TEDGlobal 2007
Jane Goodall: How humans and animals can live together
Jane Goodall pomaže suživot ljudi i životinja
Filmed:
Readability: 4
948,670 views
Legendarna proučavateljica čimpanzi Jane Goodall govori o TACARE i svojim drugim društvenim projektima koji pomažu ljudima u rastućim afričkim gradovima da žive uz ugrožene životinje.
Jane Goodall - Primatologist; environmentalist
Jane Goodall, dubbed by her biographer "the woman who redefined man," has changed our perceptions of primates, people, and the connection between the two. Over the past 45 years, Goodall herself has also evolved -- from steadfast scientist to passionate conservationist and humanitarian. Full bio
Jane Goodall, dubbed by her biographer "the woman who redefined man," has changed our perceptions of primates, people, and the connection between the two. Over the past 45 years, Goodall herself has also evolved -- from steadfast scientist to passionate conservationist and humanitarian. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:19
Good afternoon, good evening, whatever.
0
1000
3000
Dobar dan, dobra večer, kako god hoćete.
00:23
We can go, jambo, guten Abend, bonsoir,
1
5000
5000
Možemo početi sa jambo, guten abend, bonsoir,
00:28
but we can also ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh.
2
10000
9000
ali i sa – ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh.
00:38
That is the call that chimpanzees make
3
20000
3000
To je zvuk koji čimpanze ispuštaju
00:41
before they go to sleep in the evening.
4
23000
2000
prije nego što idu spavati navečer.
00:43
You hear it going from one side of the valley to the other,
5
25000
4000
Možete ga čuti kako se širi s jedne strane doline na drugu,
00:47
from one group of nests to the next.
6
29000
3000
od jedne grupe gnijezda do druge.
00:51
And I want to pick up with my talk this evening
7
33000
3000
Htjela bih nastaviti večeras
00:54
from where Zeray left off yesterday.
8
36000
4000
tamo gdje je Zeray stao jučer.
00:59
He was talking about this amazing, three-year-old Australopithecine child, Selam.
9
41000
6000
On je govorio o jednom čudesnom trogodišnjem djetetu australopiteka, Selamu.
01:05
And we've also been hearing about the history, the family tree, of mankind
10
47000
7000
Isto tako, slušali smo i o povijesti i obiteljskom stablu, o čovječanstvu
01:12
through DNA genetic profiling.
11
54000
3000
kroz analizu genetskoga koda.
01:15
And it was a paleontologist, the late Louis Leakey,
12
57000
5000
I zapravo je jedan paleontolog, pokojni Louis Leakey,
01:20
who actually set me on the path for studying chimpanzees.
13
62000
4000
bio taj koji me uputio ka proučavanju čimpanzi.
01:24
And it was pretty extraordinary, way back then.
14
66000
3000
Tada je to bilo prilično neobično.
01:27
It's kind of commonplace now,
15
69000
2000
Danas je to normalno,
01:29
but his argument was -- because he'd been searching
16
71000
3000
ali njegov argument tada je bio, jer je bio u potrazi
01:32
for the fossilized remains of early humans in Africa.
17
74000
5000
za fosiliziranim ostacima ranih ljudi u Africi –
01:37
And you can tell an awful lot
18
79000
3000
da se može jako puno reći
01:40
about what those beings looked like from the fossils,
19
82000
3000
o izgledu tih bića prema fosiliziranim ostacima
01:43
from the shape of the muscle attachments,
20
85000
3000
i prema obliku hvatišta mišića.
01:46
something about the way they lived
21
88000
2000
Možda nešto o njihovom načinu života
01:48
from the various artifacts found with them.
22
90000
3000
prema predmetima nađenima s njima.
01:51
But what about how they behaved? That's what he wanted to know.
23
93000
4000
Ali što je s njihovim ponašanjem? To je bilo ono što je on htio znati.
01:55
And of course, behavior doesn't fossilize.
24
97000
2000
A naravno, ponašanje se ne može fosilizirati.
01:57
He argued -- and it's now a fairly common theory --
25
99000
3000
On je tvrdio – a to je danas prihvaćena teorija –
02:00
that if we found behavior patterns similar or the same
26
102000
7000
da ako možemo pronaći ponavljajuće uzorke ponašanja slične ili iste
02:07
in our closest living relatives, the great apes, and humans today,
27
109000
4000
kod naših najbližih rođaka velikih čovjekolikih majmuna i današnjih ljudi,
02:11
then maybe those behaviors were present in the ape-like,
28
113000
4000
da su tada ti uzorci možda bili prisutni i kod majmunolikih,
02:15
human-like ancestor some seven million years ago.
29
117000
4000
čovjekolikih predaka prije nekih sedam milijuna godina.
02:19
And therefore, perhaps we had brought those characteristics with us
30
121000
4000
Dakle, možda smo mi te karakteristike prenosili sa sobom
02:23
from that ancient, ancient past.
31
125000
2000
iz davne, davne prošlosti.
02:25
Well, if you look in textbooks today that deal with human evolution,
32
127000
6000
Ako pogledate u današnje udžbenike koji se bave ljudskom evolucijom,
02:31
you very often find people speculating about how early humans
33
133000
4000
često možete naći nagađanja o tome kako su se prvi ljudi
02:35
may have behaved, based on the behavior of chimpanzees.
34
137000
4000
ponašali temeljeno na ponašanju čimpanzi.
02:39
They are more like us than any other living creature,
35
141000
4000
One su nam najsličnija živa bića,
02:43
and we've heard about that during this TED Conference.
36
145000
3000
kao što smo već čuli tijekom ove TED konferencije.
02:46
So it remains for me to comment on the ways in which chimpanzees
37
148000
5000
Ostaje mi, dakle, samo da komentiram sličnosti čimpanzi
02:51
are so like us, in certain aspects of their behavior.
38
153000
5000
i ljudi u određenim aspektima ponašanja.
02:57
Every chimpanzee has his or her own personality.
39
159000
3000
Svaka čimpanza ima svoju vlastitu osobnost.
03:00
Of course, I gave them names. They can live to be 60 years or more,
40
162000
4000
Ja im, naravno, dajem imena. Mogu doživjeti i preko 60 godina,
03:04
although we think most of them probably don't make it to 60 in the wild.
41
166000
5000
iako smatramo da većina njih ne doživi ni 60 u divljini.
03:09
Mr. Wurzel. The female has her first baby when she's 11 or 12.
