TED2011
Wael Ghonim: Inside the Egyptian revolution
Wael Ghonim: Unutar egipatske revolucije
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Wael Ghonim je Googleov menadžer koji je pomogao u započinjanju egipatske demokratkse revolucije ... s Facebook stranicom na kojoj je odavao počast svim žrtvama režimskog nasilja. Govoreći na TEDxCairo, on nam priča unutrašnju priču o protekla dva mjeseca, gdje su obični Egipćani pokazali kako je "moć ljudi snažnija od ljudi na moći".
Wael Ghonim - Internet activist and computer engineer
Wael Ghonim believes that the Internet can be the most powerful platform for connecting humanity, if we can bring civility and thoughtful conversations back to it. Full bio
Wael Ghonim believes that the Internet can be the most powerful platform for connecting humanity, if we can bring civility and thoughtful conversations back to it. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
This is Revolution 2.0.
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Ovo je revolucija 2.0.
00:18
No one was a hero. No one was a hero.
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Nitko nije bio heroj. NIti jedna osoba nije bila heroj.
00:21
Because everyone was a hero.
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Jer su svi bili heroji.
00:25
Everyone has done something.
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Svatko je učinio nešto.
00:28
We all use Wikipedia.
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Svi koristimo Wikipediju.
00:30
If you think of the concept of Wikipedia
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Ako razmislite o konceptu Wikipedije
00:32
where everyone is collaborating on content,
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gdje svi surađuju stvarajući sadržaj.
00:35
and at the end of the day
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I na kraju dana
00:37
you've built the largest encyclopedia in the world.
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izgradili ste najveću enciklopediju na svijetu.
00:41
From just an idea that sounded crazy,
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Od ideje koja je zvučala ludo,
00:43
you have the largest encyclopedia in the world.
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imate najveću enciklopediju na svijetu.
00:46
And in the Egyptian revolution,
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A u egipatskoj revoluciji,
00:48
the Revolution 2.0,
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revoluciji 2.0,
00:50
everyone has contributed something,
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svatko je doprinjeo s nečim --
00:52
small or big. They contributed something --
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malim ili velikim, oni su doprinjeli s nečim --
00:55
to bring us
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što nam je donijelo
00:57
one of the most inspiring stories
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jednu od najinspirativnijih priča
01:00
in the history of mankind
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u povijesti ljudske vrste
01:02
when it comes to revolutions.
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kada je riječ o revolucijama.
01:04
It was actually really inspiring
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Bilo je stvarno inspirativno
01:06
to see all these Egyptians completely changing.
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vidjeti sve te Egipćane kako se mijenjaju.
01:09
If you look at the scene,
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Ako pogledate na kontekst,
01:11
Egypt, for 30 years, had been in a downhill --
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Egipat, je 30 godina išao nizbrdo --
01:14
going into a downhill.
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išao je u spust.
01:16
Everything was going bad.
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Sve je bilo loše.
01:18
Everything was going wrong.
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Sve je bilo krivo.
01:21
We only ranked high when it comes to poverty,
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Bili smo visoko rangirani jedino kada je riječ o siromaštvu,
01:24
corruption,
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korupciji,
01:26
lack of freedom of speech,
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manjku slobode govora,
01:28
lack of political activism.
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manjku političkog aktivizma.
01:30
Those were the achievements
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To su bila dostignuća
01:32
of our great regime.
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našeg velikog režima.
01:36
Yet, nothing was happening.
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Ipak, ništa se nije događalo.
01:38
And it's not because people were happy
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A to nije zbog toga što su ljudi bili sretni
01:40
or people were not frustrated.
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ili zbog toga što ljudi nisu bili frustrirani.
01:43
In fact, people were extremely frustrated.
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U stvari, ljudi su bili ekstremno frustrirani.
01:45
But the reason why everyone was silent
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Ali razlog zašto su svi šutjeli
01:48
is what I call the psychological barrier of fear.
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jest ono što ja nazivam psihološkom barijerom straha.
01:52
Everyone was scared.
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Svi su se bojali.
01:54
Not everyone. There were actually a few brave Egyptians
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Ne svi. Bilo je nekoliko hrabrih Egipćana
01:56
that I have to thank for being so brave --
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kojima moram zahvaliti što su bili toliko hrabri --
01:59
going into protests as a couple of hundred,
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odlazeći protestirati u stotinama,
02:02
getting beaten up and arrested.
