TED2019
Anthony Veneziale: "Stumbling towards intimacy": An improvised TED Talk
安東尼·韋內西爾: 「跌跌撞撞邁向親密」：即興 TED 演說
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在這場好笑、完全即興演出的演說中，即興大師安東尼·韋內西爾（Anthony Veneziale）將一場真正獨一無二的表演帶上 TED 舞台。他的演説是基於觀眾提議的主題（「跌跌撞撞邁向親密」），還有一堆他之前都沒看過的投影片，韋內西爾為觀衆帶來一場介於愛、語言、以及……酪梨（？）間的冥思。
Anthony Veneziale - Improvisor, facilitator, teacher
Anthony Veneziale is a leader in the field of improvisation and teaching, with over 25 years of improv performances around the globe. Full bio
Anthony Veneziale is a leader in the field of improvisation and teaching, with over 25 years of improv performances around the globe. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
〔這是一場即興演說（及介紹），
基於觀眾提議的主題。
基於觀眾提議的主題。
00:12
[This is an improvised talk (and intro)
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00:14
based on a suggested topic
from the audience.
from the audience.
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00:16
The speaker doesn't know
the content of the slides.]
the content of the slides.]
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講者不知道投影片的內容。〕
00:20
Moderator: Our next speaker --
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主持人：我們的下一位講者——
00:21
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
00:27
is an --
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是一位——
00:30
incredibly --
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相當——
00:34
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
00:36
Is an incredibly experienced linguist
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是一位相當有經驗的語言學家，
00:39
working at a lab at MIT
with a small group of researchers,
with a small group of researchers,
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他在麻省理工學院的實驗室
與一小群研究者合作，
與一小群研究者合作，
透過研究我們的語言，
00:43
and through studying our language
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00:45
and the way that we communicate
with other people,
with other people,
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以及我們與他人溝通的方式，
00:48
he has stumbled upon
the secret of human intimacy.
the secret of human intimacy.
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他偶然發現了人類親密感的秘密。
00:52
Here to give us his perspective,
please welcome to the stage,
please welcome to the stage,
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他來這裡和我們分享
他獨特的見解，讓我們歡迎
他獨特的見解，讓我們歡迎
安東尼·韋內西爾
(Anthony Veneziale)
(Anthony Veneziale)
00:55
Anthony Veneziale.
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00:56
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
01:05
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:10
Anthony Veneziale: You might think
I know what you're going through.
I know what you're going through.
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安東尼·韋內西爾：你們可能
以爲我通曉你們的感受。
以爲我通曉你們的感受。
你們可能看著站在紅點上的我，
01:14
You might be looking at me
here on the red dot,
here on the red dot,
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01:17
or you might be looking
at me on the screen.
at me on the screen.
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或者你們可能在看著螢幕上的我。
01:20
There's a one sixth of a second delay.
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有六分之一秒的延遲。
01:24
Did I catch myself? I did.
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我能看到我自己嗎？當然。
01:27
I could see myself before I turned,
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我可以看見轉身之前的我，
01:30
and that small delay
creates a little bit of a divide.
creates a little bit of a divide.
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那一點點的延遲
創造出一點點的誤差。
創造出一點點的誤差。
01:35
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:39
And a divide is exactly what happens
with human language,
with human language,
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同樣的誤差也出現在人類的語言中，
01:44
and the processing of that language.
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以及我們處理那些語言的過程。
01:47
I of course am working
out of a small lab at MIT.
out of a small lab at MIT.
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當然，我的工作不僅是在
麻省理工學院的小實驗室。
麻省理工學院的小實驗室。
01:52
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:54
And we are scraping
for every insight that we can get.
for every insight that we can get.
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我們盡可能剖析
我們能取得的所有洞見。
我們能取得的所有洞見。
01:58
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:59
This is not often associated
with a computational challenge,
with a computational challenge,
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這通常不會和計算挑戰有關，
02:04
but in this case,
we found that persistence of vision
we found that persistence of vision
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但在這個案例中，
我們發現，對遠景的堅持
我們發現，對遠景的堅持
02:08
and auditory intake
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以及聽覺的接收，
02:11
actually have more in common
than we ever realized,
than we ever realized,
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有相當多共通性，超乎我們所知，
02:15
and we can see it in this first slide.
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我們在這第一張
投影片上就可以看到。
投影片上就可以看到。
02:17
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
02:21
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
02:25
Immediately your processing goes to,
"Is that a hard-boiled egg?"
"Is that a hard-boiled egg?"
