TED2011
Wael Ghonim: Inside the Egyptian revolution
瓦埃勒·古奈德：埃及革命内幕
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瓦埃勒·古奈德是推动了埃及民主革命的谷歌工作人员...他通过Facebook页面纪念当局暴力的一名受害者。在TEDxCairo的演讲中，他讲述了过去两个月中发生的内幕，期间的每一天埃及人都展示出“人民的力量远胜执掌权力的人。”
Wael Ghonim - Internet activist and computer engineer
Wael Ghonim believes that the Internet can be the most powerful platform for connecting humanity, if we can bring civility and thoughtful conversations back to it. Full bio
Wael Ghonim believes that the Internet can be the most powerful platform for connecting humanity, if we can bring civility and thoughtful conversations back to it. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
This is Revolution 2.0.
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这是革命2.0。
00:18
No one was a hero. No one was a hero.
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没人是英雄。没人是英雄。
00:21
Because everyone was a hero.
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因为每个人都是英雄。
00:25
Everyone has done something.
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每个人有所贡献。
00:28
We all use Wikipedia.
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我们都用Wikipedia（维基百科）。
00:30
If you think of the concept of Wikipedia
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想想Wikipedia的概念，
00:32
where everyone is collaborating on content,
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每个人都在其中合作贡献内容。
00:35
and at the end of the day
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最终会建立成
00:37
you've built the largest encyclopedia in the world.
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世界上最大的百科全书。
00:41
From just an idea that sounded crazy,
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从一个听起来有点疯狂的想法，
00:43
you have the largest encyclopedia in the world.
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到拥有世界上最大的百科全书。
00:46
And in the Egyptian revolution,
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在埃及革命中，
00:48
the Revolution 2.0,
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革命2.0，
00:50
everyone has contributed something,
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每个人都有所贡献 --
00:52
small or big. They contributed something --
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或多或少，都有所贡献 --
00:55
to bring us
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为我们带来
00:57
one of the most inspiring stories
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人类历史上
01:00
in the history of mankind
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最激励人心的
01:02
when it comes to revolutions.
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革命篇章之一。
01:04
It was actually really inspiring
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看到所有这些埃及人民
01:06
to see all these Egyptians completely changing.
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彻底的转变确实非常令人振奋。
01:09
If you look at the scene,
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如果看看这
01:11
Egypt, for 30 years, had been in a downhill --
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埃及已经走了30年的下坡路 --
01:14
going into a downhill.
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不断下滑。
01:16
Everything was going bad.
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所有事都在变糟。
01:18
Everything was going wrong.
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所有事都在变坏。
01:21
We only ranked high when it comes to poverty,
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只有谈到下面这些时我们才能排名靠前：贫穷，
01:24
corruption,
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贪污，
01:26
lack of freedom of speech,
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缺乏言论自由，
01:28
lack of political activism.
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缺乏政治权利。
01:30
Those were the achievements
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这些就是我们
01:32
of our great regime.
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伟大政权的成就。
01:36
Yet, nothing was happening.
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然而，什么也没发生。
01:38
And it's not because people were happy
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这不是因为人们生活幸福
01:40
or people were not frustrated.
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或是毫无沮丧。
01:43
In fact, people were extremely frustrated.
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事实上，人们极其沮丧。
01:45
But the reason why everyone was silent
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但每个人都保持沉默的原因
01:48
is what I call the psychological barrier of fear.
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我称之为恐惧的心理障碍。
01:52
Everyone was scared.
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每个人都感到恐惧。
01:54
Not everyone. There were actually a few brave Egyptians
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不是每个人。实际上还有少数勇敢的埃及人
01:56
that I have to thank for being so brave --
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我要感谢他们的勇敢 --
01:59
going into protests as a couple of hundred,
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他们进行抗议，有数百人，
02:02
getting beaten up and arrested.
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他们被殴打、被捕入狱。
02:05
But in fact, the majority were scared.
