TED2010
John Kasaona: How poachers became caretakers
Džon Kasaona: Od lovokradica do čuvara
Filmed:
Readability: 4
398,113 views
U svojoj rodnoj Namibiji, Džon Kasaona (John Kasaona) je smislio inovativni način da zaštiti ugrožene životinjske vrste: dajući obližnjim seljanima (uključujući nekadašnje lovokradice) odgovornost za životinje. I to funkcioniše.
John Kasaona - Conservationist
John Kasaona is a pioneer of community-based conservation -- working with the people who use and live on fragile land to enlist them in protecting it. Full bio
John Kasaona is a pioneer of community-based conservation -- working with the people who use and live on fragile land to enlist them in protecting it. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
In Africa we say,
0
1000
2000
U Africi kažemo,
00:18
"God gave the white man a watch
1
3000
3000
"Bog je belom čoveku dao sat,
00:21
and gave the black man time."
2
6000
2000
a crnom čoveku vreme."
00:23
(Laughter)
3
8000
3000
(smeh)
00:27
I think, how is it possible
4
12000
2000
Mislim, kako je moguće
00:29
for a man with so much time
5
14000
2000
da čovek sa toliko vremena
00:31
to tell his story in 18 minutes?
6
16000
2000
ispriča svoju priču u 18 minuta.
00:33
I think it will be quite a challenge for me.
7
18000
3000
Mislim da će mi to biti priličan izazov.
00:36
Most African stories these days,
8
21000
2000
Većina afričkih priča ovih dana
00:38
they talk about famine,
9
23000
2000
govori o gladi,
00:40
HIV and AIDS,
10
25000
2000
HIV-u i SIDI,
00:42
poverty or war.
11
27000
3000
siromaštvu ili ratu.
00:45
But my story that I would like to share with you today
12
30000
2000
Ali priča koju ja želim da podelim sa vama danas
00:47
is the one about success.
13
32000
3000
je o uspehu.
00:50
It is about a country
14
35000
2000
To je priča o zemlji
00:52
in the southwest of Africa
15
37000
3000
u jugozapadnoj Africi,
00:55
called Namibia.
16
40000
2000
koja se zove Namibija.
00:57
Namibia has got 2.1 million people,
17
42000
3000
Namibija ima 2.1 miliona stanovnika,
01:01
but it is only twice the size of California.
18
46000
3000
ali je samo duplo veća od Kalifornije.
01:05
I come from a region
19
50000
2000
Ja potičem iz regiona
01:07
in the remote northwest part of the country.
20
52000
3000
u udaljenom severozapadnom delu zemlje.
01:10
It's called Kunene region.
21
55000
2000
Zove se Kunene regija.
01:12
And in the center of Kunene region
22
57000
2000
A u središtu Kunene regije
01:14
is the village of Sesfontein. This is where I was born.
23
59000
3000
nalazi se selo Sesfontejn. Tamo sam rođen.
01:17
This is where I'm coming from.
24
62000
2000
Odavde potičem.
01:19
Most people that are following the story
25
64000
2000
Većina ljudi koja prati priču
01:21
of Angelina Jolie
26
66000
2000
o Anđelini Žoli
01:23
and Brad Pitt
27
68000
2000
i Bredu Pitu
01:25
will know where Namibia is.
28
70000
3000
znaće gde je Namibija.
01:28
They love Namibia
29
73000
2000
Oni vole Namibiju
01:30
for its beautiful dunes,
30
75000
2000
zbog njenih divnih dina
01:32
that are even taller
31
77000
2000
koje su više čak
01:34
than the Empire State Building.
32
79000
3000
i od Empajer stejt bildinga.
01:38
Wind and time have twisted our landscape
33
83000
3000
Vetar i vreme su oblikovali naše predele
01:42
into very strange shapes,
34
87000
3000
u veoma čudne oblike.
01:45
and these shapes are speckled with wildlife
35
90000
3000
A ti oblici su puni divljeg života
01:48
that has become so adapted
36
93000
2000
koji je uspeo da se prilagodi
01:50
to this harsh and strange land.
37
95000
3000
ovoj surovoj i čudnoj zemlji.
