TED2018
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil: A rare galaxy that's challenging our understanding of the universe
Burčin Mutlu-Pakdil (Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil): Retka galaksija koja dovodi u pitanje naše razumevanje univerzuma
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Kakav je osećaj otkriti galaksiju - i nazvati je vašim imenom? Astrofizičarka i članica TED Fellows programa, Burčin Mutlu-Pakdil, nam u svom kratkom govoru prepričava iznenađujuće otkriće svog tima, a koje se tiče novog misterioznog tipa galaksije.
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil - Astrophysicist
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil studies the structure and dynamics of galaxies to help us understand how they form and evolve. Full bio
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil studies the structure and dynamics of galaxies to help us understand how they form and evolve. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
There are more than a trillion
galaxies in the universe.
galaxies in the universe.
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Postoji više od bilion galaksija
u univerzumu.
u univerzumu.
00:17
And my team discovered
an extremely rare one,
an extremely rare one,
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A moj tim otkrio je jednu izuzetno retku
00:21
a galaxy that doesn't look
quite like anything observed before.
quite like anything observed before.
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koja ne liči ni na jednu galaksiju
otkrivenu ranije.
otkrivenu ranije.
00:27
This galaxy is so peculiar,
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Ova galaksija je toliko neobična
00:29
that it challenges our theories
and our assumptions
and our assumptions
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da dovodi u pitanje naše teorije i naše
pretpostavke
pretpostavke
00:33
about how the universe works.
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o funkcionisanju univerzuma.
00:37
The majority of the galaxies are spiral,
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Većina galaksija je spiralnog oblika,
00:40
similar to our own Milky Way.
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slično našem Mlečnom putu.
00:42
We have strong theories about how
these common galaxies form and evolve.
these common galaxies form and evolve.
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Postoje jake tvrdnje o formiranju i razvoju
ovih uobičajenih galaksija.
ovih uobičajenih galaksija.
00:48
But we don't understand
how rare galaxies form and evolve.
how rare galaxies form and evolve.
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Ali mi ne razumemo kako se formiraju
i razvijaju retke galaksije.
i razvijaju retke galaksije.
00:55
An especially puzzling rare case
is Hoag's Object.
is Hoag's Object.
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Jedna takva retka galaksija koja nam
zadaje muke je Hoagov objekat.
zadaje muke je Hoagov objekat.
01:00
It has a very symmetric central body
surrounded by a circular outer ring,
surrounded by a circular outer ring,
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Ona ima vrlo simetrično telo u sredini
okruženo kružnim spoljašnim prstenom,
okruženo kružnim spoljašnim prstenom,
01:07
with nothing visible connecting them.
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a ništa vidljivo ih ne povezuje.
01:10
Hoag-type galaxies are among the rarest
types of galaxies currently known.
types of galaxies currently known.
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Galaksije nalik Hoagovoj spadaju u najređe
trenutno poznate galaksije.
trenutno poznate galaksije.
01:16
There are fewer than one
in 1,000 galaxies.
in 1,000 galaxies.
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Postoji manje od jedne na 1000 galaksija.
01:22
It's a mystery how the stars
in the outer ring are just floating there
in the outer ring are just floating there
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Prava je misterija kako zvezde spoljašnjeg
prstena samo lebde tu,
prstena samo lebde tu,
01:28
in such an orderly manner.
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a na tako organizovan način.
01:30
That's interesting, right?
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Interesantno, zar ne?
01:33
Hold on.
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Samo malo.
01:34
Things are about to get more mysterious.
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Postaće misterioznije.
01:37
The galaxy that my team
discovered is even rarer
discovered is even rarer
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Galaksija koju je moj tim otkrio je ređa
01:41
and much more complex than that.
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i mnogo složenija od toga.
01:44
You know, sometimes, you search
and search for these objects,
and search for these objects,
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Nekada ste u potrazi za tim objektima,
01:48
and you find nothing.
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a ne pronađete ništa.
01:50
But sometimes, it just appears
in the background,
in the background,
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Međutim, nekad se samo pojave u pozadini
01:55
when you are not even looking for it.
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kada ih ne tražite.
01:58
This system looks very similar
to Hoag's Object,
to Hoag's Object,
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Ovaj sistem je veoma sličan Hoagovom
objektu
objektu
02:01
with its central body
and circular outer ring.
and circular outer ring.
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zbog tela u sredini i kružnog spoljašnjeg
prstena.
prstena.
02:05
We got very excited and thought
we discovered another Hoag's Object.
we discovered another Hoag's Object.
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Obradovali smo se pri pomisli da smo
otkrili još jedan Hoagov objekat.
otkrili još jedan Hoagov objekat.
02:10
But my research showed
this is an entirely new galaxy type,
this is an entirely new galaxy type,
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Međutim, moje istraživanje je otkrilo
da je to potpuno novi tip galaksije
da je to potpuno novi tip galaksije
02:17
now commonly referred to
as "Burçin's Galaxy."
as "Burçin's Galaxy."
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koji se sada naziva „Burčin galaksija”.
02:21
(Laughs)
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(Smeh)
02:23
(Cheers) (Applause)
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(Klicanje) (Aplauz)
02:27
We will not be visiting
this galaxy anytime soon.
this galaxy anytime soon.
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Nećemo posetiti ovu galaksiju
u skorije vreme.
u skorije vreme.
02:31
It is approximately 359 million
light years away from Earth.
light years away from Earth.
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Udaljena je približno 359 miliona
svetlosnih godina od Zemlje.
svetlosnih godina od Zemlje.
