Andrew Marantz: Inside the bizarre world of internet trolls and propagandists
Andrew Marantz: Dentro do mundo bizarro dos trols e propagandistas da internet
Andrew Marantz writes narrative journalism about politics, the internet and the way we understand our world. Full bio
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people on the internet.
das piores pessoas na internet.
a lot of toxic garbage out there:
uma pilha de lixo tóxico por aí:
viral misinformation.
informações falsas que viralizam.
who was making this stuff.
how they were spreading it.
de impacto isso causa na nossa sociedade.
it might be having on our society.
some of these memes back to their source,
desses memes até suas fontes originais,
or who were making them go viral.
ou os faziam viralizar.
posso ir ver o que você faz?".
Can I come watch you do what you do?"
com um viadinho,
Brooklyn globalist Jew cuck
que conspira com o Partido Democrático?".
"Look, man, that's only 57 percent true."
isso é apenas 57% verdade".
in the living room
no sul da Califórnia.
in Southern California.
in his late 30s.
casado, na casa dos 30.
with a mug of coffee,
com uma caneca com café,
to Periscope and YouTube.
ao vivo no Periscope e no YouTube.
noxious talking points
assuntos periféricos e tóxicos
the American conversation.
had a Muslim-sounding name.
tinha um nome que soava muçulmano.
this seemed like an opportunity,
isso soou como uma oportunidade,
acabassem com quase toda imigração,
almost all immigration,
de maioria muçulmana.
uma transmissão ao vivo,
falarem alboroçados
worked up into a frenzy
mataria todo mundo,
was going to kill us all
nos assuntos mais comentados.
images like this one.
and philanthropist,
of some conspiracists online,
conspiradores on-line,
a globalist bogeyman,
manipulating all of global affairs.
secretamente manipulando o mundo.
if this idea sounds familiar to you,
se essa ideia lhe soa familiar,
who control the world
controlando o mundo
anti-Semitic tropes in existence.
mais antissemitas que existe.
in New York who planted that bomb,
em Nova York que plantou a bomba
he understood all this.
ele entendia tudo isso.
He was actually a lawyer.
do not drive conversation online.
não iniciam conversas on-line.
é que elas iriam nos unir
to bring us all together,
mais aberto, tolerante e justo.
and tolerant and fair ...
have never been built
sociais não foram feitos
what's true or false,
what's prosocial and what's antisocial.
o que é pró-social e o que é antissocial.
é medir o engajamento:
is measure engagement:
retuítes, esse tipo de coisas.
retweets, that kind of thing.
to get engagement,
crie engajamento,
call "high-arousal emotion."
chamam de "alta excitação de emoção".
mean sexual arousal,
obviamente isso acontece.
obviously that works.
that gets people's hearts pumping.
ou negativa, provoca um sentimento.
but dozens of them,
mas com dezenas deles,
uma e outra vez, e com sucesso,
again and again successfully,
not because they were tech prodigies,
não porque eram prodígios,
unique political insights --
como as mídias sociais funcionam,
how social media worked,
to exploit it to their advantage.
era um fenômeno isolado,
this was a fringe phenomenon,
relegated to the internet.
between the internet and everything else.
entre a internet e qualquer outra coisa.
on multiple TV stations
that one of the candidates
que um dos candidatos
internacional George Soros,
international manipulator George Soros,
com pilhas de dinheiro.
next to stacks of cash.
dos Estados Unidos,
the President of the United States,
está sendo manipulada por George Soros.
manipulated by George Soros.
and marginal and, frankly, just ignorable,
marginais e até insignificantes,
that we hardly even notice it.
que quase nem notamos.
three years in this world.
no core beliefs at all.
nenhuma crença básica.
apostando, racionalmente,
perfectly rationally,
to make some money online
ou chamar a atenção on-line,
as mais escandalosas possíveis.
as outrageous as possible.
who were true ideologues.
com verdadeiras ideologias.
was not traditional conservatism.
não era o conservadorismo tradicional.
to revoke female suffrage.
com o sufrágio feminino.
to go back to racial segregation.
with democracy altogether.
were not born believing these things.
in elementary school.
down some internet rabbit hole,
sem fim da internet,
libertárias ou socialistas,
or they had been socialist
mas muitas pessoas com quem conversei
of a high IQ and a low EQ.
de alto QI com baixo QE.
in anonymous, online spaces
anônimos e on-line
to these message boards
em fóruns ou em subreddits,
eram magnificados.
would be magnified.
something just as a sick joke,
positive reinforcement for that joke,
positivo por essa piada,
"internet points," as they called it,
believing their own joke.
que cresceu em Nova Jersey
who grew up in New Jersey,
foi morar em outro lugar
she moved to a new place
alienada e rejeitada
alienated and cut off
spaces on the internet
coisas chocantes e abomináveis.
the most shocking, heinous things.
really off-putting
look away from it.
in these online spaces,
esperta e a aprovavam.
they made her feel validated.
uma sensação de comunidade,
se esses memes chocantes
some of these shocking memes
num carro com amigos virtuais
with some of her new internet friends
em nome da raça branca.
in the name of the white race.
from Obama supporter
de defensora do Obama
completamente radicalizada.
out of the cult of white supremacy.
da supremacia branca.