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但是事实，多数人都感到恐惧。
02:08
Everyone did not want really
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每个人都不想
02:10
to get in trouble.
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真的惹上麻烦。
02:12
A dictator cannot live without the force.
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独裁者没有暴力就无法生存。
02:15
They want to make people live in fear.
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他们希望让人们生活在恐惧之中。
02:18
And that psychological barrier of fear
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而这种恐惧的心理障碍
02:21
had worked for so many years,
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已经存在了许多许多年，
02:24
and here comes the Internet,
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直到有了互联网，
02:26
technology, BlackBerry, SMS.
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技术，黑莓，短信。
02:29
It's helping all of us to connect.
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这帮助我们所有人联系在一起。
02:32
Platforms like YouTube, Twitter, Facebook
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如YouTube，Twitter，Facebook这样的平台
02:36
were helping us a lot
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帮了我们大忙，
02:38
because it basically gave us the impression that, "Wow, I'm not alone.
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因为这最起码给了我们这样的感觉，“哇，我并不孤单。
02:41
There are a lot of people who are frustrated."
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还有许多感到沮丧的人们。“
02:43
There are lots of people who are frustrated.
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有许多感到沮丧的人们。
02:45
There are lots of people who actually share the same dream.
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有许多人实际上拥有同一个梦想。
02:48
There are lots of people who care about their freedom.
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有许多人渴望自由。
02:51
They probably have the best life in the world.
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他们也许过着世界上最好的生活。
02:53
They are living in happiness. They are living in their villas.
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他们生活幸福。住在他们的别墅中。
02:56
They are happy. They don't have problems.
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他们很快乐；没有什么烦恼。
02:58
But they are still feeling the pain of the Egyptian.
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但他们仍感觉到了埃及之痛。
03:02
A lot of us, we're not really happy
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我们很多人并不快乐
03:04
when we see a video of an Egyptian man
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尤其是看到一段视频，
03:06
who's eating the trash
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一名埃及人在垃圾箱里觅食，
03:08
while others are stealing
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而有人却正在
03:10
billions of Egyptian pounds
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从国库中盗取
03:12
from the wealth of the country.
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数十亿埃及镑的财富。
03:14
The Internet has played a great role,
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互联网扮演了一个伟大的角色，
03:16
helping these people to speak up their minds,
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帮助人们大声说出心里话，
03:19
to collaborate together, to start thinking together.
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相互协作，共同思考。
03:22
It was an educational campaign.
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这是场教育运动。
03:25
Khaled Saeed was killed
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哈勒德·萨伊德于2010年
03:27
in June 2010.
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六月被杀害。
03:30
I still remember the photo.
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我仍记得那张照片。
03:32
I still remember every single detail of that photo.
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我仍记得那张照片中的每个细节。
03:35
The photo was horrible.
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真是太可怕了。
03:38
He was tortured,
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他遭受了折磨，
03:40
brutally tortured to death.
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被残忍地折磨致死。
03:42
But then what was the answer of the regime?
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然而当局的说法是什么呢？
03:45
"He choked on a pile of hash" --
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他是被一团大麻噎死的。
03:48
that was their answer:
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这就是他们的回答：
03:50
"He's a criminal.
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“他是个罪犯。
03:52
He's someone who escaped from all these bad things."
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他是个做尽坏事的逃犯。”
03:54
But people did not relate to this.
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但人们并不这么认为。
03:56
People did not believe this.
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人们并不相信这些。
03:58
Because of the Internet, the truth prevailed
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因为有了因特网，真相传播开来
04:01
and everyone knew the truth.
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每个人都了解了真相。
04:03
And everyone started to think that "this guy could be my brother."
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每个人都开始思考，“这个人也可能是我的兄弟。”
04:06
He was a middle-class guy.
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他是个中产阶级。
04:08
His photo was remembered by all of us.
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我们大家都记住了他的照片。
04:11
A page was created.
