Darrick Hamilton: How "baby bonds" could help close the wealth gap
Darrick Hamilton: Cómo los "bonos para bebés" pueden ayudar a cerrar la brecha de la riqueza
Darrick Hamilton crafts and implements innovative routes and policies that break down social hierarchy and move society towards greater equity, inclusion and civic participation. Full bio
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grit and personal responsibility
determinación y responsabilidad personal,
and achieve economic success.
y alcanzar el éxito económico.
we call it the American dream.
"el sueño americano".
exists all over the world.
en todo el mundo.
of making this happen
para hacerlo suceder
in which we are born.
en la que nacemos.
that the United States government,
que el gobierno de EE. UU.,
for every newborn
para cada recién nacido
of the family in which they are born.
la familia en la cual nacieron.
a publicly established baby trust,
establecido públicamente para bebés,
at Duke University and I
en la Universidad Duke y yo
historian from Columbia University,
fallecido de la Universidad de Columbia,
these trusts is simple.
crear estos fondos es simple.
of economic security and well-being.
de seguridad económica y bienestar.
economic security to take risk
seguridad económica para tomar riesgos
to describe the benefits of the market,
para describir los beneficios del mercado,
choice, freedom and optionality.
elección, libertad y opcionalidad.
to finance an elite, independent school
una escuela privada de elite
para empezar un negocio,
with higher amenities,
con mejor infraestructura,
through campaign finance,
de la financiación de campañas,
criminal justice system,
de justicia criminal caro,
resulting from any number of emergencies.
producidas por diferentes crisis.
to economic security,
de seguridad económica,
al principio como al final.
in the context of the United States,
en el contexto de los EE. UU.,
applies virtually to any country
virtualmente a cualquier país
10 percent of households
of the nation's wealth
de la riqueza nacional
owns only about one percent.
la base solo posee un 1 %.
than class itself.
más fuerte que la clase misma.
make up 30 percent
constituyen el 30 %
of the nation's wealth.
un 7 % de la riqueza nacional.
la financiación al consumo
has about 17,000 dollars in wealth,
tiene una riqueza de unos USD 17 000,
has about 170,000.
tiene unos USD 170 000.
of an absolute racial wealth gap
brecha racial de riqueza
has about 10 cents for every dollar
unos 10 centavos por cada dólar
to address these inequalities.
para encargarse de estas desigualdades.
expansion, inequality grows.
en épocas de expansión económica.
has increased dramatically,
ha aumentado drásticamente
from America's increase in productivity
del aumento de la productividad en EE. UU.
or the upper middle class.
around economic disparity
sobre la disparidad económica
los prestatarios pobres.
economic circumstance,
circunstancia económica,
or deficient knowledge,
o los conocimientos deficientes,
and leaves people with no options
y dejen a la gente la única opción
is not the magic antidote
no es el antídoto mágico
policies and economic arrangement.
y los acuerdos económicos.
the value of education.
de la educación.
intrinsic values to education,
intrínseco claro,
to a high-quality education,
una educación de alta calidad,
all the way through college.
hasta la universidad.
where the head graduated from college
de familia graduado en la universidad
where the head dropped out of high school.
familia que no terminó la secundaria.
the functional role of education
funcional de la educación
the functional role of wealth.
funcional de la riqueza.
that begets more wealth.
engendra más riqueza.
to capital for everyone.
económico para todos.
would be held in public trust
en un fondo público
to an economically secure life.
una vida económicamente segura.
is not new nor is it radical.
no es nuevo ni radical.
of an economic Bill of Rights.
de derechos económicos.
social security and moral security.
social y seguridad moral.
the Nixon administration,
la administración Nixon,
regarding social mobility
la movilidad social
government mandates to economic security
de gobierno para la seguridad económica
to be the solution for all our problems,
la solución a todos nuestros problemas
has shifted on to the individual.
social ha pasado al individuo.
that even if your lot in life is subpar,
nuestra suerte en la vida sea mediocre,
and the virtues of the free market,
las virtudes del mercado libre
proverbial rags into riches.
la pobreza a la riqueza.
is that the virtues of the market
es que las virtudes del mercado
that are not astute,
los que no son astutos,
or those that are simply lazy.
los que simplemente son perezosos.
will receive their just rewards.
recibirá su recompensa justa.
from this narrative
en esta narrativa
and structure of transactions and markets
las reglas y la estructura
of both stratification and inequality.
de estratificación y desigualdad.