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bivajući pretućeni i uhapšeni.
02:05
But in fact, the majority were scared.
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Ali u stvari, većina je bila uplašena.
02:08
Everyone did not want really
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Svi nisu stvarno željeli
02:10
to get in trouble.
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ući u nevolju.
02:12
A dictator cannot live without the force.
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Diktator ne može živjeti bez sile.
02:15
They want to make people live in fear.
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Oni žele da ljudi žive u strahu.
02:18
And that psychological barrier of fear
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I ta psihološka barijera straha
02:21
had worked for so many years,
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funkcionirala je toliko puno godina,
02:24
and here comes the Internet,
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i onda dolazi Internet,
02:26
technology, BlackBerry, SMS.
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tehnologija, BlackBerry, SMS.
02:29
It's helping all of us to connect.
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To nam svima pomaže da se povežemo.
02:32
Platforms like YouTube, Twitter, Facebook
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Platforme poput YouTube-a, Twitter-a, Facebook-a
02:36
were helping us a lot
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su nam jako puno pomagale,
02:38
because it basically gave us the impression that, "Wow, I'm not alone.
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jer su nam u osnovi dale osjećaj da, "Ja nisam sam.
02:41
There are a lot of people who are frustrated."
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Tu je jako puno ljudi koji su frustrirani."
02:43
There are lots of people who are frustrated.
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Postoji jako puno ljudi koji su frustrirani.
02:45
There are lots of people who actually share the same dream.
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Postoji jako puno ljudi koji, u stvari, dijele isti san.
02:48
There are lots of people who care about their freedom.
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Postoji jako puno ljudi kojima je stalo do njihove slobode.
02:51
They probably have the best life in the world.
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Oni vjerojatno imaju najbolji život na svijetu.
02:53
They are living in happiness. They are living in their villas.
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Oni žive u sreći. Oni žive u svojim vilama.
02:56
They are happy. They don't have problems.
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Oni su sretni; oni nemaju problema.
02:58
But they are still feeling the pain of the Egyptian.
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Ali oni još uvijek osjećaju bol Egipćana.
03:02
A lot of us, we're not really happy
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Puno nas, mi nismo stvarno sretni
03:04
when we see a video of an Egyptian man
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kada vidimo video Egipćana
03:06
who's eating the trash
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koji jede smeće
03:08
while others are stealing
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dok drugi kradu
03:10
billions of Egyptian pounds
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milijarde egipatskih funti
03:12
from the wealth of the country.
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od bogatstva zemlje.
03:14
The Internet has played a great role,
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Internet je odigrao veliku ulogu,
03:16
helping these people to speak up their minds,
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pomažući tim ljudima da se izjasne,
03:19
to collaborate together, to start thinking together.
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surađuju zajedno, započnu misliti zajedno.
03:22
It was an educational campaign.
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To je bila edukacijska kampanja.
03:25
Khaled Saeed was killed
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Khaled Saeed je ubijen
03:27
in June 2010.
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u lipnju 2010.
03:30
I still remember the photo.
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Još uvijek se sjećam slike.
03:32
I still remember every single detail of that photo.
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Još uvijek se sjećam svakog detalja te slike.
03:35
The photo was horrible.
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Slika je bila grozna.
03:38
He was tortured,
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On je bio mučen,
03:40
brutally tortured to death.
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brutalno mučen do smrti.
03:42
But then what was the answer of the regime?
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Ali koji je onda bio odgovor režima?
03:45
"He choked on a pile of hash" --
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Ugušio se u gomili hašiša.
03:48
that was their answer:
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To je bio njihov odgovor:
03:50
"He's a criminal.
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"On je kriminalac.
03:52
He's someone who escaped from all these bad things."
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On je netko tko je pobjegao od svih tih loših stvari."
03:54
But people did not relate to this.
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Ali ljudi se nisu povezali s time.
03:56
People did not believe this.
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Ljudi nisu vjerovali u to.
03:58
Because of the Internet, the truth prevailed
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Zbog Interneta, istina je prevladala
04:01
and everyone knew the truth.
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i svi su znali istinu.
04:03
And everyone started to think that "this guy could be my brother."
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I svi su počeli misliti da je "taj dečko mogao biti moj brat".
04:06
He was a middle-class guy.
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On je bio dečko iz srednje klase.
04:08
His photo was remembered by all of us.
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Njegova slika će ostati u sjećanju svih nas.
