TEDGlobal 2017
Kasiva Mutua: How I use the drum to tell my story
卡西華．木圖阿: 我如何用鼓述說我的故事
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在這場演講兼表演中，身為鼓手、打擊樂手及 TED 研究會員卡西華．木圖阿分享她如何打破肯亞女性鼓手的禁忌，以及分享她的使命：教授男孩、女人和女孩鼓的意義和重要性。木圖阿說：「女性也可以是文化的守護者」。
Kasiva Mutua - Drummer, percussionist
Kasiva Mutua is working to elevate the place of the African woman in music. Full bio
Kasiva Mutua is working to elevate the place of the African woman in music. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
"Listen.
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「快聽，
00:14
Do you hear that?"
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有聽到嗎？」
00:16
my grandmother asked me.
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我奶奶問我。
00:19
"Listen.
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「仔細聽，
00:20
Listen to what the beetle is saying."
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聽那些甲蟲在說什麼。」
00:24
I would spend hours and hours
listening to the little beetle
listening to the little beetle
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我會花上數小時聽那些小甲蟲
00:29
rolling a huge ball of dung,
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滾動巨大的糞球，
00:31
and while at it,
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並在此時，
00:33
I heard a variety of environmental sounds.
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我聽到環境裡的各種聲音。
00:36
With the keenest of ears,
I would hear family chatter,
I would hear family chatter,
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我有最靈敏的耳朵，
能聽見家人聊天，
能聽見家人聊天，
00:41
laughter,
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有笑聲，
00:43
the wind howling
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風呼嘯，
00:44
and even crickets chirping.
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甚至蟋蟀鳴叫。
00:47
All these sounds crisscrossed
into each other,
into each other,
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這些聲音彼此交雜，
00:50
and I would hear rhythm in between.
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而我能聽見其中的旋律。
00:53
Then I would beat my plate with a spoon
and my chest with my tiny hands
and my chest with my tiny hands
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然後，我會用湯匙敲打餐盤，
用自己的小手搥胸，
用自己的小手搥胸，
00:59
trying to recreate what I was hearing.
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試著複製我聽到的旋律。
01:01
I have been beating the same plates,
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從小到大，我就這樣敲打著盤子、
01:04
shakers, drums, pans
and so much more ever since
and so much more ever since
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沙鈴、鼓、平底鍋等等許多東西，
01:09
to become a professional drummer
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直到我成為專業鼓手
01:11
and percussionist.
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和打擊樂手。
01:13
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
01:18
As I grew up, subconsciously,
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當我長大，下意識的，
01:20
I felt a strong urge
to hide my newfound hobby.
to hide my newfound hobby.
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我強烈覺得要隱藏剛發覺的興趣。
01:25
Even without it being said out loud,
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即使沒被大聲說出來，
01:27
I knew that somehow
it was wrong to do what I was doing.
it was wrong to do what I was doing.
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我隱隱覺得我做的事情是不對的。
01:32
In most of the ceremonies,
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在多數的典禮中，
01:34
I noticed that most of the women
and girls were not in sight,
and girls were not in sight,
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我發現，女人和女孩不會參加，
01:38
but when they were,
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但當她們參加時，
01:40
I noticed that they would wear
their dancing skirts
their dancing skirts
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我發現她們會穿著舞裙
01:42
and shake their waists off,
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擺動著腰，
01:45
singing, clapping, ululating,
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唱歌、拍手、叫喊，
01:48
while the men filled up
the rhythm section.
the rhythm section.
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而男性則加入了節奏。
01:52
A few years later, I came to understand
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幾年後，我了解到
01:55
what tradition and culture meant,
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傳統和文化是什麼，
01:58
and what was considered taboo
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以及哪些是禁忌，
02:00
or otherwise.
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哪些不是。
02:03
In the majority of African cultures,
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在大部分非洲文化裡，
02:06
women have been forbidden
to play drums and percussion
to play drums and percussion
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女人被禁止演奏鼓和打擊樂器
02:08
for a very long time.
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已經很久了，
02:11
I believe this taboo stems from
the psychological and traditional belief
the psychological and traditional belief
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我相信這個禁忌是基於
心理及傳統上的觀念，
心理及傳統上的觀念，
02:17
that the woman is an inferior being.
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認為女人是次級的。
02:20
I grew up hearing that the place
of the woman is in the kitchen
of the woman is in the kitchen
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從小我就聽到屬於女人的地方是廚房
02:24
or in the other room.
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或那個房間，
02:28
Mhm?
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沒錯。
02:29
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
02:32
Women had been brainwashed
and led on for so long
and led on for so long
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女人不斷被洗腦及被引導，
02:35
until we had fallen victim and actually
started believing in this ourselves.
started believing in this ourselves.
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到最後我們變成受害者，
並開始打從心裡相信這是事實。
並開始打從心裡相信這是事實。
02:41
This, coupled with the lack
of interest to educate women,
of interest to educate women,
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這個觀念加上缺乏對女性教育的興趣，
02:45
played a major, major role
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深深地刻在了我們的腦海裡。
02:47
in etching this into our minds.
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02:50
The sounds of the drum
provoke emotion and movement.
provoke emotion and movement.
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鼓聲激發情緒和動作，
02:53
Essentially, the drum
is a very sensual instrument.
is a very sensual instrument.
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其實鼓是非常撩人的樂器。
02:57
Once at a festival, a man asked me
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某次節慶中，一個男人問，
02:59
how I dared put a drum in between my legs.
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我怎麼敢把鼓夾在雙腿間？
03:03
I have been considered loose and dirty
for playing an instrument.
for playing an instrument.