por el fondo para bebés
egalitarian and an authentic pathway
más igualitaria y auténtica
financial position
financiera de la familia
the economic rights to old-age pensions
económicos a las pensiones de jubilación
social security program,
seguridad social más amplio,
from cradle all the way through grave.
financiero desde la cuna hasta la tumba.
with an average account of 25,000 dollars
EE. UU. con una cuenta de unos USD 25 000
upwards to 60,000 dollars
hasta los USD 60 000
las familias más pobres.
las familias más ricas
in the social contract,
en el contrato social,
nominal account of about 500 dollars.
simbólica de unos USD 500.
annual interest rate
de interés anual garantizada
in order to curtail inflation cost,
el costo de la inflación;
reaches adulthood
a la mayoría de edad
que mejore su posición,
university education,
empezar un negocio.
born each year in the US,
que nacen cada año en EE. UU.
is set at 25,000 dollars,
para bebés se establece en USD 25 000
about 100 billion dollars a year.
unos USD 100 000 millones por año.
of current federal expenditures
federales actuales
the 500-plus billion dollars
los más de USD 500 000 millones
by the federal government
through tax credits and subsidies.
de créditos impositivos y subsidios.
of that allocation
que se asigna,
one percent of households,
de los hogares,
de USD 100 millones,
of this entire allocation,
de toda esta asignación,
receive only five percent.
solo recibe el 5 %.
in a more progressive manner,
transformative for all Americans.
transformadora para los estadounidenses.
to be worked out,
detalles que resolver,
grounded in the functional roles
basada en los roles funcionales
from the reinforcing status quo
la situación actual
sobre la desigualdad
that privileges existing wealth
privilegia la riqueza existente
new wealth is a choice.
nueva es una elección.
is at least as much a problem of politics
no es tanto un problema de políticas
the false narratives
de las narrativas falsas
to individual personal deficits
a las deficiencias personales individuales
the advantages of wealth.
las ventajas de la riqueza.
de un fondo para bebés
económicas a través de las generaciones
or disadvantage across generations
and decent economy
más moral y decente
seguridad económica
todos los ciudadanos,
in which they are born.
to like in this idea.
that I worry about,
trust-fund kids have a really bad rap.
infantiles tienen una mala reputación.
eyeball-rolling poster children
irritantes sobre los niños
takes away motivation.
que quitan la motivación.
that it's not going to do that?
que esta propuesta no hará eso?
you have limited resources
recursos limitados
to investing in myself
de invertir en mí
narrative as well,
otra narrativa,
and going to face discrimination,
y enfrentará la discriminación,
a resume-building strategy.
a construir un currículo;
twice as good as someone else."
de bueno que los demás".
we never ask at what cost,
preguntamos cuál es el costo,
associated with that.
asociados con eso.
but coming back to you question,
pero volviendo a ella,
a transfer at a later point in life,
más tarde en la vida,
for you to invest in yourself
para invertir en ti mismo
possibilities of life
posibilidades de vida
imaginar que tengan.
para hacerlo.
for hours about this.
que trabajes en esto.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Darrick Hamilton - Stratification economistDarrick Hamilton crafts and implements innovative routes and policies that break down social hierarchy and move society towards greater equity, inclusion and civic participation.
Why you should listen
Darrick Hamilton is a pioneer and internationally recognized scholar in the field of stratification economics, which fuses social science methods to examine the causes, consequences and remedies of racial, gender, ethnic, tribal, nativity, etc. inequality in education, economic and health outcomes.
Hamilton'ss scholarship and practice, as well as his experience as a professor of economics and director of the doctoral program in public and urban policy at The New School, aligns closely to the work and objectives of The Ohio State University's Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity. He will assume leadership of the nationally renowned research institute on January 1, 2019. In addition to serving as Kirwan's executive director, Hamilton will hold a faculty appointment in Ohio State's John Glenn College of Public Affairs, with courtesy appointments in the departments of economics and sociology within the College of Arts and Sciences.
Hamilton was born and raised in the Bedford Stuyvesant section of Brooklyn, NY. He is a graduate of Oberlin College and earned a PhD in economics from the University of North Carolina. He completed postdoctoral appointments at the University of Michigan and Yale University, respectively. He is a fellow at the Roosevelt Institute and a National Advisory Committee member of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Policies for Action, Policy and Law Research Program to Build a Culture of Health.
Darrick Hamilton | Speaker | TED.com