TED2009
Yann Arthus-Bertrand: A wide-angle view of fragile Earth
Yann Arthus-Bertrand：用廣角捕捉脆弱的地球
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在這個運用了大量圖片的演講中，Yann Arthus-Bertrand 展示了他最近對於人文和人類棲息地 — 地球的三個主要專題研究 — 第一個：「鳥瞰地球」，是他一系列驚人的空拍照片；其次「60億人的聲音」是在他的網頁中，他記錄在世界各地訪談不同人所得到的回答；第三個則是他不久即將要發行的電影《家園》，經由驚人的影片內容紀錄人類對環境的衝擊。
Yann Arthus-Bertrand - Photographer
With photography, Yann Arthus-Bertrand has captured the beauty of the Earth. Through video and film, his latest projects bind together ecology and humanism. For him, it's all about living together. Full bio
With photography, Yann Arthus-Bertrand has captured the beauty of the Earth. Through video and film, his latest projects bind together ecology and humanism. For him, it's all about living together. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
I have a big impact on the planet
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我對地球造成很大的傷害，
00:16
to travel here by plane.
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因為我是坐飛機來此的。
00:19
I emitted, in the atmosphere, nine tons of CO2;
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光是這趟飛行，我已在空氣中排放了九噸二氧化碳，
00:26
that is the weight of two elephants.
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這相當於兩隻大象的重量。
00:29
I came here to speak about ecology,
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我來這裏本是為了談談生態問題，
00:32
and I emitted as much CO2
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但我來此的過程中所排放的二氧化碳含量
00:35
as a Frenchman in one year.
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卻已與一個法國人一年所排放的二氧化碳量相等。
00:38
So what do I have to do?
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那我應該如何是好？
00:40
I have to kill a Frenchman when I come back at home?
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當我回到家時我得殺個法國人來謝罪。
00:42
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
00:44
I have to do my carbon offset in another way,
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我應該做一些有意義的事，來抵免我來此多消耗的二氧化碳，
00:47
like I do every time.
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我每次都是這樣做的。
00:49
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
00:52
In fact my work is to show
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事實上，我來此的目的就是向各位展示
00:57
our impact on our planet.
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人類對地球的影響。
01:01
I'm going to show you some examples
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我會給各位看一些例子。
01:03
of the last pictures I've done
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上面的照片，
01:05
in the last year.
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是我去年所拍攝的
01:09
Alberta sand oil, a lot of pollution.
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亞伯達省 (Alberta) 的油砂，一個大汙染源。
01:14
You know the problem;
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大家都知道這問題，
01:16
we don't want to believe what we know.
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但我們卻選擇漠視我們所知道的事實。
01:22
In Alberta people work nonstop,
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在亞伯達省，人們一天 24 小時不斷的在工作，
01:25
24 hours by seven
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每七小時一班輪替，
01:28
to extract as much oil
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為的就是竭盡所能
01:30
as they can.
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的抽取石油。
01:32
We know about the end of oil.
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我們都知道石油終將衰竭，
01:35
Oil sand is not a long-term solution.
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油砂終究不是一個長期的解決辦法。
01:39
But we use three times more oil
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但我們的石油使用量
01:43
than we find every year.
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每年開採量的三倍。
01:45
We don't want to believe what we know.
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我們就是不願承認這個事實，
01:47
Deny.
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拒絕相信事實。
01:49
Coral reef in New Caledonia.
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這是新赫里多尼亞的珊瑚礁群。
01:53
100 percent of the coral
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該地的珊瑚礁群
01:56
may be wiped out before 2050
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很有可能在 2050 年前就因為全球暖化
01:59
because of global warming.
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而全部滅絕了。
02:01
And you know how coral are very sensitive to temperature,
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我們知道珊瑚對溫度非常敏感，
02:05
and are very important for the biodiversity of the sea.
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而對海洋的多樣性，珊瑚扮演非常關鍵的角色。
02:11
North Pole. I've done this picture last summer.
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這是北極，我在去年夏天拍攝了這張照片。
02:15
It was impossible to do this picture 15 years ago.
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這在 15 年前是根本做不到的。
02:19
Now there is a new way open between Atlantic and Pacific.
