ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Magatte Wade - Brand creator
Magatte Wade creates jobs in Africa -- and calls attention to the obstacles to job creation on the continent.

Why you should listen

Magatte Wade's first company, Adina World Beverages, brought Senegalese bissap to US consumers through Whole Foods Market, Wegmans and United Natural Foods, Inc. Her second company, Tiossan, brought Senegalese skin care recipes to US consumers through Nordstrom and boutique beauty retailers. Her third company, SkinIsSkin, manufactures lip balms based on Senegalese ingredients in Senegal and markets them in the US to reduce racial bias.

Based on her experiences creating consumer brands and building agricultural and manufacturing capacity in Senegal, Wade has spoken at dozens of universities including Oxford, Harvard, Yale, Columbia and MIT, among other, as well as at global conferences on innovation and economic development in France, Dubai, Guatemala, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia and many more. She writes for the Huffington Post, Barron's, and the UK Guardian. She is a Young Global Leader with the World Economic Forum at Davos and has appeared on the cover of Forbes Afrique. She was also named one of the "Twenty Young Power Women of Africa" by Forbes US.

More profile about the speaker
Magatte Wade | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2017

Magatte Wade: Why it's too hard to start a business in Africa -- and how to change it

玛格特.韦德: 为什么在非洲,创业如此之难?我们要如何改变这一切?