42
171000
6000
Mr.Wurzel. Ženka ima svoje prvo mlado s 11 ili 12 godina.
03:15
Thereafter, she has one baby only every five or six years,
43
177000
4000
Nakon toga, ima mlado tek svakih pet ili šest godina
03:19
a long period of childhood dependency when the child is nursing,
44
181000
5000
jer postoji taj dugački period djetinjstva u kojemu ženka doji mlado,
03:24
sleeping with the mother at night, and riding on her back.
45
186000
4000
spava s njim noću i nosi ga na leđima.
03:28
And we believe that this long period of childhood
46
190000
3000
Vjerujemo da je taj dugački period djetinjstva
03:31
is important for chimpanzees, just as it is for us, in relation to learning.
47
193000
5000
važan za čimpanze isto toliko koliko je važan i za nas, barem što se tiče učenja.
03:36
As the brain becomes ever more complex
48
198000
2000
Što se više mozak razvija
03:38
during evolution in different forms of animals,
49
200000
4000
tijekom evolucije kod različitih životinja,
03:42
so we find that learning plays an ever more important role
50
204000
3000
to veću ulogu učenje ima
03:45
in an individual's life history.
51
207000
3000
u životu pojedinca.
03:48
And young chimpanzees spend a lot of time watching what their elders do.
52
210000
4000
A mlade čimpanze provode puno vremena promatrajući što odrasle čimpanze rade.
03:52
We know now that they're capable of imitating behaviors that they see.
53
214000
6000
Znamo i da su sposobni oponašati ta ponašanja koja vide.
03:58
And we believe that it's in this way
54
220000
3000
Zato smatramo da se
04:01
that the different tool-using behaviors -- that have now been seen
55
223000
3000
različite sposobnosti korištenja alata kojima svjedočimo
04:04
in all the different chimpanzee populations studied in Africa --
56
226000
4000
u svim populacijama čimpanzi proučavanima u Africi
04:08
how these are passed from one generation to the next,
57
230000
3000
zapravo prenose s jedne generacije na drugu
04:11
through observation, imitation and practice,
58
233000
3000
promatranjem, imitiranjem i vježbom,
04:14
so that we can describe these tool-using behaviors as primitive culture.
59
236000
5000
te stoga možemo te navike korištenja alata smatrati i primitivnom kulturom.
04:19
Chimpanzees don't have a spoken language. We've talked about that.
60
241000
4000
Čimpanze nemaju govorni jezik. O tome smo već pričali.
04:23
They do have a very rich repertoire of postures and gestures,
61
245000
4000
Međutim, imaju jako bogati repertoar poza, kretnji i gesta,
04:27
many of which are similar, or even identical, to ours
62
249000
4000
od kojih su mnoge slične, čak i identične našima
04:31
and formed in the same context. Greeting chimpanzees embracing.
63
253000
4000
i to u istom kontekstu. Čimpanze se pozdravljaju zagrljajima.
04:35
They also kiss, hold hands, pat one another on the back.
64
257000
3000
One se također i ljube, drže za ruke, tapšu jedni druge po leđima.
04:38
And they swagger and they throw rocks.
65
260000
3000
One se i šepire i bacaju kamenje.
04:42
In chimpanzee society, we find many, many examples of compassion,
66
264000
6000
U zajednici čimpanza možemo naći jako puno izražavanja sažaljenja,
04:48
precursors to love and true altruism.
67
270000
3000
što prethodi ljubavi i istinskom altruizmu.
04:51
Unfortunately, they, like us, have a dark side to their nature.
68
273000
4000
Nažalost, one, isto kao i mi, imaju i mračnu stranu.
04:55
They're capable of extreme brutality, even a kind of primitive war.
69
277000
5000
Sposobne su za strašne grubosti, čak i za neku vrstu primitivnog rata.
05:00
And these really aggressive behaviors, for the most part,
70
282000
3000
Takva agresivna ponašanja su većinom
05:03
are directed against individuals of the neighboring social group.
71
285000
4000
usmjerena protiv pripadnika susjedne zajednice.
05:07
They are very territorially aggressive.
72
289000
4000
Čimpanze su iznimno teritorijalno nastrojene.
05:12
Chimpanzees, I believe, more than any other living creature,
73
294000
4000
Vjerujem da su nam one, više od bilo kojih drugih bića,
05:16
have helped us to understand that, after all, there is no sharp line
74
298000
4000
pomogle da razumijemo da ipak ne postoji čvrsta granica
05:20
between humans and the rest of the animal kingdom.
75
302000
3000
između ljudi i ostatka životinjskog carstva.
05:23
It's a very blurry line, and it's getting more blurry all the time
76
305000
4000
To je vrlo nejasna granica, i postaje sve nejasnija
05:27
as we make even more observations.
77
309000
3000
kako provodimo daljnja istraživanja.
05:30
The study that I began in 1960 is still continuing to this day.
78
312000
5000
Istraživanje koje sam pokrenula 1960. traje do danas.
05:35
And these chimpanzees, living their complex social lives in the wild,
79
317000
5000
A čimpanze, koje vode svoje složene društvene živote u divljini,
05:40
have helped -- more than anything else --
80
322000
3000
pomogle su najviše od svih
05:43
to make us realize we are part of, and not separated from,
81
325000
4000
da shvatimo kako smo i mi dio, tj. da nismo odvojeni,
05:47
the amazing animals with whom we share the planet.
82
329000
3000
od ovih čudesnih životinja s kojima dijelimo planet.
05:50
So it's pretty sad to find that chimpanzees,
83
332000
3000
Zato je strašno vidjeti kako čimpanze,
05:53
like so many other creatures around the world, are losing their habitats.
84
335000
4000
kao i mnogo ostalih bića diljem svijeta, gube svoja staništa.
05:57
This is just one photograph from the air,
85
339000
3000
Ovo je samo jedna fotografija, slikana iz zraka,
06:00
and it shows you the forested highlands of Gombe.
86
342000
4000
i pokazuje šumovita brda Gombe.
06:04
And it was when I flew over the whole area, about 16 years ago,
87
346000
6000
Kada sam prije nekih 16 godina
06:10
and realized that outside the park, this forest,
88
352000
3000
letjela preko tog područja, te su se šume
06:13
which in 1960 had stretched almost unbroken
89
355000
3000
tada, 1960.godine još uvijek prostirale izvan
06:16
along the eastern shore of Lake Tanganyika,
90
358000
3000
nacionalnog parka Gombe duž gotovo cijele
06:19
which is where the tiny, 30-square-mile Gombe National Park lies,
91
361000
5000
istočne obale jezera Tanganyika, gdje mali Gombe Nacionalni Park površine 30 četvornih milja leži,
06:24
that a question came to my mind.
