ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil - Astrophysicist
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil studies the structure and dynamics of galaxies to help us understand how they form and evolve.

Why you should listen

Dr. Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil is searching for the most peculiar objects in the Universe. Her research has led to a discovery of an extremely rare galaxy with a unique circular structure, which is now commonly referred to as Burçin's Galaxy. Her work has provided the first description of a double-ringed elliptical galaxy, challenging current theories and assumptions about how the universe works and how galaxies start and evolve.

Mutlu-Pakdil earned her PhD at the University of Minnesota, and her undergraduate degree is from Bilkent University in Turkey. She is currently a postdoctoral research associate at University of Arizona and a 2018 TED Fellow. She spends most of her time searching for hierarchical structure at the scale of dwarf galaxies as a novel test of the Cold Dark Matter paradigm. She uses data gathered in a large range of wavelengths from premier telescopes worldwide and wants to learn more about how the Universe came to be the way it is today.

Mutlu-Pakdil's findings have been featured by CNN, Science Daily, Astronomy Magazine, Independent and MPR News, among many others. Damon Brown wrote in his regular Inc. Magazine online column: “Many organizations are dedicated to filling the STEM pipeline with more girls and women. Others are supporting the cause by being an example. TED Fellow Burçin is representing by being one of the most notable astrophysicists today.”

More profile about the speaker
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil | Speaker | TED.com
TED2018

Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil: A rare galaxy that's challenging our understanding of the universe

Filmed:
2,459,767 views

What's it like to discover a galaxy -- and have it named after you? Astrophysicist and TED Fellow Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil lets us know in this quick talk about her team's surprising discovery of a mysterious new galaxy type.
- Astrophysicist
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil studies the structure and dynamics of galaxies to help us understand how they form and evolve. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
There are more than a trillion
galaxies in the universe.
0
1349
3800
00:17
And my team discovered
an extremely rare one,
1
5976
3262
00:21
a galaxy that doesn't look
quite like anything observed before.
2
9831
4544
00:27
This galaxy is so peculiar,
3
15077
2635
00:29
that it challenges our theories
and our assumptions
4
17736
3674
00:33
about how the universe works.
5
21434
2198
00:37
The majority of the galaxies are spiral,
6
25561
2912
00:40
similar to our own Milky Way.
7
28497
1933
00:42
We have strong theories about how
these common galaxies form and evolve.
8
30990
5142
00:48
But we don't understand
how rare galaxies form and evolve.
9
36762
5946
00:55
An especially puzzling rare case
is Hoag's Object.
10
43965
3467
01:00
It has a very symmetric central body
surrounded by a circular outer ring,
11
48434
6572
01:07
with nothing visible connecting them.
12
55030
2896
01:10
Hoag-type galaxies are among the rarest
types of galaxies currently known.
13
58974
5084
01:16
There are fewer than one
in 1,000 galaxies.
14
64538
3880
01:22
It's a mystery how the stars
in the outer ring are just floating there
15
70072
5929
01:28
in such an orderly manner.
16
76025
2127
01:30
That's interesting, right?
17
78898
1733
01:33
Hold on.
18
81049
1206
01:34
Things are about to get more mysterious.
19
82279
2667
01:37
The galaxy that my team
discovered is even rarer
20
85501
3541
01:41
and much more complex than that.
21
89066
2104
01:44
You know, sometimes, you search
and search for these objects,
22
92339
3881
01:48
and you find nothing.
23
96244
1539
01:50
But sometimes, it just appears
in the background,
24
98458
3769
01:55
when you are not even looking for it.
25
103315
2270
01:58
This system looks very similar
to Hoag's Object,
26
106395
3301
02:01
with its central body
and circular outer ring.
27
109720
3444
02:05
We got very excited and thought
we discovered another Hoag's Object.
28
113188
4555
02:10
But my research showed
this is an entirely new galaxy type,
29
118427
6438
02:17
now commonly referred to
as "Burçin's Galaxy."
30
125417
3442
02:21
(Laughs)
31
129957
1151
02:23
(Cheers) (Applause)
32
131132
3525
02:27
We will not be visiting
this galaxy anytime soon.
33
135072
4141
02:31
It is approximately 359 million
light years away from Earth.
34
139237
6440
02:38
You may think this is far.
35
146331
1734
02:40
Well, actually, this is one
of the nearby galaxies.
36
148545
3466
02:45
I study this object in different light --
37
153741
2328
02:48
in ultraviolet, optical and near-infrared.
38
156796
3494
02:53
Small details on our body,
like a scar or wrinkles,
39
161448
4230
02:57
tell the story of our lives.
40
165702
1619
02:59
Similarly, a galaxy's structure
in different light
41
167773
4096
03:03
can help us trace back
their origin and evolution.
42
171893
3531
03:07
How do I look for these details?
43
175927
1967
03:10
I model the bright central body
44
178592
2549
03:13
and remove my model from the image
45
181165
2484
03:15
to check for any hidden features,
46
183673
2349
03:18
because a bright structure in a galaxy
may blind our views of faint features,
47
186046
5976
03:24
just like using sunglasses
when you are blinded by the intense light.
48
192046
4768
03:30
The result was a big surprise.
49
198297
2454
03:33
This galaxy doesn't just
have an outer ring,
50
201431
3611
03:37
it has an additional, diffused inner ring.
51
205066
3722
03:41
We were having a hard time
explaining the origin of the outer ring
52
209616
4738
03:46
in Hoag-type galaxies.
53
214378
1537
03:48
Now we also need to explain
this mysterious second ring.
54
216314
3952
03:53
There is currently no known mechanism
55
221611
2635
03:56
that can explain the existence of an inner
ring in such a peculiar galaxy.
56
224270
4723
04:01
So the discovery of Burçin's Galaxy
clearly highlights the gap
57
229379
4714
04:06
in our knowledge of galaxy evolution.
58
234117
2529
04:09
Further research into how
this extremely rare galaxy was formed
59
237601
4738
04:14
can provide us with new clues
on how the universe works.
60
242363
4603
04:21
This discovery tells us
that we still have a lot to learn,
61
249257
4658
04:25
and we should keep looking
deeper and deeper in space
62
253939
3910
04:29
and keep searching for the unknown.
63
257873
2333
04:32
Thank you.
64
260920
1200
04:34
(Applause)
65
262144
3965

