ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com
Christiana Figueres - Climate advocate
Christiana Figueres is the executive secretary of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), who led the recent COP 21 climate talks in Paris.

Why you should listen

Christiana Figueres has been the executive secretary of the UNFCCC since July 2010. She has directed five consecutive successful Conferences of the Parties, and is now charged with the intergovernmental process to deliver the 2015 Paris agreement on climate change.

Figueres has a long trajectory in the field of global climate change, having been a member of the Costa Rican negotiating team 1995- 2009, and having played a number of key roles in the governance of the UNFCCC before formally joining the secretariat. She initiated her life of public service as Minister Counselor at the Embassy of Costa Rica in Bonn, Germany in 1982. Moving to the USA, she was Director of Renewable Energy in the Americas (REIA) and in 1995 founded the nonprofit Center for Sustainable Development of the Americas (CSDA) which she directed for eight years. She designed and helped to establish national climate change programs throughout Latin America and served as high level advisor to both governments and private companies. In 2001 she received the Hero for the Planet Award from National Geographic.

More profile about the speaker
Christiana Figueres | Speaker | TED.com
Countdown

Christiana Figueres and Chris Anderson: How we can turn the tide on climate

Filmed:
1,269,829 views

Witness the unveiling of Countdown, a major global campaign to cut greenhouse gas emissions. TED has partnered with scientists, policy makers, organizations, activists and more to create an initiative that everyone in the world can be part of. Check out http://countdown.ted.com to learn how you can get involved — and help turn the tide on climate. [Note: there are two unusual features of this TED Talk. One, it's much longer than our normal, extending a full hour. Two, it's made up of contributions from more than a dozen people, including UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, Al Gore, Katharine Hayhoe, Jimmy Kimmel and Yuval Noah Harari, among others. We're putting it out there because the topic deserves this kind of prominence.]
- TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio - Climate advocate
Christiana Figueres is the executive secretary of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), who led the recent COP 21 climate talks in Paris. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:00
[Citizens of the world]
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[We face a global crisis
of unprecedented scale]
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[Please stand by for a message from ... ]
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[the Secretary-General of
the United Nations António Guterres]
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The climate emergency
is the defining crisis of our time.
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We are in a race against time,
and we are losing.
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There is a growing tide of impatience,
especially among young people,
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with global inaction.
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We need more ambition from all:
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governments, cities, businesses,
investors and people everywhere.
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So I'm pleased you are
launching TED Countdown.
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Your influence and ideas
can help accelerate momentum
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for a carbon-neutral world by 2050.
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That is the only way to avert
the worst impacts of global heating.
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We have the tools, the science
and the resources.
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Let us now get into this race
with political will and energy.
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To do anything less will be a betrayal
of our entire human family
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and generations to come.
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Thank you.
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Announcer: And now, please welcome
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one of the architects
of the Paris Climate Agreement
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Christiana Figueres
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and the head of TED, Chris Anderson.
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(Applause)
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Chris Anderson: Welcome, welcome.
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Something remarkable
is going to happen in the next hour.
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The world's single
most alarming challenge,
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which looks something like this ...
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is about to go head-to-head
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with some of the world's
most amazing minds
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and courageous hearts,
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which look something like you.
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The extraordinary audience we have
here in New York and around the world.
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Christiana, it's quite the crowd
we get to hang out with this morning.
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Christiana Figueres:
It sure is, no kidding.
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It's a good thing
that everyone is here together,
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because actually, this initiative
that we're just about to launch
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needs everyone to participate.
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And here it is.
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Countdown.
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CA: Countdown is a global initiative
to cut greenhouse gas emissions.
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It's seeking bold solutions
in five big areas,
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imagining what could be achieved
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if different groups broke out
of their silos and acted together.
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Starting today, you can go to
countdown.ted.com
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and sign up to join the Countdown.
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Early in 2020,
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we'll be sharing plans
on how you can connect
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with others in your company,
your city or your school
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to engage in this issue.
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It's all leading up to global gatherings
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on 10.10.2020.
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Everyone in the world
is invited to participate.
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CF: And so that's why,
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although I've been part
of many initiatives along the years,
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I'm really excited about this one.
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Because Countdown
is an invitation to everyone, everyone,
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to play their part in saving our planet
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and creating an exciting future.
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Politicians and citizens,
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CEOs and their customers,
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their employees, their investors,
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old and young,
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north and south.
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CA: (Laughs) I see what you did there.
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(Laughter)
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But look, our goal is not to plunge in
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with something new that is competitive
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with the amazing initiatives
already out there.
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No.
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It's to identify the best solutions
that have already been worked on,
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to cross-fertilize them, to amplify them
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and then activate them
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by bringing together
these different groups.
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CF: And if that happens,
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we believe there is a way out
of the climate crisis.
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That's what we want to facilitate.
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But now, Chris, question:
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Why are you and TED
interested in participating
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and actually activating
the climate agenda,
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when I thought you were
all about spreading ideas?
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CA: Well, indeed, that has been
our focused mission for the last 15 years,
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Ideas Worth Spreading.
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But last summer,
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we concluded that the urgency
of some issues,
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and especially climate,
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demanded that we try to do more
than just spread ideas,
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that we actually try to activate them.
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Now, we're just a relatively
small nonprofit --
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that would not amount to anything
if we fail to bring other people on board.
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But the amazing thing
is that that has happened.
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Everyone we've spoken to about this
has got excited about participating.
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And one of the key moments, frankly,
was when you came on board, Christiana.
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I mean, you were key
to the Paris Agreement.
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And the world was stunned
at the consensus that emerged there.
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What was the key to creating
that consensus?
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CF: I would say it was to really challenge
and change people's assumption
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about what is possible
if we set a shared intention
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and then collectively
pursue it and achieve it.
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So our mantra then, and continues to be:
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"Impossible is not a fact,
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it's an attitude."
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In fact, only an attitude,
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and that is something we can change.
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CA: Well, that mantra, certainly,
we're going to have to hold onto
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in the months ahead,
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because the scientific consensus
is actually worsening.
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For a quick report from the front lines,
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here's the head
of the thousands of scientists
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who make up the IPCC, Dr. Hoesung Lee.
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(Video) Hoesung Lee: We recently released
three special reports
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that show the damage and risks
of past and future climate change.
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They also show that stabilizing climate
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would imply a drastic reduction
in greenhouse gas emissions
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in the near term.
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Society will have to go
through unprecedented changes
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to meet this goal.
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Even limiting warming
to 1.5 degrees Celsius
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will bring more extreme weather,
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rising sea levels
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and water shortages in some regions,
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and threats to food security
and biodiversity.
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Higher temperature will bring
more of these damages,
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threatening lives and livelihoods
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of millions of people
all around the world.
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CA: We're lucky to have with us
another world-leading scientist,
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Johan Rockström here.
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He was responsible for creating
the Planetary Boundaries framework.
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Johan, how serious is our situation?
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(Video) Johan Rockström: Last week,
we released in "Nature"
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the 10-year update of the risk
of crossing tipping points,
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irreversible tipping points,
in the Earth system.
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We know 15 such tipping points,
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including the Greenland
and West Antarctic ice shelf,
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and the permafrost
in the Siberian tundra, for example,
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and we today have observational evidence,
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I mean, empirical evidence,
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that nine of the 15 have woken up
and are on the move.
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We haven't crossed the tipping point yet,
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the window is still open,
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but they are warning us
that now is the time to truly move,
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because the moment we cross them,
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like, for example, approaching
a tipping point in the Amazon rain forest,
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we would risk losing the battle,
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because the planet will be taking over
its self-reinforced warming.
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So that is why this initiative
is so incredibly important.
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Let's go.
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CA: Well said.
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(Applause)
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So, both are very clear there
that this agenda of cutting emissions
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is absolutely crucial.
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How has that been going?
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CF: Not very well,
because despite what we know,
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despite everything
that science has told us,
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despite everything that we have done,
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including adopting the Paris Agreement,
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we've actually been increasing
greenhouse gases consistently
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over the past few decades,
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to the point where
we're now at 55 gigatons
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of carbon dioxide equivalent
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that we are collectively, as humanity,
emitting every year.
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And as we have heard, we have one path,
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there is one path
that we have to follow, and that is:
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Start now to decrease emissions,
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instead of going up, go down --
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reverse the trend, bend the curve.
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Reduce emissions, starting in 2020,
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to the point where we will be at one half
the current level of emissions by 2030,
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and then continue decreasing them,
until we are at net zero by 2050.
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It's the only path that we can accept.
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CA: How do you even begin to start
tackling a goal as daunting as that?
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CF: Well, we could starting by breaking
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the simple, yet daunting, challenge
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into its constituent pieces,
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five main areas.
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CA: And so these five together
are actually all huge,
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and if we can find compelling
solutions in each of them,
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they would actually add up
to an action plan
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that matches the scale of the problem.
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Well, here are the five.
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CF: Power.
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How rapidly can we move
to 100 percent clean energy?
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CA: The built environment.
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How can we re-engineer
the stuff that surrounds us?
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CF: Transport.
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How do we transform the ways
we move -- ourselves and goods?
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CA: Food.
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How can we spark a worldwide shift
to healthier food systems?
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CF: And certainly, nature.
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How extensively can we re-green the earth?
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Now, it's worth noting
that the answers to these questions
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and the measures that we would undertake
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don't just reduce net emissions --
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they do that, certainly,
together, to zero --
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but they also point the way to a future
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that is much better
and genuinely exciting.
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So, think about cool
new forms of transport,
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clean air, healthier food,
beautiful forests
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and oceans bursting with life.
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So, you know, solving the climate crisis
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isn't about sacrificing
and settling for a mediocre future,
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it's about the exact opposite.
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It's about co-creating
a much better future for all of us.
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CA: So how do we tackle these questions?
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(Laughter)
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CA: Let's take this question here
and think about this.
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How extensively can we re-green the earth?
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I mean, there are obviously
many responses to this question,
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many proposals.
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It's fundamentally about,
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"How do we increase the amount
of sustainable photosynthesis
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on planet Earth."
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Photosynthesis sequesters carbon.
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There could be proposals
around giant kelp forests or seagrass,
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or about forms of plants
that have deeper roots
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and can sequester across the planet.
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But suppose a major proposal that came out
was about reforestation.
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A massive, global reforestation campaign.
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I mean, a single organization,
no matter how big,
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cannot take that on.
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The key is for everyone to join forces,
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for governments (with zoning),
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businesses to invest,
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investors to do that investing,
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environmental groups
and philanthropists who support them,
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and just a massive movement
among citizens everywhere,
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transforming their lawns, their cities,
their neighborhoods,
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going on trips together.
