Atul Gawande: Want to get great at something? Get a coach
Atul Gawande: ¿Quieres mejorar en algo? Consigue un entrenador
Surgeon and public health professor by day, writer by night, Atul Gawande explores how doctors can dramatically improve their practice using approaches as simple as a checklist – or coaching. Full bio
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who has been really interested
que ha estado muy interesado
how good you are now,
cuán bueno uno es ahora,
that really matters.
que uno puede llegar a ser.
in the north of India.
en el norte de India.
an extreme form of this very struggle,
una forma extrema de este gran esfuerzo
in the face of complexity --
al encontrarse con dificultades...
has a one-in-20 death rate for the babies,
una mortalidad de 1 de cada 20 bebés
ten times higher than they do elsewhere.
diez veces mayor que en otros lugares.
las prácticas esenciales
in birth for decades,
de muertes en los partos,
that even in this place --
and put on clean gloves,
lavarnos las manos y usar guantes limpios,
of dilute bleach,
con lejía diluida,
on the gloves from the last delivery.
en los guantes, del último parto.
para respirar en cualquier lugar.
with difficulty breathing everywhere.
to stimulate them to breathe.
para estimularlo, para que respire.
you give them breaths with the baby mask.
aire con la máscara para bebés.
mostly from textbooks,
principalmente de los libros de texto,
just how dire the situation is.
lo grave que es la situación.
en el cordón.
his temperature by the minute.
minuto a minuto.
requires a successful team of people.
requiere un equipo de gente eficaz.
skilled and coordinated;
y coordinados;
in a place like this,
los partos en estos lugares,
for 22 critical drugs and supplies
los 22 fármacos vitales y los suministros
of the whole facility.
de todo el edificio.
experienced professionals.
con experiencia.
part of thousands of deliveries.
en miles de partos.
that they face,
con las que se encuentran,
that really matters.
que uno puede llegar a ser.
get better at what they do?
en lo que hacen?
you learn, you graduate,
of managing their own improvement.
de manejar su propio perfeccionamiento.
all professionals have learned by.
se han formado bajo esta perspectiva.
Juilliard violin instructor Dorothy DeLay.
instructora de violín Dorothy DeLay.
of violin virtuosos:
de virtuosos del violín:
como un talento joven,
habits of thinking and of learning
de pensar y de aprender
in the world without her
en el mundo sin ella
comes out of sports.
proviene de los deportes.
necesita un entrenador.
about this as a surgeon.
into my operating room,
que viniera al quirófano,
que uno no necesita ser guiado.
as a very American idea.
en el deporte fue una idea estadounidense.
first American-rules football games.
partidos de fútbol americano.
en el que funciona el deporte.
violinist of his generation.
en el mejor violinista de su generación.
getting to write for "The New Yorker"
de escribir para "The New Yorker"
and they return my phone calls.
y ellos me responden.
an almost two-hour conversation
una charla de casi dos horas
to where he got in his career.
lo que es en su carrera.
"Why don't violinists have coaches?"
no tienen entrenadores?"
together from Juilliard,
en el conservatorio Juilliard,
as a concert violinist
como violinista de concierto
a little bit mechanical.
he became, he said.
para lo que llegó a ser.
in making it on your own.
en lograr las cosas solo.
that are standing in your way
que se interponen en el camino
know how to fix them.
that somewhere along the way,
en alguna parte del camino,
what had happened to me as a surgeon.
lo que me había pasado como cirujano.
improvement in my learning curve.
con una curva de aprendizaje hacia arriba.
from one year to the next.
había disminuido de un año a otro.
any better anymore.
ya no estaba mejorando.
as good as I'm going to get?"
que voy a llegar a ser?"
of mine who had retired,
que ya estaba jubilado,
anything much he'd have to say
que tuviera para decirme
dense with notes.
llena de notas.
las que importan.
had swung out of the wound
se salió del alcance de la herida
from reflected surfaces."
que reflejaban las superficies".
every once in a while.
se van muy arriba en el aire.
no tienes todo el control.
at their sides resting comfortably.
descansando cómodamente a los costados.
your elbow going in the air,
que tus codos se suben,
or just move your feet."
o solo mover los pies".
fundamentally profound about this.
muy profundo en todo esto.
hacen los grandes entrenadores;
your external eyes and ears,
picture of your reality.
más precisa de la realidad.
build them back up again.
mejorando de nuevo.
drop down even further.
disminuían aún más.
to have to work on things.
para mejorar las cosas.