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馬上，你的大腦就會開始思索
「這是一顆全熟的水煮蛋嗎？」
「這是一顆全熟的水煮蛋嗎？」
02:29
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
02:31
"Is that perhaps the structural
integrity of the egg
integrity of the egg
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「有可能是因為
那顆蛋的結構完整性
那顆蛋的結構完整性
02:36
being able to sustain
the weight of what seems to be a rock?
the weight of what seems to be a rock?
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讓它可以承受那看似石頭的重量？
02:39
Aha, is it in fact a real rock?"
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啊哈，那是真的石頭嗎？」
02:43
We go to questions
when we see visual information.
when we see visual information.
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看到這樣的畫面時
我們會產生很多疑問。
我們會產生很多疑問。
02:48
But when we hear information,
this is what happens.
this is what happens.
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但，如果我們是聼到時，
就會發生這種狀況。
就會發生這種狀況。
（笑聲）
02:53
(Laughter)
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02:56
The floodgates in our mind
open much like the streets of Shanghai.
open much like the streets of Shanghai.
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我們大腦的防洪閘門
會像上海的街道一樣開啟。
會像上海的街道一樣開啟。
03:01
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
03:05
So many pieces of information to process,
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有這麼多資訊要處理，
03:08
so many ideas, concepts, feelings
and, of course, vulnerabilities
and, of course, vulnerabilities
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有這麼多想法、概念、感受，
當然，還有我們通常
不願分享的脆弱。
不願分享的脆弱。
03:12
that we don't often wish to share.
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03:14
And so we hide,
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所以我們會躲起來，
03:16
and we hide behind what we like to call
the floodgate of intimacy.
the floodgate of intimacy.
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我們會躲在我們所謂的
親密感防洪閘門後面。
親密感防洪閘門後面。
03:20
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
03:22
And what might that floodgate be holding?
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那防洪閘門是在擋著什麼？
03:25
What is the dike upon which it is built?
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它建在哪個堤防上？
03:28
Well, first off --
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嗯，首先——
03:30
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
03:36
we found that it's different
for six different genotypes.
for six different genotypes.
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我們發現，六種基因型
都有不同的狀況。
都有不同的狀況。
03:40
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
03:49
And, of course, we can start
categorizing these genotypes
categorizing these genotypes
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當然，我們可以
將這些基因型做分類，
將這些基因型做分類，
03:52
into a neuronormative experience
and a neurodiverse experience.
and a neurodiverse experience.
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分為神經規範型經歷
及神經多樣型經歷。
及神經多樣型經歷。
03:57
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
03:59
On the right-hand side of the screen,
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在大屏幕的右手邊，
04:01
you're seeing spikes
for the neurodiverse thinking.
for the neurodiverse thinking.
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可以看到神經多樣型思考的峰值。
04:04
Now, there are generally
only two emotional states
only two emotional states
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通常，神經多樣型大腦
只能針對兩種情緒狀態，
只能針對兩種情緒狀態，
04:06
that a neurodiverse brain can tabulate
and keep count of at any given time,
and keep count of at any given time,
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在任何時間點
做成表格並清楚計數，
做成表格並清楚計數，
04:12
thereby eliminating the possibility
for them to be emotionally, sometimes,
for them to be emotionally, sometimes,
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因此，它們就不可能會
針對現在的情況
來做情緒上的調適。
來做情緒上的調適。
04:18
attuned to the present situation.
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04:20
But on the left-hand side,
you can see the neuronormative brain,
you can see the neuronormative brain,
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但，看看左手邊的
神經規範型大腦，
神經規範型大腦，
04:24
which can often handle
about five different pieces
about five different pieces
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它們通常在任何時間都可以
處理五種不同的情緒認知資訊。
04:27
of emotional cognitive information
at any given time.
at any given time.
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04:30
These are the slight variances
that you are seeing
that you are seeing
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各位可以看到，75%、90%，
和 60% 的部分有些微小的不同，
04:33
in the 75, 90 and 60 percentile,
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04:36
and then of course
that dramatic difference
that dramatic difference
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且，當然，在 25%、40%，
和 35% 的部分有巨大的差異。
和 35% 的部分有巨大的差異。
04:38
of the 25, 40 and 35 percentile.
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（笑聲）
04:40
(Laughter)
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04:41
But of course, what is the neural network
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但，到底是什麼神經網路在協助
04:43
that is helping to bridge and build
these different discrepancies?
these different discrepancies?
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橋接和建立這些不同的差異？
04:50
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
04:59
Fear.
