宽 for a reason原因.
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视频之所以需要宽频
09:41
It packs a huge巨大 amount of data数据,
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是因为它带有大量的数据
09:44
and our brains大脑 are uniquely独特地 wired有线 to decode解码 it.
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而我们的大脑拥有特殊解读它的功能
09:47
Here, let me introduce介绍 you to Sam山姆 Haber哈伯.
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这里,让我来为你们介绍Sam Haber
09:50
He's a unicyclistunicyclist.
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他是一个独轮车手
09:52
Before YouTubeYouTube的,
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在YouTube之前
09:54
there was no way for him to discover发现
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他没有其他办法来发现
09:56
his sport's体育 true真正 potential潜在,
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这项运动真正的潜力
09:58
because you can't communicate通信 this stuff东东 in words, right?
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因为你不能用文字来交流,是吧?
10:01
But looking at video视频 clips剪辑 posted发布 by strangers陌生人,
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但是你们看看陌生人上传的视频片段
10:04
a world世界 of possibility可能性 opens打开 up for him.
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给他打开了一个新的世界
10:07
Suddenly突然, he starts启动 to emulate仿真 and then to innovate创新.
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突然, 他开始模仿, 然后创造
10:10
And a global全球 community社区 of unicyclistsunicyclists discover发现 each other online线上,
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全球的独轮车手都通过网络建立了一个
10:13
inspire启发 each other to greatness伟大.
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社区互相激发创造新的奇迹
10:15
And there are thousands数千 of other examples例子 of this happening事件 --
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而这样由网络视频驱使促进技能发展
10:18
of video-driven视频驱动 evolution演化 of skills技能,
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的事例成千上万
10:20
ranging不等 from the physical物理 to the artful.
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从物理到艺术
10:23
And I have to tell you,
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我不得不告诉你
10:25
as a former前任的 publisher出版者 of hobbyist业余爱好者 magazines杂志,
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我之前是做杂志的,做的是关于业余爱好的杂志
10:27
I find this strangely奇怪 beautiful美丽.
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我发现这很奇妙
10:29
I mean, there's a lot of passion right here on this screen屏幕.
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我是说, 这个屏幕上充满了热情
10:32
But if Rube乡巴佬 Goldberg戈德堡 machines
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但是如果你对魯布·戈德堡机器
10:35
and video视频 poetry诗歌 aren't quite相当 your cup杯子 of tea,
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或视频诗没兴趣
10:38
how about this.
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看看这个怎样?
10:41
Jove朱庇特 is a website网站
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Jove 是一个网站
10:43
that was founded成立 to encourage鼓励 scientists科学家们
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它鼓励科学家们通过发布录像
10:45
to publish发布 their peer-reviewed同行评审 research研究
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来交流互相评审的
10:47
on video视频.
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研究成果
10:49
There's a problem问题 with a traditional传统 scientific科学 paper.
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传统的科学报告有个问题
10:52
It can take months个月 for a scientist科学家 in another另一个 lab实验室
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通常另一个实验室的科学家需要
10:55
to figure数字 out how to replicate复制 the experiments实验
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花好几个月才能按照打印出来的
10:57
that are described描述 in print打印.
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步骤复制实验成果
10:59
Here's这里的 one such这样 frustrated受挫 scientist科学家,
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这里就有一个很受挫的科学家
11:01
Moshe摩西 PritskerPritsker, the founder创办人 of Jove朱庇特.
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Jove的创始人Moshe Pritsker
11:03
He told me that the world世界 is wasting浪费
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他告诉我这个世界在这个上面
11:05
billions数十亿 of dollars美元 on this.
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浪费了上亿的资金
11:07
But look at this video视频.
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但是你看看这段录像
11:09
I mean, look: if you can show显示
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我是说:如果你可以展示
11:11
instead代替 of just describing说明,
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而不是书面描述
11:13
that problem问题 goes away.