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That is where, suddenly,
you can dream about something really big.
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CF: So can we test that theory?
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Because we are fortunate
to have with us today
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someone who grew up inside
a tree-planting movement,
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probably the most well-recognized
tree-planting movement.
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And she is the daughter
of the Nobel Prize winner
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Wangari Maathai,
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and she heads up the Wangari Maathai
Foundation today.
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So can we invite our very dear
friend Wanjira Mathai?
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(Applause)
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(Video) Wanjira Mathai:
Thank you very much,
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Christiana and Chris, for doing this.
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Trees have been, indeed, a part of my life
for as long as I can remember,
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12:13
but we also know that for centuries,
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12:15
trees and forests have cushioned us
against the harsh impacts
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12:20
of climate variation
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for very many years.
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12:23
In my lifetime, my mother,
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12:24
through the Green Belt Movement,
as you mentioned,
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12:27
inspired the planting
of 50 million trees and counting
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12:32
through the work of the Green
Belt Movement, one organization.
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12:35
But the world now needs us
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12:37
to plant 100 times more trees
than we did then.
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12:43
And the only way to do that
is for all of us to come together --
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12:47
cities, citizens, governments,
companies, environmental organizations --
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12:52
and we must believe, therefore,
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12:55
in the capacity for each of us
to be potent agents of change.
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12:59
And that together, we are a force.
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13:02
And I hope you will all join us.
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(Applause)
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13:07
CF: So together we are a force.
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13:08
I think Wanjira really hits it
right there on the head,
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because it's all about collaborating
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13:13
across a pretty broad spectrum of people.
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13:16
And happily, there are representatives
from all of those groups here today.
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13:22
And we will be inviting you
toward further engagement.
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13:26
But we wanted today to introduce you
to a couple of those people,
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13:30
speaking from their own perspective.
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13:32
So we would like to start
with the voice of a politician.
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13:36
We are incredibly honored
to have with us today
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the former prime minister of Bhutan,
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13:42
and I will have you know that Bhutan
is the only country in the world
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13:46
that actually absorbs more carbon
than what it emits.
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13:50
Our good friend, Tshering Tobgay.
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13:52
(Applause)
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Tshering Tobgay: My country
is typical of the global south,
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14:07
in that we have not caused
this climate-change crisis.
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14:13
Indeed, we are blessed
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14:16
with lush forests
and many bountiful rivers
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14:19
that have enabled my country, Bhutan,
to remain carbon-negative.
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14:24
And yet, climate change
threatens to destroy our forests.
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14:29
And to turn those very rivers
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14:33
into terrible dangers for our people,
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14:36
as the Himalayan glaciers melt
and threaten both near-term flooding
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14:42
and the longer-term loss
of our natural water reserves.
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14:48
So, I'm proud to join
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14:52
this Countdown initiative
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14:55
and work with all of you
and with you, and with you,
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14:58
(Laughter)
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14:59
constructively, to find solutions
that are both powerful and just.
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15:06
Thank you.
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15:07
(Applause)
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15:09
CA: Thank you.
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15:10
(Applause)
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15:14
CA: Business, of course,
has a crucial role to play,
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15:16
and so do those who control the world's
vast pools of investment capital.
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15:21
I was pleased to make
the acquaintance recently
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15:24
of the chief investment officer
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15:25
of Japan's 1.6-trillion-dollar
government pension fund.
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15:30
It's actually the world's
largest pension fund.
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2739
15:33
He's willing and interested
to come with us on this journey
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3344
15:37
and to bring others with him.
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15:38
So, somewhere is, I believe, Hiro.
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4261
15:42
Hiro Mizuno.
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15:44
And you're live. Welcome, Hiro.
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15:47
(Video) Hiro Mizuno: Great.
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1303
15:48
Thanks, Chris and Christiana,
and the staff of TED,
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3603
15:52
for making this possible.
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1889
15:54
As a person in charge
of the largest pension fund in the world
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15:58
and responsible for securing pension
benefits for multiple generations,
307
958000
5595
16:03
it is a hugely important issue,
how to manage climate risk.
308
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3494
16:07
We recently analyzed our global portfolio,
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2444
16:10
how it's aligned with the Paris Agreement.
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16:13
It was diagnosed,
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16:14
our portfolio is on the path
for more than three degrees.
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3657
16:18
Far away from the Paris Agreement goals.
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16:21
Our portfolio is not only sizable
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2587
16:24
but also one of the most
globally diversified portfolios.
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3746
16:28
So that means, the world is on that path.
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16:31
I'm tired of hearing
the same comment repeatedly
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2897
16:34
from our portfolio companies
and, obviously, investment professionals:
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4690
16:39
"We are realistic."
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16:41
Sorry, but being "realistic"
is no longer an option.
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3452
16:45
We are fully aware of our responsibility
as the world's largest asset owner
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4999
16:50
to inspire changes in the capital market.
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2723
16:53
We will be actively engaging
with all actors in the capital market
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4603
16:57
to move the needle.
324
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1491
16:59
I look forward to participating
in this crucial dialogue with you all.
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4357
17:04
Thank you.
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17:05
(Applause)
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17:07
CF: I'm sure all of you know
that throughout the past 12 to 18 months,
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4715
17:12
what has really been new
and powerful and exciting
329
1032427
4214
17:16
is the amazing voices
of so many young people,
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3198
17:19
millions of young people
who are out there on the streets,
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2980
17:22
with anger, with outrage, with despair,
332
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1872
17:24
and also, asking us to do our thing.
333
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2222
17:28
And they have been inspired
by Greta Thunberg
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2531
17:30
but by so many other
fantastic young people
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3438
17:34
in almost every country of the world.
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1865
17:35
And today, we are delighted to have
four young activists
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4669
17:40
come join us today.
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17:42
(Applause)
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17:45
(Cheers)
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1831
17:47
(Applause)
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7000
17:55
Alexandria Villaseñor: This Friday,
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17:57
I'll have been
on climate strike for 52 weeks.
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2476
18:00
That's an entire year.
344
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1674
18:02
During that time,
345
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1222
18:03
I found that many people
don't know about climate change
346
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2737
18:06
or how serious the climate crisis is.
347
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2476
18:08
So I founded Earth Uprising International
348
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2556
18:11
to teach young people
about climate change,
349
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2611
18:14
because when they know
the science and the impacts,
350
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3166
18:17
they want to take action.
351
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1667
18:19
Being an activist
means making change happen.
352
1099498
2999
18:23
Jamie Margolin:
I became a climate activist
353
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2000
18:25
because my life depends on it.
354
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1706
18:26
I'm applying to colleges right now,
355
1106831
1667
18:28
trying to plan for my future.
356
1108522
1714
18:30
There will be nothing to look forward to
357
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1928
18:32
if we don't take urgent action
to stop the climate crisis now.
358
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2960
18:35
I started the youth climate justice
movement called Zero Hour back in 2017,
359
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5071
18:40
because this is zero hour
to act on climate change.
360
1120898
3381
18:44
We have no more time.
361
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1532
18:45
It became clear to me
362
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1155
18:47
that our leaders were not
going to take real action
363
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2436
18:49
unless the people stood up
and demanded it,
364
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2039
18:51
so that's exactly what we did.
365
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2254
18:53
Natalie Sweet: I became
a climate-justice activist
366
1133839
2372
18:56
because if I don't fight
for the rights of the people today,
367
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3246
18:59
and for the people in the future,
368
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1579
19:01
who will?
369
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1150
19:02
Xiye Bastida: I became
a climate justice activist
370
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2611
19:04
when I realized that the climate crisis
impacts marginalized communities the most,
371
1144917
4557
19:09
including my town in Mexico.
372
1149498
2119
19:11
I strike with Fridays for Future
373
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2083
19:13
every Friday,
374
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1161
19:14
because our movement
is not about gaining momentum
375
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2871
19:17
but about igniting cultural change.
376
1157828
2483
19:20
But the fact that thousands
of students strike for climate
377
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4138
19:24
means that we are already
implementing climate justice
378
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2675
19:27
into every aspect of our lives,
379
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2222
19:29
which is already redefining the world.
380
1169442
2284
19:32
JM: Over the course of our lifetimes,
381
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1770
19:34
we've seen the Earth deteriorate
at a rapid speed
382
1174192
2999
19:37
and groups of people
traumatized and displaced
383
1177215
2403
19:39
by an ever-increasing number
of natural disasters.
384
1179642
2835
19:42
In 2030, I'll be 28 years old.
385
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2516
19:46
AV: I'll be 24 years old.
386
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1832
19:48
XB: I will be 27.
387
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1555
19:50
NS: I'll be 26.
388
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1437
19:51
We want to be able to hand
the planet over to our children
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3105
19:54
and our children's children,
390
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1531
19:56
just like many of you
have been able to do.
391
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2476
19:59
AV: So unless everyone --
392
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1904
20:01
governments, companies, schools,
scientists and citizens --
393
1201121
4734
20:05
make a united commitment
to reversing the damage that we've caused,
394
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4563
20:10
it will be too late.
395
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2000
20:13
XB: We are not only asking you
to take care of our future,
396
1213644
3238
20:16
we are also asking you
to take care of our past.
397
1216906
2938
20:20
Indigenous people have been taking care
of the Earth for thousands of years,
398
1220183
4799
20:25
which is why indigenous
philosophy is crucial
399
1225006
3285
20:28
when implementing climate action.
400
1228315
2200
20:32
JM: This climate crisis can feel
like an impossible thing to fix.
401
1232427
3626
20:36
But it's not.
402
1236077
1162
20:37
And it can't be,
403
1237263
1152
20:38
because failure is simply not an option.
404
1238439
1924
20:40
Failure means losing everything we love
405
1240387
2025
20:42
and everything that matters.
406
1242436
1879
20:44
So many of us are already working
to save the future of our world,
407
1244339
3381
20:47
but it can't just be
on the next generation to fix.
408
1247744
2968
20:50
This is too much of a burden
to just put on young people's shoulders.
409
1250736
3468
20:54
It is time for you to go all hands on deck
410
1254982
2786
20:57
and do everything within your power
to save everything before it's too late.
411
1257792
4642
21:02
Are you with us?
412
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1150
21:04
Audience: Yes.
413
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1163
21:05
(Applause and cheers)
414
1265706
7000
21:12
(Applause)
415
1272730
6643
21:19
CA: Thank you. Thank you, thank you.
416
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1902
21:21
And then, of course,
417
1281323
1154
21:22
there's a crucial role to be played
by the world's storytellers,
418
1282501
3870
21:26
and those with influence
on social media platforms.