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有人创建了一个网页。
04:13
An anonymous administrator
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一位匿名的管理员
04:15
was basically inviting people to join the page,
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邀请人们加入这一网页，
04:18
and there was no plan.
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那是还没什么计划。
04:20
"What are we going to do?" "I don't know."
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“我们要做什么？”“我不知道。”
04:22
In a few days, tens of thousands of people there --
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数天内，数以万计的人们加入 --
04:25
angry Egyptians
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愤怒的埃及人
04:27
who were asking the ministry of interior affairs,
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质问内政部，
04:30
"Enough.
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“够了。
04:32
Get those who killed this guy.
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交出这些凶手，
04:35
To just bring them to justice."
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把他们绳之以法。”
04:37
But of course, they don't listen.
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当然，他们没有理会。
04:39
It was an amazing story --
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这是个令人惊叹的事 --
04:41
how everyone started feeling the ownership.
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每个人都开始有了归属感。
04:44
Everyone was an owner in this page.
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每个人都是这一网页的拥有者。
04:46
People started contributing ideas.
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人们开始出主意。
04:48
In fact, one of the most ridiculous ideas
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实际上，最搞笑的一个主意是
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was, "Hey, let's have a silent stand.
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我们去静站吧。
04:53
Let's get people to go in the street,
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大家走上街头，
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face the sea, their back to the street,
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面朝大海，背朝街道，
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dressed in black, standing up silently for one hour,
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身着黑色衣服，静静的站一个小时，
05:02
doing nothing and then just leaving,
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什么也不做，然后离开，
05:04
going back home."
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回家。
05:06
For some people, that was like, "Wow, silent stand.
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对一些人来说，这有点像，“哇，静站。
05:09
And next time it's going to be vibration."
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下次就回事震动了。“
05:11
People were making fun of the idea.
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人们在取笑这个主意。
05:14
But actually when people went to the street --
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但实际上，当人们走上街头 --
05:16
the first time it was thousands of people
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在亚历山大第一次
05:18
in Alexandria --
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有数千人 --
05:20
it felt like -- it was amazing. It was great
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那感觉 -- 太赞了，太伟大了。
05:23
because it connected people from the virtual world,
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因为这是在虚拟世界把人们联系起来，
05:25
bringing them to the real world,
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把他们带入现实世界中，
05:27
sharing the same dream,
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分享共同的梦想，
05:30
the same frustration, the same anger,
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共同的沮丧，共同的愤怒，
05:32
the same desire for freedom.
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共同的对自由的渴望。
05:34
And they were doing this thing.
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他们正在做这些事。
05:36
But did the regime learn anything? Not really.
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但当局学到了什么？没有。
05:38
They were actually attacking them.
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实际上，当局攻击了他们。
05:40
They were actually abusing them,
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当局对他们滥用权力，
05:42
despite the fact of how peaceful these guys were --
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尽管事实上这些人是如此的平和 --
05:44
they were not even protesting.
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他们甚至都没有抗议。
05:46
And things had developed
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情况进一步发展，
05:49
until the Tunisian revolution.
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直到突尼斯革命。
05:52
This whole page was, again,
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整个网页，再一次，
05:54
managed by the people.
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被人们管理起来。
05:56
In fact, the anonymous admin job
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实际上，匿名管理工作
05:59
was to collect ideas,
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就是收集建议，
06:01
help people to vote on them
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帮人们对其投票，
06:03
and actually tell them what they are doing.
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并告诉人们真正做什么。
06:05
People were taking shots and photos;
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人们拍摄视频和照片；
06:07
people were reporting violations of human rights in Egypt;
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不断报告在埃及违法人权的事例；
06:10
people were suggesting ideas,
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人们提出建议，
06:12
they were actually voting on ideas,
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并对其投票，
06:14
and then they were executing the ideas; people were creating videos.