92
366000
3000
i palo mi je jedno pitanje na pamet --
06:27
"How can we even try to save these famous chimpanzees,
93
369000
4000
„Kako se uopće možemo truditi spasiti te slavne čimpanze
06:31
when the people living around the National Park are struggling to survive?"
94
373000
4000
kad ljudi koji žive oko nacionalnog parka jedva preživljavaju?“
06:35
More people are living there than the land could possibly support.
95
377000
4000
Tamo živi više ljudi nego što zemlja može podnijeti.
06:39
The numbers increased by refugees pouring in from Burundi
96
381000
4000
Brojke se još više povećavaju dolaskom izbjeglica iz Burundija
06:43
and over the lake from Congo.
97
385000
2000
i preko jezera iz Konga.
06:45
And very poor people -- they couldn't afford to buy food from elsewhere.
98
387000
7000
I sve jako siromašni ljudi – nisu si mogli priuštiti kupovinu hrane negdje drugdje.
06:52
This led to a program, which we call TACARE.
99
394000
3000
To je dovelo do stvaranja programa kojeg nazivamo Take Care.
06:55
It's a very holistic way of improving the lives
100
397000
5000
U njemu na veoma holistički način pokušavamo poboljšati život
07:00
of the people living in the villages around the park.
101
402000
3000
stanovništva u selima oko nacionalnog parka.
07:03
It started small with 12 villages. It's now in 24.
102
405000
4000
Počeli smo s 12 sela. Danas djelujemo u njih 24.
07:07
There isn't time to go into it, but it's including things like tree nurseries,
103
409000
5000
Nemamo sada vremena da ulazim u detalje, ali neke od stvari kojima se bavimo su njega drveća i
07:12
methods of farming most suitable to this now very degraded,
104
414000
4000
poljoprivredne metode koje najbolje odgovaraju degradiranom,
07:16
almost desert-like land up in these mountains.
105
418000
3000
skoro pustinjskom tlu u ovim planinama,
07:19
Ways of controlling, preventing soil erosion.
106
421000
4000
zatim kontroliranje i sprječavanje erozije tla,
07:23
Ways of reclaiming overused farmland,
107
425000
3000
smišljanje načina na koje se tlo može obogatiti
07:26
so that within two years they can again be productive.
108
428000
3000
da za dvije godine bude ponovno spremno za iskorištavanje,
07:29
Working to help the villagers obtain fresh water from wells.
109
431000
6000
pomoć seljanima u dobavi pitke vode,
07:35
Perhaps build some schoolrooms.
110
437000
3000
možda čak i izgradnja ponekih učionica.
07:38
Most important of all, I believe,
111
440000
3000
I vjerujem da je možda najvažnije od svega
07:41
is working with small groups of women,
112
443000
4000
naš rad s malim grupama žena,
07:45
providing them with opportunities for micro-credit loans.
113
447000
4000
kojima dajemo mogućnost za dizanje mikro kredita.
07:49
And we've got, as is the case around the world,
114
451000
3000
I, kao što je slučaj i u ostatku svijeta,
07:52
about 95 percent of all loans returned.
115
454000
4000
oko 95 posto kredita bude otplaćeno.
07:56
Empowering women, working with education,
116
458000
5000
Potičemo žene na edukaciju,
08:01
providing scholarships for girls so they can finish secondary school,
117
463000
6000
dajemo stipendije djevojkama koje žele završiti srednju školu,
08:07
in the clear understanding that, all around the world,
118
469000
3000
i sve to jer je činjenica da što više edukacija žena u cijelom svijetu
08:10
as women's education improves, family size drops.
119
472000
5000
napreduje, to se veličina obitelji smanjuje.
08:15
We provide information about family planning and about HIV/AIDS.
120
477000
5000
Također, informiramo ih o planiranju obitelji i o HIV-u i AIDS-u.
08:20
And as a result of this program,
121
482000
4000
Kao rezultat ovog programa,
08:24
something's happening for conservation.
122
486000
2000
postižemo nešto i za očuvanje područja,
08:26
What's happening for conservation is that the farmers living in these 24 villages,
123
488000
6000
a to je da, sada, seljaci koji žive u ta 24 sela,
08:32
instead of looking on us as a bunch of white people
124
494000
3000
više ne gledaju na nas kao hrpu bijelaca
08:35
coming to study a whole bunch of monkeys --
125
497000
3000
koji su došli proučavati hrpu majmuna.
08:38
and by the way, many of the staff are now Tanzanian --
126
500000
4000
Usput, sada imamo i velik broj Tanzanijaca kao zaposlenika,
08:42
but when we began the TACARE program,
127
504000
3000
a kada smo počeli s Take Care programom,
08:45
it was a Tanzanian team going into the villages.
128
507000
3000
slali smo ekipe sastavljene od Tanzanijaca u sela
08:48
It was a Tanzanian team talking to the villagers,
129
510000
3000
i oni su bili ti koji su razgovarali sa seljanima
08:51
asking what they were interested in.
130
513000
2000
i ispitivali ih za što su zainteresirani –
08:53
Were they interested in conservation? Absolutely not.
131
515000
3000
Zanima li ih program zaštite životinja? Uopće ne.
08:56
They were interested in health; they were interested in education.
132
518000
3000
Zanimalo ih je zdravstvo, zanimalo ih je obrazovanje.
08:59
And as time went on, and as their situation began to improve,
133
521000
7000
A kako je vrijeme prolazilo i njihova se situacija počela poboljšavati,
09:06
they began to understand ever more about the need for conservation.
134
528000
5000
počeli su shvaćati zašto postoji potreba za očuvanjem područja.
09:11
They began to understand
135
533000
2000
Shvatili su da
09:13
that as the upper levels of the hills were denuded of trees,
136
535000
3000
deforestacija viših brda
09:16
so you've got this terrible soil erosion and mudslides.
137
538000
4000
izaziva pojavu erozije tla i klizišta.
09:20
Today, we are developing what we call the Greater Gombe Ecosystem.
138
542000
5000
Danas razvijamo i nešto što nazivamo velikim ekosistemom Gombea.
09:25
This is an area way outside the National Park,
139
547000
3000
To je područje dalje od nacionalnog parka
09:28
stretching out into all these very degraded lands.