I spoke to were not.
that I had to find common ground
de que precisava entrar em consenso
um propagandista fascista e eu não,
you're a fascist propagandist, I'm not,
all our differences will melt away."
e nossas diferenças vão desaparecer".
just look away from this stuff.
que não podemos ignorar essas coisas.
because only by understanding it
porque apenas se a entendermos
ourselves against it.
a nos vacinar contra isso.
I got a few nasty phone calls,
recebi algumas ligações desagradáveis,
female journalists get on this beat.
do que acontece com jornalistas mulheres.
couldn't tell I was Jewish,
muitos nazistas não diziam que eu era um,
kind of disappointing.
um pouco desapontado.
is being a professional anti-Semite.
um antissemita profissional.
is tipping you off at all?
escrevo para o The New Yorker,
I write for "The New Yorker,"
é um episódio de Seinfeld
is like if a Seinfeld episode
it would be nice
equals 12 percent chance of Nazi.
igual 12% de chance de ser nazista.
being descriptive, not prescriptive.
descritivo do que prescritivo.
of the internet like you and I
da internet, como eu e você,
a little bit less toxic.
as coisas menos tóxicas.
two kinds of skepticism.
epistemological information here,
em informações técnicas epistemológicas,
inteligente e burro.
o verdadeiro ceticismo.
it sounds like skepticism,
to knee-jerk contrarianism.
é uma negação automática.
é redonda, você diz que é plana.
você diz: "Sei lá, sou meio cético".
I'm skeptical about that."
I have spoken to in the last few years
brancos conversei que disseram:
todos estão tentando me doutrinar
they're all trying to indoctrinate me
and white privilege,
acho que não é assim".
man, I don't think so."
white teens of the world --
and a male privilege skeptic
ser redonda, ao privilégio masculino
you're being a jerk.
we all should be independent-minded,
todos deveriam ser assim,
who will say, "Well, I'm pro-free speech,"
"Eu apoio a liberdade de expressão".
that it's like they're settling a debate,
encerrando um debate,
de qualquer conversa significativa.
of any meaningful conversation.
happens after that point.
acontecem depois disso.
What does that mean?
and Richard Spencer
can harass anyone else online
pode assediar alguém on-line
the entire list of TED speakers this year.
dos palestrantes do TED.
cético da Terra redonda.
round earth skeptic.
da liberdade de expressão?
it's wonderful to be pro-free speech,
a liberdade de expressão,
how to say again and again,
of a more productive conversation.
de uma conversa mais produtiva.
legal de novo, então...
to Reddit or YouTube or Facebook,
o Reddit, o YouTube ou o Facebook,
what the algorithms showed me, right?
o que os algoritmos me mostravam, certo?
across the United States?"
pelos Estados Unidos?".
bizarre dynamic online,
and human decency as pearl-clutching
são vistas como algo chocante,
whether intentionally or not,
intencionalmente ou não,
is great for engagement.
são boas para engajamento.
everyone comments on it,
that has to happen here
que precisa acontecer
to fix their platforms.
consertar suas plataformas.
and you work at a social media company
na empresa de uma mídia social,
or, I don't know, own one,
for maximum emotional engagement
para engajamento emocional máximo,
to be actively harming the world,
causando danos no mundo,
on them to do that
and hoping that they'll do that,
the rest of us can do, too.
também pode fazer.
or suggest some better pathways
ou sugerir caminhos melhores
is really creative and thoughtful
e inspirador e quer compartilhar,
you can share that thing,
com alta excitação de emoção.
with high arousal emotion.
realmente importam,
this stuff does matter,
as powerful as they are,
comportamentais de nós.
behavioral cues from us.
it was really fashionable
was a revolutionary tool
irrecuperável pegando fogo.
irredeemable dumpster fire.
é muito vasta e complexa
is just too vast and complex
these ways of thinking,
esse tipo de pensamentos,
that the internet will inevitably save us
de que a internet nos salvará
de que ela nos destruirá,
will inevitably destroy us,
ourselves off the hook.
escapando da responsabilidade.
about our future.
sobre o nosso futuro.
at social media companies.
nas empresas de mídias sociais.
serem o assunto do momento.
progredir ou regredir.
for some inevitable future to arrive
pela chegada do futuro inevitável
that the arc of the moral universe is long
que o arco do universo moral é longo
by some mysterious force.
por uma força misteriosa.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Andrew Marantz - WriterAndrew Marantz writes narrative journalism about politics, the internet and the way we understand our world.
Why you should listen
Since 2016, Andrew Marantz has been at work on a book about the perils of virality, the myth of linear progress and the American far right. To report the book, he spent several years embedded with some of the conspiracists, white supremacists and nihilist trolls who have become experts at using social media to advance their corrosive agendas. He also watched as some of social media's earliest and most influential founders started to reckon with the forces they'd unleashed. The book, forthcoming in October from Viking Press, is called Antisocial: Online Extremists, Techno-Utopians, and the Hijacking of the American Conversation.
Marantz is also a contributor to Radiolab and The New Yorker Radio Hour, and has written for Harper's, Mother Jones, the New York Times and many other outlets. He holds an undergraduate degree in religion from Brown University and a master's degree in literary nonfiction from New York University. He lives in Brooklyn with his wife, who is a criminal-justice reformer; his two-year-old son, who is an excellent dancer; and an endless supply of peanut butter.
Andrew Marantz | Speaker | TED.com