Kelly Wanser: Emergency medicine for our climate fever
Kelly Wanser: Obat darurat penurun demam iklim
Kelly Wanser helps study and invent global-scale technological interventions that could save humanity from the worst effects of climate change. Full bio
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important that may be new to you.
yang mungkin baru bagi Anda.
tanpa disengaja
an unintentional experiment
to lower their sulfur emissions
mewajibkan kapal menurunkan emisi sulfur
lebih bersih.
in the emission of ships
of the United States.
Amerika Serikat.
are created by the exhaust from ships.
limbah buangan kapal.
both greenhouse gases,
that mix with clouds
berbaur dengan awan
more sunlight back to space,
memantulkan lebih banyak sinar matahari
two unintentional experiments
eksperimen tanpa disengaja
the concentration of greenhouse gases
meningkatkan konsentrasi gas rumah kaca
in the human body.
its effects are mild,
efeknya ringan,
damage grows more severe
menjadi lebih besar
a layer of particles
selapis partikel
from some of this warming.
dari sebagian pemanasan ini.
in ocean clouds like these,
laut seperti ini,
of sulfur emissions from ships next year
pengurangan emisi sulfur kapal tahun depan
in global warming.
terkendali pada pemanasan global.
that brighten clouds:
mengandung sulfat yang mencerahkan awan:
cooling effect from emission particles,
efek pendinginan dari partikel emisi,
when they're in the climate,
di dalam iklim,
we've experienced up until now.
kita alami hingga saat ini.
around this effect,
tentang efek ini,
why we have difficulty predicting climate,
sulitnya meramalkan iklim,
as emissions fall.
akan hilang, ketika emisi menurun.
are currently cooling the planet
mendinginkan planet
into the atmosphere at massive scale.
ke atmosfer dalam skala masif.
and we're doing it accidentally.
melakukannya tanpa sengaja.
a fast-acting way to reduce warming,
cara cepat mengatasi pemanasan
for our climate fever if we needed it,
jika diperlukan,
with origins in nature.
of earth's atmosphere,
milik NASA,
moving over the planet.
dan partikel mengitari planet.
reflecting from particles in clouds,
yang terpantul dari partikel di awan,
is one of the primary ways
salah satu cara utama alam
cool enough for humans
cukup dingin bagi manusia
for rapidly cooling climate.
kemungkinan iklim mendingin dengan cepat.
things like mirrors in space,
seperti cermin di ruang angkasa,
plastic sheets on the Arctic,
lembaran plastik di Arktik,
that the most viable approaches
paling layak
this atmospheric reflectivity.
reflektivitas atmosfer.
just one or two percent more sunlight
lebih dari 1 atau 2 persen sinar matahari
or more of warming.
sekitar 2°C atau lebih.
not a scientist.
eksekutif teknologi, bukan ilmuwan.
concerned about climate,
karena peduli tentang iklim,
potential countermeasures to warming.
pemanasan bumi dengan para ilmuwan.
into collaborations
menjadi kolaborasi,
Cloud Brightening Project,
Awan Laut
sebentar lagi,
SilverLining, where I am today.
tempat saya bekerja, SilverLining.
para politisi, peneliti,
atmospheric scientist John Latham,
ilmuwan atmosfer Inggris, John Latham,
the way that the ships do,
iklim seperti yang dilakukan kapal,
of susceptible clouds over the ocean.
ke area awan yang rentan di atas lautan.
by the name I gave it then,
dengan nama yang saya berikan,
that by deploying marine cloud brightening
penyebaran pencerahan awan laut
of susceptible ocean clouds,
pada awan lautan yang rentan,
as much as two degrees Celsius's warming.
sampai 2°C.
to brighten clouds in local regions
mencerahkan awan di wilayah setempat
by warming ocean surface temperatures.
pemanasan suhu permukaan laut.
such as the Gulf Atlantic
Gulf Atlantic
before a hurricane season
sebelum musim badai
flowing onto coral reefs
air yang mengaliri terumbu karang,
is not the only way
bukan satu-satunya jalan
of the sunlight from the atmosphere.
matahari dari atmosfer.
release material with enough force
material dengan dorongan yang kuat
of the atmosphere, the stratosphere.
atmosfer, yaitu stratosfer.
into the stratosphere,
ke stratosfer
with the atmosphere to reflect sunlight.
atmosfer untuk memantulkan sinar matahari.
and circulated around the planet.
mengelilingi planet.
by over half a degree Celsius
mendinginkan iklim lebih dari 0,5°C
in Arctic ice cover in 1992,
lapisan es Arktik di tahun 1992,
as the particles fell back to earth.
karena partikel kembali jatuh ke bumi.
led Nobel Prize winner Paul Crutzen
membuat pemenang Nobel, Paul Crutzen,
particles into the stratosphere
penyebaran partikel yang terkendali
a way to counter global warming.
mengatasi pemanasan global.
that we don't understand,
belum kita pahami,
heating up the stratosphere
safe approaches to this,
for Atmospheric Research
Nasional Amerika
earth surface temperatures through 2100.
suhu permukaan bumi sampai tahun 2100.
our current trajectory,
menggambarkan kondisi dunia saat ini,
are introduced into the stratosphere
saat partikel dilepas ke stratosfer
near those of today,
hampir sama dengan suhu pada saat ini.
well over three degrees.
lebih dari 3°C.
between a safe and an unsafe world.
dunia yang aman dan dunia yang tidak aman.
that this could be close to reality,
untuk merealisasikan intervensi tersebut,
we should consider seriously?