01:53
I'm a Himba.
38
98000
2000
Ja sam Himba.
01:55
You might wonder, why are you wearing these Western clothes?
39
100000
3000
Možda se pitate, zašto nosiš ovo zapadnjačko odelo?
01:59
I'm a Himba and Namibian.
40
104000
2000
Ja sam Himba i Namibijac.
02:01
A Himba is one of the 29
41
106000
2000
Himba je jedna od 29
02:03
ethnic groups in Namibia.
42
108000
2000
etničkih grupa u Namibiji.
02:05
We live a very traditional lifestyle.
43
110000
3000
Mi živimo veoma tradicionalnim načinom života.
02:09
I grew up herding,
44
114000
2000
Odrastao sam kao pastir,
02:11
looking after our livestock --
45
116000
2000
čuvajući našu stoku -
02:13
goats, sheep and cattle.
46
118000
3000
koze, ovce i krave.
02:16
And one day,
47
121000
3000
I jednog dana,
02:19
my father actually took me into the bush.
48
124000
2000
otac me je odveo u divljinu.
02:21
He said, "John,
49
126000
2000
Rekao je, "Džon,
02:23
I want you to become a good herder.
50
128000
3000
želim da postaneš dobar pastir.
02:26
Boy, if you are looking after our livestock
51
131000
3000
Dečače, ako čuvajući stoku
02:29
and you see a cheetah
52
134000
2000
vidiš čitu
02:31
eating our goat --
53
136000
2000
kako jede kozu,
02:33
cheetah is very nervous --
54
138000
2000
čita je veoma nervozna.
02:35
just walk up to it.
55
140000
2000
Priđi joj.
02:37
Walk up to it and smack it on the backside."
56
142000
3000
Priđi joj i odalami je po leđima."
02:40
(Laughter)
57
145000
2000
(smeh)
02:42
"And he will let go of the goat
58
147000
2000
"I ona će pustiti kozu
02:44
and run off."
59
149000
2000
i otrčaće."
02:46
But then he said,
60
151000
2000
Ali onda je rekao,
02:49
"Boy, if you run into a lion,
61
154000
3000
"Dečko, ako naiđeš na lava,
02:54
don't move.
62
159000
2000
ne pomeraj se.
02:56
Don't move. Stand your ground.
63
161000
3000
Ne mrdaj. Zaustavi se u mestu.
02:59
Puff up and just look it in the eye
64
164000
3000
Udahni i samo ga pogledaj u oči
03:02
and it may not want to fight you."
65
167000
3000
i možda neće hteti da se bori s tobom."
03:05
(Laughter)
66
170000
4000
(smeh)
03:09
But then, he said,
67
174000
2000
Ali onda je rekao,
03:11
"If you see a leopard,
68
176000
3000
"Ako vidiš leoparda,
03:16
boy, you better run like hell."
69
181000
3000
dečko, bolje trči koliko te noge nose."
03:19
(Laughter)
70
184000
4000
(smeh)
03:23
"Imagine you run faster than those goats you are looking after."
71
188000
3000
"Zamisli da trčiš brže od onih koza koje čuvaš."
03:26
In this way --
72
191000
2000
Tako -
03:28
(Laughter)
73
193000
3000
(smeh)
03:31
In this way, I actually started to learn about nature.
74
196000
3000
Na taj način sam počeo da učim o prirodi.
03:35
In addition to being an ordinary Namibian
75
200000
3000
Znate, pored toga što sam običan Namibijac
03:38
and in addition to being a Himba
76
203000
2000
i pored toga što sam Himba,
03:40
I'm also a trained conservationist.
77
205000
3000
ja sam obrazovani zaštitinik životne sredine.
03:43
And it is very important if you are in the field
78
208000
3000
Kad ste u polju, veoma je važno
03:46
to know what to confront
79
211000
2000
znati sa čim se suočiti
03:48
and what to run from.
80
213000
3000
a od čega bežati.
03:51
I was born in 1971.
81
216000
2000
Rođen sam 1971.
03:53
We lived under apartheid regime.
82
218000
3000
Živeli smo pod aparthejdom.