419
1286395
4309
21:30
Each of the following
has expressed excitement
420
1290728
2159
21:32
to be part of this project.
421
1292911
1293
21:34
They've lent us their names and support.
422
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1913
21:36
We have some of them here today.
423
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1563
21:37
Thank you so much for being here.
424
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2133
21:40
And let's hear from one of them, actually.
425
1300228
2421
21:42
Jimmy Kimmel: Hi, I'm Jimmy Kimmel,
426
1302673
1682
21:44
and I was asked to explain
why I'm passionate about climate change.
427
1304379
3276
21:47
And the reason I'm passionate
about climate change
428
1307679
2627
21:50
is the same reason people who are drowning
are passionate about lifeguards.
429
1310330
4944
21:55
I care about this planet,
because I live on it.
430
1315298
3033
21:58
I don't want to move to Mars,
431
1318355
1524
21:59
Mars seems terrible.
432
1319903
1293
22:01
I want my kids and their kids
to be able to live on Earth,
433
1321220
3524
22:04
with air they can breathe
and water they can drink.
434
1324768
2793
22:07
That's why I care about climate change.
435
1327585
2706
22:10
And also, I have a crush
on Leonardo DiCaprio.
436
1330315
2691
22:13
(Applause)
437
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2722
22:15
CF: So with all these
people coming together,
438
1335776
2503
22:18
we have an opportunity to explore
a new space of possibility
439
1338303
4234
22:22
for solutions based on working together,
440
1342561
3111
22:25
challenging each other
441
1345696
1508
22:27
and inspiring one another.
442
1347228
1896
22:29
So in October next year,
443
1349466
2024
22:31
we will be inviting
more or less 1,000 people
444
1351514
3635
22:35
from different constituencies
to meet in Bergen, Norway
445
1355173
4555
22:39
to align on specific answers
to our five big questions.
446
1359752
5134
22:45
CA: It will certainly be an epic event.
447
1365395
2600
22:48
But even more significant
than what happens in Norway
448
1368482
2508
22:51
is what happens elsewhere in the world.
449
1371014
2841
22:53
Because on the final day
of that conference,
450
1373879
2055
22:55
we're planning a major activation
of our global TEDx community.
451
1375958
4619
23:01
TEDx allows initiatives
to organize local events,
452
1381315
3901
23:05
and there are now
4,000 such events annually.
453
1385240
3081
23:08
Here's what they look like.
454
1388345
1800
23:12
They take place in more than 200
different countries,
455
1392550
2955
23:15
generate more than a billion views
annually on YouTube.
456
1395529
2810
23:18
We're expecting to see events
in hundreds of cities.
457
1398363
2643
23:21
We'll be connecting our TEDx organizers
458
1401030
2183
23:23
with city mayors committed
to a clean future for their cities.
459
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4554
23:27
This is the key to this.
460
1407815
1238
23:29
It's this connection between the powerful,
461
1409077
2023
23:31
who usually own the conversation,
462
1411124
2889
23:34
and millions of people around the world.
463
1414037
1936
23:35
Because of the zeitgeist shift
that's happened in the last year or two,
464
1415997
3643
23:39
suddenly, ignition can happen here,
465
1419664
2413
23:42
because there's enough
critical groundswell.
466
1422101
2079
23:44
If we can give people
visibility of each other,
467
1424204
2238
23:46
connection to each other,
468
1426466
1238
23:47
let's dream a little here,
469
1427728
1651
23:49
and give each other permission to dream.
470
1429403
1944
23:51
CF: So our goal here
is to build connections
471
1431371
3158
23:54
with and among all of the other
organizations that are working on climate.
472
1434553
4564
23:59
For example,
473
1439141
1151
24:00
the Solutions Project
is a wonderful initiative
474
1440316
2332
24:02
founded by Mark Ruffalo and Don Cheadle.
475
1442672
3061
24:06
And let's hear from some of the leaders
that they have supported.
476
1446347
3865
24:10
CA: Welcome, you're live.
477
1450236
1698
24:11
(Laughter)
478
1451958
1031
24:13
(Video) Wahleah Johns:
Hi, my name is Wahleah Johns,
479
1453013
3738
24:16
I'm with Native Renewables,
480
1456775
1723
24:18
and we are working to provide
solar power for tribes
481
1458522
5523
24:24
throughout the world.
482
1464069
1643
24:25
We have over 15,000
Native American families
483
1465736
3976
24:29
that don't have access to electricity,
484
1469736
2593
24:32
and we are working to provide solar
plus battery storage for these families
485
1472353
4913
24:37
in the United States
486
1477290
1246
24:38
that don't have access to electricity.
487
1478560
2390
24:40
And they are located on my reservation,
488
1480974
2532
24:43
the Navajo Nation.
489
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1200
24:45
Anna Lappé: Hi, everyone,
490
1485411
1388
24:46
I am Anna Lappé with Real Food Media,
491
1486823
2793
24:49
and we work to uplift the stories
of farmers and ranchers
492
1489640
4405
24:54
as a key solution to the climate crisis.
493
1494069
2873
24:56
The global food system right now
is a huge contributor to this crisis,
494
1496966
3667
25:00
but it doesn't have to be.
495
1500657
1499
25:02
Farmers and ranchers we really see
496
1502180
1651
25:03
as on the front lines
of being part of solving the crisis.
497
1503855
3380
25:07
So we try to share the stories
of the millions of farmers
498
1507259
4614
25:11
from Andhra Pradesh, India
to the highlands of Oaxaca
499
1511897
3333
25:15
that are using regenerative agriculture
to build healthy, carbon-rich soil,
500
1515254
5514
25:20
grow good food
501
1520792
1191
25:22
and foster the kind of resilient
communities that we need.
502
1522007
4101
25:27
Rahwa Ghirmatzion: Hello
from PUSH Buffalo -- my name is Rahwa --
503
1527736
3129
25:30
where every day, residents
are visioning, planning and designing
504
1530889
4077
25:34
an equitable, holistic
and sacred neighborhood,
505
1534990
3103
25:38
like where I'm phoning in from, School 77,
506
1538117
3421
25:41
a renovated vacant school building
507
1541562
2269
25:43
that has the first 100 percent
affordable community solar array
508
1543855
4818
25:48
in New York state
509
1548697
1198
25:49
installed by local residents.
510
1549919
1888
25:51
It's also serving 30 affordable
senior apartments
511
1551831
3619
25:55
and a mix of intergenerational spaces
512
1555474
3389
25:58
that serves as a community hub,
513
1558887
1960
26:00
where we're practicing
new economy strategies
514
1560871
2476
26:03
towards a livable planet.
515
1563371
1667
26:06
CF: Thank you.
516
1566006
1151
26:07
CA: Bravo.
517
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1285
26:08
(Applause)
518
1568490
2779
26:11
CA: It's so great.
519
1571293
1198
26:12
(Applause)
520
1572515
1210
26:13
CF: So you see, this is about everyone.
521
1573749
1899
26:15
It's about cities,
522
1575672
1154
26:16
it's about grassroots organizations,
523
1576850
2224
26:19
but it's also, of course, about business.
524
1579098
2391
26:21
And so we're inviting all companies --
525
1581879
2666
26:24
underlined "all" --
526
1584569
1699
26:26
to join this initiative,
527
1586292
1626
26:27
to engage with your employees
on how you can best protect the planet
528
1587942
4968
26:32
and your future, at the same time.
529
1592934
2780
26:36
So early next year,
we'll be sharing a toolkit
530
1596188
3318
26:39
that can guide companies
531
1599530
1726
26:41
toward moving quickly
towards science-based targets,
532
1601280
4123
26:45
which gets them then to net zero emissions
533
1605427
4436
26:49
by 2050 at the latest.
534
1609887
2707
26:53
CA: So think about this,
535
1613307
1191
26:54
because as an individual,
536
1614522
2095
26:56
many individuals
feel powerless on this issue.
537
1616641
3912
27:00
But if you were to team up
with others in your company,
538
1620577
4920
27:05
you might be amazed at how much
power you actually have.
539
1625521
2666
27:08
Almost all emissions come from
a company somewhere on the planet.
540
1628211
5278
27:13
And the thing is, many CEOs today
541
1633513
3023
27:16
are actually eager
to help solve the problem.
542
1636560
2913
27:19
We just heard this morning
from Anand Mahindra,
543
1639497
4675
27:24
who heads India's biggest business group,
544
1644196
2373
27:26
that he is personally
committed on this issue
545
1646593
2206
27:28
and wants to be part
of this journey with us --
546
1648823
2206
27:31
he's a supporter of Countdown.
547
1651053
1630
27:33
CEOs will be able to move much faster
548
1653434
3058
27:36
if there's a group of employees there
to brainstorm with, to support them,
549
1656516
6252
27:42
to keep that sort of sense
of urgency on the topic.
550
1662792
4709
27:47
Our website will help you connect
with others in your company
551
1667929
3762
27:51
and give you guidance
on smart questions to ask,
552
1671715
3047
27:54
initiatives to suggest,
553
1674786
1937
27:56
because if companies can be persuaded
to do the right thing,
554
1676747
4081
28:00
suddenly, this problem
seems to become solvable.
555
1680852
3942
28:05
CF: So all of these efforts are building
toward one fantastic day:
556
1685533
5305
28:10
Saturday, October 10, 2020 --
557
1690838
3136
28:13
that is, "10.10.2020." --
easy to remember --
558
1693998
4912
28:18
when this fantastic gathering
will take place around the world.
559
1698934
3849
28:23
And we hope to have, by then,
560
1703284
2674
28:25
thrilling news of the report
of the very specific solutions
561
1705982
3452
28:29
that nations, cities, companies, citizens
562
1709458
4340
28:33
are actually already
collaborating on by then.
563
1713822
3026
28:37
It's a day when every
citizen of the planet
564
1717326
3214
28:40
is invited to participate.
565
1720564
2061
28:42
Your one ticket of entrance
is you are a citizen of the planet.
566
1722649
4190
28:46
CA: Key to the success of the event
is for this to happen at scale.
567
1726863
5010
28:51
We want to make it easy
for anyone and everyone
568
1731897
2627
28:54
to find out about the initiative
and to play an active part in it.
569
1734548
3332
28:57
But how do you do that?
570
1737904
1286
28:59
You know, the world's a noisy place.
571
1739214
2069
29:01
I mean, the TED platform
can help a bit, maybe,
572
1741307
2643
29:03
but there's a much bigger
content platform out there.
573
1743974
3667
29:07
It's called YouTube.
574
1747665
2236
29:10
And we're delighted to be working
with them on this endeavor.