140
550000
4000
koje se proteže kroz različita oštećena zemljišta.
09:32
And as these villages have a better standard of life,
141
554000
4000
A kako seljani sada imaju bolji životni standard,
09:36
they are actually agreeing to put
142
558000
2000
prihvatili su dati
09:38
between 10 percent and 20 percent of their land in the highlands aside,
143
560000
5000
10-20 posto svoje zemlje smještene na višim područjima
09:43
so that once again, as the trees grow back,
144
565000
4000
da bi se na tim područjima obnovile šume
09:47
the chimpanzees will have leafy corridors
145
569000
2000
i kako bi čimpanze imale koridore
09:49
through which they can travel to interact --
146
571000
3000
koji bi ih spajali s drugim zajednicama čimpanzi
09:52
as they must for genetic viability --
147
574000
3000
izvan nacionalnog parka,
09:55
with other remnant groups outside the National Park.
148
577000
3000
što je važno za genetsku održivost.
09:58
So TACARE is a success.
149
580000
4000
Program Take Care je, dakle, vrlo uspješan.
10:02
We're replicating it in other parts of Africa,
150
584000
3000
Provodimo ga i u drugim dijelovima Afrike,
10:05
around other wilderness areas
151
587000
2000
oko drugih divljih područja
10:07
which are faced with extreme population pressure.
152
589000
3000
koja su suočena s prevelikom naseljenošću.
10:10
The problems in Africa, however, as we've been discussing
153
592000
5000
Međutim, problemi su u Africi, kao što smo
10:15
for the whole of these first couple of days of TED,
154
597000
4000
ovih proteklih dana na ovoj TED konferenciji i govorili,
10:19
are major problems.
155
601000
3000
jako veliki problemi.
10:22
There is a great deal of poverty.
156
604000
2000
Govorimo o ogromnom broju siromašnih.
10:24
And when you get large numbers of people
157
606000
4000
A kad imate velik broj ljudi
10:28
living in land that is not that fertile,
158
610000
4000
koji žive na neplodnom tlu,
10:32
particularly when you cut down trees,
159
614000
2000
pogotovo nakon što posiječete drveće
10:34
and you leave the soil open to the wind for erosion,
160
616000
4000
i ostavite tlo otvoreno utjecajima vjetra koji stvaraju eroziju,
10:39
as desperate populations cut down more and more trees,
161
621000
3000
a očajno stanovništvo i dalje sječe sve više i više drveća
10:42
so that they can try and grow food for themselves and their families,
162
624000
4000
da bi poljoprivredom prehranili svoje obitelji,
10:46
what's going to happen? Something's got to give.
163
628000
3000
što će se dogoditi? Nešto mora patit.
10:49
And the other problems -- in not only Africa,
164
631000
6000
Postoje i drugi problemi – ne samo u Africi,
10:55
but the rest of the developing world and, indeed, everywhere --
165
637000
4000
nego i u ostalim zemljama u razvoju, zapravo svugdje.
10:59
what are we doing to our planet?
166
641000
3000
Što to radimo svom planetu?
11:02
You know, the famous scientist, E. O. Wilson
167
644000
3000
Znate, poznati znanstvenik E.O.Wilson
11:05
said that if every person on this planet
168
647000
3000
rekao je da ako svaka osoba na Zemlji
11:08
attains the standard of living of the average European or American,
169
650000
4000
dosegne životni standard prosječnog Europljanina ili Amerikanca,
11:12
we need three new planets.
170
654000
2000
trebat će nam tri nova planeta.
11:14
Today, they are saying four. But we don't have them. We've got one.
171
656000
5000
Danas kažu čak i četiri. Ali nemamo ih. Imamo samo jedan.
11:20
And what's happened? I mean, the question here is, here we are,
172
662000
6000
I što se dogodilo? Hoću reći, ono što je ovdje problem – evo nas,
11:26
arguably the most intelligent being that's ever walked planet Earth,
173
668000
5000
možda najinteligentnija stvorenja koja su ikad hodala Zemljom,
11:31
with this extraordinary brain,
174
673000
2000
imamo veličanstveni mozak
11:33
capable of the kind of technology
175
675000
3000
sposoban stvoriti tehnologiju
11:36
that is so well illustrated by these TED Conferences,
176
678000
4000
koju ove TED konferencije tako dobro prikazuju.
11:40
and yet we're destroying the only home we have.
177
682000
4000
A ipak uništavamo jedini dom koji imamo.
11:44
The indigenous people around the world,
178
686000
3000
Starosjedioci su diljem svijeta
11:47
before they made a major decision,
179
689000
2000
prije donosili odluke
11:49
used to sit around and ask themselves,
180
691000
3000
tako da su se upitali,
11:52
"How does this decision affect our people seven generations ahead?"
181
694000
4000
„Kako će ova odluka utjecati na život našeg naroda za sedam generacija?“
11:56
Today, major decisions -- and I'm not particularly talking about Africa here,
182
698000
5000
Danas se najvažnije odluke – ne govorim samo o Africi,
12:01
but the developed world --
183
703000
2000
nego i o razvijenom svijetu –
12:03
major decisions involving millions of dollars,
184
705000
3000
velike odluke koje uključuju milijune dolara
12:06
and millions of people, are often based on,
185
708000
2000
i milijune ljudi, donose temeljene na pitanjima tipa,
12:08
"How will this affect the next shareholders' meeting?"
186
710000
3000
„Kako će ovo utjecati na slijedeći sastanak dioničara?“
12:11
And these decisions affect Africa.
187
713000
2000
I takve odluke utječu na Afriku.
12:13
As I began traveling around Africa
188
715000
2000
Kada sam počela putovati Afrikom
12:15
talking about the problems faced by chimpanzees and their vanishing forests,
189
717000
5000
i govoriti o problemima s kojima se čimpanze suočavaju i njihovim šumama
12:20
I realized more and more how so many of Africa's problems
190
722000
3000
koje nestaju, shvatila sam da se za većinu problema u Africi
12:23
could be laid at the door of previous colonial exploitation.
191
725000
5000
može okriviti prijašnja kolonijalna eksploatacija.
12:28
So I began traveling outside Africa, talking in Europe,
192
730000
3000
Zato sam počela putovati i izvan Afrike, govoriti u Europi,
12:31
talking in the United States, going to Asia.
193
733000
3000
govoriti u Sjedinjenim Državama, u Aziji.
