Atul Gawande: Want to get great at something? Get a coach
أتول غواندي: هل تريد أن تصبح أفضل في شيء ما؟ امتلك مدرباً
Surgeon and public health professor by day, writer by night, Atul Gawande explores how doctors can dramatically improve their practice using approaches as simple as a checklist – or coaching. Full bio
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who has been really interested
how good you are now,
that really matters.
in the north of India.
an extreme form of this very struggle,
الصراع،
in the face of complexity --
has a one-in-20 death rate for the babies,
لديه معدل وفيات الأطفال واحد في العشرين،
ten times higher than they do elsewhere.
ما في أي مكان آخر بعشر مرات.
in birth for decades,
خلال الولادة منذ عقود،
that even in this place --
and put on clean gloves,
ووضع قفازات نظيفة،
of dilute bleach,
on the gloves from the last delivery.
على القفاز من الولادة السابقة.
with difficulty breathing everywhere.
من صعوبة في التنفس عند ولادتهم.
to stimulate them to breathe.
لتحفيزهم على التنفس.
you give them breaths with the baby mask.
ساعدوهم على التنفس بقناع الأطفال.
mostly from textbooks,
من الكتب المدرسية،
just how dire the situation is.
his temperature by the minute.
requires a successful team of people.
فريق ناجح من الناس.
skilled and coordinated;
ذوي المهارات والنسق،
in a place like this,
for 22 critical drugs and supplies
of the whole facility.
experienced professionals.
ذوو الخبرة.
part of thousands of deliveries.
عمليات الولادة.
that they face,
تقابلهم،
that really matters.
get better at what they do?
you learn, you graduate,
of managing their own improvement.
أن يطور من نفسه بنفسه.
all professionals have learned by.
Juilliard violin instructor Dorothy DeLay.
جوليارد، اسمها دوروثي ديلاي.
of violin virtuosos:
المبدعين:
habits of thinking and of learning
in the world without her
شق طريقهم في العالم من دونها
comes out of sports.
about this as a surgeon.
into my operating room,
as a very American idea.
قد أتى إلى الرياضة.
first American-rules football games.
إحدى ألعاب القدم الأمريكية.
violinist of his generation.
getting to write for "The New Yorker"
في الكتابة إلى " ذا نيويوركر"
and they return my phone calls.
وهم يردون على مكالمتي الهاتفية.
an almost two-hour conversation
دامت تقريبا ساعتين
to where he got in his career.
"Why don't violinists have coaches?"
الكمان ليس لديهم مدربين؟"
together from Juilliard,
as a concert violinist
الموسيقية
a little bit mechanical.
he became, he said.
in making it on your own.
that are standing in your way
know how to fix them.
that somewhere along the way,
what had happened to me as a surgeon.
improvement in my learning curve.
في منحنى تعلمي.
from one year to the next.
سنة إلى أخرى.
any better anymore.
as good as I'm going to get?"
of mine who had retired,
anything much he'd have to say
الشيء الكثير الذي سيتحدث عنه
dense with notes.
بالملاحظات.
had swung out of the wound
from reflected surfaces."
المنعكس عن الأسطح."
every once in a while.
at their sides resting comfortably.
أسفل جانبيه.
your elbow going in the air,
فإن هذ يعني
or just move your feet."
أن تحرك قدميك."
fundamentally profound about this.
في هذا.
your external eyes and ears,
الخارجيتان،
picture of your reality.
build them back up again.
drop down even further.
to have to work on things.
مضطراً للعمل على الأمور.
I would get worse before I got better.
ازداد سوءاً قبل أن أتحسن.
profoundly important.
مهم جداً.
called Ariadne Labs,
أريادني،
in the delivery of health care,
the World Health Organization
a team needs to go through
بها
are ready to go home.
للذهاب للمنزل.
wasn't going to change very much,
wasn't necessarily going to be enough
بالضرورة كافياً
that you needed to bring it alive.
لجلبها للحياة.
at a massive scale?"
in 120 birth centers.
ولادة.
in India's largest state.
basically we just observed,
got visits from coaches.
of doctors and nurses like this one
مثل هذه
and also the managers
المدراء
build on their strengths
they had to work on with people --
يحتاجون العمل عليها مع الناس ــ
fundamentally important --
when the baby mask is broken
قناع الطفل مكسوراً،
including the managers,
ended up coaching 400 nurses
المطاف بتدريب ٤٠٠ ممرض
across 160,000 births.
who did not get coaching --
of 18 basic practices
over the course of the years of study,
got four months of coaching
من التدريب
of the practices being delivered.
across a whole range of centers
من المراكز،
could be a whole line of way
طريقة كاملة
that could reach out in the world
أن تصل للعالم
تنجزها.
at the beginning of it, though,
هو واضح
all of the checklist together
reductions in mortality.
that were getting there,
ذلك،
learn to execute on the fundamentals.
الأساسيات.
to the labor and delivery room,
how quickly all of this happens
يحصل فيها كل هذا
that makes things.
measured her pulse
the heart rate of the baby.
and the fetal Doppler monitor,
الدوبلر للجنين
and the nurse knew how to use them.
تستعملهما.
which is normal.
of the contractions picked up,
that her cervix was fully dilated.
to do her next set of checks.
she worked her way through
she needed at the bedside.
جميع ما ستحتاج إليه سيكون بقرب السرير.
the sterile towel,
one push and that baby was out.
بالخارج.
in that room had changed.
at the community health worker
المجتمعية
did not seem to be alive.
with her checkpoints.
when that didn't stimulate that baby,
because you could count on electricity,
الاعتماد على الكهرباء،
that little girl's airways.
of being able to do that
on her mother's chest,
to grab that nurse's hand,
because of coaching.
saved because of it.
بسببه.
a few months later.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Atul Gawande - Surgeon, writer, public health innovatorSurgeon and public health professor by day, writer by night, Atul Gawande explores how doctors can dramatically improve their practice using approaches as simple as a checklist – or coaching.
Why you should listen
Atul Gawande is author of several best-selling books, including Complications: A Surgeon's Notes on an Imperfect Science, Better: A Surgeon's Notes on Performance, Being Mortal: Medicine and What Matters in the End and The Checklist Manifesto.
He is also a surgeon at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, a staff writer for The New Yorker and a professor at Harvard Medical School and the Harvard School of Public Health. He has won the Lewis Thomas Prize for Writing about Science, a MacArthur Fellowship and two National Magazine Awards. In his work in public health, he is Executive Director of Ariadne Labs, a joint center for health systems innovation and chair of Lifebox, a nonprofit organization making surgery safer globally.
In June 2018, Gawande was chosen to lead the new healthcare company set up by Amazon, JPMorgan and Berkshire Hathaway.
Photo: Aubrey Calo
Atul Gawande | Speaker | TED.com