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現在這兒有一條航道可以接通大西洋和太平洋。
02:25
The thickness of the Arctic
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自從 1960 年起，
02:29
decreased more than 40 percent
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北極冰層的厚度
02:32
since 1960.
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已減少超過百分之四十以上。
02:37
There is a new face of Kilimanjaro without ice.
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這是看不到雪頂的吉力馬札羅山。
02:41
Sad picture.
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真是令人感傷的圖片啊！
02:43
It lost 80 percent of its ice.
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它已失去了百分之八十的冰。
02:46
According to scientists,
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據科學家估計，
02:48
in 100 years
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未來一百年內，
02:51
all the mountain glacier will be gone.
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所有高山的冰河都會消失殆盡。
02:54
Glaciers are very important for the life on earth.
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冰河對地球上的生命來說很重要。
02:58
Like Al Gore told you,
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正如阿爾•高爾所說，
03:00
two billion people live on the water
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全球有 20 億人的生活用水
03:02
from the glacier of Himalaya.
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是依靠喜馬拉雅山系的冰河。
03:05
Return of fish men.
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再回到漁夫這個題目，
03:07
One fifth of human kind
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五分之一的人類
03:12
depend on fish to live.
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是依靠魚而生活。
03:15
Today now 70 percent
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現今百分之七十
03:19
of the fish stock are over-exploited.
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漁業資源被過度開發
03:22
According to FAO,
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根據聯合國糧食及農業組織，
03:26
if we don't change our system of fishing
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如果我們不改變我們的捕魚作業，
03:29
the main sea resources will be gone in 2050.
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於 2050 年，海上的主要資源將會消失。
03:33
We don't want to believe what we know.
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我們還是對此視而不見、聽而不聞。
03:37
The beautiful picture, by [unclear] in Africa.
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這是幅美麗的照片是由某某（聽不清楚）攝於非洲。
03:42
One human of six
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世界上每六個人裡就有一個人
03:44
have not enough to eat in the world.
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沒有足夠的食物。 也就説全世界
03:47
One billion people have not enough to eat.
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就有十億人沒有足夠的食物。
03:50
In Africa, corn is one of the main foods in many places.
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在非洲，玉米是許多地方的主要食品之一。
03:56
Here in America,
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在美國，
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90 percent of the corn cultivated
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百分之九十種植的玉米
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is used to feed animals or to do oil.
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都是用來餵養動物或者是當作燃油。
04:07
Palm tree plantation in Borneo.
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在婆羅洲棕櫚樹種植園，
04:11
Every year we lose 50 thousand square miles in deforestation.
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每一年，五萬平方英里的森林面積隨風而逝。
04:21
Refugee camp in Darfur.
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這是達爾富爾的難民營。
04:24
Today we have 20 million refugees in the world.
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今天，於世界上共有兩千萬難民。
04:28
According to the U.N.,
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根據聯合國，
04:30
we speak about 250 million refugees
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在 2050 年，
04:33
in 2050.
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將會有兩億五千萬名難民。
04:39
I always show my pictures in the street.
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我總是在街頭展示我的照片。
04:42
We have done already 100 exhibitions in the cities.
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我們已經在一百個城市裡舉辦了攝影展。
04:45
But how to understand the world
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但是如果人們沒有機會傳達他們的心聲，
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without the voice of people?
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是不可能理解這個世界的。
04:52
Landscape was not enough.
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光是看一些風景照片是遠遠不夠的。
04:55
It was obvious to me to do another work.
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很明顯我必要採行其他的方法。
04:58
I launched a project named Six Billion Others.
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我發起了一個名為「其他60億人的聲音」的計畫
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I sent around the world six cameramen
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我派六個攝影團隊到世界各地
05:06
asking the same question,
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問一些同樣的問題。
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the same crucial question,
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這些重要的問題，
05:11
about life.
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都和生活息息相關
05:13
We have done five thousand interviews.
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我們已經完成了五千次訪談。
05:16
I'm going to show you this.
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我在這裡向你們展示一下成果。
05:24
Man: The most beautiful thing that has happened to me in life?
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男人：我生命中最美好的事情是什麼？
05:27
It's when my dad told me, "Here, I give you this girl as your fiance."
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那是當我父親告訴我：「過來，我把這個女孩給許配給你。」
05:34
Woman: Love? Love is nice if you can have it.
