TED2010
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy: Inside a school for suicide bombers
Šarmin Obejd Ćinoi: Unutar škole za bombaše samoubice
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Rediteljka Šarmin Obejd Ćinoi (Sharmeen Obaid Chinoy) postavlja zastrašujuće pitanje: Kako Talibani ubede decu da postanu bombaši samoubice? Sa svojom kamerom, ona je posetila jedan kamp za obuku. Šokantno saznanje.
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy - Filmmaker
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy makes documentary films. She's the founder of the Citizens Archive of Pakistan, dedicated to preserving Pakistan's history. Full bio
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy makes documentary films. She's the founder of the Citizens Archive of Pakistan, dedicated to preserving Pakistan's history. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
Today, I want you to look at
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Želim da pogledate
00:18
children who become suicide bombers
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decu koja postaju bombaši samoubice
00:21
through a completely different lens.
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kroz potpuno drugačiji objektiv.
00:23
In 2009, there were 500
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Tokom 2009. bilo je 500
00:26
bomb blasts across Pakistan.
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eksplozija bombi širom Pakistana.
00:28
I spent the year working
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Provela sam godinu dana radeći
00:30
with children
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sa decom
00:32
who were training to become suicide bombers
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koja su bila obučavana da postanu bombaši samoubice
00:34
and with Taliban recruiters,
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a i sa Talibanima regruterima,
00:36
trying to understand how the Taliban
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pokušavajući da razumem kako Talibani
00:38
were converting these children
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pretvaraju ovu decu
00:40
into live ammunition
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u živu municiju
00:42
and why these children were actively
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i zašto se ova deca aktivno
00:44
signing up to their cause.
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prijavljuju za njihovu misiju.
00:46
I want you to watch a short video
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Želim da pogledate kratak video
00:48
from my latest documentary film, "Children of the Taliban."
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iz mog poslednjeg dokumentarca, "Deca Talibana."
00:54
(Singing)
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(pesma)
00:58
The Taliban now run their own schools.
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Talibani sada vode svoje škole.
01:03
They target poor families
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Oni ciljaju siromašne porodice
01:05
and convince the parents to send their children.
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i ubeđuju roditelje da pošalju svoju decu.
01:08
In return, they provide free food and shelter
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Zauzvrat, oni obezbede besplatnu hranu i smeštaj
01:11
and sometimes pay the families a monthly stipend.
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i ponekad daju porodici mesečnu stipendiju.
01:16
We've obtained a propaganda video
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Došli smo do propagandnog videa
01:18
made by the Taliban.
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koji su Talibani napravili.
01:21
Young boys are taught justifications
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Mladi dečaci uče da opravdavaju
01:24
for suicide attacks
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samoubilačke napade
01:26
and the execution of spies.
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i pogubljenje špijuna.
01:30
I made contact with a child from Swat
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Uspostavila sam kontakt sa detetom iz Svata
01:32
who studied in a madrassa like this.
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koji je učio u školi poput ove.
01:36
Hazrat Ali is from a
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Hazrat Ali dolazi
01:38
poor farming family in Swat.
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iz siromašne seoske porodice u Svatu.
01:40
He joined the Taliban a year ago
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Pridružio se Talibanima pre godinu dana,
01:42
when he was 13.
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kada je imao 13 godina.
01:46
How do the Taliban in your area get people to join them?
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Kako Talibani u tvom području ubede ljude da im se pridruže?
01:51
Hazrat Ali: They first call us to the mosque and preach to us.
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Hazrat Ali: Prvo nas pozovu u džamiju i propovedaju nam.
01:55
Then they take us to a madrassa
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Onda nas odvedu u školu
01:58
and teach us things from the Koran.
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i uče nas stvarima iz Kurana.
02:01
Sharmeen Obaid Chinoy: He tells me that children
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Šarmin Obejd Ćinoi: On kaže da deca
02:03
are then given months of military training.
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onda prolaze kroz višemesečnu vojnu obuku.
02:06
HA: They teach us to use machine guns, Kalashnikov,
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HA: Uče nas kako da koristimo mašinke, Kalašnjikov,
02:11
rocket launchers, grenades, bombs.
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raketne bacače, granate, bombe.
02:14
They ask us to use them only against the infidels.
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Traže od nas da ih upotrebimo samo protiv nevernika.
02:20
Then they teach us to do a suicide attack.
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Onda nas uče kako da izvršimo samoubilački napad.
02:24
SOC: Would you like to carry out a suicide attack?
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ŠOĆ: Da li bi ti voleo da izvršiš samoubilački napad?
02:26
HA: If God gives me strength.
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HA: Ako mi Bog da snage.
02:32
SOC: I, in my research,
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ŠOĆ: U mom istraživanju,
02:34
have seen that the Taliban have perfected
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videla sam da su Talibani usavršili
02:36
the way in which they recruit
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način na koji regrutuju
02:38
and train children,
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i obučavaju decu.
02:40
and I think it's a five-step process.
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I mislim da je to proces od pet koraka.