03:57
The whites could farm, graze
83
222000
3000
Belci su mogli da gaje, napasaju
04:00
and hunt as they wished,
84
225000
2000
i love koliko god su hteli,
04:02
but we black, we were not regarded as responsible
85
227000
3000
ali nas crnce nisu smatrali odgovornim
04:05
to use wildlife.
86
230000
2000
da koristimo divljač.
04:07
Whenever we tried to hunt,
87
232000
2000
Kad god smo pokušali da lovimo
04:09
we were called poachers.
88
234000
2000
nazivali su nas lovokradicama.
04:11
And as a result, we were fined and locked up in jail.
89
236000
3000
Kao rezultat toga, kaznili su nas i poslali u zatvor.
04:16
Between 1966 and 1990,
90
241000
3000
Između 1966. i 1990.
04:19
the U.S. and Soviet interests
91
244000
3000
američke i sovjetske snage
04:22
fought for control over my country.
92
247000
3000
su se borile za kontrolu nad mojom zemljom.
04:25
And you know, during war time,
93
250000
2000
I znate, tokom rata
04:27
there are militaries, armies, that are moving around.
94
252000
3000
ima vojske svuda.
04:30
And the army hunted for valuable rhino horns
95
255000
3000
A vojnici su lovili nosoroge zobg
04:33
and tusks.
96
258000
2000
vrednih rogova i kljova.
04:35
They could sell these things for anything between
97
260000
3000
I mogli su ih prodati za
04:38
$5,000 a kilo.
98
263000
2000
čak 5000 dolara za kilogram.
04:40
During the same year
99
265000
2000
Tokom iste godine
04:42
almost every Himba had a rifle.
100
267000
3000
skoro svaki Himba imao je pušku.
04:45
Because it was wartime,
101
270000
2000
Zbog rata,
04:47
the British .303 rifle
102
272000
2000
britanska .303 puška
04:49
was just all over the whole country.
103
274000
3000
bila je svuda u zemlji.
04:53
Then in the same time, around 1980,
104
278000
2000
Onda, u isto vreme, oko 1980.
04:55
we had a very big drought.
105
280000
3000
imali smo ogromnu sušu.
04:58
It killed almost everything that was left.
106
283000
3000
Ubila je skoro sve što je ostalo.
05:01
Our livestock was
107
286000
2000
Naša stoka je bila
05:03
almost at the brink of extinction,
108
288000
2000
na ivici izumiranja,
05:05
protected as well.
109
290000
2000
čak i ona zaštićena.
05:07
We were hungry.
110
292000
2000
Bili smo gladni.
05:09
I remember a night
111
294000
2000
Sećam se jedne noći
05:11
when a hungry leopard
112
296000
2000
kada je gladni leopard
05:13
went into the house
113
298000
2000
ušao u kuću
05:15
of one of our neighbors
114
300000
2000
jednog od naših komšija
05:17
and took a sleeping child out of the bed.
115
302000
2000
i uzeo njegovo usnulo dete iz kreveta.
05:19
It's a very sad story.
116
304000
3000
Veoma tužna priča.
05:22
But even today,
117
307000
2000
Ali čak i danas
05:24
that memory is still in people's minds.
118
309000
2000
ljudi se toga sećaju.
05:26
They can pinpoint the exact location
119
311000
2000
Mogu tačno da pokažu
05:28
where this all happened.
120
313000
3000
mesto gde se sve to desilo.
05:31
And then, in the same year,
121
316000
2000
I onda, u istoj godini,
05:33
we almost lost everything.
122
318000
3000
skoro sve smo izgubili.
05:36
And my father said, "Why don't you just go to school?"
123
321000
4000
Moj otac je rekao, "Zašto jednostavno ne bi išao u školu?"
05:40
And they sent me off to school, just to get busy somewhere there.
124
325000
3000
I poslali su me u školu, samo da budem zauzet negde.
05:43
And the year I went to school,
125
328000
2000
Te godine kad sam krenuo u školu,
05:45
my father actually got a job with a non-governmental organization
126
330000
3000
moj otac je dobio posao u nevladinoj organizaciji
05:48
called IRDNC, Integrated Rural Development and Nature Conservation.