12:34
And everywhere there were these terrible problems.
194
736000
3000
I svugdje postoje ti užasni problemi.
12:37
And you know the kind I'm talking about. I'm talking about pollution.
195
739000
4000
Znate o kakvim problemima pričam. Mislim na zagađenje.
12:41
The air that we breathe that often poisons us.
196
743000
3000
Zrak koji dišemo nas truje.
12:44
The earth is poisoning our foods.
197
746000
2000
Zemlja truje našu hranu.
12:46
The water -- water is perhaps one of the most crucial issues
198
748000
4000
Voda – ona je vjerojatno jedan od najvažnijih problema
12:50
that we're going to face in this century --
199
752000
3000
s kojima ćemo se morati suočiti u ovom stoljeću.
12:53
and everywhere water is being polluted by agricultural,
200
755000
3000
Voda se svugdje zagađuje poljoprivrednim,
12:56
industrial and household chemicals
201
758000
3000
industrijskim i kemikalijama
12:59
that still are being sprayed around the world,
202
761000
3000
iz kućanstava, koje se još uvijek koriste svugdje u svijetu,
13:02
seemingly with the inability to profit from past experience.
203
764000
5000
bez obzira na prijašnja loša iskustva.
13:07
The mangroves are being cut down;
204
769000
3000
Šume mangrova se sijeku
13:10
the effects of things like the tsunami get worse.
205
772000
3000
i zbog toga su posljedice nepogoda kao što su tsunamiji još gore.
13:13
We've talked about the soil erosion.
206
775000
2000
Već smo pričali o eroziji tla.
13:15
We have the reckless burning of fossil fuels
207
777000
4000
Imamo i također nepromišljeno izgaranje fosilnih goriva koje,
13:19
along with other greenhouse gasses, so called,
208
781000
3000
zajedno s tzv. efektom staklenika,
13:22
leading to climate change.
209
784000
2000
utječe na promjenu klime.
13:24
Finally, all around the world, people have begun to believe
210
786000
4000
Napokon, diljem svijeta ljudi počinju vjerovati
13:28
that there is something going on very wrong with our climate.
211
790000
3000
da se događa nešto vrlo loše za našu klimu.
13:31
All around the world climates are mixed up.
212
793000
3000
Klima se mijenja u cijelom svijetu.
13:34
And it's the poor people who are affected worse.
213
796000
3000
A to najviše utječe na siromašne.
13:37
It's Africa that already is affected.
214
799000
3000
I Afrika je već pogođena.
13:40
In many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, the droughts are so much worse.
215
802000
4000
Suše su sve teže u mnogim dijelovima Afrike južno od Sahare.
13:44
And when the rain does come, it so often leads to flooding
216
806000
3000
A kada kiša napokon dođe, vrlo često dolazi do poplava,
13:47
and added distress, and the cycle of poverty and hunger and disease.
217
809000
7000
nepogoda i neizbježnog siromaštva, gladi i bolesti.
13:54
And the numbers of people living in an area that the land cannot support,
218
816000
6000
A na prekomjerno naseljenim područjima sve je više ljudi
14:00
who are too poor to buy food,
219
822000
3000
koji si ne mogu priuštiti kupovinu hrane,
14:03
who can't move away because the whole land is degraded.
220
825000
3000
a nemaju kuda odseliti.
14:06
And so you get desertification -- creeping, creeping, creeping --
221
828000
6000
I tako dolazi do dezertifikacije, problem se polako prikrada
14:12
as the last of the trees are cut down.
222
834000
2000
sve dok se ne posiječe i zadnje drvo.
14:14
And this kind of thing is not just in Africa. It's all over the world.
223
836000
4000
Ali to se ne događa samo u Africi. Događa se u cijelom svijetu.
14:20
So it wasn't surprising to me
224
842000
4000
Zato me i nije iznenadilo,
14:24
that as I was traveling around the world
225
846000
2000
tijekom mojih putovanja po cijelom svijetu,
14:26
I met so many young people who seemed to have lost hope.
226
848000
4000
sresti toliko mladih ljudi koji su izgubili svu nadu.
14:30
We seem to have lost wisdom, the wisdom of the indigenous people.
227
852000
5000
Izgleda da smo izgubili svu mudrost, mudrost starosjedioca.
14:35
I asked a question. "Why?"
228
857000
3000
Postavlja se pitanje: „Zašto?“
14:38
Well, do you think there could be some kind of disconnect
229
860000
4000
Mislite li da je možda veza
14:42
between this extraordinarily clever brain,
230
864000
3000
između našeg čudesnog pametnog mozga,
14:45
the kind of brain that the TED technologies exemplify,
231
867000
6000
što vidimo po ovoj TED tehnologiji,
14:51
and the human heart? Talking about it in the non-scientific term,
232
873000
4000
i ljudskog srca prekinuta? Naravno, ne govorim u znanstvenom smislu,
14:55
in terms of love and compassion. Is there some disconnect?
233
877000
5000
nego u smislu ljubavi i sućuti. Je li ta veza prekinuta?
15:00
And these young people, when I talk to them,
234
882000
4000
Kad sam pričala sa svim tim mladim ljudima,
15:04
basically they were either depressed or apathetic,
235
886000
3000
oni su svi bili ili depresivni i nezainteresirani
15:07
or bitter and angry. And they said more or less the same thing,
236
889000
4000
ili ogorčeni i ljuti. I svi su rekli više-manje istu stvar:
15:11
"We feel this way because we feel you've compromised our future
237
893000
3000
„Tako se osjećamo jer mislimo da ste ugrozili našu budućnost,
15:14
and there's nothing we can do about it."
238
896000
3000
a mi to nikako ne možemo spriječiti.“
15:17
We have compromised their future.
239
899000
2000
Ugrozili smo njihovu budućnost.
15:19
I've got three little grandchildren, and every time I look at them
240
901000
3000
Imam troje unučadi i obuzme me očaj svaki put
15:22
and I think how we've harmed this beautiful planet since I was their age,
241
904000
5000
kada pomislim koliko smo naudili ovom prekrasnom planetu
15:27
I feel this desperation.
242
909000
2000
otkada sam ja bila njihove dobi.
15:29
And that led to this program we call Roots and Shoots,
243
911000
3000
To je dovelo do osnivanja programa Roots and Shoots
15:32
which began right here in Tanzania
244
914000
3000
s kojim smo počeli u Tanzaniji,
15:35
and has now spread to 97 countries around the world.