575
1750249
3690
29:13
We'll be inviting
many of their top creators
576
1753963
2405
29:16
to be part of Countdown.
577
1756392
2208
29:19
Collectively, they could reach
an audience in the many millions.
578
1759257
3023
29:22
In fact, let's meet one of them,
579
1762304
1538
29:23
Dr. Joe Hanson of "Hot Mess,"
580
1763866
1969
29:25
a new web series about the impact
of climate change on all of us.
581
1765859
4095
29:31
(Video) My name's Joe Hanson,
582
1771284
1976
29:33
and I am a YouTube educator.
583
1773284
1353
29:34
And you can count me in.
584
1774661
1940
29:36
I work with tomorrow's scientists,
inventors and leaders,
585
1776625
3486
29:40
and they deserve to know the truth
of what the science says,
586
1780135
3552
29:43
so that they can help us invent
a better future for everyone.
587
1783711
4093
29:49
CA: Imagine that multiplied
by many others --
588
1789720
2120
29:51
it's very, very exciting, honestly.
589
1791864
2025
29:54
CF: And of course, when it comes
to spreading the word,
590
1794561
3048
29:57
every one of you in this room
can actually play your part.
591
1797633
3961
30:02
So if you have any way of reaching anyone
592
1802014
3503
30:05
who is concerned
about building a better future --
593
1805541
2718
30:08
and that should be
every single one of us --
594
1808283
2905
30:11
please, invite them to join Countdown.
595
1811212
2937
30:14
CA: There's one more card up our sleeve.
596
1814173
1952
30:16
We're excited to unveil
a global media campaign.
597
1816149
4549
30:20
This is a campaign with a difference.
598
1820722
2039
30:22
Just as TEDx exploded
599
1822785
2127
30:24
by being allowed to grow
as a grassroots phenomenon,
600
1824936
3524
30:28
this campaign is designed
to be co-opted everywhere on the planet.
601
1828484
5201
30:34
If you happen to own a billboard company,
602
1834421
2777
30:37
or a TV station, or a radio station,
603
1837222
2062
30:39
or a website,
604
1839308
1460
30:40
or a social media account,
605
1840792
3150
30:43
we invite all of you to take the images
you're about to see
606
1843966
3287
30:47
and to just spread them far and wide.
607
1847277
2714
30:50
Our website will make this easy.
608
1850015
2270
30:52
We actually plan to translate them
into many languages,
609
1852309
2587
30:54
courtesy of our volunteer army
of more than 20,000 translators worldwide.
610
1854920
4905
30:59
Some of them are with us here.
611
1859849
1444
31:01
If you're a TED translator,
would you wave, please?
612
1861317
2933
31:05
CF: There we go.
613
1865539
1162
31:06
(Applause)
614
1866725
2138
31:08
CA: Your work carries powerful ideas
to every corner of the earth.
615
1868887
3166
31:12
We're so proud of you, so grateful to you.
616
1872077
2238
31:14
So this campaign's designed
to grab attention
617
1874339
3349
31:17
and to communicate, yes, urgency
618
1877712
3135
31:20
but also a little smidgen of hope.
619
1880871
2270
31:23
We think it might be that combination
is what is needed to really drive action.
620
1883165
4523
31:27
We'd love you to let us know
what you think of these.
621
1887712
4056
31:31
CF: Right now.
622
1891792
1155
31:32
[Choose your future.]
623
1892971
1322
31:34
(Applause)
624
1894317
3183
31:37
[Turn fear into action
Join the countdown.]
625
1897524
2013
31:39
(Applause)
626
1899561
3167
31:43
[Action inspires action
627
1903090
1209
31:44
Join the countdown.
The Earth will thank you.]
628
1904323
2254
31:46
(Applause)
629
1906601
1151
31:47
[10.10.2020
Climate's Day of Destiny. You're invited.]
630
1907752
2579
31:50
CF: Remember the date.
631
1910331
1389
31:51
[Mass destruction. No biggie.
(If we prevent it.)]
632
1911744
2366
31:54
(Applause)
633
1914134
1594
31:55
[Giant asteroid heading our way
The common enemy that can unite us.]
634
1915752
3269
31:59
(Applause)
635
1919045
2629
32:02
[We love natural disasters
anyway -- said no one ever.
636
1922099
2596
32:04
So why are we causing them?]
637
1924719
1461
32:06
(Applause)
638
1926204
1507
32:08
[Relax, there's nothing
you can do about the climate
639
1928292
2507
32:10
Unless you work for a company.
Or live in a city.
640
1930823
2378
32:13
Or own a phone. Or a brain.]
641
1933205
1396
32:14
[Cause of death: Apathy.
But there's an antidote.]
642
1934625
2357
32:17
(Applause)
643
1937006
2538
32:19
[Stop f*cking everything up
644
1939568
1415
32:21
Inaction on climate is obscene.
We can fix this.]
645
1941007
2358
32:23
CA: Too much?
646
1943389
1167
32:24
CF: No, not too much, yay, go for it.
647
1944580
1969
32:26
(Applause)
648
1946573
1181
32:27
[Have you gotten any action lately?
649
1947778
1722
32:29
Here's your chance.
Help turn the tide on climate.]
650
1949524
2467
32:32
(Laughter)
651
1952015
1182
32:33
CA: I didn't like this one,
but my team, you know --
652
1953221
2494
32:35
CF: Apparently, there are many
who do like it.
653
1955739
2278
32:38
(Laughter)
654
1958041
2293
32:40
[We give up. Sincerely, TED.
655
1960358
1413
32:41
Spreading ideas isn't enough.
It's time to act. Join us?]
656
1961795
2719
32:44
CA: This is, unfortunately,
truer than you know.
657
1964538
2262
32:46
[Some things matter more
than partisan politics
658
1966824
2246
32:49
Come fight the enemy that can unite us.]
659
1969094
1993
32:51
(Applause)
660
1971111
1057
32:52
[Stop burnout
661
1972192
1151
32:53
Your company can help save the earth.]
662
1973367
1870
32:55
[Give the planet more
than you take from it
663
1975261
2119
32:57
Join the countdown.]
664
1977404
1784
32:59
[Despair, meet hope
665
1979212
1347
33:00
We can avoid climate catastrophe
if we take urgent action now.]
666
1980583
3028
33:03
CA: That's it.
667
1983635
1151
33:04
(Applause and cheers)
668
1984810
3042
33:07
CF: To bring this full circle,
669
1987876
1483
33:09
we would like to bring
someone very special in.
670
1989383
3136
33:12
(Video) Hi, I'm Claire O'Neill.
671
1992543
1666
33:14
I am the COP president-designate
for next year's Conference of the Parties,
672
1994233
4479
33:18
the annual UN climate change talks,
which will be in the UK,
673
1998736
2897
33:21
and we're looking forward
to welcoming you there.
674
2001657
2301
33:23
But right now, I'm in Spain, in Madrid,
675
2003982
2786
33:26
at COP25, this annual event
676
2006792
2618
33:29
where we send negotiators and activists
from all over the world
677
2009434
3254
33:32
to see what we can do
to reduce CO2 emissions.
678
2012712
2675
33:35
But the problem is this:
emissions are going up, not down.
679
2015411
3134
33:38
And what I'm feeling is that 2020
is the year of action,
680
2018569
3040
33:41
the year where we have to stop talking
681
2021633
1810
33:43
and we have to start acting.
682
2023467
1348
33:44
And not just here,
in these conference centers,
683
2024815
2199
33:47
but everybody.
684
2027014
1151
33:48
And so the value of the TED process,
685
2028189
2551
33:50
the value of what we're all doing together
686
2030764
2027
33:52
is that we're spreading out
the conversations
687
2032815
2135
33:54
and the solutions from inside this space
688
2034974
3294
33:58
out to everybody.
689
2038292
1396
33:59
And I'm really looking forward
to working with the TED group
690
2039712
2817
34:02
over the next year.
691
2042553
1191
34:03
2020, for me, will be the most
important year for climate action,
692
2043768
3056
34:06
and we're all going
to deliver this together.
693
2046848
2754
34:09
(Applause)
694
2049626
2651
34:12
CF: OK, friends, so we're nearly there
695
2052301
1947
34:14
but just a few more very special snippets.
696
2054272
3416
34:17
First, a word from one
of the many great minds
697
2057712
4428
34:22
who will be accompanying us
on this journey.
698
2062164
2961
34:25
A message from the great author,
historian and futurist
699
2065149
4539
34:29
Yuval Harari.
700
2069712
1150
34:31
Yuval Harari: Climate change
is about inequality.
701
2071927
2794
34:34
Inequality between the rich,
who are mainly responsible for it,
702
2074745
4023
34:38
and the poor, who will suffer the most.
703
2078792
2600
34:41
Inequality between us, Homo sapiens,
704
2081792
2770
34:44
who control this planet,
705
2084586
1594
34:46
and the other animals,
who are our helpless victims.
706
2086204
3418
34:50
Inequality between the scientists,
707
2090355
2405
34:52
who painstakingly search for the truth,
708
2092784
2992
34:55
and the professional deceivers,
709
2095800
2015
34:57
who spread falsehoods
at the click of a button.
710
2097839
2966
35:01
Climate change is about making a choice.
711
2101950
2826
35:04
What kind of planet do we want to inhabit,
712
2104800
3031
35:07
and what kind of humans do we want to be?
713
2107855
2733
35:11
A choice between greed and compassion,
714
2111371
3308
35:14
between carelessness and responsibility,
715
2114703
3071
35:17
between closing our eyes to the truth
716
2117798
3016
35:20
and opening our hearts to the world.
717
2120838
2904
35:24
Climate change is a crisis,
718
2124696
2111
35:26
but for humans, a crisis is always
also an opportunity.
719
2126831
4468
35:31
If we make the right choices
in the coming years,
720
2131744
3484
35:35
we cannot only save the ecosystem,
721
2135252
2936
35:38
but we can also create a more just world
722
2138212
3548
35:41
and make ourselves better people.
723
2141784
2442
35:46
(Applause)
724
2146228
6794
35:53
CF: So isn't that a powerful framing
of what we have ahead of us,
725
2153046
3254
35:56
and honestly, I think it is tragic
726
2156324
3482
35:59
that the power of transformation
that we have ahead of us
727
2159830
3715
36:03
is so severely diminished by those
who would want to politicize the issue
728
2163569
4567
36:08
and separate it into partisan politics.
729
2168160
3365
36:11
It cannot be a partisan issue,
730
2171549
2619
36:14
it cannot be a politicized issue.
731
2174192
2200
36:16
Happily, there are some
who are working against that.