Filmed:
571,196 views

企业家Magatte Wade认为所有非洲国家的贫穷可以归结于同一个原因:那就是政府 人为的设置了太多的障碍,从而阻止了大家创业。在这个充满激情的演讲中,Wade提出了她自己对此的解决方案,同时也号召其他领导者一起参与进来,改变这一切。
- Brand creator
Magatte Wade creates jobs in Africa -- and calls attention to the obstacles to job creation on the continent. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
Today今天, what I want to share分享 with you
is something that happened发生 to me,
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今天, 我希望和你们分享
发生在我生活中的一些事,
00:17
actually其实, around four
weeks ago, it happened发生.
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实际上,这大约发生在四周前。
00:19
Words were said to me that I never thought
I would ever hear it said to my face面对
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我从没想到有人会当面对我说出
00:26
by another另一个 human人的 being存在.
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这样的话。
00:28
And those words, they shattered破灭 my heart.
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这些话让我心碎。
00:33
And at the same相同 time,
they filled填充 it with so much hope希望.
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但同时,这些话听起来也充满了希望。
00:38
And the whole整个 experience经验
renewed更新 my commitment承诺
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这次的经历让我重新思考了
我今天将要分享的观点。
00:43
to the idea理念 that I came来了
to share分享 with you today今天.
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00:45
You see, I tell everyone大家
that I am a haunted闹鬼 person.
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我跟别人说我经常心神不宁。
00:51
What haunts出没 me is the impossible不可能 stories故事,
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让我焦虑的是那些匪夷所思的故事,
00:56
story故事 after story故事 after story故事 after story故事
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不断重复发生的故事,
00:59
of young年轻 people, my people, people like me
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发生在像我一样的年轻人身上的故事,
01:04
dying垂死 out there on the ocean海洋, right now,
laying铺设 at the bottom底部 of the ocean海洋,
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死在海洋里,现在躺在海洋的最深处,
被鱼吃掉。
01:09
serving服务 as fish food餐饮.
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01:13
Do you really think
that's the best最好 we can do?
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你真的觉得我们的最好结果是这样?
01:15
To serve服务 as fish food餐饮?
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成为鱼的食物?
01:18
And for those of them
who are trying to migrate迁移 to Europe欧洲 --
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而对于那些努力逃离到
欧洲的人来说——
01:20
because that's what it is all about,
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这是他们唯一的出路,
01:22
they are trying to migrate迁移
to Europe欧洲 to find a job工作.
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他们为了找到一份工作
而努力尝试移民去欧洲。
通过利比亚。
01:25
Going through通过 Libya利比亚.
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01:27
Do you know what happens发生 to us
when we're trying to cross交叉 through通过 Libya利比亚
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你知道当我们穿越利比亚的边境线,
被困在那时会发生什么吗?
01:30
and we're trapped被困 over there?
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01:32
Well, we're being存在 sold出售 as slaves奴隶.
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我们会被当成奴隶来卖掉,
01:36
For 300 dollars美元,
maybe sometimes有时 500 dollars美元.
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通常是300美元,或者500美元
就可以买下我们。
01:43
Sometimes有时 I hear stories故事
of bodies身体 that fall秋季 off an airplane飞机.
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我听说过一些飞机上
掉落尸体的故事。
01:48
Somebody hid in
the landing降落 gear齿轮 of a plane平面
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这些人藏身于飞机的起落架下面,
01:51
or in the cargo货物 section部分 of a plane平面,
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或者是躲在飞机的货物舱,
然后发现他们最后都被冻死了。
01:52
and then you find them frozen冻结的 to death死亡.
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01:56
Wouldn't岂不 you be haunted闹鬼 if, like me,
from the moment时刻 you were a little girl女孩,
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如果你小的时候就听到这样的故事,
你怎么能不害怕呢?
02:00
you hear these stories故事
and they keep repeating重复 themselves他们自己,
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你不停地听到这些故事,
同时这些故事
也在不断的发生时。
02:02
over and over and over?
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这一切怎么能不让你害怕担忧呢?
02:04
Wouldn't岂不 you be haunted闹鬼?
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02:05
That's my case案件.
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这就是我所经历的一切。
02:07
And at the same相同 time, you know,
as my people are dying垂死,
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如你所知,我身边的人、
我的民族在死去的同时,
我所来自的文化也正在消失,
02:10
my culture文化 is also dying垂死.
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02:11
There, I said it.
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我终于说出来了。
02:13
Because, you know,
we have this culture文化 inferiority自卑,
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我们有这种文化自卑感,
02:15
which哪一个 means手段 that anything
that comes from us is not good enough足够.
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意思就是我们生产的一切东西
都不够好。
02:18
But you know, in my situation情况,
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从我的情况来看,
02:20