04:11
A page was created.
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Stranica je stvorena.
04:13
An anonymous administrator
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Anonimni administrator
04:15
was basically inviting people to join the page,
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je u osnovi zvao ljude da se pridruže stranici,
04:18
and there was no plan.
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i nije bilo nikakvog plana.
04:20
"What are we going to do?" "I don't know."
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"Što ćemo napraviti?" "Ne znam."
04:22
In a few days, tens of thousands of people there --
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U nekoliko dana, desetine tisuća ljudi tamo --
04:25
angry Egyptians
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ljutih Egipćana
04:27
who were asking the ministry of interior affairs,
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koji su pitali svog ministra unutrašnjih poslova,
04:30
"Enough.
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"Dosta.
04:32
Get those who killed this guy.
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Uhvatite te koji su ubili tog dečka
04:35
To just bring them to justice."
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i stavite ih pred lice pravde."
04:37
But of course, they don't listen.
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Ali naravno, oni nisu slušali.
04:39
It was an amazing story --
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To je nevjerojatna priča --
04:41
how everyone started feeling the ownership.
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kako su svi počeli osjećati vlasništvo.
04:44
Everyone was an owner in this page.
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Svatko je bio vlasnik te stranice.
04:46
People started contributing ideas.
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Ljudi su započeli doprinositi ideje.
04:48
In fact, one of the most ridiculous ideas
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U stvari, jedna od najsmješnijih ideja
04:51
was, "Hey, let's have a silent stand.
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je, hej, zašutimo na tren.
04:53
Let's get people to go in the street,
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Hajdemo dobiti ljude na ulicu,
04:56
face the sea, their back to the street,
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da se okrenu prema moru, svoje stražnjice prema ulici,
04:59
dressed in black, standing up silently for one hour,
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obuku u crno, i stoje u tišini jedan sat,
05:02
doing nothing and then just leaving,
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da ne rade ništa i onda jednostavno odu,
05:04
going back home."
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vrate se kući.
05:06
For some people, that was like, "Wow, silent stand.
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Za neke ljude je to bilo, "Sjajno, tihi stav.
05:09
And next time it's going to be vibration."
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A slijedeći put će vibrirati."
05:11
People were making fun of the idea.
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Ljudi su zbijali šale s idejom.
05:14
But actually when people went to the street --
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Ali kada su stvarno izašli na ulicu --
05:16
the first time it was thousands of people
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prvi puta bilo je tisuće ljudi
05:18
in Alexandria --
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u Aleksandriji --
05:20
it felt like -- it was amazing. It was great
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osjećali su se -- bilo je nevjerojatno. Bilo je sjajno.
05:23
because it connected people from the virtual world,
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Jer je povezalo ljude iz virtualnog svijeta,
05:25
bringing them to the real world,
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dovodeći ih u stvarni svijet,
05:27
sharing the same dream,
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dijeleći isti san,
05:30
the same frustration, the same anger,
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istu frustraciju, isti bijes,
05:32
the same desire for freedom.
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istu želju za slobodom.
05:34
And they were doing this thing.
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I oni su radili tu stvar.
05:36
But did the regime learn anything? Not really.
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Ali je li režim išta naučio? Ne stvarno.
05:38
They were actually attacking them.
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Oni su ih u stvari napadali.
05:40
They were actually abusing them,
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Oni su ih u stvari maltretirali,
05:42
despite the fact of how peaceful these guys were --
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unatoč činjenici koliko su miroljubivi ti ljudi bili --
05:44
they were not even protesting.
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oni čak nisu niti protestirali.
05:46
And things had developed
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I stvari su se razvile
05:49
until the Tunisian revolution.
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do tuniske revolucije.
05:52
This whole page was, again,
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Cijela stranica je bila, opet,
05:54
managed by the people.
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upravljana od strane ljudi.
05:56
In fact, the anonymous admin job
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U stvari, anonimni posao administratora
05:59
was to collect ideas,
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bio je sakupljati ideje,
06:01
help people to vote on them
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pomoći ljudima da glasaju o njima
06:03
and actually tell them what they are doing.
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i u stvari reći im što rade.
06:05
People were taking shots and photos;
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Ljudi su uzimali snimke i fotografije;
06:07
people were reporting violations of human rights in Egypt;
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ljudi su prijavljivali kršenja ljudskih prava u Egiptu;
06:10
people were suggesting ideas,
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ljudi su sugerirali ideje,
06:12
they were actually voting on ideas,
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u stvari glasali su o idejama,
06:14
and then they were executing the ideas; people were creating videos.