245
917000
4000
a danas djeluje u 97 zemalja diljem svijeta.
15:39
It's symbolic. Roots make a firm foundation.
246
921000
3000
Naziv je simboličan – korijenje čini čvrste temelje,
15:42
Shoots seem tiny; to reach the sun they can break through a brick wall.
247
924000
4000
a mladice se čine krhkima, ali da bi doprle do sunca, mogu srušiti i betonske zidove,
15:46
See the brick wall as all these problems we've inflicted on the planet,
248
928000
4000
koji u našem slučaju predstavljaju sve društvene i ekološke probleme koje smo
15:50
environmental and social. It's a message of hope.
249
932000
3000
nametnuli svom planetu. Na taj način šaljemo poruku nade.
15:53
Hundreds and thousands of young people around the world
250
935000
3000
Stotine i tisuće mladih ljudi u cijelom svijetu
15:56
can break through and can make this a better world for all living things.
251
938000
5000
mogu srušiti te zidove i učiniti ovaj svijet boljim.
16:01
The most important message of Roots and Shoots:
252
943000
3000
Najvažnija poruka ovog programa je to
16:04
every single one of us makes a difference, every single day.
253
946000
5000
da je svaki pojedinac važan.
16:09
We have a choice. Every one of us in this room,
254
951000
4000
Svi mi imamo izbor. Svi mi ovdje u ovoj prostoriji
16:13
we have a choice as to what kind of difference we want to make.
255
955000
5000
možemo izabrati ono što želimo promijeniti.
16:18
The very poor have no choice. It's up to us to change things
256
960000
5000
Ali siromašni nemaju taj izbor. Na nama je
16:23
so that the poor have choice as well.
257
965000
3000
da i njima omogućimo izbor.
16:26
The Roots and Shoots groups all choose three projects.
258
968000
4000
Sve grupe u programu izabiru tri projekta.
16:30
It depends on how old they are, and which country,
259
972000
4000
To ovisi o njihovoj dobi, zemlji u kojoj se nalaze,
16:34
whether they're in a city or rural, as to what kinds of projects.
260
976000
4000
žive li u gradu ili na selu.
16:38
But basically, we have programs now from preschool right through university,
261
980000
4000
U osnovi, imamo programe i za vrtiće i za sveučilišta,
16:42
with more and more adults starting their own Roots and Shoots groups.
262
984000
6000
a sve više odraslih osniva vlastite Roots and Shoots grupe.
16:48
And every group chooses, between them,
263
990000
3000
Svaka od tih grupa odabire si
16:51
three different kinds of project to make this a better world,
264
993000
3000
tri projekta za poboljšanje situacije u svijetu,
16:54
recognizing that all these different problems are interconnected
265
996000
4000
imajući na umu da su svi ti problemi međusobno povezani
16:58
and impinge on each other.
266
1000000
2000
i utječu jedni na druge.
17:00
So one of their projects will be to help their own human community.
267
1002000
3000
Jedan od njihovih ciljeva je i pomoći vlastitoj društvenoj zajednici.
17:03
And then, if they're able, they may raise money to help communities
268
1005000
4000
Poslije, ako su u mogućnosti, mogu skupljati novce za pomoć drugim zajednicama
17:07
in other parts of the world.
269
1009000
2000
u svijetu.
17:09
One of their projects will be to help animals -- not just wildlife,
270
1011000
4000
Jedan od ciljeva je i pomoći životinjama, ne samo u divljini,
17:13
domestic animals as well.
271
1015000
2000
nego i domaćim životinjama.
17:15
And one of their projects will be to help the environment that we all share.
272
1017000
4000
Također, cilj je i zaštititi okoliš koji svi mi dijelimo.
17:19
And woven throughout all of this is a message
273
1021000
4000
A kroz sve je to protkana poruka
17:23
of learning to live in peace and harmony within ourselves,
274
1025000
5000
svim ljudima da žive u miru i skladu sami sa sobom,
17:28
in our families, in our communities, between nations, between cultures,
275
1030000
4000
sa svojim obiteljima, zajednicama, drugim narodima, kulturama,
17:32
between religions and between us and the natural world.
276
1034000
4000
religijama i s prirodom oko sebe.
17:36
We need the natural world. We cannot go on destroying it at the rate we are.
277
1038000
5000
Jer nama je priroda potrebna i ne možemo je nastaviti uništavati ovim tempom
17:41
We not do have more than this one planet.
278
1043000
4000
jer je to jedini planet koji imamo.
17:45
Just picking one or two of the projects right here in Africa
279
1047000
4000
Evo samo dva, tri primjera projekata programa Roots and Shoots koji
17:49
that the Roots and Shoots groups are doing,
280
1051000
3000
se odvijaju u Africi –
17:52
one or two projects only -- in Tanzania, in Uganda, Kenya,
281
1054000
5000
u Tanzaniji, Ugandi, Keniji,
17:57
South Africa, Congo-Brazzaville, Sierra Leone, Cameroon
282
1059000
5000
Južnoafričkoj Republici, Kongu, Brazzavilleu, Sierri Leone, Kamerunu
18:02
and other groups. And as I say, it's in 97 countries around the world.
283
1064000
4000
i dalje. Kao što sam rekla, sada se to isto događa u 97 zemalja diljem svijeta.
18:06
Of course, they're planting trees. They're growing organic vegetables.
284
1068000
4000
Naravno, grupe sade drveće, uzgajaju organsko povrće,
18:10
They're working in the refugee camps, with chickens
285
1072000
3000
rade u kampovima za izbjeglice, uzgajaju piliće
18:13
and selling the eggs for a little amount of money,
286
1075000
2000
i prodaju jaja za male novce
18:15
or just using them to feed their families,
287
1077000
3000
ili ih koriste za prehranu vlastitih obitelji
18:18
and feeling a sense of pride and empowerment,
288
1080000
3000
i pri tome svemu imaju osjećaj ponosa i moći
18:21
because they're no longer helpless and depending on others
289
1083000
2000
jer više nisu bespomoćni
18:23
with their vegetables and their chickens.
290
1085000
3000
i ovisni o drugima.
18:26
It's being used in Uganda
291
1088000
2000
To se primjenjuje u Ugandi
18:28
to give some psychological help to ex-child soldiers.
292
1090000
5000
u svrhu pružanja psihološke pomoći bivšoj djeci-vojnicima.
18:33
Doing projects like this is bringing them out of themselves.