127
333000
4000
koja se zove IRDNC (IRRPO) - Integrisani ruralni razvoj i prirodno očuvanje.
05:52
They actually spend a lot of time a year in the communities.
128
337000
4000
Oni zapravo mnogo vremena tokom godine provode u zajednicama.
05:56
They were trusted by the local communities
129
341000
3000
Lokalne zajednice su imale poverenja u njih,
05:59
like our leader, Joshua Kangombe.
130
344000
3000
kao i naš vođa, Džošua Kangombe.
06:02
Joshua Kangombe saw what was happening:
131
347000
2000
Džošua Kangombe je video šta se dešava:
06:04
wildlife disappearing,
132
349000
2000
divlje životinje nestaju,
06:06
poaching was skyrocketing,
133
351000
3000
krivolov je vrtoglavo rastao,
06:09
and the situation seemed very hopeless.
134
354000
3000
i situacija je delovala veoma beznadežno.
06:12
Death and despair surrounded Joshua
135
357000
3000
Smrt i očaj su okružili Džošuu
06:15
and our entire communities.
136
360000
3000
i čitave naše zajednice.
06:18
But then, the people from IRDNC proposed to Joshua:
137
363000
5000
Ali onda su ljudi iz IRDNC-a predložili Džošui:
06:23
What if we pay people that you trust
138
368000
4000
Kako bi bilo da platimo ljudima kojima verujete
06:27
to look after wildlife?
139
372000
3000
da brinu o divljini?
06:30
Do you have anybody in your communities, or people,
140
375000
3000
Da li imate nekoga u vašim zajednicama, ili u narodu,
06:33
that know the bush very well
141
378000
2000
ko dobro poznaje divljinu
06:35
and that know wildlife very well?
142
380000
3000
i dobro poznaje divlje životinje?
06:38
The headman said: "Yes. Our poachers."
143
383000
4000
Glavešina je rekao "Da. Naše lovokradice."
06:42
"Eh? The poachers?"
144
387000
2000
"A? Lovokradice?"
06:44
"Yes. Our poachers."
145
389000
2000
"Da. Naše lovokradice."
06:46
And that was my father.
146
391000
3000
I to je bio moj otac.
06:49
My father has been a poacher for quite a long time.
147
394000
4000
Moj otac je dugo vremena bio lovokradica.
06:53
Instead of shooting poachers dead
148
398000
3000
Umesto da se postaraju za dugove lovokradica,
06:56
like they were doing elsewhere in Africa,
149
401000
3000
kao što su radili drugde u Africi,
06:59
IRDNC has helped men reclaim their abilities
150
404000
5000
IRDNC je pomogao ljudima da ponovo
07:04
to manage their peoples
151
409000
2000
upravljaju svojim narodima
07:06
and their rights to own and manage wildlife.
152
411000
3000
i njihovim pravima da poseduju i upravljaju divljim životinjama.
07:10
And thus, as people started feeling ownership over wildlife,
153
415000
4000
I stoga, kako su ljudi osetili da poseduju divljač,
07:14
wildlife numbers started coming back,
154
419000
3000
njihov broj se povećavao
07:17
and that's actually becoming a foundation for conservation in Namibia.
155
422000
5000
i to je pokrenulo fondaciju za očuvanje u Namibiji.
07:22
With independence, the whole approach of community getting involved
156
427000
3000
Sa nezavisnošću, naša nova vlada je prihvatila
07:25
was embraced by our new government.
157
430000
3000
ideju o tome da zajednica bude uključena.
07:28
Three things that actually help to build on this foundation:
158
433000
3000
Tri stvari koje su zaista pomogle da se gradi ova fondacija:
07:31
The very first one is
159
436000
2000
Prva je
07:33
honoring of tradition and being open to new ideas.
160
438000
4000
poštovanje tradicije i otvorenost za nove ideje.
07:37
Here is our tradition:
161
442000
2000
Evo naše tradicije.
07:39
At every Himba village, there is a sacred fire.
162
444000
3000
U svakom Himba selu postoji jedna sveta vatra.