02:43
Step one is that the Taliban prey
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U prvom koraku Talibani ciljaju
02:45
on families that are large, that are poor,
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velike siromašne porodice,
02:48
that live in rural areas.
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koje žive u ruralnim područjima.
02:50
They separate the parents from the children
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Odvajaju roditelje od dece
02:52
by promising to provide food, clothing,
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obećavajući da će obezbediti hranu, odeću,
02:54
shelter to these children.
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smeštaj toj deci.
02:56
Then they ship them off, hundreds of miles away
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Onda ih odvode, stotinama kilometara daleko,
02:59
to hard-line schools
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u stroge škole
03:01
that run along the Taliban agenda.
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koje rade po dnevnom redu Talibana.
03:03
Step two:
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Drugi korak:
03:05
They teach the children the Koran, which is Islam's holiest book,
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Uče decu Kuran, što je najsvetija islamska knjiga,
03:08
in Arabic, a language these children do not understand
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na arapskom, jezik koji ova deca ne razumeju
03:11
and cannot speak.
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i ne govore.
03:13
They rely very heavily on teachers,
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Oni se vrlo čvrsto oslanjaju na učitelje
03:16
who I have personally seen
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koje sam lično videla
03:18
distort the message to these children
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da izvrću poruku ovoj deci
03:20
as and when it suits their purpose to.
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kada i kako to odgovara njihovoj svrsi.
03:23
These children are explicitly forbidden
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Ovoj deci je izričito zabranjeno
03:25
from reading newspapers, listening to radio,
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da čitaju novine, slušaju radio,
03:28
reading any books
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čitaju bilo koju knjigu
03:30
that the teachers do not prescribe them.
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koja nije propisana od strane učitelja.
03:32
If any child is found violating these rules,
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Ako je bilo koje dete uhvaćeno da krši ova pravila,
03:35
he is severely reprimanded.
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strogo je prekoreno.
03:38
Effectively, the Taliban create
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Talibani efikasno stvaraju
03:40
a complete blackout
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potpunu blokadu
03:42
of any other source of information for these children.
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bilo kog drugog izvora informacija za ovu decu.
03:45
Step three: The Taliban want these children
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Treći korak: Talibani žele da ova deca
03:48
to hate the world that they currently live in.
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mrze svet u kojem trenutno žive.
03:51
So they beat these children --
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I zato tuku ovu decu.
03:53
I have seen it;
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Videla sam.
03:55
they feed them twice a day dried bread and water;
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Hrane ih dvaput dnevno suvim hlebom i vodom.
03:58
they rarely allow them to play games;
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Retko im dozvoljavaju da igraju igre.
04:01
they tell them that, for eight hours at a time,
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Kažu im da, osam sati u nizu,
04:03
all they have to do is read the Koran.
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sve što treba da rade je da čitaju Kuran.
04:06
The children are virtual prisoners;
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Deca su virtuelni zatvorenici.
04:08
they cannot leave, they cannot go home.
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Ne mogu da odu; ne mogu da idu kući.
04:11
Their parents are so poor,
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Njihovi roditelji su toliko siromašni,
04:13
they have no resources to get them back.
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nemaju načina da ih vrate.
04:15
Step four: The older members of the Taliban,
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Četvrti korak: Stariji pripadnici Talibana,
04:18
the fighters,
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borci,
04:20
start talking to the younger boys
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govore mladim momcima
04:22
about the glories of martyrdom.
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o slavi mučeništva.
04:24
They talk to them about how when they die,
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Govore im o tome kako će, kada umru,
04:27
they will be received up
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biti primljeni gore
04:30
with lakes of honey and milk,
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sa jezerima meda i mleka,
04:32
how there will be 72 virgins
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kako će ih čekati
04:34
waiting for them in paradise,
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72 device u raju,
04:36
how there will be unlimited food,
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kako će biti neograničene hrane
04:39
and how this glory
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i kako će ova slava
04:41
is going to propel them to become
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učiniti da postanu
04:43
heroes in their neighborhoods.
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heroji u svom kraju.
04:46
Effectively, this is the brainwashing process
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Efektno, počeo je proces
04:49
that has begun.
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ispiranja mozga.
04:51
Step five: I believe the Taliban have
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Peti korak. Verujem da Talibani imaju
04:53
one of the most effective
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jedno od najefikasnijih
04:55
means of propaganda.
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sredstava propagande.
04:58
Their videos that they use
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Snimci koje koriste
05:00
are intercut with photographs
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su ispresecani fotografijama
05:03
of men and women and children
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muškaraca i žena i dece
05:05
dying in Iraq and Afghanistan
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koji umiru u Iraku i Avganistanu
05:07
and in Pakistan.
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i Pakistanu.
05:09
And the basic message is that the Western powers
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I osnovna poruka je da zapadne snage
05:11
do not care about civilian deaths,
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ne mare za smrt civila,
05:13
so those people who live
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i oni koji žive
05:15
in areas and support governments
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na području i podržavaju vlade
05:17
that work with Western powers are fair game.