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接着付诸实施；人们制作视频。
06:17
Everything was done by the people to the people,
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每件事都是由人们为自己而作的，
06:19
and that's the power of the Internet.
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这就是英特网的力量。
06:21
There was no leader.
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没有领袖。
06:23
The leader was everyone on that page.
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那网页上的每个人都是领袖。
06:26
The Tunisian experiment, as Amir was saying,
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正如埃米尔所说，突尼斯的经历
06:28
inspired all of us, showed us that there is a way.
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鼓舞了我们所有人，让我们看到了一条出路。
06:30
Yes we can. We can do it.
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是的，我们能。我们能做到。
06:32
We have the same problems;
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我们有着同样的问题，
06:34
we can just go in the streets.
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我们能走上街头。
06:36
And when I saw the street on the 25th,
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在25号看到街头的人们后，
06:38
I went back and said,
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我回去写道，
06:40
"Egypt before the 25th
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“25号前的埃及
06:42
is never going to be Egypt after the 25th.
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与25号后的埃及完全不同。
06:44
The revolution is happening.
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革命正在进行。
06:46
This is not the end,
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没有结束，
06:48
this is the beginning of the end."
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这是结束的开始。“
06:52
I was detained on the 27th night.
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我是27号晚上被拘押的。
06:56
Thank God I announced the locations and everything.
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感谢上帝，我公布了所有我所在的地点和一切。
06:59
But they detained me.
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但他们拘押了我。
07:01
And I'm not going to talk about my experience, because this is not about me.
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我不想谈论我的这段经历，因为这不仅是我个人的事。
07:04
I was detained for 12 days,
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我被拘押了12天，
07:06
blindfolded, handcuffed.
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被蒙着眼，戴着手铐。
07:09
And I did not really hear anything. I did not know anything.
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我什么都没听到。我什么都不知道。
07:12
I was not allowed to speak with anyone.
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我不能和任何人说话。
07:14
And I went out.
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我被释放了。
07:16
The next day I was in Tahrir.
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获释后的第二天我去了解放广场。
07:18
Seriously, with the amount of change I had noticed in this square,
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说真的，我看到这个广场所发生的巨变，
07:21
I thought it was 12 years.
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让我以为过去了12年。
07:24
I never had in my mind
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我从未想象过
07:26
to see this Egyptian,
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这样的埃及人，
07:28
the amazing Egyptian.
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神奇的埃及人。
07:30
The fear is no longer fear.
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恐惧已不再是恐惧。
07:32
It's actually strength -- it's power.
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它实际上以转变为力量。
07:34
People were so empowered.
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人们是如此地强大。
07:36
It was amazing how everyone was so empowered
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看到每个人都变得如此强大
07:38
and now asking for their rights.
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并开始要求自己权利真是太神奇了。
07:40
Completely opposite.
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彻底地颠覆。
07:42
Extremism became tolerance.
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极端主义者变得宽容。
07:45
Who would [have] imagined before the 25th,
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在25号之前谁能想象的到，
07:47
if I tell you that hundreds of thousands of Christians are going to pray
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数十万的的基督徒进行祈祷
07:50
and tens of thousands of Muslims are going to protect them,
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而数万的穆斯林在保护他们，
07:53
and then hundreds of thousands of Muslims are going to pray
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同样，数十万的穆斯林进行祈祷
07:55
and tens of thousands of Christians are going to protect them --
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数万的基督徒在保护他们 --
07:57
this is amazing.
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太神奇了。
07:59
All the stereotypes
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当局通过他们所谓的
08:01
that the regime was trying to put on us
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宣传机构或是主流媒体
08:04
through their so-called propaganda, or mainstream media,
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灌输给我们的所有的陈词滥调
08:07
are proven wrong.
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全都破灭了。
08:09
This whole revolution showed us
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这整场革命向我们展示了
08:11
how ugly such a regime was
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当局有多么丑陋，
08:14
and how great and amazing
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埃及男人和埃及女人
08:16
the Egyptian man, the Egyptian woman,
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有多么伟大和神奇，
08:19
how simple and amazing these people are
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当这些人们拥有梦想时
08:21
whenever they have a dream.