07:43
And at this sacred fire, the spirit of our ancestors
163
448000
3000
I kroz tu svetu vatru duh naših predaka
07:46
speak through the headman
164
451000
3000
govori kroz vođu
07:49
and advise us where to get water,
165
454000
3000
i savetuje nas gde da nađemo vodu,
07:52
where to get grazings,
166
457000
2000
gde travu za ispašu
07:54
and where to go and hunt.
167
459000
3000
i gde da idemo i lovimo.
07:57
And I think this is the best way of regulating ourselves
168
462000
3000
I mislim da je ovo najbolji način da se upravljamo
08:00
on the environment.
169
465000
3000
u životnoj sredini.
08:03
And here are the new ideas.
170
468000
3000
A evo i novih ideja.
08:06
Transporting rhinos using helicopters
171
471000
3000
Mislim da je transportovanje nosoroga
08:09
I think is much easier
172
474000
2000
helikopterima mnogo lakše
08:11
than talking through a spirit that you can't see, isn't it?
173
476000
3000
nego pričanje preko nekog duha koga ne možete da vidite, zar ne?
08:14
And these things we were taught by outsiders.
174
479000
3000
Ovim stvarima su nas naučili stranci.
08:17
We learned these things from outsiders.
175
482000
3000
Ovo smo naučili od stranaca.
08:20
We needed new boundaries to describe our traditional lands;
176
485000
4000
Bile su nam potrebne nove granice da opišemo našu tradicionalnu zemlju;
08:24
we needed to learn more things like GPS
177
489000
4000
bilo je potrebno da naučimo više stvari kao što je GPS
08:28
just to see whether --
178
493000
3000
samo da bismo videli
08:31
can GPS really reflect the true reflection of the land
179
496000
3000
da li GPS može da pokaže pravi odraz zemlje
08:34
or is this just a thing made somewhere in the West?
180
499000
3000
ili je to samo neka stvar napravljena negde na zapadu?
08:37
And we then wanted to see whether we can match our
181
502000
4000
I onda smo želeli da vidimo da li se poklapaju
08:41
ancestral maps with digital maps made somewhere in the world.
182
506000
4000
mape naših predaka sa digitalnim mapama napravljenim negde u svetu.
08:45
And through this,
183
510000
3000
I kroz ovo
08:48
we actually started realizing our dreams,
184
513000
4000
smo ustvari počeli da ostvarujemo svoje snove
08:52
and we maintained honoring our traditions
185
517000
3000
i nastavili smo da poštujemo tradiciju
08:55
but we were still open to new ideas.
186
520000
2000
ali i dalje smo bili otvoreni za nove ideje.
08:57
The second element is that we wanted to have a life,
187
522000
3000
Drugi element je taj da smo želeli da imamo život,
09:00
a better life where we can benefit through many things.
188
525000
3000
bolji život u kom možemo da imamo koristi kroz mnoge stvari.
09:03
Most poachers, like my father,
189
528000
4000
Mnoge lovokradice, kao moj otac,
09:07
were people from our own community.
190
532000
3000
bile su iz naših zajednica.
09:10
They were not people from outside.
191
535000
2000
Nisu bili ljudi spolja.
09:12
These were our own people.
192
537000
2000
To su bili naši ljudi.
09:14
And sometimes, once they were caught,
193
539000
3000
I ponekad, kad bi bili uhvaćeni,
09:17
they were treated with respect, brought back into the communities
194
542000
3000
tretirani su s poštovanjem, vraćeni u zajednice
09:20
and they were made part of the bigger dreams.
195
545000
3000
i činili su deo većih snova.
09:23
The best one, like my father -- I'm not campaigning for my father --
196
548000
3000
Najbolji, kao moj otac - ne promovišem svog oca -
09:26
(Laughter)
197
551000
2000
(smeh)
09:28
they were put in charge to stop others from poaching.
198
553000
4000
dobili su zaduženje da zaustave druge lovokradice.
09:32
And when this thing started going on,
199
557000
3000
I kada je to počelo da se događa,
09:35
we started becoming one community,
200
560000
3000
počeli smo da postajemo jedna zajednica;
09:38
renewing our connection to nature.
201
563000
2000
znali smo svoju vezu sa prirodom.