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為了演奏樂器，我被認為是
輕浮的和骯髒的。
輕浮的和骯髒的。
03:09
I have repeatedly been questioned
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我反覆被問，
03:12
why I would choose to play drums
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為何選擇打鼓，
03:14
instead of practicing journalism,
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而非新聞工作？
03:16
which I studied for my undergraduate,
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那是我大學的主修項目，
03:19
which has been termed "more decent."
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大家普遍認為是「更體面」的工作。
03:24
The sight of a woman
playing drums enfeebles her,
playing drums enfeebles her,
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女人打鼓，會讓她變弱，
03:27
makes her less feminine,
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失去女人味，
03:30
less desirable,
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失去吸引力，
03:32
but all this optimally
puts her on a lower social stand.
puts her on a lower social stand.
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最終讓她處於較低的社會地位。
03:38
Drumming has essentially represented
the strong African heritage,
the strong African heritage,
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打鼓是很突出的非洲文化遺產，
03:42
and its importance can be seen
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其重要性在非洲傳統的
許多面向顯而易見。
許多面向顯而易見。
03:43
in the many aspects
of the African tradition.
of the African tradition.
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03:46
Many communities encompass drumming
in their day-to-day activities,
in their day-to-day activities,
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許多社區將打擊樂融入日常生活，
03:51
and still do up to date,
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直到現在都是，
03:53
from childbirths to initiation ceremonies,
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從出生到成人儀式、
03:57
welcoming ceremonies,
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歡迎慶典、
03:59
marriages and even burials.
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結婚典禮，甚至喪禮。
04:03
However, this same drum
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然而，這個鼓
04:06
is disappearing very fast
from the music scene,
from the music scene,
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正在以非常快的速度退出音樂舞台，
04:09
and the traditional genre
is losing its popularity
is losing its popularity
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而傳統音樂正在快速失去聽眾。
04:12
very quickly amongst the people.
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04:15
Inspired by the need
to preserve this culture,
to preserve this culture,
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深感需要保存這項文化，
04:18
I am teaching the significance
and the importance of the drum
and the importance of the drum
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我開始教授鼓的意義和重要性，
04:21
to young boys, women and girls.
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對象包括男孩、女人和女孩。
04:25
In my journey as a percussion teacher,
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在做打擊樂老師的過程中，
04:27
I have realized that very many women
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我了解到很多女人
04:30
actually want to play the drum,
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其實很想打鼓，
04:32
but at the same time,
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但同時
04:34
they fear it.
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她們又害怕。
04:36
Some fear how society will perceive them.
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有些人害怕社會對她們的觀感；
04:39
Others fear the physical pain
that comes with playing.
that comes with playing.
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有些人害怕打擊時
帶來生理上的疼痛。
帶來生理上的疼痛。
04:43
Oh yes, it's not that easy.
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當然，這並不容易。
04:46
Some, because their spouses
don't approve of them,
don't approve of them,
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有些人因為她們的丈夫不允許；
04:50
and others generally
fear the responsibility
fear the responsibility
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有些人僅僅害怕被附加上
文化傳承者的責任。
文化傳承者的責任。
04:53
of being a bearer of culture.
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04:56
I believe, or I think that all these fears
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我認為，這些害怕
04:59
are etched in the collective
feminine cautiousness
feminine cautiousness
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根源於社會對女性集體的束縛，
05:02
because when we learn of the atrocities
that have happened to women,
that have happened to women,
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因為當我們了解發生在
女性身上的暴行後——
女性身上的暴行後——
05:07
continentally especially,
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特別是在非洲大陸——
05:09
it serves as a constant reminder
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那暴行時常提醒女性，
05:11
that one step out of our designated place
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只要你再跨一步超過界線，
05:15
may end up in very serious consequences.
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就會造成非常嚴重的後果。
05:22
Well, I use my drum to tell my story
and my people's stories.
and my people's stories.
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我用鼓來說我和我族群的故事，
05:28
My roots shaped me
and my culture is here to stay with me.
and my culture is here to stay with me.
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我的過去形塑我，
而我的文化伴隨我。
而我的文化伴隨我。
05:32
Women can be custodians of culture, too.
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女性也可以成為文化的守護者。
05:35
We are born to bring forth life,
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我們天生能孕育生命，
05:38
to nurture it.
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滋養生命，
05:40
We can definitely preserve our traditions
very, very excellently.
very, very excellently.
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我們絕對能將我們的傳統
保護得非常好。
保護得非常好。
05:45
My drum and I,
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我的鼓和我，
05:47
we are here to stay.
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我們會成為風尚。
05:49
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
05:54
We are definitely here to stay.
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我們絕對會成為風尚。
05:58
If women have led countries,
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如果女性能領導國家，
06:01
women have gone to space,
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女性能上太空，
06:03
women have won Grammys,
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女性能贏得葛萊梅獎，
06:05
then the same, same women
can play the drum
can play the drum
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那相同的，女性也可以打鼓，
06:09
and play it -- to a five-star rating?
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而且可以打得很出色，五星級？
06:12
No, to a million-star rating.
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不，是百萬星級。
06:15
Thank you.
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謝謝。
06:16
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
06:29
(Chiming)
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（風鈴聲）
06:35
(Metallic drumming)
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（鈸聲）
06:55
(Chiming)
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（風鈴聲）
07:03
(Rattling)
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（窸窣聲）
07:34
(Drumming)
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（鼓聲）
12:23
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kasiva Mutua - Drummer, percussionistKasiva Mutua is working to elevate the place of the African woman in music.
Why you should listen
Jackline Kasiva Mutua is an internationally touring drummer and percussionist based in Nairobi, Kenya. Her performance style is influenced by afrobeat, zouk, samba, reggae and soul. As a young drummer, Mutua learned traditional drums from her grandmother and continues to perpetuate her heritage and celebrate her community’s spirit.
Kasiva Mutua | Speaker | TED.com