732
2176768
2793
36:19
Today, we have one of those people,
733
2179585
2849
36:22
a fantastically courageous
climate scientist,
734
2182458
3310
36:25
who is a committed Christian,
735
2185792
1936
36:27
and who has been working on this issue
736
2187752
1842
36:29
with conservatives and with the religious
and spiritual communities for years,
737
2189618
4326
36:33
with incredible courage.
738
2193968
2174
36:36
Katharine Hayhoe.
739
2196572
1150
36:38
(Applause)
740
2198437
2087
36:40
Katherine Hayhoe: When someone
says climate change, we often think,
741
2200548
3242
36:43
"Oh, that's just an environmental issue.
742
2203814
1950
36:45
People who are tree huggers
or scientists care about it,
743
2205788
2643
36:48
or maybe people who are on the left
hand-side of the political spectrum."
744
2208455
3442
36:51
But the reality is,
whether we know it or not,
745
2211921
2163
36:54
we already care about climate change,
no matter who we are.
746
2214108
3239
36:57
Why?
747
2217371
1168
36:58
Because climate change affects
everything we already care about today.
748
2218563
3554
37:02
It affects our health,
749
2222141
1412
37:03
it affects the food we eat,
750
2223577
1730
37:05
the water we drink,
the air that we breathe.
751
2225331
2746
37:08
Climate change affects the economy
and national security.
752
2228101
3302
37:11
I care about a changing climate
because it is, as the military calls it,
753
2231427
3912
37:15
a threat multiplier.
754
2235363
1539
37:17
It takes issues like poverty and hunger,
755
2237331
2595
37:19
disease, lack of access to clean water,
756
2239950
2453
37:22
even political instability,
757
2242427
1833
37:24
and exacerbates or amplifies them.
758
2244284
2266
37:27
That's why, to care
about a changing climate,
759
2247069
2103
37:29
we don't have to be
a certain type of person.
760
2249196
2111
37:31
A thermometer isn't blue or red,
761
2251331
2302
37:33
liberal or conservative --
762
2253657
1572
37:35
it gives us the same number
no matter how we vote.
763
2255253
2903
37:38
And we are all affected
by the impacts of a changing climate.
764
2258180
3397
37:41
So to care about a changing climate,
765
2261601
1809
37:43
all we have to be is one thing:
766
2263434
1762
37:45
a human, living on planet Earth.
767
2265220
2056
37:47
And we're all that.
768
2267300
1658
37:49
(Applause)
769
2269831
2976
37:52
CF: And finally,
770
2272831
1151
37:54
the man who brought this issue
so powerfully to everyone's attention
771
2274006
4714
37:58
years ago
772
2278744
1484
38:00
and has continued tirelessly
to work on that issue ever since.
773
2280252
5115
38:05
The one and very only, Al Gore.
774
2285391
3125
38:08
(Applause)
775
2288907
3371
38:12
(Video) Al Gore: Thank you.
776
2292302
1306
38:13
(Applause)
777
2293632
1323
38:14
Thank you so much, Christiana,
778
2294979
1455
38:16
and thank you for
your outstanding leadership,
779
2296458
2705
38:19
and thank you, Chris Anderson
and the entire TED community,
780
2299187
3855
38:23
YouTube and all of the others
who are joining
781
2303066
3603
38:26
in this fantastic initiative.
782
2306693
2150
38:29
I have just three messages.
783
2309479
1765
38:31
Number one, this crisis
is incredibly urgent.
784
2311268
3615
38:35
Just yesterday, the scientists
gave us the report
785
2315495
3324
38:38
that emissions are still going up.
786
2318843
2730
38:41
Every single day,
787
2321597
1286
38:42
we're putting 150 million tons
of man-made global warming pollution
788
2322907
5858
38:48
into the thin shell of atmosphere
surrounding our planet.
789
2328789
3492
38:52
The accumulated amount now
traps as much extra energy every day
790
2332305
4383
38:56
as would be released by 500,000
first-generation atomic bombs
791
2336712
5216
39:01
exploding every single day.
792
2341952
2265
39:04
And the consequences
are increasingly clear --
793
2344543
3262
39:07
all that mother nature is telling us,
794
2347829
2923
39:10
the fires, and the sea-level rise,
795
2350776
1793
39:12
and the floods, and the mud slides,
796
2352593
2103
39:14
and the loss of living species.
797
2354720
1952
39:16
But the second message that I have
is the hope is very real.
798
2356696
4839
39:21
We actually do have
the solutions available to us.
799
2361559
4056
39:25
It is unfortunately true at this moment,
800
2365639
3017
39:28
that the crisis is getting worse faster
than we are mobilizing these solutions.
801
2368680
5856
39:34
But renewable energy and electric vehicles
802
2374560
2096
39:36
and batteries
and regenerative agriculture,
803
2376680
2278
39:38
circular manufacturing,
804
2378982
1786
39:40
and all of these other solutions
are gaining momentum.
805
2380792
3957
39:45
The late economist Rudi Dornbusch,
806
2385162
1746
39:46
in articulating what's known
as Dornbusch's law, said,
807
2386932
3770
39:50
"Things take longer to happen
than you think they will.
808
2390726
3484
39:54
But then, they happen much faster
than you thought they could."
809
2394234
3256
39:57
We can pick up the pace.
810
2397919
2397
40:00
We are gaining momentum
811
2400340
1746
40:02
and soon, we will be gaining
on the crisis.
812
2402110
2785
40:04
But it is essential that everyone join --
813
2404919
3017
40:07
of every political persuasion,
814
2407960
2189
40:10
every ideological persuasion,
815
2410173
2214
40:12
every nationality,
816
2412411
1243
40:13
every division has to be obliterated,
so that we, humanity,
817
2413678
4725
40:18
can join together.
818
2418427
2015
40:20
And in closing, I would just say
that for anyone who doubts
819
2420466
4135
40:24
that we as human beings
820
2424625
2747
40:27
have the ability to rise to this occasion,
821
2427396
3777
40:31
when everything is on the line,
822
2431197
2102
40:33
just remember that political will
is itself a renewable resource.
823
2433323
4659
40:38
(Laughter)
824
2438885
1001
40:39
(Applause)
825
2439910
7000
40:50
CA: Thank you so much.
826
2450554
1198
40:51
Thank you so much, Al,
for your leadership on this issue
827
2451776
2642
40:54
for so many years.
828
2454442
1200
40:56
None of this would be possible
829
2456617
1792
40:58
without an extraordinary
and fast-growing list of partners.
830
2458433
3723
41:02
I'd like to acknowledge them.
831
2462180
1867
41:04
(Applause)
832
2464791
4097
41:08
If you're watching this,
833
2468912
1198
41:10
you believe your organization
should be part of this,
834
2470134
2691
41:12
you can help in some way,
835
2472849
1690
41:14
join us, email me, chris@ted.com.
836
2474563
2452
41:17
This is going to take everyone.
837
2477434
2071
41:19
OK, before the Q and A,
838
2479887
1920
41:21
I just want to ask you a question
personally, Christiana.
839
2481831
3333
41:25
Like, what do you really think?
840
2485188
1894
41:27
(Laughter)
841
2487554
1023
41:28
No, you've been in so many of these.
842
2488601
2944
41:31
Does this initiative have a chance?
843
2491569
2334
41:35
CF: Well, first of all,
844
2495394
2643
41:38
we are at the point
where everything plays.
845
2498061
3523
41:41
Everything plays.
846
2501608
1802
41:43
And I'm really excited about this,
847
2503434
2611
41:46
because it has been very painful to me
to see how over the past 12 to 18 months
848
2506069
5658
41:51
because of the tragically
insufficient response
849
2511751
3349
41:55
that we have had to climate change,
850
2515124
1755
41:56
how that zeitgeist has been changing
from where we were in Paris,
851
2516903
3285
42:00
which was pretty positive and optimistic,
852
2520212
2286
42:02
to, now, despair, helplessness, anger.
853
2522522
3548
42:06
That's what is out there,
roaming on the streets.
854
2526602
2294
42:08
And I don't blame them,
and I have the same feelings.
855
2528920
2477
42:11
But the point is,
856
2531421
1236
42:12
we have to be able to transform that
into making the difference.
857
2532681
4695
42:17
And I think this is what this initiative
is actually potentially ready to do,
858
2537400
4968
42:22
which is to give every single person
who feels helpless --
859
2542392
4280
42:26
give them a tool to do something.
860
2546696
2786
42:29
Some will contribute small efforts,
861
2549506
2302
42:31
some will contribute large efforts --
862
2551832
1782
42:33
depends on what your influence area is.
863
2553638
3446
42:37
And to those who feel angry
and despairing,
864
2557108
5406
42:42
well, give them also an opportunity
to channel that energy --
865
2562538
4809
42:47
which is very powerful energy --
866
2567371
1826
42:49
into solutions.
867
2569221
2229
42:51
And finally, what is very
exciting about this
868
2571815
3040
42:54
is the scale, Chris, right?
869
2574879
2039
42:56
I mean, just look at those partners
that are going to be there.
870
2576942
3841
43:00
We have attempted many, many things
to bring to scale.
871
2580807
3368
43:04
But this, I think, is the most promising
initiative that I have seen,
872
2584199
5007
43:09
to be able to bring people to scale,
873
2589230
2207
43:11
to bring efforts and solutions to scale.
874
2591461
2394
43:13
And speed.
875
2593879
1674
43:15
Because if there's one thing
that we cannot, cannot fail on,
876
2595577
4897
43:20
is addressing climate change,
877
2600498
1500
43:22
but not only that,
878
2602022
1158
43:23
to do so in a timely way.
879
2603204
1667
43:25
CA: Thank you, that is eloquent.
880
2605625
2190
43:27
And thank you.
881
2607839
1159
43:29
That's it.
882
2609022
1153
43:30
(Applause)
883
2610199
7000
43:37
OK, we have many members
of the world's leading media here.
884
2617561
5881
43:43
We're going to have a Q and A,
885
2623466
1445
43:44
they should probably have
priority on questions.
886
2624935
2301
43:47
If it all goes deathly silent,
someone else can ask a question.
887
2627260
3015
43:50
If you're a member of the media here,
888
2630299
2257
43:52
please feel free to put your hand up --
we'll throw a mic to you,
889
2632580
3534
43:56
and we'll do the best we can.
890
2636138
1934
43:59
Rachel Crane: Hi, Rachel Crane from CNN.
891
2639022
2031
44:01
My question for you
is about more specific action
892
2641363
3016
44:04
that will come out of Countdown.