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这个问题就不存在了
11:15
So it's not far-fetched牵强 to say
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所以我们已经不是牵强附会地在这里宣称
11:17
that, at some point,
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某一天
11:19
online线上 video视频 is going to dramatically显着 accelerate加速 scientific科学 advance提前.
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网络视频会戏剧性地加速科学研究的发展
11:23
Here's这里的 another另一个 example
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这里是另外一个例子
11:25
that's close to our hearts心中 at TEDTED,
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这个更接近TED的核心
11:27
where video视频 is sometimes有时 more powerful强大 than print打印 --
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就是视频比印刷品更
11:30
the sharing分享 of an idea理念.
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能帮助分享思想
11:34
Why do people like watching观看 TEDTalksTED演讲?
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大家为什么看TED演讲
11:37
All those ideas思路 are already已经 out there in print打印.
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这种思想其实已经在印刷品中传播过
11:40
It's actually其实 faster更快 to read than to view视图.
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阅读比看录像还快写
11:42
Why would someone有人 bother?
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为什么大家还要来听TED演讲呢
11:44
Well, so, there's some showing展示 as well as telling告诉.
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那是因为讲述中还夹带了展示
11:47
But even leaving离开 the screen屏幕 out of it,
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但是即便我们撇开屏幕不谈
11:50
there's still a lot more being存在 transferred转入 than just words.
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这些演讲传递的东西还是超越了词语本身
11:53
And in that non-verbal非语言 portion一部分, there's some serious严重 magic魔法.
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那些不用语言传递的部分内涵着值得重视的神奇
11:56
Somewhere某处 hidden in the physical物理 gestures手势,
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它们隐藏在动作中
11:59
the vocal声音的 cadence韵律, the facial面部 expressions表达式,
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在语言的韵律中,在面部表情中
12:02
the eye contact联系,
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在眼神的交流中
12:04
the passion,
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激情
12:06
the kind of awkward尴尬, British英国的 body身体 language语言,
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以及那种尴尬的,英国佬的身体语言
12:09
the sense of how the audience听众 are reacting反应,
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对观众的反馈的感知
12:12
there are hundreds数以百计 of subconscious潜意识 clues线索
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那里面包涵了上百种潜在的暗示
12:14
that go to how well you will understand理解,
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影响着你如何理解
12:17
and whether是否 you're inspired启发 --
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如何接受启发
12:19
light, if you like,
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或者说如何被点亮
12:21
and desire欲望.
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产生渴望
12:23
Incredibly令人难以置信的是, all of this can be communicated传达
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不可思议的是,这一切都可以通过
12:25
on just a few少数 square广场 inches英寸 of a screen屏幕.
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几英寸大小的屏幕传递和交流
12:28
Reading and writing写作 are actually其实
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读和写其实是相对新的
12:30
relatively相对 recent最近 inventions发明.
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发明
12:32
Face-to-face面对面 communication通讯 has been fine-tuned微调
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面对面的交流经历了百万年
12:34
by millions百万 of years年份 of evolution演化.
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的进化和改善
12:36
That's what's made制作 it into this mysterious神秘, powerful强大 thing it is.
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形成了这种神奇的, 有力的交流方式
12:39
Someone有人 speaks说话,
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某个人发表讲话
12:41
there's resonance谐振 in all these receiving接收 brains大脑,
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在这些听众中得到共鸣
12:43
the whole整个 group acts行为 together一起.
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整个团体一起合作
12:45
I mean, this is the connective结缔组织 tissue组织
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我是说, 这是好象是将独立的个体
12:47
of the human人的 superorganism超级有机体 in action行动.
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联系在一起的组织
12:49
It's probably大概 driven驱动 our culture文化 for millennia千年.
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这很可能会对我们的文化带来上千年的影响
12:51
500 years年份 ago, it ran into
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500年前, 它曾遭遇
12:53
a competitor竞争者 with a lethal致命 advantage优点.
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到一个有致命优势的竞争对手
12:55
It's right here.
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这就是
12:57
Print打印 scaled缩放.