and because I was raised上调 to criticize批评
by creating创建, it's Michelangelos米开朗基罗.
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我从小被教育要努力创新,
像米开朗基罗一样。
02:25
My father父亲 said, "Do not
come to me with problems问题
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我父亲总是这样教育我:
“永远不要带着问题来找我,
除非你已经有几个解决办法了,
02:27
unless除非 you thought
of a couple一对 alternatives备择方案.
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这些办法不一定要靠谱,
02:29
They don't have to be right,
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但总得让我知道
你有在思考解决办法。”
02:31
but I just want to know
that you thought of something."
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这也是我对人生的态度:
发现问题,那就想方设法解决它!
02:33
So, I have this attitude态度 in life --
something is wrong错误, find a way to fix固定 it.
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这也是为什么我开始创业的原因,
02:37
And that's why I start开始
the businesses企业 that I start开始,
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这些消费者品牌,
02:40
that's usually平时 consumer消费者 brands品牌,
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都被嵌入了非洲文化中
最好的那一部分。
02:41
that have embedded嵌入式 in them
the very best最好 of my African非洲人 culture文化.
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02:44
And what I do is it's all packaged包装,
21stST century世纪, world-class世界级 tendered招标,
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我把货物按照世界级市场标准
打包好,
02:49
and I bring带来 that to one of the most
sophisticated复杂的 markets市场 in the world世界,
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然后再把他们带到世界上
最成熟的一个市场里,
02:54
which哪一个 is the US.
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美国市场里面!
02:56
First company公司 was a beverage饮料 company公司,
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第一家公司是生产饮料的饮品公司,
02:58
second第二 one is a skin皮肤 care关心 company公司,
third第三 one is launching发射 next下一个 month,
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第二家公司主打护肤,
第三家公司将在下个月开张,
03:02
and they all have that in common共同.
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这三家公司都跟从同样的模型。
03:05
So, why are these people leaving离开?
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为什么这些人都在离开?
03:09
They're leaving离开 because they have no jobs工作.
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他们离开是因为他们找不到工作,
03:13
They're leaving离开 because
where they are, there's no jobs工作.
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他们离开是因为他们所在
的地方没能提供工作,
所以,
03:15
So ...
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03:18
But poverty贫穷, that's really striking引人注目 them,
is the root cause原因 of why they're leaving离开.
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贫穷,是他们离开的根本原因。
03:24
Now, why are people poor较差的?
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那现在问题来了,为什么这些人会贫穷?
03:27
People are poor较差的
because they have no money.
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人们之所以穷是因为他们没有钱,
没有钱是因为没有收入来源。
03:29
You have no money
because you have no source资源 of income收入.
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对我们大多数人来说,收入来源于哪?
03:31
And for most of us,
what is a source资源 of income收入?
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来,告诉我,什么能给我们带来收入?
03:33
For most of us, what is our
source资源 of income收入, what is it, tell me?
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03:37
Jobs工作, thank you.
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工作!(对台下观众:谢谢)
03:38
Where do jobs工作 come from?
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那工作从哪里来?
03:41
Come from where?
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从哪里能得到工作?
03:43
Businesses企业, thank you.
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企业!
03:46
Now, if jobs工作 is what fixes修复 poverty贫穷,
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如果工作是解决贫困的方案,
03:50
and jobs工作 come from businesses企业,
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而工作机会来源于商业发展、企业发展,
03:52
don't you think --
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你不觉得——
03:53
especially特别, they come from small
and medium size尺寸 enterprises企业, SMEs中小企业 --
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尤其是来源于中小企业!
03:57
then don't you think, maybe for a second第二,
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你是否有那么一刻想过,
03:59
that we should focus焦点 on making制造 it easy简单
for a small-business小本生意 person
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我们应该给小企业家
在开始创业的时候提供更多的便利条件。
04:04
to start开始 and run their business商业?
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04:05
Don't you think that it makes品牌 sense?
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你不觉得这个想法很合理吗?
04:07
Why is it that when I look
at the Doing Business商业 index指数 ranking排行
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当我看由世界银行公布的创业难易程度
排行榜时,
04:10
of the World世界 Bank银行,
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这个排行榜衡量了这个世界上所有国家
04:11
that ranks行列 every一切 country国家 in the world世界
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的创业难易程度。
04:14
in terms条款 of how easy简单 or hard
it is to start开始 a company公司,
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04:17
you tell me why African非洲人 countries国家,
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为什么非洲国家,