893
2644403
1563
44:05
We heard a lot today
894
2645990
1151
44:07
about how this is mobilizing
the globe on this issue,
895
2647165
2492
44:09
breaking people out of their silos,
companies out of their silos,
896
2649681
3094
44:12
but I'm curious to know,
paint a picture for us,
897
2652799
2271
44:15
of what the action
that will come out of this initiative
898
2655094
3325
44:18
could potentially look like.
899
2658443
1342
44:19
I'm sure it's all in early phases,
900
2659809
1785
44:21
we won't hold you specifically to this.
901
2661618
2071
44:23
CA: There's an intense process
going on between now and October,
902
2663713
4117
44:27
where we're trying to engage
903
2667854
1373
44:29
all of the world's best
thinking on climate
904
2669251
3476
44:32
around those five big areas.
905
2672751
1889
44:34
What we're hoping to have there
is multiple proposals in there
906
2674664
3393
44:38
that collectively take a huge bite
out of those issues.
907
2678081
4644
44:42
Some of them, there may be
one big one that dominates.
908
2682749
3675
44:46
You know, so transport, for example.
909
2686448
2158
44:49
Could we accelerate the end
910
2689455
2152
44:51
of the internal
combustion engine, somehow?
911
2691631
2092
44:53
What would that take?
912
2693747
1185
44:54
That would be a classic problem
made for this approach,
913
2694956
2647
44:57
because what governments decide right now
914
2697627
2897
45:00
depends on what they see
happening elsewhere.
915
2700548
3321
45:04
Would the decisions
of auto executives be shifted
916
2704259
2468
45:06
if they saw millions of people
on social media saying,
917
2706751
2837
45:09
"I will never buy a combustion engine"?
918
2709612
2027
45:11
Would they be shifted by the market signal
of a few hundred mayors, saying,
919
2711663
3698
45:15
"We are creating
a carbon-zero zone in our city,
920
2715385
4103
45:19
and we're going to expand it,
921
2719512
1794
45:21
and we're doing that soon"?
922
2721330
1311
45:22
Would they be shifted by a visionary
auto CEO taking the risk
923
2722665
3992
45:26
and coming forward and saying,
924
2726657
1437
45:28
"You know when we said
we were going to continue this till 2050?
925
2728094
3021
45:31
No. We can see the writing on the wall,
926
2731139
1864
45:33
we want to be on
the right side of history,
927
2733027
2048
45:35
we're doing this in 2030."
928
2735099
1253
45:36
We think there might be a pathway to that.
929
2736376
2047
45:38
So on some of these issues,
930
2738447
1336
45:39
it's going to depend on a massive amount
of discussion, bringing people together,
931
2739807
5040
45:44
showing -- this is what
you're so masterful at --
932
2744871
3525
45:48
is showing that other people
don't have the attitudes
933
2748420
2498
45:50
that you think they have.
934
2750942
1302
45:52
They're actually shifting,
you better shift.
935
2752268
2055
45:54
And so it's mutually raising
everyone's ambition level.
936
2754347
4127
45:58
And that is a cycle that happens,
937
2758863
2452
46:01
and we've already seen it happening.
938
2761339
1786
46:03
And so, on each of these issues,
that's what we're looking for.
939
2763149
2992
46:06
The biggest, boldest things.
940
2766165
1618
46:07
Dream bigger than we normally do,
941
2767807
1889
46:09
because there are more people at the table
than there normally are,
942
2769720
3682
46:13
i.e. millions of citizens engaged in this.
943
2773426
3080
46:16
That's the process,
and while that is happening,
944
2776530
2587
46:19
there'll be multiple other engagements
in companies and cities around the world.
945
2779141
3920
46:23
We hope that it all comes together
in a thrilling manner in October
946
2783085
4024
46:27
and we have something to celebrate.
947
2787133
1679
46:28
Dominique Drakeford:
My name is Dominique Drakeford
948
2788836
2437
46:31
with MelaninASS, or social media
as a form of media.
949
2791297
3970
46:36
In understanding the inherent correlation
950
2796836
2987
46:39
between the accumulation
of carbon in the atmosphere
951
2799847
5238
46:45
and the cumulative exploitation
952
2805109
2566
46:47
and extraction, extractivism economy,
953
2807699
4759
46:52
which creates sacrifice zones
for black and indigenous communities,
954
2812482
4254
46:56
how do we plan to,
955
2816760
2269
46:59
or how do you guys plan to mitigate
those systems of oppression
956
2819053
5556
47:04
as part of your strategies
within those five various components,
957
2824633
5077
47:09
so that we can really
begin to reduce emissions?
958
2829734
3397
47:13
CF: If the transformation
in our economy and our society
959
2833829
2757
47:16
does not include inequality closing
and social justice issues,
960
2836610
5641
47:22
then we're doing nothing.
961
2842275
1816
47:24
Because all of those things
will come back to bite us.
962
2844115
2548
47:26
So we have to put our arms
around the entire package.
963
2846687
3564
47:30
That is not easy,
but it is entirely possible.
964
2850275
2262
47:32
And that's one of the things
that I am so excited about climate change,
965
2852561
3365
47:35
because it is at the front
of this transformation,
966
2855950
4079
47:40
but it will bring many of the other issues
967
2860053
3802
47:43
that have been relegated to nonattention.
968
2863879
6068
47:49
It will bring those issues
to the fore as well.
969
2869971
2278
47:52
So the transformation
has to be an integrative transformation.
970
2872273
4397
47:56
Ellen Maloney: Hi, Chris, hi, Christina.
971
2876694
1923
47:58
My question is, are individual efforts,
972
2878641
2722
48:01
like ditching plastic straws
or going vegan,
973
2881387
4301
48:05
making a difference
974
2885712
1254
48:06
or are they just tokenistic
drops in the ocean?
975
2886990
3159
48:10
CF: Good question.
976
2890173
1182
48:11
CA: It's a good question.
977
2891379
1428
48:12
CF: They are totally important.
978
2892831
2318
48:15
Absolutely important.
979
2895173
1524
48:16
Because it's not just
about the one straw that I use.
980
2896721
3230
48:19
It's about me not using that straw,
981
2899975
2572
48:22
going to a restaurant
and telling the waitress,
982
2902571
2229
48:24
"Excuse me, I don't want
a plastic straw, because --"
983
2904824
2547
48:27
and giving her a little lesson,
984
2907395
1523
48:28
then she goes up to the manager,
the manager comes to the table and says,
985
2908942
3490
48:32
"Excuse me, could you explain that to me?"
986
2912456
2095
48:34
Then you go through the lesson.
987
2914575
1513
48:36
And sooner than you think,
988
2916112
1289
48:37
you have that restaurant,
plus the other ones.
989
2917425
2243
48:39
Actually, information is contagious.
990
2919692
2574
48:42
And wanting to do the right thing
is also contagious.
991
2922736
3659
48:46
So don't look at it as just
simply, you know, "What is a straw?
992
2926419
4023
48:50
Am I using the straw
or am I not using plastic bags,
993
2930466
5552
48:56
I have my plant-based bags
to go shopping," etc., etc.
994
2936042
6858
49:03
All of that counts.
995
2943575
1645
49:05
It counts for you, first of all,
996
2945244
1712
49:06
because it is a personal reminder
of who you are and what you stand for,
997
2946980
5074
49:12
but it is also a very important tool
998
2952078
4032
49:16
to educate everyone around you.
999
2956134
2269
49:18
CA: Right, and I think
the core of our initiative is,
1000
2958721
2540
49:21
all that stuff matters -- what you eat,
1001
2961285
2147
49:23
how you transport yourself, etc.,
it matters a lot.
1002
2963456
2405
49:25
But there is another piece of power
that individuals have
1003
2965885
3932
49:29
that they don't think about
as much, perhaps,
1004
2969841
3450
49:33
and that we think that they should,
we invite them to,
1005
2973315
2580
49:35
which is what they can do as an employee
1006
2975919
2142
49:38
and what they can do
as a member of a city.
1007
2978085
2016
49:40
There's a coming together here,
1008
2980125
1722
49:41
where by getting organized,
by connecting with others,
1009
2981871
3000
49:44
we think there is a direct route
to changing decisions
1010
2984895
3648
49:48
that will have an even bigger
impact on the problem.
1011
2988567
3170
49:51
So it's yes, all of that,
but more as well.
1012
2991761
3606
49:55
(Laughter)
1013
2995391
1183
49:56
CF: There is an online [question],
from a classroom of children.
1014
2996598
4301
50:00
CA: From a classroom of children?
1015
3000923
1629
50:02
CF: "What can students do?"
1016
3002576
1331
50:03
Yay, I love that question,
totally love that question.
1017
3003931
2781
50:06
So first of all,
1018
3006736
1690
50:08
Fridays, 11 o'clock, go strike.
1019
3008450
2134
50:11
I mean, honestly, right?
1020
3011668
1623
50:13
(Applause)
1021
3013315
1365
50:14
Let's go, let's go.
1022
3014704
1357
50:16
And that pressure has to be maintained.
1023
3016085
2564
50:18
I'm totally delighted
that there's some people here
1024
3018673
2523
50:21
who've been here doing it for 52 weeks.
1025
3021220
2889
50:24
The problem with this is, folks,
1026
3024133
1755
50:25
this is not a sprint, it's a marathon.
1027
3025912
2714
50:28
So you better get ready
for many more 52 weeks, right?
1028
3028650
4206
50:32
And get more people involved,
1029
3032880
1531
50:34
because this is not easy.
1030
3034435
2214
50:36
If it were easy, we would have done it.
1031
3036673
1880
50:38
This is going to be a long-term effort.
1032
3038577
2326
50:40
But fantastic to be out there
in the streets,
1033
3040927
2634
50:43
you are getting so much
more attention from the media,
1034
3043585
2540
50:46
from us stupid adults
who have not done our job --
1035
3046149
3095
50:49
it is fantastic.
1036
3049268
1150
50:50
So, you know, get your voices out there.
1037
3050442
2357
50:52
Also, in school,
1038
3052823
1611
50:54
you can definitely go and improve --
1039
3054458
3254
50:57
The question that you just asked to TED,
1040
3057736
2190
50:59
that's the question every student
should be asking their school:
1041
3059950
3024
51:02
"Where's my energy coming from?"
1042
3062998
1592
51:04
Let's get with it, right?
1043
3064614
1237
51:05
Students in colleges --
1044
3065875
1402
51:07
how is it possible that we still have
colleges and universities
1045
3067301
3003
51:10
that are not 100 percent clean energy
1046
3070328
3165
51:13
and that haven't shifted
their capital and their endowment
1047
3073517
4064
51:17
over to low carbon?