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印刷
13:00
The world's世界 ambitious有雄心 innovators创新 and influencers影响力
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现在世界上有雄心的创造者和有影响力的人
13:02
now could get their ideas思路 to spread传播 far and wide,
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都能使他们的想法传播到遥远的地方
13:05
and so the art艺术 of the spoken word
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因此, 口语的艺术
13:07
pretty漂亮 much withered干枯 on the vine藤蔓.
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曾经如同凋萎的蔷薇
13:09
But now, in the blink of an eye,
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但现在转眼之间
13:12
the game游戏 has changed again.
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游戏改变了
13:14
It's not too much to say
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不用多说
13:16
that what Gutenberg古滕贝格 did for writing写作,
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这是古腾堡对写作作出的贡献
13:19
online线上 video视频 can now do for face-to-face面对面 communication通讯.
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网络视频现在可以实现面对面的传播
13:22
So, that primal原始 medium,
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这是更原始的媒介
13:25
which哪一个 your brain is exquisitely玲珑 wired有线 for ...
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人们的大脑原来就是特别为之构造的
13:28
that just went global全球.
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而现在它全球化了
13:31
Now, this is big.
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现在, 它突然壮大了
13:33
We may可能 have to reinvent重塑 an ancient art艺术 form形成.
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也许我们要从小发明这门古老的艺术
13:36
I mean, today今天, one person speaking请讲
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我是说,今天, 一个人的发言
13:39
can be seen看到 by millions百万,
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可以传播到百万人那里
13:42
shedding脱落 bright light on potent有力的 ideas思路,
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给潜在的思想打上光亮
13:44
creating创建 intense激烈 desire欲望
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激发强烈的愿望
13:46
for learning学习 and to respond响应 --
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去学习, 去呼应
13:48
and in his case案件, intense激烈 desire欲望 to laugh.
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而对他而言, 强烈地愿望去欢笑
13:52
For the first time in human人的 history历史,
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在人类历史上第一次
13:55
talented天才 students学生们
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具有天赋的学生
13:57
don't have to have their potential潜在 and their dreams
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不在需要他们糟糕的老师来书写
14:00
written书面 out of history历史 by lousy糟糕 teachers教师.
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他们的潜质和梦想
14:03
They can sit two feet in front面前 of the world's世界 finest最好的.
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他们可以在两尺外坐在世界上最好的老师前学习
14:07
Now, TEDTED is just a small part部分 of this.
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TED 只是其中的一小部分
14:10
I mean, the world's世界 universities高校 are opening开盘 up their curricula课程.
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世界上的大学正在公开他们的课程
14:13
Thousands成千上万 of individuals个人 and organizations组织
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成千上万的个人和组织
14:16
are sharing分享 their knowledge知识 and data数据 online线上.
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在网上分享他们的知识和数据
14:18
Thousands成千上万 of people are figuring盘算 out new ways方法
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成千上万的人们在发现
14:20
to learn学习 and, crucially关键,
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新的学习途径,更重要的是
14:22
to respond响应, completing完成 the cycle周期.
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他们通过反馈,帮助完成了整个循环
14:25
And so, as we've我们已经 thought about this,
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所以我们想
14:28
you know, it's become成为 clear明确 to us
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事实越来越清晰的表明
14:31
what the next下一个 stage阶段 of TED'sTED的 evolution演化 has to be.
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TED的下一步发展会是什么
14:34
TEDTalksTED演讲 can't be a one-way单程 process处理, one-to-many一个一对多.
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TED演讲不应该是单向的,一对多的形式
14:37
Our future未来 is many-to-many许多一对多.
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我们的未来是多对多的
14:40
So, we're dreaming做梦 of ways方法
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所以我们在考虑创造一些渠道
14:42
to make it easier更轻松 for you, the global全球 TEDTED community社区,
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使得全球的TED社群可以方便的
14:45
to respond响应 to speakers音箱,
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互相与讲演者对话
14:47
to contribute有助于 your own拥有 ideas思路,
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去持续发展你自己的思想
14:49
maybe even your own拥有 TEDTalksTED演讲,
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甚至你自己的TED讲话
14:52
and to help shine闪耀 a light on the very best最好 of what's out there.