04:20
all 50 of them,
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那50个非洲国家
04:21
are basically基本上 at the bottom底部 of that list名单?
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全部都在榜单的最后面?
04:26
That's why we're poor较差的.
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这就是我们贫穷的原因。
04:28
We're poor较差的 because
it is literally按照字面 impossible不可能
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我们贫穷是因为在非洲的这些国家
04:31
to do businesses企业
in these countries国家 of ours我们的.
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创业几乎是不可能的!
04:34
But I'm going to tell you exactly究竟
what it means手段 on the ground地面
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我将从我的角度来告诉你
04:37
for someone有人 like me.
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这具体是什么意思。
我在塞内加尔有一个加工厂,
04:38
I have a manufacturing制造业
facility设施 in Senegal塞内加尔.
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你知道我根本没办法在我的国家
找到我要的生产原材料吗?
04:40
Did you know that for all my raw生的 material材料
that I can't find in the country国家,
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04:44
I have to pay工资 a 45 percent百分 tariff关税
on everything that comes in?
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我需要为所需要的进口的
原材料支付45%的关税。
04:48
Forty-five四十五 percent百分 tariff关税.
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45%的关税呀!
04:51
Do you know that,
even to look for fine cardboard纸板
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你知道吗,即使只是
简单地找一些硬纸箱
04:53
to ship my finished products制品 to the US,
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用来装我们生产好的产品,运去美国,
04:55
I can't find new, finished cardboard纸板?
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我都做不到。我找不到
全新的做好的硬纸箱。
04:58
Impossible不可能.
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完全做不到!
04:59
Because the distributors经销商
are not going to come here
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因为所有的经销商
都不会去塞内加尔
05:01
to start开始 their business商业,
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开厂、开公司,
05:02
because it makes品牌 no sense, either.
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因为这样做很不理智。
05:04
So right now, I have to mobilize动员
3000 dollars'美元的 worth价值 of cardboard纸板
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所以我不得不调集一批
价值3000美元的硬纸板
05:07
in my warehouse仓库,
so that I can have cardboard纸板,
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放在我的仓库,以供使用,
不然的话,五个星期内他们没办法到货。
05:09
and they won't惯于 arrive到达
for another另一个 five weeks.
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我们创业的想法被那些没有
道理的法律扼杀在摇篮里!
05:12
The fact事实 that we are stifled
with the most nonsensical无厘头 laws法律 out there.
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05:17
That's why we can't run businesses企业.
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这就是我们没法运营企业的原因,
05:19
It's like swimming游泳的 through通过 molasses糖蜜.
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这就像是在蜜糖里游泳。
(一样不可能)
05:21
So, what can you do about that?
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对这一切你能做些什么?
05:26
I told you today今天 that someone有人
said to me words that marked me,
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有个人曾经说了一些让我有感触的话。
因为我也曾向塞内加尔工厂
的员工解释过一样的事情。
05:30
because I explained解释 the same相同 thing
to my employees雇员 in Senegal塞内加尔.
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05:33
And one of them started开始 crying哭了 --
her name名称 is Yahara亚哈拉.
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一个名叫Yahara的员工
——当时就哭了。
05:36
She started开始 crying哭了.
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她哭了。
05:37
I said, "Why are you crying哭了?"
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我问她你为什么哭
05:38
She said, "I'm crying哭了
because I had come to believe --
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她说:“我哭是因为我意识到——
05:42
always seeing眼看 us
represented代表 as poor较差的 people --
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为什么我们总是被视作穷人,
05:44
I had come to believe that maybe,
yes, maybe we are inferior.
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我一度认为,
是因为我们是劣等的民族。
05:49
Because, otherwise除此以外, how do you explain说明
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不然要怎么解释
05:51
that we're always
in the begging乞讨 situation情况?"
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我们总处在一种像乞讨的状态。”
05:54
That's what broke打破 my heart.
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这让我很难过,
05:56
But at the same相同 time that she said that,
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但同时她也说了:
05:58
because of how I explained解释
just what I explained解释 to you,
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因为听了我刚刚跟你们解释的那些事情,
06:00
she said, "But now, I know
that I am not the problem问题.
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她说:“现在我知道我不是问题的根源,
06:03
It is my environment环境 in which哪一个 I live生活,
that's my problem问题."
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我的问题来源于我生活的这个环境。”
06:06
I said, "Yes."
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我说:“你说对了!”
06:08
And that's what gave me hope希望 --
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(她的领悟)这也给了我希望
06:10
that once一旦 people get it,