1048
3077605
2024
51:19
I mean, it's just incredible.
1049
3079653
1503
51:21
(Applause)
1050
3081180
1921
51:23
And finally, the most important thing
that young people can do
1051
3083125
4238
51:27
is ask your parents,
1052
3087387
2730
51:30
"What the hell are you doing
about my future?"
1053
3090141
2741
51:33
Because here is an amazing thing.
1054
3093300
3180
51:37
I have spoken in --
I was thinking how many --
1055
3097241
2484
51:39
I've spoken to at least three if not four
CEOs from the oil and gas industry.
1056
3099749
5436
51:45
I've spoken to three or four
major investors,
1057
3105209
4334
51:49
heads of their investment firms,
1058
3109567
2103
51:51
who come up to me, usually in private,
1059
3111694
3238
51:54
and say, "Christiana, the reason
why I'm changing what I do in my business
1060
3114956
5699
52:00
is because my daughter, or my son,
1061
3120679
3270
52:03
asks me at night, 'What the hell
are you doing about my future?' "
1062
3123973
5325
52:10
That is a very powerful question,
1063
3130209
2913
52:13
and only young people
can ask that question.
1064
3133146
2920
52:16
Use that tool --
1065
3136090
2263
52:18
ask your parents what are they
doing about your future.
1066
3138377
3740
52:22
Sorry about the h-word.
1067
3142141
1533
52:24
(Applause)
1068
3144322
6761
52:31
Jo Confino: Hi,
I'm Jo Confino, the HuffPost.
1069
3151107
2333
52:33
Christiana, a question for you,
1070
3153464
2119
52:35
which is one of the things
that didn't come out so much
1071
3155607
3187
52:38
and this is about the spiritual traditions
1072
3158818
2465
52:41
and the role they play,
1073
3161307
2278
52:43
because what we're seeing
1074
3163609
1607
52:45
is that, actually,
old wisdom is coming out
1075
3165240
2299
52:47
in terms of interdependence
1076
3167563
1519
52:49
and nothing is separate
from anything else.
1077
3169106
2013
52:51
What is the spiritual tradition
we can bring to this
1078
3171143
2508
52:53
that will make, also, a difference?
1079
3173675
1718
52:55
CF: What I think is very powerful
about understanding,
1080
3175417
3314
52:58
whether you happen to be
a spiritual person
1081
3178755
3536
53:02
that pursues meditation and mindfulness
1082
3182315
3792
53:06
or whether you're a religious
person or not,
1083
3186131
2539
53:08
what I think is very powerful
1084
3188694
2079
53:10
about the spiritual understanding
of the human presence on this earth,
1085
3190797
4915
53:15
is to understand that we are not separate.
1086
3195736
4285
53:20
It's not like,
"Over there is planet Earth,
1087
3200371
3110
53:23
and then humans are over here."
1088
3203505
2167
53:25
And we are totally interconnected
with all other species
1089
3205696
2910
53:28
and with all other living beings,
1090
3208630
1757
53:30
and doing the responsible thing by them,
1091
3210411
3666
53:34
does the responsible thing by us.
1092
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2071
53:36
And vice versa.
1093
3216196
1326
53:37
And so that interconnectedness
1094
3217546
1817
53:39
is one that comes
from the spiritual traditions,
1095
3219387
2460
53:41
but you don't have to be religious
or spiritual to understand that.
1096
3221871
3206
53:45
You know, the fact is,
1097
3225101
1373
53:46
every single drop of water
that we drink comes from nature.
1098
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3610
53:50
Every single morsel of food that we eat
1099
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2413
53:52
comes from nature.
1100
3232569
1151
53:53
And we've got to heal that connection.
1101
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2365
53:56
CA: We would welcome engagement.
1102
3236133
1547
53:57
(Applause)
1103
3237704
3649
54:01
Kaley Roshitsh: Hi, Kaley Roshitsh
from Women's Wear Daily.
1104
3241815
3111
54:04
Obviously, the fashion industry
is responsible for a lot
1105
3244950
2747
54:07
of the carbon output,
1106
3247721
1513
54:09
so I wondered what is your perspective
on conscious consumption?
1107
3249258
3841
54:13
CA: The key goal here is to align,
at the same time,
1108
3253496
4507
54:18
to change opinion on what companies do,
1109
3258027
2239
54:20
what employees do, what consumers do.
1110
3260290
2238
54:22
It's the shifts all happening
at the same time that can make change.
1111
3262988
4674
54:27
Right now, someone else
is always the problem.
1112
3267686
2183
54:29
"Our investors wouldn't allow
us to do that."
1113
3269893
2134
54:32
"There is no market for this better,
more sustainable product."
1114
3272051
3573
54:35
And so, all the pieces
need to happen at the same time.
1115
3275965
3071
54:39
That's our hope.
1116
3279060
1722
54:40
And so the lead on this is not us,
1117
3280806
2168
54:42
it's employees and CEOs
and leadership teams
1118
3282998
3388
54:46
working in that industry.
1119
3286410
2397
54:49
Get together, make something happen.
1120
3289657
2561
54:52
And ride the tide of the zeitgeist shift
that is happening --
1121
3292242
4740
54:57
it's going to work out
from the business point of view as well.
1122
3297006
2972
55:00
CF: Can I jump on that as well?
1123
3300002
1656
55:01
Because for years, for centuries,
1124
3301682
3611
55:05
we have been on a consumer
extract-and-consume mentality.
1125
3305317
5024
55:10
They way we go about our life
1126
3310365
1903
55:12
and the way that businesses are created
1127
3312292
2087
55:14
is extract, use, discard,
extract, use, discard.
1128
3314403
3674
55:18
That's a simplification, but honestly,
it's about as simple as that.
1129
3318101
3250
55:21
And to understand that that linear
extraction to discard
1130
3321375
4603
55:26
can no longer be the case,
that it needs to be circular now,
1131
3326002
3015
55:29
we have to go into a circular economy
1132
3329041
3523
55:32
that uses every single resource
that we extract --
1133
3332588
2892
55:35
because we will continue to extract --
1134
3335504
1826
55:37
that uses it not once
but two, three, four, five, 10 times,
1135
3337354
3099
55:40
around and around in circles.
1136
3340477
1515
55:42
That's a circular economy.
1137
3342016
1371
55:43
And we have to get to that point,
1138
3343411
2079
55:45
because frankly, we're running out
of resources to continue to extract.
1139
3345514
4571
55:50
Jodi Xu Klein: Hi, my name
is Jodi Xu Klein.
1140
3350109
2262
55:52
I'm with the South China Morning Post,
a Hong Kong publication here in the US.
1141
3352395
5047
55:57
So, we've been reporting on trade war
for more than a year,
1142
3357466
3502
56:00
and we're actually living in a world
1143
3360992
2607
56:03
where countries are decoupling
from each other.
1144
3363623
2884
56:06
How do you overcome that trend
and bring everyone together?
1145
3366531
5334
56:11
CA: We don't know,
1146
3371889
1198
56:13
these are really challenging issues.
1147
3373111
1722
56:14
What we do know is that we have to bring
everyone to the table
1148
3374857
2912
56:17
and have the discussion.
1149
3377793
1238
56:19
There are so many people in China,
1150
3379055
1659
56:20
including, on many occasions,
1151
3380738
1389
56:22
the Chinese government has made bold steps
1152
3382151
3396
56:25
to tackle this issue.
1153
3385571
1881
56:27
There's a lot that the West can learn
from what's happening in China.
1154
3387476
3585
56:31
CF: I would say,
1155
3391085
1151
56:32
in a world in which we're seeing
a wave of nationalism and populism,
1156
3392260
5214
56:37
the way we go at this
is actually to expand
1157
3397498
3839
56:41
the breadth of engagement,
1158
3401361
2953
56:44
so not to let the responsibility
of engaging on climate
1159
3404338
4798
56:49
be in national government hands only.
1160
3409160
2382
56:51
Yes, they have an important role,
1161
3411566
1652
56:53
but we can bring it down as well
1162
3413242
2556
56:55
to a different level of engagement
which is every single human being.
1163
3415822
4396
57:00
And once we understand
that we're all human beings
1164
3420242
3115
57:03
and that we all have a common future,
1165
3423381
1770
57:05
there's no such thing
as all of us being in a boat
1166
3425175
2420
57:07
and only the one closest to the hole
in the boat are going to sink.
1167
3427619
3222
57:10
No.
1168
3430865
1151
57:12
Either we all sink
or we all float together.
1169
3432040
2071
57:14
Justine Calma: My name is Justine Calma,
I'm with The Verge,
1170
3434135
2825
57:16
thanks so much for this.
1171
3436984
1609
57:18
My question is about TED and YouTube's
own carbon footprint.
1172
3438617
5635
57:24
Streaming video eats up
a huge amount of energy,
1173
3444276
4071
57:28
and I'm curious what TED and YouTube
1174
3448371
5326
57:33
might be doing to reduce
their own greenhouse gas emissions
1175
3453721
3618
57:37
connected to that.
1176
3457363
1926
57:40
CA: I can't speak for YouTube, obviously.
1177
3460323
2211
57:42
I will say that, to quote
a line from George Monbiot,
1178
3462868
3888
57:46
all of us are hypocrites in this movement.
1179
3466780
2357
57:49
If you've ever bought something
1180
3469161
1913
57:51
or you're wearing clothes,
or you're eating food,
1181
3471098
3513
57:54
you're a hypocrite,
you're creating emissions.
1182
3474635
2373
57:57
It's part of life.
1183
3477032
1714
57:58
And I think perfection is --
1184
3478770
4044
58:03
There's a risk that perfection,
1185
3483182
1744
58:04
that an overpursuit and focus on that
1186
3484950
3802
58:08
and the judging that comes with it
can slow everyone down.
1187
3488776
3076
58:12
We want this to be a coalition
of the willing who accept
1188
3492178
3508
58:15
that they're not perfect
but are willing to act.
1189
3495710
2389
58:18
Now, this whole process
has sparked a huge conversation in TED
1190
3498123
4198
58:22
about how we act more responsibly,
1191
3502345
2796
58:25
and that will continue.
1192
3505165
1322
58:26
We're certainly not going to stop
streaming videos.
1193
3506511
3790
58:30
At some point you have to do math,
1194
3510325
1643
58:31
it's like that -- give to the planet
more than you take from it,
1195
3511992
3063
58:35
I think is the golden rule
that I personally really believe in.
1196
3515079
4071
58:39
And so if an idea, powered
by a little bit of electricity,
1197
3519174
4492
58:43
can ignite in someone's brain,
1198
3523690
2118
58:45
I would bet on the idea
over saving the electricity.