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恐懼。
05:00
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
05:02
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
05:08
And as we all know,
fear resides in the amygdala,
fear resides in the amygdala,
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我們都知道，
恐懼位於杏仁核當中，
恐懼位於杏仁核當中，
05:11
and it is a very natural response,
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它是一種很自然的反應，
05:13
and it is very closely linked
with visual perception.
with visual perception.
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它和視覺感知有非常密切的關聯。
05:17
It is not as closely linked
with verbal perception,
with verbal perception,
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但與言語感知的關係就沒這麼密切，
05:21
so our fear receptors
often will be going off
often will be going off
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所以，我們的恐懼接收器
會響起警報的時間，
會響起警報的時間，
05:24
in advance of any of our cognitive usage
around verbal and words
around verbal and words
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通常會早於我們對於
言辭和文字的認知使用
05:30
and cues of language.
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以及語言提示。
05:32
So as we see these fear moments,
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當我們看到這些恐懼時刻時，
05:35
we of course are taken aback.
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當然我們會措手不及。
05:38
We stumble in a certain direction,
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我們會跌跌撞撞邁向某個特定方向，
05:42
generally away from the intimacy.
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通常是遠離親密的那個方向。
05:45
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
05:47
Now of course, there's a difference
between the male perception
between the male perception
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當然，男性感知和女性感知
之間是有差別的，
之間是有差別的，
05:50
and the female perception
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05:52
and of trans and those who are in between,
all of those as well,
all of those as well,
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還有變性人以及在兩性
中間的人，也會有所不同，
中間的人，也會有所不同，
05:56
and outside of the gender spectrum.
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還有在性別光譜之外的人。
05:58
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
06:01
But fear is the central
underlying underpinning
underlying underpinning
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但，恐懼是我們所有反應系統
06:05
of all of our response systems.
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背後的中心基礎。
06:07
Fight-or-flight is one of the earliest,
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「要打還是要逃」是我們對於環境
06:11
some say reptilian,
response to our environment.
response to our environment.
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最早期的反應，
有人說是類似爬蟲類的反應。
有人說是類似爬蟲類的反應。
06:15
How can we disengage or unhook ourselves
from the horns of the amygdala?
from the horns of the amygdala?
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我們要如何將我們自己
從杏仁核的牛角上解套？
從杏仁核的牛角上解套？
06:20
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
06:22
Well, I'd like to tell you
the secret right now.
the secret right now.
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現在我想跟大家說一個秘密。
06:25
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
06:33
This is all making
much, much too much sense.
much, much too much sense.
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這一切都太太太合理了。
06:36
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
06:40
The secret lies
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秘密在於，
06:43
in turning our backs to one another,
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我們背棄彼此，
06:46
and I know that that sounds
absolutely like the opposite
absolutely like the opposite
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我知道那聽起來
和各位所預期的完全相反，
06:50
of what you were expecting,
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06:52
but when in a relationship
you turn your back to your partner
you turn your back to your partner
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但，我的意思是在一段關係中，
當你轉身背向你的另一半，
當你轉身背向你的另一半，
06:56
and place your back upon their back --
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將你的背靠在另一半的背上——
06:59
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
07:02
you eliminate visual cues.
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你就看不到另一半
給你的任何暗示了。
給你的任何暗示了。
07:04
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
07:05
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
07:10
You are more readily available
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你已經更準備好了，
願意先失敗，
07:13
to failing first,
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07:17
and failing first --
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而先失敗——
（笑聲）
07:19
(Laughter)
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07:21
far outweighs the lengths we go to
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它的重要性遠超過
我們為了在外表
吸引他人、吸引另一半、
吸引他人、吸引另一半、
07:27
to appeal to others,
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07:29
to our partners and to ourselves.
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吸引自己所付出的努力。
07:32
We spend billions and billions of dollars
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我們花了數十億美元
07:35
on clothing, on makeup,
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去買衣服、化妝品、
07:38
on the latest trend of glasses,
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當下最流行的眼鏡，
07:42
but what we don't spend money and time on
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但我們卻不把金錢和時間花在
07:45
is connecting with each other
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連結彼此，
且是用真誠、誠實的方式來連結，
07:48
in a way that is truthful
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07:50
and honest
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把所謂視覺上的感受器都拆除。
07:52
and stripped of those visual receptors.
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（掌聲）
07:54
(Applause)
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08:00
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
08:02
It sounds hard, doesn't it?