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是多么的质朴和神奇。
08:23
When I saw that,
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当我看到这些，
08:25
I went back and I wrote on Facebook.
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我回到家中在Facebook上记录下来。
08:28
And that was a personal belief,
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那是我个人的信仰，
08:30
regardless of what's going on,
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无论发生何事，
08:32
regardless of the details.
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无论怎样。
08:34
I said that, "We are going to win.
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我说过，“我们将取得胜利。
08:36
We are going to win because we don't understand politics.
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我们将取得胜利，因为我们不懂政治。
08:39
We're going to win because we don't play their dirty games.
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我们将取得胜利，因为我们不会玩他们这种肮脏的游戏。
08:43
We're going to win because we don't have an agenda.
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我们将取得胜利，因为我们没有议程安排。
08:46
We're going to win because the tears that come from our eyes
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我们将取得胜利，因为从我们眼中流出的热泪
08:49
actually come from our hearts.
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实际上来自我们的心里。
08:52
We're going to win because we have dreams.
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我们将取得胜利，因为我们拥有梦想。
08:55
We're going to win because we are willing to stand up for our dreams."
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我们将取得胜利，因为我们愿意为我们的梦想而奋斗。“
08:59
And that's actually what happened. We won.
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这是就是所发生的一切。我们胜利了。
09:02
And that's not because of anything,
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不是任何别的原因，
09:04
but because we believed in our dream.
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而是因为我们相信自己的梦想。
09:06
The winning here is not
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这次胜利不是
09:08
the whole details of what's going to happen in the political scene.
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在政治舞台上将要发生的全部细节。
09:11
The winning is the winning of the dignity
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这次胜利在于赢得了
09:13
of every single Egyptian.
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每个埃及人的尊严。
09:16
Actually, I had this taxi driver telling me,
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实际上，有个出租车司机告诉过我，
09:19
"Listen, I am breathing freedom.
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”听着，我在自由的呼吸。
09:22
I feel that I have dignity
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我感觉到了
09:24
that I have lost for so many years."
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我失去多年的尊严。“
09:26
For me that's winning,
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对我而言，这就是胜利，
09:28
regardless of all the details.
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不论其他。
09:30
My last word to you is a statement I believe in,
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我最后想告诉各位我所信仰的一句话，
09:33
which Egyptians have proven to be true,
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埃及人已经证明了这句话的真实，
09:36
that the power of the people
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人民的力量
09:38
is much stronger than the people in power.
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远胜执掌权力的人。
09:40
Thanks a lot.
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非常感谢。
09:42
(Applause)
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（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Wael Ghonim - Internet activist and computer engineerWael Ghonim believes that the Internet can be the most powerful platform for connecting humanity, if we can bring civility and thoughtful conversations back to it.
Why you should listen
Wael Ghonim is a computer engineer, an Internet activist, and a social entrepreneur. He is a co-founder of Parlio, a new media platform for public conversations that rewards civility, which has been acquired by Quora. Wael is a senior fellow at Ash Center for Democratic Governance at Harvard University.
Wael spent 6 years at Google during which he used to head up Marketing and Product in the MENA region responsible of driving the growth of Google's products across the region and evangelizing the use of the Internet and growing the Arabic content in the region.
In 2011, Wael was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, was named one of Time 100's most influential and received JFK Profile in Courage Award. Coined the "keyboard freedom fighter," he used the power of the internet and social media to fight for social justice, democracy and human rights in Egypt.
He is the founder of "Tahrir Academy", a nonprofit online knowledge sharing platform for Arab youth. Wael received his Bachelor's Degree in Computer Engineering from Cairo University and earned an MBA from the American University in Cairo.
Wael Ghonim | Speaker | TED.com