1199
3525832
3373
58:49
But there's no perfection in this.
1200
3529229
1626
58:50
And we definitely have a lot
that we need to improve on.
1201
3530879
2642
58:53
Let's go here and then back.
1202
3533545
1373
58:54
Lane Florsheim: Hi, I'm Lane Florsheim
from the Wall Street Journal Magazine
1203
3534942
3601
58:58
and Chris, I really liked
what you were saying
1204
3538567
2206
59:00
about the fashion industry
and what they can do to change
1205
3540797
2714
59:03
and how it requires employees
and CEOs to meet together
1206
3543535
2583
59:06
because who understands an industry
better than the people in it
1207
3546142
3032
59:09
and their processes and infrastructure,
1208
3549198
1905
59:11
but I'm wondering, what about companies
with huge footprints,
1209
3551127
3498
59:14
and two that come to mind first
are Amazon and Zara,
1210
3554649
3825
59:18
where, by all accounts,
1211
3558498
1365
59:19
the workers, the employees there
don't have very much power
1212
3559887
2889
59:22
and the CEOs don't have
very much incentive to change right now.
1213
3562800
4356
59:27
What would you say
about those kinds of companies?
1214
3567180
3103
59:31
CA: So this is going to be such
an important conversation going forward,
1215
3571307
3395
59:34
because we're in the ironic position
1216
3574726
2256
59:37
where the people who can do
the most to solve this problem
1217
3577006
3643
59:40
are the people who are currently
the worst offenders.
1218
3580673
2746
59:43
So what do we do?
1219
3583443
1163
59:44
Do we make them part
of the conversation or not?
1220
3584630
2598
59:47
I say we make them
part of the conversation,
1221
3587252
2063
59:49
so long as we see serious engagement.
1222
3589339
2653
59:52
So take Amazon.
1223
3592434
1151
59:53
Jeff Bezos has actually listened
to what many of his employees have said --
1224
3593609
4923
59:58
they've been very vigorous,
the employee base there,
1225
3598556
2434
00:01
about carbon footprint --
1226
3601014
1269
00:02
has listened, has engaged
with you and with others.
1227
3602307
3365
00:05
And they have announced,
I think it's correct to say announced --
1228
3605696
4155
00:09
CF: Yes, they have.
1229
3609875
1166
00:11
CA: ... an acceleration
of their own commitment
1230
3611065
2648
00:13
to go to, basically, a net zero track
by 2040, if I have it right.
1231
3613737
5596
00:19
It's the companies with the thousands,
the tens of thousands of trucks
1232
3619357
5254
00:24
and the packaging and all the rest of it.
1233
3624635
1976
00:26
That is how this problem will get solved.
1234
3626635
2514
00:29
So I say we invite these CEOs
to be part of this,
1235
3629173
5428
00:34
and urge them to take it seriously
1236
3634625
3278
00:37
and to go fast and maybe even faster
than they're completely comfortable doing.
1237
3637927
4134
00:42
But that's, I think, what we have to do.
1238
3642085
1933
00:44
Not to defame, denounce,
1239
3644042
4152
00:48
before we've at least had
a serious conversation about,
1240
3648218
3713
00:51
"It's time,
1241
3651955
1460
00:53
your employees want to do this,
1242
3653439
1500
00:54
your customers want to do this,
1243
3654963
1654
00:56
your investors increasingly
want to do this, let's do this."
1244
3656641
3761
01:00
That's our hope.
1245
3660807
1151
01:01
CF: And the wonderful thing
about companies the size of Amazon,
1246
3661982
2976
01:04
or Walmart when they did it,
1247
3664982
1488
01:06
is that they have a huge
trickle-up effect.
1248
3666494
2742
01:09
Because when Jeff Bezos came out and said,
1249
3669260
2039
01:11
"I'm going to make Amazon
climate-neutral by 2040 -- "
1250
3671323
2877
01:14
Paris Agreement says 2050,
1251
3674224
1250
01:15
of course he wants to do
everything better than that,
1252
3675498
2506
01:18
so 2040 is for Amazon.
1253
3678028
1557
01:19
Well good, we're going to keep him to it.
1254
3679609
2024
01:21
Now, the amazing thing about that
1255
3681657
2207
01:23
is that in order for Amazon
to be climate-neutral by 2040,
1256
3683888
4134
01:28
they have to work
with all their supply chain going up.
1257
3688046
3110
01:31
They have to work
with all of those companies
1258
3691180
2286
01:33
that deliver services and goods to them
1259
3693490
2293
01:35
for them to also be climate neutral ASAP.
1260
3695807
2523
01:38
Because otherwise, they can't meet
their own commitment.
1261
3698354
2660
01:41
So large companies are actually
very, very key and instrumental to this,
1262
3701038
4975
01:46
because it's not just
about their footprint,
1263
3706037
2818
01:48
it's about the embedded footprint
that they inherit in their supply chain.
1264
3708879
5238
01:54
And the transformation of that
is really huge.
1265
3714141
3095
01:57
CA: Last question.
1266
3717888
1762
01:59
Jackie Padilla: My name is Jackie
with NowThis News,
1267
3719674
2489
02:02
and every day, I work
with young climate activists
1268
3722187
2441
02:04
like the ones we've heard today,
1269
3724652
1555
02:06
but when we do stories on them,
1270
3726231
1894
02:08
you know, including Greta Thunberg,
1271
3728149
1690
02:09
I see fierce criticism that they face
1272
3729863
2786
02:12
and largely, it's because
of a generational gap.
1273
3732673
2324
02:15
I don't know if you're familiar
with the phrase "OK Boomer,"
1274
3735395
2896
02:18
but it seems like there's a lot
of guilt or accountability
1275
3738315
5050
02:23
that some are looking for,
1276
3743389
1275
02:24
and on the other end,
we're looking at a lack of education
1277
3744688
2715
02:27
or just ignorance on the issue.
1278
3747427
1539
02:28
So what is your advice to young people
to respond to that criticism
1279
3748990
4544
02:33
to foster constructive conversations?
1280
3753558
2842
02:36
CF: We should probably ask them.
1281
3756424
2063
02:38
XB: Hi, thank you for your question.
1282
3758511
2336
02:40
CA: Come here.
1283
3760871
1667
02:42
(Applause)
1284
3762562
1959
02:46
XB: It is true that we
increasingly face criticism,
1285
3766506
2635
02:49
and it's not only when we speak to people,
with climate deniers
1286
3769165
3118
02:52
or things like that,
1287
3772307
1151
02:53
but also on social media.
1288
3773482
1873
02:55
It is as much a tool to spread information
1289
3775379
3381
02:58
and organize our strikes
1290
3778784
1306
03:00
and get the information out there,
1291
3780114
1915
03:02
but it's also a tool for people
who want to undermine us,
1292
3782053
3119
03:05
to personally attack us.
1293
3785196
2373
03:07
And the way in which we stay resilient
1294
3787593
3651
03:11
is when we build community
with each other,
1295
3791268
3722
03:15
when we organize,
1296
3795014
1349
03:16
we mimic the world we want to see.
1297
3796387
2333
03:18
There is no hierarchy in our organizing,
1298
3798744
2627
03:21
we are all working towards
the same goal constructively,
1299
3801395
3738
03:25
choosing our passions towards
making the strike the best it can be.
1300
3805157
5342
03:30
We got 300,000 people
striking in New York,
1301
3810523
3683
03:34
we put together a whole concert,
1302
3814230
2370
03:36
people called it
"Climchella," it was great.
1303
3816624
2507
03:39
(Laughter)
1304
3819505
1793
03:41
But the point is that
it's not going to stop us.
1305
3821322
3897
03:45
The criticism is not going to stop us.
1306
3825243
1889
03:47
And even though we know that we are kids,
1307
3827156
2659
03:49
and we are not here to tell you
all the solutions
1308
3829839
3029
03:52
that already are out there.
1309
3832892
2915
03:56
We are going to do it,
1310
3836125
2363
03:58
because every kid who cares
about the climate crisis
1311
3838512
2438
04:00
is going to grow up to study
through an environmental lens
1312
3840974
4651
04:05
and to change the world through that.
1313
3845649
2737
04:08
So we are here to tell you,
1314
3848752
3454
04:12
personally, climate activists that I know
don't use "OK Boomer,"
1315
3852230
4369
04:16
because we strive
for intergenerational cooperation.
1316
3856623
4713
04:21
And I think that blaming
and dividing each other
1317
3861840
4381
04:26
is not going to get us anywhere,
1318
3866245
2325
04:28
which is why we don't use it,
1319
3868594
1611
04:30
and I don't think it should be used,
1320
3870229
1715
04:31
and I actually want to thank everybody
who is doing something,
1321
3871968
4625
04:36
because action inspires action.
1322
3876617
3106
04:40
And you inspire us,
1323
3880033
2628
04:42
and we're glad
that we inspire you as well.
1324
3882685
2799
04:45
(Cheers and applause)
1325
3885508
6759
04:52
(Applause)
1326
3892291
3087
04:55
CA: Wow.
1327
3895402
1151
04:56
(Applause)
1328
3896577
1053
04:57
CF: There you have it.
1329
3897654
1510
04:59
(Applause and cheers)
1330
3899188
3563
05:02
(Applause)
1331
3902775
5510
05:08
CA: There is no better note
on which to end this.
1332
3908309
4881
05:13
Thank you.
1333
3913214
1151
05:14
(Applause)
1334
3914389
6699

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com
Christiana Figueres - Climate advocate
Christiana Figueres is the executive secretary of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), who led the recent COP 21 climate talks in Paris.

Why you should listen

Christiana Figueres has been the executive secretary of the UNFCCC since July 2010. She has directed five consecutive successful Conferences of the Parties, and is now charged with the intergovernmental process to deliver the 2015 Paris agreement on climate change.

Figueres has a long trajectory in the field of global climate change, having been a member of the Costa Rican negotiating team 1995- 2009, and having played a number of key roles in the governance of the UNFCCC before formally joining the secretariat. She initiated her life of public service as Minister Counselor at the Embassy of Costa Rica in Bonn, Germany in 1982. Moving to the USA, she was Director of Renewable Energy in the Americas (REIA) and in 1995 founded the nonprofit Center for Sustainable Development of the Americas (CSDA) which she directed for eight years. She designed and helped to establish national climate change programs throughout Latin America and served as high level advisor to both governments and private companies. In 2001 she received the Hero for the Planet Award from National Geographic.

More profile about the speaker
Christiana Figueres | Speaker | TED.com