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女人：愛？愛是人類所能擁有的最美好事物。
05:38
Second Man: Romeo and Juliet, Sassi and Panno, Dodi and Diana, Heer and Ranjha,
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第二個男人：羅密歐與茱麗葉，Sassi and Panno，多迪和戴安娜王妃，Heer and Ranjha， 這就是愛情！
05:41
this is love! Third Man: My greatest fear is ...
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這就是愛情！（第三個男人：我最大的恐懼是...）
05:44
Woman: You're asking me a hard question.
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女人：你問的問題真難以回答啊！。
05:46
Fourth Man: I live happily because what else should I do?
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第四個男人：我生活得很幸福，因為該做的事情都做完了
05:49
Fifth Man: The first thing I remember ... (Sixth Man: That's how I learned, by my mother,)
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第五個男人：我首先想到的是... （第六個男人：我從我母親身上學到的是，）
05:53
Fifth Man: ... from my childhood, (Sixth Man: that you should respect humans.)
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第五個男人：...從我還是個小孩開始， （第六個男人：因此我們人類應該彼此尊重。）
05:56
Fifth Man: we were having fun, biking. (Sixth Man: I will never forget those words.)
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第五個男人：我們一起騎自行車，真是快樂啊。 （第六個男人：我永遠不會忘記這些句。）
05:59
Seventh Man: We invented stories, we flew around the world, while remaining in our attic.
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第七個男人：雖然身處閣樓裏，我們藉著自己創造故事，使心靈飛往世界各地
06:05
Eighth Man: I had a big laugh today.
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第八個男人：今天我捧腹大笑。
06:07
Ninth Man: You see, family is ... it's awful.
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第九個男人：你知道嗎，家庭...真是個糟糕的東西。
06:12
10th Man: In the word life, you have the life.
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第十個男人：在各種生活方式中，你有你自己獨特的型式。
06:14
11th Man: Who am I? Isn't that the biggest question?
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第十一個男人：我是誰？這是頭等重要的問題？
06:20
12th Man: If I was to go back to Iraq
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第十二個男人：如果我可以回到伊拉克，
06:22
and speak to the people,
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我想對那裏的人民說，
06:24
I'd have to bow down and kiss their feet.
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我得跪下來，親吻他們的腳來請求寬恕。
06:26
Just as that woman tried to kiss my feet
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就如同當初一個伊拉克女人想吻我的腳，
06:29
when we were taking her sons.
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求我不要帶走她的的孩子一樣。
06:33
I feel ashamed.
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我感到慚愧，
06:36
And I feel humbled
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我感到謙卑。
06:38
by their strength.
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因為我感受到他們親情之愛所散發出來的力量。
06:40
And I will forever feel a need
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我一直都覺得有必要
06:43
to make reparations to Iraq.
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向伊拉克作出賠償。
06:50
Second Woman: Dad, Mom, I grew up.
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第二個女人：爸爸、媽媽，我長大了。
06:54
You shouldn't worry about me. Dad doesn't need to go to work.
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所以你們不用擔心我。爸爸也不用再工作了。
06:59
My family ... What can I say?
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我的家...怎麼說呢？
07:03
At the moment, my family is very poor,
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不瞞大家說，我的家很貧窮，
07:06
my life here in Shenzhen is just about showing myself that I can earn more
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來到深圳這裏，我只是想展現自己有賺更多錢的能力。 讓父母去嘗試到很富裕的感覺吧？
07:14
and to let my parents stay and have something to live on.
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讓父母有富裕的感覺吧？
07:18
I don't want them to spend their whole lives in poverty.
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我不想讓他們一生都在貧窮生活下度過
07:24
If someday I can achieve something, I would like to say thank you daddy and mommy.
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如果哪一天我能成功，我第一要感謝的就是我的父母。我要對他們說：爸爸，媽媽，
07:34
Thank you.
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謝謝你們。
07:37
Thank you for having fed me and raised me,
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謝謝你們的養育與栽培，
07:40
and for making my life of today. Thank you.
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才會讓我有今天。謝謝你們。
07:46
13th Man: After seven years now of being in a wheelchair,
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第十三個男人：我已在輪椅中度過七年的時光，
07:49
I've done more in life being in a chair
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我在輪椅上所完成的人生重要事項
07:52
than out of a chair.