I would get worse before I got better.
en los que empeoraba en vez de mejorar.
profoundly important.
profundamente importante.
called Ariadne Labs,
sistemas de salud llamado Ariadne Labs,
in the delivery of health care,
en la provisión de atención médica
the World Health Organization
a team needs to go through
que un equipo debe seguir
está en trabajo de parto,
are ready to go home.
ya pueden volver a casa.
wasn't going to change very much,
no cambiaríamos mucho,
wasn't necessarily going to be enough
no necesariamente sería suficiente
that you needed to bring it alive.
necesarios para hacerlo realidad.
at a massive scale?"
a gran escala?
in 120 birth centers.
en 120 centros de maternidad,
in India's largest state.
el estado más grande de India.
basically we just observed,
básicamente solo los observamos,
got visits from coaches.
de unos entrenadores.
of doctors and nurses like this one
y enfermeras como esta
and also the managers
y también a los directivos,
build on their strengths
sus puntos fuertes
they had to work on with people --
que debieron trabajar con la gente
fundamentally important --
when the baby mask is broken
sin rodeos si la máscara de bebé está rota
including the managers,
incluso los directivos,
ended up coaching 400 nurses
terminó entrenando a 400 enfermeros
across 160,000 births.
de 160 000 nacimientos.
who did not get coaching --
no recibieron entrenamiento--
of 18 basic practices
de las prácticas básicas
over the course of the years of study,
los años del estudio
no vimos ningún avance.
got four months of coaching
cuatro meses de entrenamiento
con una frecuencia más baja,
of the practices being delivered.
de las prácticas.
across a whole range of centers
en una amplia gama de clínicas
could be a whole line of way
puede ser un buen modo
that could reach out in the world
a las que podría extenderse en el mundo,
podrían realizar.
at the beginning of it, though,
por recorrer.
all of the checklist together
reductions in mortality.
importante de la mortalidad.
that were getting there,
lugares que lo estaban logrando,
learn to execute on the fundamentals.
a cumplir con las cosas fundamentales.
de primeros auxilios,
to the labor and delivery room,
a la sala de partos,
how quickly all of this happens
that makes things.
measured her pulse
le tomaron el pulso
the heart rate of the baby.
del bebé.
and the fetal Doppler monitor,
y el monitor fetal Doppler
and the nurse knew how to use them.
sabía cómo usarlos.
which is normal.
era 143, lo normal.
of the contractions picked up,
de las contracciones aumentó,
that her cervix was fully dilated.
estaba totalmente dilatada.
to do her next set of checks.
la siguiente serie de controles.
she worked her way through
she needed at the bedside.
lo necesario junto a la cama:
the sterile towel,
la toalla esterilizada,
que necesitaba.
one push and that baby was out.
un pujo y el bebé estaba afuera.
in that room had changed.
en esa habitación habían cambiado.
at the community health worker
a la agente comunitaria de salud
did not seem to be alive.
with her checkpoints.
con los controles.
when that didn't stimulate that baby,
cuando eso no estimuló a la bebé,
because you could count on electricity,
no podía contar con la electricidad,
that little girl's airways.
las vías respiratorias de la niñita.
of being able to do that
on her mother's chest,
sobre el pecho de su madre,
to grab that nurse's hand,
la mano de la enfermera,
because of coaching.
gracias al entrenamiento.
saved because of it.
se había salvado gracias a eso.
a few months later.
en contacto con esa madre.
en lo que hace.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Atul Gawande - Surgeon, writer, public health innovatorSurgeon and public health professor by day, writer by night, Atul Gawande explores how doctors can dramatically improve their practice using approaches as simple as a checklist – or coaching.
Why you should listen
Atul Gawande is author of several best-selling books, including Complications: A Surgeon's Notes on an Imperfect Science, Better: A Surgeon's Notes on Performance, Being Mortal: Medicine and What Matters in the End and The Checklist Manifesto.
He is also a surgeon at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, a staff writer for The New Yorker and a professor at Harvard Medical School and the Harvard School of Public Health. He has won the Lewis Thomas Prize for Writing about Science, a MacArthur Fellowship and two National Magazine Awards. In his work in public health, he is Executive Director of Ariadne Labs, a joint center for health systems innovation and chair of Lifebox, a nonprofit organization making surgery safer globally.
In June 2018, Gawande was chosen to lead the new healthcare company set up by Amazon, JPMorgan and Berkshire Hathaway.
Photo: Aubrey Calo
Atul Gawande | Speaker | TED.com