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koje rade sa zapadnim silama su mete.
05:20
That's why Pakistani civilians,
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Zato su pakistanski civili,
05:22
over 6,000 of whom have been killed in the last two years alone,
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preko 6000 onih koji su ubijeni u poslednje dve godine,
05:25
are fair game.
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fer žrtve.
05:27
Now these children are primed
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Ova deca su pripremljena
05:29
to become suicide bombers.
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da postanu bombaši samoubice.
05:31
They're ready to go out and fight
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Spremna su da izađu i da se bore
05:33
because they've been told that this is
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jer im je rečeno da je to
05:35
effectively their only way
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njihov jedini način
05:37
to glorify Islam.
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da slave Islam.
05:39
I want you to watch another excerpt from the film.
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Želim da pogledate još jedan odlomak iz filma.
05:45
This boy is called Zenola.
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Dečak se zove Zenola.
05:47
He blew himself up, killing six.
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Razneo se, ubivši šestoro.
05:52
This boy is called Sadik.
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Ovaj dečak se zove Sadik.
05:54
He killed 22.
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Ubio je 22.
05:59
This boy is called Messoud.
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Ovaj dečak se zove Mesud.
06:02
He killed 28.
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Ubio je 28.
06:07
The Taliban are running suicide schools,
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Talibani vode samoubilačke škole,
06:10
preparing a generation of boys
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pripremaju generaciju dečaka
06:12
for atrocities against civilians.
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za zločine protiv civilnog stanovništva.
06:16
Do you want to carry out a suicide attack?
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Da li želiš da izvršiš samoubilački napad?
06:19
Boy: I would love to.
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Dečak: Voleo bih.
06:22
But only if I get permission from my dad.
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Ali samo ako dobijem dozvolu od svog tate.
06:27
When I look at suicide bombers younger than me, or my age,
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Kada pogledam bombaše samoubice mlađe od mene, ili mojih godina,
06:34
I get so inspired by their terrific attacks.
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inspirišu me njihovi sjajni napadi.
06:38
SOC: What blessing would you get
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ŠOĆ: Kakav ćeš blagoslov dobiti
06:40
from carrying out a suicide attack?
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izvođenjem samoubilačkog napada?
06:43
Boy: On the day of judgment, God will ask me,
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Dečak: Na sudnji dan, Bog će me upitati,
06:46
"Why did you do that?"
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"Zašto si to uradio?"
06:51
I will answer, "My Lord! Only to make you happy!
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I ja ću odgovoriti, "Moj gospode! Samo da tebe usrećim!"
06:57
I have laid down my life fighting the infidels."
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Posvetio sam svoj život borbi protiv nevernika."
07:04
Then God will look at my intention.
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Onda će Bog pogledati moju nameru.
07:11
If my intention was to eradicate evil for Islam,
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Ako je moja namera bila da iskorenim zlo iz Islama,
07:19
then I will be rewarded with paradise.
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biću nagrađen rajem.
07:25
Singer: ♫ On the day of judgment ♫
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Pesma: ♫ Na sudnji dan ♫
07:29
♫ My God will call me ♫
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♫ Moj Bog će me pozvati ♫
07:31
♫ My body will be put back together ♫
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♫ Moje telo će se ponovo sastaviti ♫
07:35
♫ And God will ask me why I did this ♫
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♫ Bog će me upitati zašto sam učinio ovo ♫
07:40
SOC: I leave you all with this thought:
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ŠOĆ: Ostaviću vas sa ovom mišlju.
07:43
If you grew up in these circumstances,
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Da odrastate u ovim uslovima
07:46
faced with these choices,
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suočeni sa ovim izborima,
07:48
would you choose to live in this world
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da li biste izabrali da živite u ovom svetu
07:51
or in the glorious afterlife?
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ili u veličanstvenom zagrobnom životu?
07:53
As one Taliban recruiter told me,
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Kao što je jedan Taliban regruter rekao,
07:56
"There will always be sacrificial lambs in this war."
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"Uvek će biti žrtvenih jaganjaca u ovom ratu."
07:59
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
08:01
(Applause)
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(aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy - FilmmakerSharmeen Obaid-Chinoy makes documentary films. She's the founder of the Citizens Archive of Pakistan, dedicated to preserving Pakistan's history.
Why you should listen
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy is a film producer and journalist who has worked on 14 films for major networks in the United States and Britain. Her films include Children of the Taliban (with Dan Edge), The Lost Generation (about Iraqi exiles) and Afghanistan Unveiled. Her work has taken her around the world, where she has filmed and worked with refugees, women’s advocacy groups and human rights defenders. By bringing their voices to the outside world, she has often helped them bring about a critical change in their community.
Obaid-Chinoy helped found the Citizens Archive of Pakistan, a nonprofit, volunteer organization that fosters and promotes community-wide interest in the culture and history of Pakistan. Citizens Archive works with thousands of children, teaching critical thinking skills and instilling a sense of pride about their history and identity.
Obaid-Chinoy is a TED2010 Fellow.
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy | Speaker | TED.com