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比我在輪椅外所完成的事情還多，
07:54
I still surf. I sail the world. I freedive.
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我至今仍在然衝浪、航遊世界及潛水，
07:58
After many people said I couldn't do that.
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儘管許多人說我不可能再做這些運動了 但我證明我能。
08:03
And I think that comes from connecting with nature,
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我認為這一切都歸功於與大自然連結
08:06
connecting with the energy of life,
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，與生命的活力聯繫。
08:09
because we're all disabled in some way on the planet --
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因為在地球上每個人多少都有一些缺陷，
08:11
spiritually, mentally or physically.
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有的是精神上的，有的是心智方面或身體上的缺陷，
08:15
I got the easy part.
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我身體的缺陷只是小攤的啦。
08:20
14th Man: Let's say that you and me like each other.
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第十四個男人：比方說，你我都彼此喜歡。
08:24
You come from elsewhere.
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不管你從哪里來，
08:26
You don't know me. I don't know you.
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雖然你不認識我，我也不認識你，
08:31
We talk without lying.
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但我們必須坦誠相對。
08:33
If I do like you, I give you one cow and many other things
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如果進一步我的確喜歡你。我會給你一頭牛和許多其他東西，
08:38
and we become friends.
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我們就成為朋友的關係。
08:41
How can we make it all by ourselves?
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那我們之間就不應該區別你我了。
09:02
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
09:10
YAB: You can also go to the website,
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伯特蘭：你還可以上這個網站，
09:12
answer -- respond to the questions also.
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也來回答
09:15
Forty crucial questions.
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這 40 個人生重要的問題。
09:17
Now I am going to speak to you about my movie.
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現在我來談談我的電影。
09:20
For the last three years,
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在過去三年，
09:22
I was shooting the earth for the movie.
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我拍攝了一部有關地球的電影。
09:26
The name of the movie is "Home" --
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它的名字為「家園」。
09:29
"Maison."
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「家」。
09:32
It is about the state of the planet.
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它是一部關於地球變化的電影。
09:35
It's a fantastic story of life on the earth.
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它也是一部關於生命旅程很精彩的故事。
09:39
I'm very proud to show you the teaser.
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我很自豪地向你們來展示這預告片。
09:42
Video: This Earth is four and a half billion years old.
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影片：地球已有 45 億年歷史了。
09:55
These plants, several hundred million years old.
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這些植物都已有幾百萬年的歷史，
10:00
And we humans have been walking upright
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然而我們人類能直立步行的歷史
10:03
for only 200 thousand years.
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則僅有廿萬年。
10:08
We've managed to adapt,
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我們已經成功地適應下來，
10:09
and have conquered the whole planet.
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並已經征服了整個地球。
10:15
For generations, we've been raising our children,
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世世代代，我們養育我們的孩子，
10:18
not unlike millions of other species living beside us.
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卻不像在我們身邊賴以生活的數百萬其他物種那樣。
10:24
For the past 30 years
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過去30年裏，
10:26
I've been closely watching the earth and its dwellers
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我有幸從高空仔細觀察
10:29
from high up in the sky.
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地球和它的居住者們。
10:31
Our life is tied to the well-being of our planet.
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我們的生活依賴於我們美好的地球環境。
10:36
We depend on water,
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我們依靠水、
10:39
forests,
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森林、
10:41
deserts,
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沙漠、
10:44
oceans.
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海洋。
10:47
Fishing,
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漁業
10:49
breeding,
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養殖業、
10:51
farming
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農業，
10:53
are still the world's foremost human occupations.
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到現在都還是人類最重要的工作。
10:58
And what binds us together
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地球把我們緊密聯繫在一起的程度，
11:00
is far greater than what divides us.
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遠大於因地理位置所造成的區隔。
11:04
We all share the same need for the earth's gifts --
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我們共同分享地球的資源，
11:09
the same wish to rise above ourselves,
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共同追求超越自身，
11:11
and become better.
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將生活變得更好的期望。
11:16
And yet we carry on raising walls
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然而，我們卻也自築壁壘，
11:18
to keep us apart.
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讓我們彼此分開。
11:21
Today our greatest battle
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今天，我們最大的挑戰是
11:23
is to protect the natural offerings of our planet.