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i izvršavali su ideje; ljudi su stvarali videe.
06:17
Everything was done by the people to the people,
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Sve je bilo napravljeno od strane ljudi za ljude,
06:19
and that's the power of the Internet.
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i to je moć Interneta.
06:21
There was no leader.
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Nije postojao vođa.
06:23
The leader was everyone on that page.
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Vođa su bili svi na stranici.
06:26
The Tunisian experiment, as Amir was saying,
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Tuniski eksperiment, kao što je Amar rekao,
06:28
inspired all of us, showed us that there is a way.
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inspirirao je sve nas, pokazao nam kako postoji put.
06:30
Yes we can. We can do it.
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Da, možemo. Možemo to napraviti.
06:32
We have the same problems;
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Imamo iste probleme,
06:34
we can just go in the streets.
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možemo jednostavno izaći na ulice.
06:36
And when I saw the street on the 25th,
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I kada sam vidio ulicu 25og,
06:38
I went back and said,
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vratio sam se i rekao,
06:40
"Egypt before the 25th
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"Egipat prije 25og
06:42
is never going to be Egypt after the 25th.
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neće biti nikada Egipat nakon 25og.
06:44
The revolution is happening.
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Revolucija se događa.
06:46
This is not the end,
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Ovo nije kraj,
06:48
this is the beginning of the end."
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ovo je početak kraja."
06:52
I was detained on the 27th night.
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Uhapšen sam 27og.
06:56
Thank God I announced the locations and everything.
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Hvala Bogu da sam objavio lokaciju i sve.
06:59
But they detained me.
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Ali uhapsili su me.
07:01
And I'm not going to talk about my experience, because this is not about me.
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I neću govoriti o svom iskustvu, jer ovdje se ne radi o meni.
07:04
I was detained for 12 days,
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Zadržan sam u pritvoru 12 dana,
07:06
blindfolded, handcuffed.
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zavezanih očiju, u lisicama.
07:09
And I did not really hear anything. I did not know anything.
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I stvarno nisam čuo ništa. Nisam znao ništa.
07:12
I was not allowed to speak with anyone.
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Nisu mi dozvolili pričati ni sa kim.
07:14
And I went out.
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I izašao sam.
07:16
The next day I was in Tahrir.
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Slijedeći dan sam bio u Tahriru.
07:18
Seriously, with the amount of change I had noticed in this square,
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Stvarno, s količinom promjene koju sam osjetio na tom trgu,
07:21
I thought it was 12 years.
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mislio sam da mi je 12 godina.
07:24
I never had in my mind
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Nikada nisam imao u svojim mislima
07:26
to see this Egyptian,
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da ću vidjeti tog Egipćanina,
07:28
the amazing Egyptian.
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nevjerojatnog Egipćanina.
07:30
The fear is no longer fear.
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Strah nije više strah.
07:32
It's actually strength -- it's power.
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To je u stvari snaga -- to je moć.
07:34
People were so empowered.
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Ljudi su bili toliko osnaženi.
07:36
It was amazing how everyone was so empowered
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Bilo je nevjerojatno koliko su svi bili osnaženi
07:38
and now asking for their rights.
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i sada tražili svoja prava.
07:40
Completely opposite.
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Potpuno suprotno.
07:42
Extremism became tolerance.
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Ekstremizam je postao tolerancija.
07:45
Who would [have] imagined before the 25th,
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Tko bi to pomislio prije 25og,
07:47
if I tell you that hundreds of thousands of Christians are going to pray
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kada bih vam rekao da će stotine tisuća Kršćana moliti
07:50
and tens of thousands of Muslims are going to protect them,
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i da će ih desetine tisuća Muslimana štititi,
07:53
and then hundreds of thousands of Muslims are going to pray
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i onda će stotine tisuća Muslimana moliti
07:55
and tens of thousands of Christians are going to protect them --
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a desetine tisuća Kršćana će ih štititi --
07:57
this is amazing.
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to je nevjerojatno.
07:59
All the stereotypes
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Svi ti stereotipovi
08:01
that the regime was trying to put on us
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koje nam je režim nastojao imputirati
08:04
through their so-called propaganda, or mainstream media,
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kroz takozvanu propagandu ili glavne medije,
08:07
are proven wrong.