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聽起來很難，是嗎？
08:04
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
08:13
But we want to be aggressive about this.
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但在這方面我們需要主動。
08:17
We don't want to just sit on the couch.
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我們不想只是坐在沙發上。
如今天早先一位歷史學家所言，
08:20
As a historian said earlier today,
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08:22
it's important to get up
and circumvent sometimes that couch.
and circumvent sometimes that couch.
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很重要的是要站起來，
有時要繞過那張沙發。
有時要繞過那張沙發。
08:28
And how can we do it?
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我們要如何才能做到？是的，
08:29
Well yes, ice is a big part of it.
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冰是很重要的一部分。
08:34
Insights, compassion and empathy:
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洞見（I）、同情心（C），
以及同理心（E）：
以及同理心（E）：
08:37
I, C, E.
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就是冰（ICE）。
08:39
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
08:51
And when we start using this ice method,
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當我們開始用這個「冰」法，
08:56
well, the possibilities become
much bigger than us.
much bigger than us.
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我們的可能性就會變得比我們還大。
09:01
In fact, they become smaller than you.
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事實上，它們變得比你還小。
09:06
On a molecular level,
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在分子層級，
09:08
I believe that that insight
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我相信那種洞見
09:12
is the unifying theme
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就是你在 TED 目前看到的
每一場演說的統一主題，
每一場演說的統一主題，
09:13
for every talk you have seen so far at TED
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這個主題也會繼續下去，
09:16
and will continue as we of course embark
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伴隨我們的這段旅程，
09:20
on this journey here on this tiny planet,
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走在這小星球上、
09:25
on the ledge, on the precipice,
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走在突岩上，走在斷崖上，
我們都知道，是的，
沒人逃得過死亡。
沒人逃得過死亡。
09:28
as we are seeing, yes,
death is inevitable.
death is inevitable.
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09:32
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
09:34
Will it meet all of us at the same time,
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死神會同時找上我們嗎？
09:37
I think, is the variable we are inquiring.
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我想，這是我們在探究的變數。
09:39
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
09:46
I think that timeline gets a bit longer
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我想，時間表可以拉得更長一點，
只要我們能用「冰」法，
並讓我們能靠著彼此的背相互依靠，
並讓我們能靠著彼此的背相互依靠，
09:49
when we use ice
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09:50
and when we rest our backs
upon one another
upon one another
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09:55
and build together,
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一同建造，
09:57
leaving behind the fear
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拋下恐懼，
09:59
and working towards --
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努力向著——
10:01
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
10:14
they'll edit this part out --
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他們後製會把這段剪掉——
10:15
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
10:20
a ripened experience of love,
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成熟可口的美味體驗，體驗愛、
10:24
compassion,
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同情心、
10:26
intimacy based on a truth
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親密感，且立基在
你的分享來自你的心靈之眼，
10:28
that you are sharing from your mind's eye
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10:32
and the heart that we all can touch,
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以及我們都能觸及的内心，
10:36
tactilely feel,
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能觸覺到，
10:38
have maybe potentially a mushy experience
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會有一種也許有些模糊的體驗，
10:42
that we don't just throw out
because it is browned,
because it is browned,
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我們不會因為
它變成了褐色就把它丟掉，
它變成了褐色就把它丟掉，
10:47
but let us slice in half
the experience we have gathered,
the experience we have gathered,
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但，讓我們
把我們收集起來的體驗一分爲二，
10:53
let us seed what the heart, the core,
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讓我們播下種子，我們每個人
內在想法的核心種子，
內在想法的核心種子，
10:56
the seed of that idea in each of us is,
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10:59
and let us share it back to back.
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並讓我們背對背分享它。
11:01
Thank you very much.
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非常謝謝。
11:02
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Anthony Veneziale - Improvisor, facilitator, teacherAnthony Veneziale is a leader in the field of improvisation and teaching, with over 25 years of improv performances around the globe.
Why you should listen
Anthony Veneziale cofounded Speechless with Sammy Wegent and Scott Lifton, using improv thinking to help people be themselves and be heard. He has used improv techniques for endeavors with Lin-Manuel Miranda (Hamilton, In The Heights, The Electric Company), Daveed Diggs (The Freeze) and on numerous networks like HBO, TBS, MTV, Nickelodeon and PBS. Veneziale co-founded "Freestyle Love Supreme," an improvised, hip hop, live musical performance with Lin-Manuel Miranda and Thomas Kail, which will appear on Broadway in the fall of 2019.
Anthony Veneziale | Speaker | TED.com