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是如何保護地球的天然資源。
11:26
In less than 50 years
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在不到 50 年裏，
11:28
we've altered it more thoroughly
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人類已經徹底地改變了地球，
11:30
than in the entire history of mankind.
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改變的程度超過過去任何時代。
11:33
Half of the world's forests have vanished.
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世界上一半的森林已經消失，
11:36
Water resources are running low.
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水資源所剩不多，
11:38
Intensive farming is depleting soils.
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集約農業使土壤貧瘠，
11:43
Our energy sources are not sustainable.
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我們現有的能源是不可持續利用的。
11:46
The climate is changing.
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氣候正在發生變化，
11:48
We are endangering ourselves.
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我們正在危害我們自己。
11:51
We're only trying to improve our lives.
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我們只是想改善我們的生活。
11:54
But the wealth gaps are growing wider.
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但是，貧富差距在日益加劇。
11:57
We haven't yet understood
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我們還沒有認識到，
11:59
that we're going at a much faster pace
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地球的承受能力已無法
12:02
than the planet can sustain.
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包容我們的迅速發展。
12:24
We know that solutions are available today.
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我們知道可行的解決方案在哪裡。
12:30
We all have the power to change this trend
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為了更好的未來，我們每個人都有能力來
12:33
for the better.
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改變這惡化趨勢。
12:40
So what are we waiting for?
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因此，我們還等什麼呢？
13:05
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
13:13
YAB: Luc Besson is the producer of the movie.
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伯特蘭：盧貝松是這電影的製片人。
13:17
But it is not a normal movie.
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這部電影和一般的電影不一樣，
13:21
The film is going to be distributed free.
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這部影片將免費發行，
13:26
This film has no copyright.
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它沒有版權。
13:30
On the five of June,
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在六月五日，
13:33
the environment day,
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環境日那一天，
13:36
everybody can download the movie on Internet.
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每個人都可以在網際網路上下載這部電影。
13:40
The film is given for free
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這部影片將免費提供給
13:44
to the distributor for TV and theater
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電視和電影院的經銷商們
13:48
to show it the fifth of June.
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於六月五日當日免費放映。
13:51
There is no business on this movie.
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這部電影未涉入任何商業行為。
13:54
It is also available for school,
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這電影會提供給學校、
13:56
cities, NGOs and you.
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城市、非政府組織和你們。
14:01
We have to believe what we know.
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我們必須相信我們所知道的這一切。
14:05
Let me tell you something.
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我想告訴大家的是，
14:09
It's too late to be pessimistic --
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此時悲觀已經太晚了，
14:12
really too late.
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真的已經太遲了。
14:16
We have all a part of the solutions.
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我們應該要做的是馬上行動，以盡到解決這些問題的責任。
14:23
To finish,
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最後，
14:25
I would like to welcome
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我想歡迎
14:29
the 4,700th baby
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從我開始演講到現在這段期間出生的
14:32
born since the beginning of this talk.
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第 4700 個新生兒。
14:38
Merci beaucoup. I love you.
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謝謝你們（法文）。我愛你們。
14:40
(Applause)
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掌聲
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Yann Arthus-Bertrand - PhotographerWith photography, Yann Arthus-Bertrand has captured the beauty of the Earth. Through video and film, his latest projects bind together ecology and humanism. For him, it's all about living together.
Why you should listen
Yann Arthus-Bertrand is perhaps the best known aerial photographer on the planet. He has sold more than 3 million copies worldwide of his seminal photo essay Earth From Above, a decade-spanning attempt to photograph all the vistas of the planet from the sky, whether by helicopter, hot air balloon, or anything else that flies.
Arthus-Bertrand seeks to uncover the story behind the landscape, not just create a pretty picture. Indeed, his subjects are not always photogenic -- his prints show poverty and strife as well as green tranquility; and everywhere in his work is the encroaching hand of humanity and its enterprise. He keeps close track of the coordinates of his locations, so other photographers may track their progress over time.
His newest project takes a different view -- focusing more closely on the people who live on this planet. Called 6 Billion Others, the project was a centerpiece of Pangea Day 2008.
With Luc Besson, he is working on the feature-length documentary Boomerang, to be shot in 60 countries.
Yann Arthus-Bertrand | Speaker | TED.com