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帮助照亮那些最棒的东西
14:55
Because, if we can bubble泡沫 up the very best最好
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因为,如果我们可以使最好的
14:57
from a vastly大大 larger pool,
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东西在巨大的池子里凸显,冒泡
14:59
this wheel turns.
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这个轮子就转起来了
15:01
Now, is it possible可能 to imagine想像
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我们可以想象
15:04
a similar类似 process处理 to this,
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一个和这个相似的过程
15:06
happening事件 to global全球 education教育 overall总体?
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在全球的教育范围内发生
15:09
I mean, does it have to be this painful痛苦,
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我是说, 有必要搞得这么痛苦吗
15:11
top-down自顶向下 process处理?
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需要由上至下吗?
15:13
Why not a self-fueling自供燃料 cycle周期
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为什么不能是一个自行循环
15:16
in which哪一个 we all can participate参加?
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我们都能参与其中?
15:18
It's the participation参与 age年龄, right?
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这是一个参与的时代,不是吗?
15:21
Schools学校 can't be silos筒仓.
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学校不再是孤立的
15:23
We can't stop learning学习 at age年龄 21.
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我们不能到了21岁就不学了
15:27
What if, in the coming未来 crowd人群 of nine billion十亿 ...
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如果, 滚滚而来的九十亿人群
15:31
what if that crowd人群 could learn学习 enough足够
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都能学着成为
15:34
to be net contributors贡献者,
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贡献者
15:36
instead代替 of net plunderers强盗?
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而不是掠夺者?
15:39
That changes变化 everything, right?
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这会改变一切,是吗?
15:41
I mean, that would take more teachers教师 than we've我们已经 ever had.
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我是说, 这个世界可以拥有前所未有的很多老师
15:44
But the good news新闻 is they are out there.
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好消息是,他们就在那里
15:46
They're in the crowd人群,
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他们在人群中
15:48
and the crowd人群 is switching交换 on lights灯火,
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而人群把聚光灯打开
15:50
and we can see them for the first time,
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第一次, 我们可以看见他们了
15:52
not as an undifferentiated未分化 mass of strangers陌生人,
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从一群无法分辨的陌生人中找到他们
15:55
but as individuals个人 we can learn学习 from.
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如果我们可以从个体中学到东西
16:00
Who's谁是 the teacher老师?
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那么谁是老师呢?
16:02
You're the teacher老师.
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我们就是老师
16:06
You're part部分 of the crowd人群
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我们是人群中的一部分
16:08
that may可能 be about to launch发射
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我们很可能在帮助
16:10
the biggest最大 learning学习 cycle周期 in human人的 history历史,
379
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启动人类历史上最大的学习大循环
16:13
a cycle周期 capable of carrying携带 all of us
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这个大循环可以容纳我们所有的人
16:16
to a smarter聪明, wiser聪明, more beautiful美丽 place地点.
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3000
引领我们走到一个跟聪明, 智慧, 美丽的地方
16:22
Here's这里的 a group of kids孩子 in a village in Pakistan巴基斯坦
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这是在巴基斯坦的一个小村庄
16:24
near where I grew成长 up.
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靠近我长大的地方
16:26
Within five years年份, each of these kids孩子 is going to have access访问
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在5年利, 这些孩子都能链接到
16:28
to a cellphone手机 capable of full-on全开 web卷筒纸 video视频
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一个带有视频的手机网络
16:31
and capable of uploading上传 video视频 to the web卷筒纸.
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他们可以上传视频
16:34
I mean, is it crazy to think that this girl女孩,
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我是说,真的很难想象这个女孩
16:36
in the back, at the right, in 15 years年份,
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后排的这个, 右边的, 在15年中
16:38
might威力 be sharing分享 the idea理念 that keeps保持 the world世界 beautiful美丽
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可以分享她的想法来使世界变得更加美好
16:41
for your grandchildren孙子?