293
1095000
3000
Radeći na ovim projektima, oni se udaljuju od svojih problema
18:36
Once again, they're useful members of society.
294
1098000
3000
i ponovno postaju korisnim članovima društva.
18:39
We have this program in prisons as well.
295
1101000
2000
Ovaj program provodimo i u zatvorima.
18:42
So, there's no time for more Roots and Shoots now.
296
1104000
3000
Međutim, nemamo sad više vremena za priču o Roots and Shoots programu.
18:45
But -- oh, they're also working on HIV/AIDS.
297
1107000
4000
Ali samo da napomenem kako se program bavi i HIV-om i AIDS-om.
18:49
That's a very important component of Roots and Shoots,
298
1111000
3000
To je vrlo važna komponenta programa,
18:52
with older kids talking to younger ones.
299
1114000
2000
gdje starija djeca informiraju mlađu.
18:54
And unwanted pregnancies and things like that,
300
1116000
3000
Mladi radije slušaju svoje vršnjake nego odrasle
18:57
which young people listen to better from other youth, rather than adults.
301
1119000
5000
kad se radi o neželjenim trudnoćama i sličnim stvarima.
19:03
Hope. That's the question I get asked as I'm going around the world:
302
1125000
5000
Nada. To je pitanje koje mi postavljaju diljem svijeta.
19:08
"Jane, you've seen so many terrible things,
303
1130000
2000
„Jane, vidjela si toliko strašnih stvari,
19:10
you've seen your chimpanzees decrease in number
304
1132000
3000
vidjela si kako se broj tvojih čimpanzi smanjio
19:13
from about one million, at the turn of the century,
305
1135000
2000
od jednog milijuna koliko ih je bilo na kraju stoljeća
19:15
to no more than 150,000 now, and the same with so many other animals.
306
1137000
5000
do jedva 150.000 danas. A isto se događa i s drugim životinjama.
19:20
Forests disappearing, deserts where once there was forest.
307
1142000
4000
Šume nestaju, pustinje preuzimaju njihova mjesta.
19:24
Do you really have hope?" Well, yes.
308
1146000
4000
Zar stvarno imaš nade?“ Pa, da.
19:28
You can't come to a conference like TED and not have hope, can you?
309
1150000
4000
Ne možete doći na konferenciju kao što je ova i ne imati nade, zar ne?
19:32
And of course, there's hope. One is this amazing human brain.
310
1154000
4000
Naravno da ima nade. Jedna je ovaj čudesni ljudski mozak.
19:36
And I mean, think of the technologies.
311
1158000
2000
Hoću reći, pomislite samo na svu tu tehnologiju.
19:38
And I've just been so thrilled, finally, to come to people talking about compost latrines.
312
1160000
7000
Bila sam tako uzbuđena kad sam vidjela da ljudi govore o kompostnim nužnicima.
19:45
It's one of my hobbyhorses.
313
1167000
2000
To je inače jedna od mojih najdražih tema.
19:47
We just flush all this water down the lavatory, it's terrible.
314
1169000
4000
Zamislite samo koliko vode potrošimo u toaletima, užas.
19:51
And then talking about renewable energy -- desperately important.
315
1173000
5000
Tu su i jako važne priče o obnovljivoj energiji.
19:56
Do we care about the planet for our children?
316
1178000
3000
Marimo li uopće u kakvom će stanju ovaj planet biti za našu djecu?
19:59
How many of us have children or grandchildren, nieces, nephews?
317
1181000
3000
Koliko nas ima djecu, unučad, nećake, nećakinje?
20:02
Do we care about their future?
318
1184000
3000
Marimo li za njihovu budućnost?
20:05
And if we care about their future, we, as the elite around the world,
319
1187000
5000
Ako marimo, tada mi kao elitne skupine u cijelom svijetu
20:10
we can do something about it. We can make choices as to how we live each day.
320
1192000
4000
možemo nešto učiniti u vezi toga. Možemo izabrati kako ćemo živjeti.
20:14
What we buy. What we wear.
321
1196000
2000
Što ćemo kupovati. Što nositi.
20:16
And choose to make these choices with the question,
322
1198000
5000
I sve te odluke donijeti imajući na umu pitanje
20:21
how will this affect the environment around me?
323
1203000
3000
kako će to utjecati na okoliš oko mene?
20:24
How will it affect the life of my child when he or she grows up?
324
1206000
5000
Kako će to utjecati na život mog djeteta kad ono odraste?
20:29
Or my grandchild, or whatever it is.
325
1211000
2000
Ili na život moje unučadi, nije važno.
20:31
So the human brain, coupled with the human heart,
326
1213000
5000
Moramo spojiti ljudski mozak ponovno s ljudskim srcem
20:36
and we join hands around the world.
327
1218000
2000
i pružiti si ruke diljem svijeta.
20:38
And that's what TED is helping so well with, and Google who help us,
328
1220000
4000
Zato nam TED puno pomaže, kao i Google,
20:42
and Esri are helping us with mapping in Gombe National Park.
329
1224000
5000
i ESRI koji nam pomaže u maipiranju Nacionalnog parka Gombe.
20:47
All of these technologies we can use.
330
1229000
2000
To je sve korisna tehnologija.
20:49
Now let's link them, and it's beginning to happen, isn't it?
331
1231000
3000
Sve što trebamo je povezati ih međusobno i promjene se počinju događati, zar ne?
20:52
You've heard about it this afternoon. It's beginning to happen.
332
1234000
4000
Čuli ste o tome ovo popodne. Ove promjene,
20:56
This change, this change. To see change
333
1238000
2000
ove promjene koje se
20:58
that we must have if we care about the future.
334
1240000
3000
moraju dogoditi ako nam je stalo do budućnosti.
21:01
And the next reason for hope -- nature is amazingly resilient.
335
1243000
4000
Tu je i slijedeći razlog za nadu – činjenica da je priroda nevjerojatno elastična.
21:05
You can take an area that's absolutely destroyed,
336
1247000
3000
Čak se i u potpunosti uništeno područje
21:08
with time and perhaps some help it can regenerate.
337
1250000
3000
može s vremenom i malom pomoći regenerirati.
21:11
And an example is the TACARE program.
338
1253000
3000
Jedan od primjera je i Take Care program.
21:14
I told you, where a seemingly dead tree stump --
339
1256000
3000
Prividno odumrli panjevi,
21:17
if you stop hacking them for firewood,
340
1259000
2000
ako ih prestanete cijepati za loženje vatre,
21:19
which you don't need to because you have wood lots,
341
1261000
2000
što ionako ne trebate jer imate dosta drva,
21:21
then in five years you can have a 30-foot tree.