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pokazali su se krivima.
08:09
This whole revolution showed us
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Ta cijela revolucija nam je pokazala
08:11
how ugly such a regime was
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koliko je ružan režim bio
08:14
and how great and amazing
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i koliko je sjajan i nevjerojatan
08:16
the Egyptian man, the Egyptian woman,
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egipatski muškarac, egipatska žena,
08:19
how simple and amazing these people are
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koliko su jednostavni i nevjerojatni ti ljudi
08:21
whenever they have a dream.
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kadgod imaju san.
08:23
When I saw that,
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Kada sam to vidio,
08:25
I went back and I wrote on Facebook.
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vratio sam se i pisao na Facebooku.
08:28
And that was a personal belief,
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I to je bilo osobno uvjerenje,
08:30
regardless of what's going on,
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bez obzira što se događalo,
08:32
regardless of the details.
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bez obzira na detalje.
08:34
I said that, "We are going to win.
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Rekao sam, "Pobijediti ćemo.
08:36
We are going to win because we don't understand politics.
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Pobijediti ćemo jer ne razumijemo politiku.
08:39
We're going to win because we don't play their dirty games.
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Pobijediti ćemo jer ne igramo prljave igre.
08:43
We're going to win because we don't have an agenda.
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Pobijediti ćemo jer nemamo agendu.
08:46
We're going to win because the tears that come from our eyes
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Pobijediti ćemo jer su suze koje su došle iz naših očiju
08:49
actually come from our hearts.
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u stvari došle iz naših srca.
08:52
We're going to win because we have dreams.
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Pobijediti ćemo jer imamo snove.
08:55
We're going to win because we are willing to stand up for our dreams."
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Pobijediti ćemo jer smo spremni stati u obranu svojih snova."
08:59
And that's actually what happened. We won.
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I to se u stvari dogodilo. Pobijedili smo.
09:02
And that's not because of anything,
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I to nije zbog ničega,
09:04
but because we believed in our dream.
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nego zbog toga što smo vjerovali u svoje snove.
09:06
The winning here is not
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Pobijediti ovdje nije
09:08
the whole details of what's going to happen in the political scene.
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zbog detalja o tome što će se dogoditi na političkoj sceni.
09:11
The winning is the winning of the dignity
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Pobjeda ovdje je pobjeda digniteta
09:13
of every single Egyptian.
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svakog pojedinog Egipćanina.
09:16
Actually, I had this taxi driver telling me,
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U stvari, jedan taksist mi je rekao,
09:19
"Listen, I am breathing freedom.
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"Slušaj, udišem slobodu.
09:22
I feel that I have dignity
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Osjećam da imam dignitet
09:24
that I have lost for so many years."
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koji sam izgubio toliko puno godina."
09:26
For me that's winning,
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Za mene je to pobjeda,
09:28
regardless of all the details.
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bez obzira na detalje.
09:30
My last word to you is a statement I believe in,
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Moja zadnja riječ vama je izjava u koju vjerujem,
09:33
which Egyptians have proven to be true,
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za koji su Egipćani dokazali da je istinita,
09:36
that the power of the people
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moć ljudi
09:38
is much stronger than the people in power.
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je puno snažnija od ljudi na moći.
09:40
Thanks a lot.
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Puno hvala.
09:42
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Wael Ghonim - Internet activist and computer engineerWael Ghonim believes that the Internet can be the most powerful platform for connecting humanity, if we can bring civility and thoughtful conversations back to it.
Why you should listen
Wael Ghonim is a computer engineer, an Internet activist, and a social entrepreneur. He is a co-founder of Parlio, a new media platform for public conversations that rewards civility, which has been acquired by Quora. Wael is a senior fellow at Ash Center for Democratic Governance at Harvard University.
Wael spent 6 years at Google during which he used to head up Marketing and Product in the MENA region responsible of driving the growth of Google's products across the region and evangelizing the use of the Internet and growing the Arabic content in the region.
In 2011, Wael was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, was named one of Time 100's most influential and received JFK Profile in Courage Award. Coined the "keyboard freedom fighter," he used the power of the internet and social media to fight for social justice, democracy and human rights in Egypt.
He is the founder of "Tahrir Academy", a nonprofit online knowledge sharing platform for Arab youth. Wael received his Bachelor's Degree in Computer Engineering from Cairo University and earned an MBA from the American University in Cairo.
Wael Ghonim | Speaker | TED.com