they now change更改 their outlook外表 on life.
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当人们意识到这一点,他们
对生活的看法就会随之改变。
06:14
Here, what are some
of our solutions解决方案, then?
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我们对这些问题的解决方案有什么?
06:16
If jobs工作 is a solution,
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如果工作是解决的办法,
06:17
don't you think, then,
that we should be simplifying简化
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那我们就应该让这些国家的创业环境
06:20
the business商业 environment环境
of all of these countries国家?
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变得更容易更简单。
06:23
Don't you think?
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你不觉得吗?
06:24
And along沿 with you,
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同时,
06:26
I would like for all of your friends朋友
from the other 50 countries国家
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我希望榜单后面的那50个国家
06:29
that are on the bottom底部 of that list名单
to do the same相同 thing.
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一起参与进来做这件事,
06:31
You do that, we do the rest休息 of the job工作.
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你承担你的责任,我们做剩下的部分。
06:33
I'm doing my part部分 of the game游戏,
what are you doing?
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我承担了我的责任,那你呢?
06:36
(Applause掌声)
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(鼓掌)
06:37
What are you doing?
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你做了什么?
06:38
(Applause掌声)
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(鼓掌)
06:40
What are you doing?
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你做了什么?
06:42
(Applause掌声)
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(鼓掌)
06:43
And as for you,
everybody每个人 here in this room房间,
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对于你,对于这个房间里的所有人,
06:45
I leave离开 you with two marching行军 orders命令.
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我要给你们一个建议:
06:47
Get in the game游戏,
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参与进来,
06:48
and the way you get in it
is educate教育 yourself你自己,
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参与进来的方式就是教育自我,
06:50
build建立 awareness意识 around yourself你自己,
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围绕自己建立觉悟,
06:52
and then also advocate主张
for e-government电子政务 solutions解决方案.
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然后也去宣传这个电子政务解决方法。
06:55
He said, "Oh, corruption腐败,
how do we fight斗争 corruption腐败?"
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有人说:腐败!
我们要如何根除腐败?
06:58
Well, as a matter of fact事实,
I'm here to tell you
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我来告诉你怎么做,
07:00
that yes, you can do it
by the stroke行程 of a pen钢笔.
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你只需要拿笔出来记下就可以做到,
07:02
You do not need anyone任何人 to tell you
when and how to do that.
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你不需要其他人来告诉你
什么时候做什么事。
事实上你只需要做一件事,
07:05
It is one thing, actually其实,
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07:07
that you don't need to wait
for anyone任何人 to do, so do it.
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你不需要等其他人来做。
你只要去做就可以了。
07:10
Otherwise除此以外, don't come and tell me
that you want to fix固定 corruption腐败.
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除此之外,不要跟我说
你想解决腐败问题。
07:13
You and your other 50 friends朋友
from the other 50 countries国家
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对你和其他来自那榜单最下面的
07:16
that are at the bottom底部 of that list名单.
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50个国家的朋友来说,
07:18
That's how you fight斗争 corruption腐败.
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这是你们解决腐败的方法:
07:20
If you were only charging充电 me 5 percent百分
to get my stuff东东 in the country国家,
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如果你对我进口的原材料只征收
07:23
my raw生的 material材料,
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5%的关税,
07:24
instead代替 of the 45 percent百分,
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而不是45%的关税,
07:26
do you really think
that I would have to go a pay工资 a bribe贿赂?
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你觉得我还有必要去贿赂吗?
07:28
That's what breeds品种 corruption腐败.
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这些都是滋生腐败的原因。
07:30
Bad laws法律, sets of horrible可怕, nonsense废话 laws法律.
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都是这一系列不合理的,可怕的法律。
07:35
(Applause掌声) (Cheers干杯)
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(鼓掌欢呼)
07:37
Right?
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对吗?
07:38
(Applause掌声)
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(鼓掌)
07:44
You want to fight斗争 corruption腐败?
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你想解决腐败问题吗?
07:46
That's what you do.
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这就是你需要做的。
07:47
And again, remember记得,
you don't need to wait for anyone任何人.
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再一次重申,记住,
你不需要等其他人一起
07:49
You can do that by yourself你自己.
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你一个人就可以做这些事情。
除非你告诉我,你们
没有独立的国家主权。
07:51
Unless除非 you're telling告诉 me
that maybe you have no sovereignty主权,