02:38
You may think this is far.
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Mislite da je to daleko.
02:40
Well, actually, this is one
of the nearby galaxies.
of the nearby galaxies.
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Zapravo, ovo je jedna od bližih galaksija.
02:45
I study this object in different light --
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Proučavam ovaj objekat
na drugačijoj svetlosti -
na drugačijoj svetlosti -
02:48
in ultraviolet, optical and near-infrared.
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ultraljubičastoj, optičkoj
i blisko infracrvenoj.
i blisko infracrvenoj.
02:53
Small details on our body,
like a scar or wrinkles,
like a scar or wrinkles,
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Mali detalji na našem telu,
poput ožiljka ili bora
poput ožiljka ili bora
02:57
tell the story of our lives.
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pričaju našu životnu priču.
02:59
Similarly, a galaxy's structure
in different light
in different light
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Slično tome, struktura jedne galaksije
na drugačijoj svetlosti
na drugačijoj svetlosti
03:03
can help us trace back
their origin and evolution.
their origin and evolution.
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nam može pomoći da odredimo
njeno poreklo i razvoj.
njeno poreklo i razvoj.
03:07
How do I look for these details?
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Kako tražim te detalje?
03:10
I model the bright central body
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Modeliram sjajno središnje telo
03:13
and remove my model from the image
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i uklonim model sa slike
03:15
to check for any hidden features,
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kako bih potražila skrivene karakteristike
03:18
because a bright structure in a galaxy
may blind our views of faint features,
may blind our views of faint features,
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jer sjajna struktura u galaksiji može
da zakloni neupadljive karakteristike,
da zakloni neupadljive karakteristike,
03:24
just like using sunglasses
when you are blinded by the intense light.
when you are blinded by the intense light.
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poput korišćenja naočara za sunce
kada vas zaslepi sunčeva svetlost.
kada vas zaslepi sunčeva svetlost.
03:30
The result was a big surprise.
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Došli smo do iznenađujućeg rezultata.
03:33
This galaxy doesn't just
have an outer ring,
have an outer ring,
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Ova galaksija pored spoljašnjeg prstena
03:37
it has an additional, diffused inner ring.
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ima još jedan, difuzan, unutrašnji prsten.
03:41
We were having a hard time
explaining the origin of the outer ring
explaining the origin of the outer ring
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Nije bilo lako da objasnimo poreklo
spoljašnjeg prstena
spoljašnjeg prstena
03:46
in Hoag-type galaxies.
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u galaksiji Hoagovog tipa.
03:48
Now we also need to explain
this mysterious second ring.
this mysterious second ring.
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Sada moramo da objasnimo
taj misteriozni drugi prsten.
taj misteriozni drugi prsten.
03:53
There is currently no known mechanism
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Trenutno nije poznat mehanizam
koji može da objasni
koji može da objasni
03:56
that can explain the existence of an inner
ring in such a peculiar galaxy.
ring in such a peculiar galaxy.
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postojanje unutrašnjeg prstena
u tako neobičnoj galaksiji.
u tako neobičnoj galaksiji.
04:01
So the discovery of Burçin's Galaxy
clearly highlights the gap
clearly highlights the gap
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Stoga otkriće Burčin galaksije
jasno ističe nedostatak
jasno ističe nedostatak
04:06
in our knowledge of galaxy evolution.
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u našem znanju o razvoju galaksija.
04:09
Further research into how
this extremely rare galaxy was formed
this extremely rare galaxy was formed
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Dalje istraživanje o tome
kako se ova vrlo retka galaksija formirala
kako se ova vrlo retka galaksija formirala
04:14
can provide us with new clues
on how the universe works.
on how the universe works.
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daće nam nove uvide u to
kako univerzum funkcioniše.
kako univerzum funkcioniše.
04:21
This discovery tells us
that we still have a lot to learn,
that we still have a lot to learn,
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Ovo otkriće nam govori
da imamo još da učimo
da imamo još da učimo
04:25
and we should keep looking
deeper and deeper in space
deeper and deeper in space
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i da treba da se zagledamo
što dublje u svemir
što dublje u svemir
04:29
and keep searching for the unknown.
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i nastavimo sa potragom za nepoznatim.
04:32
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
04:34
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil - AstrophysicistBurçin Mutlu-Pakdil studies the structure and dynamics of galaxies to help us understand how they form and evolve.
Why you should listen
Dr. Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil is searching for the most peculiar objects in the Universe. Her research has led to a discovery of an extremely rare galaxy with a unique circular structure, which is now commonly referred to as Burçin's Galaxy. Her work has provided the first description of a double-ringed elliptical galaxy, challenging current theories and assumptions about how the universe works and how galaxies start and evolve.
Mutlu-Pakdil earned her PhD at the University of Minnesota, and her undergraduate degree is from Bilkent University in Turkey. She is currently a postdoctoral research associate at University of Arizona and a 2018 TED Fellow. She spends most of her time searching for hierarchical structure at the scale of dwarf galaxies as a novel test of the Cold Dark Matter paradigm. She uses data gathered in a large range of wavelengths from premier telescopes worldwide and wants to learn more about how the Universe came to be the way it is today.
Mutlu-Pakdil's findings have been featured by CNN, Science Daily, Astronomy Magazine, Independent and MPR News, among many others. Damon Brown wrote in his regular Inc. Magazine online column: “Many organizations are dedicated to filling the STEM pipeline with more girls and women. Others are supporting the cause by being an example. TED Fellow Burçin is representing by being one of the most notable astrophysicists today.”
Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil | Speaker | TED.com