is extremely limited.
sangat terbatas.
of interventions are even feasible,
jenis intervensi yang layak dilakukan,
some basic questions
mengembangkan pertanyaan dasar
whether or not these might be real options
perlu tidaknya opsi ini dilakukan
of studying the climate system,
untuk mempelajari sistem iklim,
to forecast changes,
memprakirakan perubahan,
kontroversial,
develop core technologies
mengembangkan teknologi inti
real-world experiments.
kelas dunia skala kecil.
proposing experiments like this.
mengusulkan eksperimen seperti ini.
would release very small amounts
melepas sejumlah kecil sulfat,
into the stratosphere with a balloon,
ke stratosfer menggunakan balon,
dan fisikanya.
in one minute of flight
yang dilepas dalam 1 menit
a fine mist of salt water into clouds
menyemprot kabut halus air garam ke awan
this would culminate in experiments
akan berujung pada eksperimen
an area of clouds over the ocean.
area awan di atas lautan.
is the first to develop any technology
pertama pengembangan teknologi
sunlight reflection in this way.
sinar matahari atmosferik seperti ini.
very tiny particles --
yang sangat kecil --
out of an asthma inhaler --
oleh inhaler asma --
of looking up at a cloud.
seperti awan.
particles per second,
partikel per detik,
of retired engineers in Silicon Valley --
pensiunan insinyur di Silicon Valley.
without pay, for their grandchildren.
purna waktu selama 6 tahun, tanpa bayaran.
and another year or two
dollar dan 1 sampai 2 tahun
they need to do these experiments.
penyemprotan yang dibutuhkan.
research efforts are emerging,
penelitian mulai bermunculan,
at Beijing Normal University in China,
di Universitas Normal Beijing, Tiongkok.
at Cambridge University in the UK
oleh Universitas Cambridge di Inggris
in global South countries
di negara-negara selatan
of these sunlight interventions
potensial intervensi sinar matahari
including the experimental ones,
termasuk eksperimen ini,
these interventions is a hard problem.
adalah hal yang sulit.
dan kompleks,
in climate models, observations
untuk model iklim, observasi
much better than we can today
iklim yang lebih baik dari sekarang
and any intentional interventions.
tanpa disengaja maupun disengaja.
predict that in the next few decades,
bahwa dalam beberapa dasawarsa ke depan,
for hundreds of millions of people.
ratusan juta umat manusia.
where warming takes over
titik kritis ketika terjadi pemanasan bumi
in natural systems.
dengan sistem alami.
on Climate Change predicts
Perubahan Iklim meramalkan
and even reverse emissions by 2050.
bahkan mengubah arah emisi pada tahun 2050
transform major economic sectors,
ekonomi utama secara cepat dan radikal,
agriculture, transportation and others.
pertanian,transportasi dan lain-lain.
as fast as we can.
sesegera mungkin.
we also have to remove
kita harus menghapus
from the atmosphere,
jumlah yang masif,
all of the world's annual emissions,
tahunan dunia,
to a fast-moving problem.
lambat untuk masalah yang bergerak cepat.
in the next 10 to 30 years
dalam 10 sampai 30 tahun
provide fast-acting medicine if we need it
menyediakan obat yang bekerja cepat
while we address its underlying causes?
demam bumi sambil mencari penyebabnya?
that even researching these interventions
penelitian intervensi ini
to reduce emissions.
upaya pengurangan emisi.
the more that you do,
ketika Anda semakin terlibat.
tends to draw out the fact
menunjukkan fakta
positively cannot continue
with greenhouse gases,
as little as possible.
seminim mungkin.
about these interventions
intervensi semacam ini
about when and how to intervene?
waktu dan cara intervensi dilakukan?
is that as climate impacts worsen,
adalah dampak iklim kian memburuk,
by any means available.
akan dipanggil untuk memberikan respons.
without real information
tanpa informasi yang jelas
a decade of research
waktu 1 dasawarsa penelitian
to develop or use them.
digunakan.
in these interventions
untuk intervensi tersebut
to have real information
kebijakan mendapat informasi yang jelas
these kinds of problems before.
masalah seperti ini.
an existential threat
ancaman eksistensi
politicians and industry
dan industri
the chemicals causing the problem.
mengganti bahan kimia berbahaya.
legally binding environmental agreement
satu-satunya perjanjian hukum lingkungan
of the ozone layer
lapisan ozon
environmental protection effort
perlindungan alam yang paling berhasil
lebih besar sekarang,
to develop and agree on solutions
mengembangkan dan menyetujui solusi
kita akan memantulkan
and remove CO2.
menghilangkan CO2.
for this kind of emergency medicine.
tentang obat darurat penurun demam iklim.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kelly Wanser - Climate innovation activistKelly Wanser helps study and invent global-scale technological interventions that could save humanity from the worst effects of climate change.
Why you should listen
Kelly Wanser is founder and executive director of SilverLining, a nonprofit organization driving policy and innovation to ensure a safe climate within a decade. SilverLining focuses on near-term climate risk and advancing our understanding of fast-acting climate interventions (sometimes called "geoengineering") that might alleviate the most severe impacts.
Wanser is cofounder and advisor to the University of Washington Marine Cloud Brightening Project, an effort to understand one possible form of climate intervention: the cooling effects of particles on clouds. Wanser also serves on the board of BioCarbon Engineering -- a company using data and automation (including drone technology) to restore native ecosystems -- and on the President's Circle of the US National Academy of Sciences.
Kelly Wanser | Speaker | TED.com