Johan Rockström: 5 transformational policies for a prosperous and sustainable world
요한 록스트롬(Johan Rockstrom): 번영하고 지속가능한 세상을 위한 5가지 혁신 정책
Johan Rockström works to redefine sustainable development, and figure out what needs to happen. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
hopeful breakthroughs for humanity.
두 가지의 돌파구가 마련됩니다.
the Sustainable Development Goals,
plan for humanity
보편적이고 일괄적인 조약으로
development and good health,
Paris Agreement,
'파리 협정'이 채택됐습니다.
global warming under two degrees Celsius,
2℃ 이하로 유지하려는
we're still in the hand-waving business.
여전히 논란이 많습니다.
to step back one step
leaders really knew what they signed
세계 지도자들이 모여 결정한 내용을
transformational goals
on a stable earth system.
변혁을 꿈꾸는 목표들이지만
between these goals,
one favored goal at the expense of others.
잠재적 모순입니다.
on decent work and economic growth.
8번째 목표를 예로 들어보죠.
by exploiting natural resources
we simply must admit
to really, really address this
없는 건 이 조약이
universal package.
to step back one step.
some hard questions:
질문을 던져야 할 것 같네요.
the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030?
달성은 과연 가능한가?
with our current development paradigm?
실제로 존재하는가?
where we can really accelerate change?
상승 효과는 있을까?
the social and economic aspirational goals
진정으로 고민하는
have started to recognize
더 심각해지는 지구의 환경 문제에
rising environmental risks;
is a prerequisite
on a stable earth system,
'안전운영공간'을 지정해야 하는데
framework was introduced
across the world
with the nine environmental processes
그 틀을 잘 보여주는 그림입니다.
of the earth system,
of having good human well-being
we enter a dangerous uncertainty zone;
향하고 있다는 걸 말하고
likelihood of crossing tipping points
가능성이 높다고 경고하는데
from the ability of the earth system
지구 체계의 힘을
well-being for humanity.
quantify these boundaries,
지구 체계의 한계치에 대한
earth system for humanity.
Development Goals --
to seriously accomplish them --
this safe operating space.
실행되도록 해야 합니다.
that the Sustainable Development Goals
that we need to go through
for all co-citizens on earth,
함께 살아갈 밝은 미래를
in 2050 and beyond.
안정적인 환경의 지구에서요.
and not have only opinions about it,
실제로 직접 탐구하기 위해
the best thinkers and modelers
그리고 모형 제작자들을 모아
new complex systems dynamic model,
동역학 모형을 개발하기 시작했어요.
for the last 50 years.
만들어진 것이죠.
module, a global economic model;
of fantastic accomplishments.
결과물로 가득하죠.
a beautiful piece of work?
evening walking this through with you,
이걸 설명해 드리고 싶지만
is just to assure you
최초라는 것 밖에
to really analytically combine
with planetary boundaries.
and really convergent trends
수렴현상을 발견할 수 있었고
in our ability to now project
자신감도 많이 생겼어요.
and systemic pathways.
예측할 수 있게 됐어요.
a robust opportunity
지속가능발전목표를 달성할
of attaining the SDGs within PBs.
coming from the real world,
Sustainable Development Goals.
정말 자세히 분석하고 있어요.
we calibrated this,
Sustainable Development Goals
education and food.
the seven regions of the world,
여기 이 거품들을
in our empirical observations
1인당 GDP 대비 증가율을
simulations into the future,
모의 실험을 해 보면
the lines here to attain the SDGs.
달성할 여지가 나타납니다.
of doing several scenarios,
가능한 미래를 예측해 볼 수 있는
different governance options,
the future can look like
우리 능력의 미래에 대해
the SDGs within PBs.
really surprised us.
the first time it's shown.
be referenced outside of this room.
along two axes.
to stay within planetary boundaries.
to the safe operating space.
안전운영공간에 가까워 집니다.
the Sustainable Development Goals;
the more of the SDGs we fulfill.
더 많은 목표들이 달성되는 거죠.
the upper right-hand corner,
우리 모두 원하는 안전하고 공정한
were in a safe operating space
안전운영공간 내에 있었지만
on an increasing number of SDGs,
많이 달성되며
of the safe operating space on earth.
그 대가를 치르고 있습니다.
business as usual, into the future.
on some of the SDGs,
몇 가지는 달성할 수 있겠지만
of the stability of the earth system.
그 대가로 치르게 되는 거죠.
on economic growth
increase per year of income
심지어 2050년까지
of the world economy by 2050?
the following trajectory.
on SDG accomplishments,
좀 더 달성할 수 있겠지만,
of destabilizing the planet.
대가를 치뤄야 하겠죠.
to deliver on our promises by 30 percent
우리 사회의 모든 분야에서
a little bit better,
우리의 삶이 다소 나아지긴 하지만
a safe operating space for humanity.
확보하지 못하고 맙니다.
disappointing conclusion,
conventional futures, fail on the SDGs
지속가능발전은 실패로 돌아가고
a transformative, disruptive future,
outside of the box.
and dialogues enable us to identify
그런 미래로 갈 수 있는
actually potentially take us there.
by half every decade
배기가스를 반으로 줄입니다.
towards sustainable food systems,
향한 신속한 전환으로
in sustainable intensification
and investing in solutions
our development paradigm
완전히 벗어나는 거예요.
of the developing countries
많은 개발도상국의 상황을 보고
an economic growth such as in China,
the environmental parameters
that the richest 10 percent
more than 40 percent, maximum,
of equity across regions?
줄일 수 있지 않을까요?
in more education, health,
교육, 건강,
across the world,
on gender, inequality,
across all these five --
an amazing journey
지구 상에 안전하고 적정한
operating space on earth.
놀라운 여정이 시작될 겁니다.
a conservative, empirically based,
actually think of transformations
실질적 변혁을 기대할 수 있는
the safe operating space
모두가 열망하는
social and economic goals.
달성할 수 있는 겁니다.
not moving along this trajectory.
the operational delivery on the SDGs,
3년째에 접어들고 있으니
delivering on our promises,
않다고 인정해야 합니다.
an even tougher ability,
the earth system beyond tipping points.
a risk of a hothouse earth,
위기에 직면해 있는데
and create geopolitical instabilities
even more tough
really, really scares me.
I'm standing here tonight,
이유이기도 한데
of success is still open.
with ecosystem services and functions
back into a safe operating space.
여지가 있습니다.
사고가 요구됩니다.
as an incredible wake-up call
받아들여야 하지만
for transformative change,
of the SDGs as a transformative agenda
안전운영공간 내에서 추진되는
a safe and just world.
만들 수 있습니다.
really get on with it.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Johan Rockstrom - Sustainability expertJohan Rockström works to redefine sustainable development, and figure out what needs to happen.
Why you should listen
Johan Rockström leads the Stockholm Resilience Centre, focusing on a new approach to sustainability: the capacity to use change and crisis to spur renewal and innovative thinking. In 2009, working with an international team of scientists, he identified and quantified a set of nine planetary boundaries within which humanity can continue to develop and thrive for generations to come -- while crossing them could generate abrupt or irreversible environmental changes.
Since then, the boundaries research has spread among international organizations, governments, NGOs and companies and has been adopted as a new framework to guide the discussion about "sustainable growth". It is currently debated as a core part of setting the criteria that will follow the UN's Millennium Development Goals. Rockström also chairs Future Earth, an initiative to advance integrated science for global sustainability.
Johan Rockstrom | Speaker | TED.com