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil - Astrophysicist
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil studies the structure and dynamics of galaxies to help us understand how they form and evolve.

Why you should listen

Dr. Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil is searching for the most peculiar objects in the Universe. Her research has led to a discovery of an extremely rare galaxy with a unique circular structure, which is now commonly referred to as Burçin's Galaxy. Her work has provided the first description of a double-ringed elliptical galaxy, challenging current theories and assumptions about how the universe works and how galaxies start and evolve.

Mutlu-Pakdil earned her PhD at the University of Minnesota, and her undergraduate degree is from Bilkent University in Turkey. She is currently a postdoctoral research associate at University of Arizona and a 2018 TED Fellow. She spends most of her time searching for hierarchical structure at the scale of dwarf galaxies as a novel test of the Cold Dark Matter paradigm. She uses data gathered in a large range of wavelengths from premier telescopes worldwide and wants to learn more about how the Universe came to be the way it is today.

Mutlu-Pakdil's findings have been featured by CNN, Science Daily, Astronomy Magazine, Independent and MPR News, among many others. Damon Brown wrote in his regular Inc. Magazine online column: “Many organizations are dedicated to filling the STEM pipeline with more girls and women. Others are supporting the cause by being an example. TED Fellow Burçin is representing by being one of the most notable astrophysicists today.”

More profile about the speaker
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil | Speaker | TED.com

Data provided by TED.

This site was created in May 2015 and the last update was on January 12, 2020. It will no longer be updated.

We are currently creating a new site called "eng.lish.video" and would be grateful if you could access it.

If you have any questions or suggestions, please feel free to write comments in your language on the contact form.

Privacy Policy

Developer's Blog

Buy Me A Coffee