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为子孙后代生存的世界造福
16:43
It's not crazy; it's actually其实 happening事件 right now.
391
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这不是逛想,这些事情正在发生
16:46
I want to introduce介绍 you to a good friend朋友 of TEDTED
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我象向你们介绍TED的一个好朋友
16:49
who just happens发生 to live生活 in Africa's非洲 biggest最大 shantytown棚户区.
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他住在非洲最大的贫民窟基贝拉
16:52
(Video视频) Christopher克里斯托弗 Makau马卡乌: Hi你好. My name名称 is Christopher克里斯托弗 Makau马卡乌.
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(影片)Christopher Makau: 我叫 Christopher Makau
16:55
I'm one of the organizers组织者 of TEDxKiberaTEDxKibera.
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我是 TEDxKibera的组织人之一
16:58
There are so many许多 good things which哪一个 are happening事件 right here in Kibera基贝拉.
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现在的基贝拉, 有些好事情正在发生
17:01
There's a self-help自救 group.
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有个自助的团体
17:03
They turned转身 a trash垃圾 place地点 into a garden花园.
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他们把垃圾改造成花园
17:06
The same相同 spot, it was a crime犯罪 spot
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这个地方曾经是犯罪聚点
17:09
where people were being存在 robbed被抢.
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人们在这里遭抢劫
17:11
They used the same相同 trash垃圾
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他们把同样的垃圾
17:13
to form形成 green绿色 manure肥料.
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打造成绿肥
17:15
The same相同 trash垃圾 site现场
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同样的垃圾场
17:17
is feeding馈送 more than 30 families家庭.
404
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现在可以喂养30个家庭
17:20
We have our own拥有 film电影 school学校.
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我们有自己的电影学校
17:22
They are using运用 Flip翻动 cameras相机
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他们用摄影
17:24
to record记录, edit编辑,
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纪录,编辑
17:26
and reporting报告 to their own拥有 channel渠道,
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并报导他们的生活
17:28
Kibera基贝拉 TV电视.
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基贝拉电视
17:30
Because of a scarcity缺乏 of land土地,
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由于缺乏土地资源
17:32
we are using运用 the sacks麻袋 to grow增长 vegetables蔬菜,
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我们用袋子种菜
17:34
and also [we're] able能够 to save保存 on the cost成本 of living活的.
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用事,我们也可以降低生活成本
17:37
Change更改 happens发生 when we see things in a different不同 way.
413
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转播我们看待事物的不同方式
17:40
Today今天, I see Kibera基贝拉 in a different不同 way.
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今天我们以不同的眼光来看待基贝拉
17:43
My message信息 to TEDGlobalTEDGlobal
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我给TEDGlobal
17:46
and the entire整个 world世界 is:
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和全世界的讯息是
17:48
Kibera基贝拉 is a hotbed温床
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基贝拉是个
17:50
of innovation革新 and ideas思路.
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充满创新与想法的温床
17:54
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
18:00
CACA: You know what?
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你们知道吗?
18:03
I bet赌注 Chris克里斯 has always been an inspiring鼓舞人心 guy.
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我打赌Chris一直都是个激励人心的家伙
18:06
What's new -- and it's huge巨大 --
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值得注意是,并且这个很重要
18:09
is that, for the first time, we get to see him,
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这是我们第一次见到他
18:12
and he can see us.
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而且他也能看见我们
18:14
Right now, Chris克里斯 and Kevin凯文
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现在, Chris, Kevin,
18:16
and Dennis丹尼斯 and Dickson迪克森 and their friends朋友
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Dennis, Dickson, 与他们的朋友
18:18
are watching观看 us, in Nairobi内罗毕, right now.
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都在看着我们, 在奈洛比(肯亚首度),就是现在
18:21
Guys,
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各位
18:23
we've我们已经 learned学到了 from you today今天.
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今天, 我们从你们的身上学到了许多
18:25
Thank you.
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谢谢
18:27
And thank you.
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谢谢你们
18:29
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
Translated by Jenny Yang
Reviewed by Tony Yet

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com

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