342
1263000
4000
mogu u pet godina izrasti u oko 10 metara visoko drvo.
21:25
And animals, almost on the brink of extinction,
343
1267000
3000
I životinjama na rubu izumiranja
21:28
can be given a second chance. That's my next book.
344
1270000
3000
se može dati druga šansa. To je moja slijedeća knjiga.
21:31
It's inspiring. And it brings me to my last category of hope,
345
1273000
4000
I to nadahnjuje. I dovodi me do zadnje kategorije nade –
21:35
and we've heard about this so much in the last two days:
346
1277000
3000
o tome smo jako puno čuli u ova zadnja dva dana:
21:38
this indomitable human spirit. This determination of people,
347
1280000
4000
nesavladivi ljudski duh. Ljudska odlučnost,
21:42
the resilience of the human spirit,
348
1284000
2000
otpornost ljudskog duha
21:44
So that people who you would think would be battered by poverty,
349
1286000
4000
koja pomaže ljudima koji bi možda trebali biti shrvani siromaštvom,
21:48
or disease, or whatever, can pull themselves up out of it,
350
1290000
5000
bolešću ili nečime drugim da nadiđu svoje probleme,
21:53
sometimes with a helping hand, and take their part in society,
351
1295000
6000
nekad uz malu pomoć, i da zauzmu svoje mjesto u društvu
21:59
and take their part in changing the world.
352
1301000
3000
i svoju ulogu u mijenjanju svijeta.
22:02
And just to think of one or two people out of Africa who are just really inspiring.
353
1304000
4000
Htjela bih samo spomenuti jedno-dvoje ljudi iz Afrike koji zaista nadahnjuju.
22:06
We could make a very long list,
354
1308000
3000
Mogli bismo napraviti veoma dugačak popis,
22:09
but obviously Nelson Mandela, emerging from 17 years
355
1311000
3000
ali očito treba spomenuti Nelsona Mandelu, koji je nakon 17 godina
22:12
of hard physical labor, 23 years of imprisonment,
356
1314000
3000
teškog fizičkog rada i 23 godine zatvora
22:15
with this amazing ability to forgive, so that he could lead his nation
357
1317000
4000
sačuvao čudesnu sposobnost praštanja i to sve kako bi izveo svoj narod
22:19
out the evil regime of apartheid without a bloodbath.
358
1321000
4000
iz zla apartheida bez krvoprolića.
22:23
Ken Saro-Wiwa, in Nigeria, who took on the giant oil companies,
359
1325000
5000
Zatim Ken Saro-Wiwa iz Nigerije koji je ustao protiv velikih naftnih kompanija
22:28
and although people around the world tried their best, was executed.
360
1330000
5000
i, unatoč nastojanjima ljudi iz cijelog svijeta, bio pogubljen.
22:33
People like this are so inspirational.
361
1335000
4000
Ljudi kao oni veliko su nadahnuće.
22:37
People like this are the role models we need for young Africans.
362
1339000
4000
Oni su uzori kakve trebamo za mlade Afrikance.
22:41
And we need some environmental role models as well,
363
1343000
4000
A trebamo i ekološke uzore također,
22:45
and I've been hearing some of them today.
364
1347000
2000
o nekima danas i čujem.
22:47
So I'm really grateful for this opportunity to share this message
365
1349000
5000
Baš zato sam i uistinu zahvalna što mogu podijeliti ovu poruku
22:52
again, with everyone at TED.
366
1354000
2000
ovdje sa svima na TED-u.
22:54
And I hope that some of us can get together and talk about some of these things,
367
1356000
5000
Nadam se da se možemo naći i popričati o nekim od ovih stvari,
22:59
especially the Roots and Shoots program.
368
1361000
2000
pogotovo o Roots and Shoots programu.
23:01
And just a last word on that --
369
1363000
2000
I još posljednja riječ o tome –
23:03
the young woman who's running this entire conference center,
370
1365000
3000
danas sam srela djevojku koja vodi ovaj čitav konferencijski centar.
23:06
I met her today.
371
1368000
2000
Upoznala sam je danas.
23:08
She came up so excited, with her certificate. She was [in] Roots and Shoots.
372
1370000
5000
Prišla mi je, sva uzbuđena, sa svojom diplomom. Ona je sudjelovala u Roots and Shoots programu.
23:13
She was in the leadership in Dar es Salaam.
373
1375000
2000
Radila je u vodstvu u Dar Es Salaamu
23:15
She said it's helped her to do what she's doing.
374
1377000
3000
i rekla mi je da joj je to pomoglo u onome što sada radi.
23:18
And it was very, very exciting for me to meet her
375
1380000
3000
Susresti ju za mene je bilo vrlo uzbudljivo
23:21
and see just one example of how young people,
376
1383000
3000
jer to je samo jedan od primjera kako mladi ljudi,
23:24
when they are empowered, given the opportunity to take action,
377
1386000
6000
kada im se podari moć, mogućnost da djeluju,
23:30
to make the world a better place,
378
1392000
2000
da učine svijet boljim mjestom,
23:32
truly are our hope for tomorrow.
379
1394000
2000
zaista jesu naša nada za sutrašnjicu.
23:34
Thank you.
380
1396000
2000
Hvala vam.
23:37
(Applause)
381
1399000
3000
(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jane Goodall - Primatologist; environmentalistJane Goodall, dubbed by her biographer "the woman who redefined man," has changed our perceptions of primates, people, and the connection between the two. Over the past 45 years, Goodall herself has also evolved -- from steadfast scientist to passionate conservationist and humanitarian.
Why you should listen
Jane Goodall hasn't exactly found the missing link, but she's come closer than just about anyone else on Earth. Her extensive research into the behavior of chimpanzees, which started in Africa in the 1960s and continues today, fundamentally altered scientific thinking about the relationship between humans and other mammals.
Goodall, who founded a research institute in her name in 1977, is an internationally recognized authority on the primate world. She's written books for adults and children, contributed to documentaries, and serves as a National Geographic explorer-in-residence, a United Nations peace messenger, and the president of Advocates for Animals. For her efforts to observe and preserve all species, Goodall has received honors and accolades from governments, nonprofits, universities, and professional organizations, including a medal from UNESCO and the French Legion of Honor in 2006.
Jane Goodall | Speaker | TED.com