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那这就是另一个问题了。
07:54
and that's a whole整个 other problem问题.
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07:55
OK, so, from here on,
I have simple简单 words for our "leaders领导者."
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我有一些简单的提议
给我们的“领导者”,
08:03
This can go two ways方法.
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这件事可以有两种结果,
08:06
It can go the nasty讨厌 way,
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它可以变得更糟,
08:07
because we have hundreds数以百计
of millions百万 of young年轻 people
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因为我们有数亿的年轻人出生,
08:10
coming未来 to life right now, here,
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进入社会,
08:13
and if they don't have an outlook外表 in life,
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如果他们认为不会
有一个美好的未来,
08:16
they are going to go for a revolution革命.
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他们要走向革命时,
08:17
They're going to go for violence暴力.
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他们就会用暴力解决问题。
08:19
And none没有 of us wants that.
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没有谁想要这样的结果,
08:21
None没有, none没有 of us.
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没有人!
08:22
That's the one way it can go.
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这是其中的一种结果,
08:24
Or the second第二 way it can go is,
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还有另一条路可以选,
08:25
all this happens发生 peacefully安然, productively富有成效,
and everything is good,
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一条和平的美好的有生产效率的路。
08:29
and you do what you need to do,
you get out of my way,
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你需要做的就是不要阻碍我,
08:31
you let people like me do our job工作,
we create创建 all these jobs工作 we need,
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让我们自己创造、提供
我们所需要的工作岗位,
08:35
and then Africa非洲 becomes
this very prosperous繁荣 country国家
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这样非洲就会成为一个
有希望的领土,
08:38
that it's designed设计 to be,
it should have been for a long time.
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非洲早就应该是这样的
有希望的领土,
08:41
It happens发生 like that, everybody's每个人的 happy快乐,
we move移动 on with our lives生活.
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每个人都可以有一个
幸福光明的未来。
08:44
It can happen发生 in two ways方法 --
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这件事可以有两个发展方向:
08:46
pick violence暴力 or you pick
the calm冷静, productive生产的 way.
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选择暴力解决
抑或是和平解决。
08:49
I want the calm冷静, productive生产的 way.
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我想要的是和平解决问题。
08:51
None没有 of us should ever,
ever even try to think
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我们不应该去想
08:53
about what else其他 could happen发生
if we don't go there.
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那些因为我们没能做到
而导致的坏结果。
08:55
So, please.
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所以,你们
08:57
And the time has come.
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是时候参与进来了。
08:58
This type类型 of picture图片 -- prosperity繁荣,
happiness幸福, human人的 flourishing芊芊 --
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我能想象到一个繁荣美好幸福的未来,
09:02
that's what I see if we do our job工作.
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只要我们尽力去完成
我们应做的那一部分。
09:04
Thank you.
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谢谢!
09:05
(Applause掌声) (Cheering打气)
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(鼓掌欢呼)
09:07
Thank you.
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谢谢
09:08
(Applause掌声)
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(鼓掌)
Translated by Cj Zzzz
Reviewed by psjmz mz

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Magatte Wade - Brand creator
Magatte Wade creates jobs in Africa -- and calls attention to the obstacles to job creation on the continent.

Why you should listen

Magatte Wade's first company, Adina World Beverages, brought Senegalese bissap to US consumers through Whole Foods Market, Wegmans and United Natural Foods, Inc. Her second company, Tiossan, brought Senegalese skin care recipes to US consumers through Nordstrom and boutique beauty retailers. Her third company, SkinIsSkin, manufactures lip balms based on Senegalese ingredients in Senegal and markets them in the US to reduce racial bias.

Based on her experiences creating consumer brands and building agricultural and manufacturing capacity in Senegal, Wade has spoken at dozens of universities including Oxford, Harvard, Yale, Columbia and MIT, among other, as well as at global conferences on innovation and economic development in France, Dubai, Guatemala, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia and many more. She writes for the Huffington Post, Barron's, and the UK Guardian. She is a Young Global Leader with the World Economic Forum at Davos and has appeared on the cover of Forbes Afrique. She was also named one of the "Twenty Young Power Women of Africa" by Forbes US.

More profile about the speaker
Magatte Wade | Speaker | TED.com

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