09:40
And that was a very strong thing in Namibia.
202
565000
4000
A to je veoma, veoma jaka stvar u Namibiji.
09:46
The last element that actually helped develop these things
203
571000
3000
Poslednji element koji je pomogao da se ovo razvije
09:49
was the partnerships.
204
574000
2000
su partnerstva.
09:51
Our government has given legal status over our traditional lands.
205
576000
5000
Naša vlada je legalizovala našu tradicionalnu teritoriju.
09:56
The other partners that we have got
206
581000
3000
Drugi partneri koje smo dobili
09:59
is business communities.
207
584000
2000
su poslovne zajednice.
10:01
Business communities helped bring Namibia onto the world map
208
586000
5000
Poslovne zajednice su pomogle da se Namibija nađe na svetskoj mapi
10:06
and they have also helped make wildlife
209
591000
3000
i pomogle su da divlja teritorija
10:09
a very valuable land use like any other land uses
210
594000
5000
postane vredna korišćenja, kao bilo koja druga,
10:14
such as agriculture.
211
599000
2000
kao poljoprivredna.
10:16
And most of my conservation colleagues today
212
601000
3000
I mnoge moje kolege zaštitari koje
10:19
that you find in Namibia
213
604000
2000
danas možete naći u Namibiji
10:21
have been trained through the initiative,
214
606000
2000
obučavane su kroz ovu inicijativu,
10:23
through the involvement of World Wildlife Fund
215
608000
3000
kroz uključenje Svetskog fonda za zaštitu divljine,
10:26
in the most up-to-date conservation practices.
216
611000
3000
podučavani najmodernijim znanjima iz zaštite.
10:29
They have also given funding for two decades
217
614000
3000
Takođe već dve decenije finansiraju
10:32
to this whole program.
218
617000
3000
ceo ovaj program.
10:35
And so far, with the support of World Wildlife Fund,
219
620000
3000
I do sada smo, uz pomoć Svetskog fonda za zaštitu životne sredine,
10:38
we've been able to scale up the very small programs
220
623000
3000
uspeli da veoma male programe dovedemo
10:41
to national programs today.
221
626000
2000
do programa na nacionalnom nivou.
10:43
Namibia ... or Sesfontein
222
628000
3000
Namibija... Ili Sesfontejn
10:46
was no more an isolated village somewhere,
223
631000
3000
nije više bilo neko izolovano selo,
10:49
hidden away in Namibia.
224
634000
3000
skriveno u Namibiji.
10:52
With these assets we are now part of the global village.
225
637000
3000
Sa ovim dobitima, mi smo sada deo globalnog sela.
10:55
Thirty years have passed
226
640000
3000
Trideset godina je prošlo
10:58
since my father's first job as a community game guard.
227
643000
4000
od kad je moj otac dobio prvi posao kao čuvar divljači.
11:02
It's very unfortunate that he passed away and he cannot see the success
228
647000
4000
Nažalost, on je preminuo i ne može da vidi uspeh
11:06
as I and my children see it today.
229
651000
3000
kao što ja i moja deca vidimo danas.
11:09
When I finished school in 1995,
230
654000
2000
Kada sam završio školu, 1995.,
11:11
there were only 20 lions in the entire Northwest -- in our area.
231
656000
5000
bilo je samo 20 lavova u celom severozapadu - u našem području.
11:16
But today, there are more than 130 lions.
232
661000
6000
Ali danas, ima ih više od 130.
11:22
(Applause)
233
667000
6000
(aplauz)
11:28
So please, if you go to Namibia,
234
673000
2000
Zato molim vas, ako idete u Namibiju,
11:30
make sure that you stay in the tents.
235
675000
2000
postarajte se da ostanete u šatorima.
11:32
Don't walk out at night!
236
677000
2000
Ne šetajte napolju noću!
11:34
(Laughter)
237
679000
1000
(smeh)
11:35
The black rhino -- they were almost extinct in 1982.
238
680000
5000
Crni nosorog - bili su skoro istrebljeni 1982.
11:40
But today, Kunene has the largest concentration of black rhino --
239
685000
4000
Ali danas, Kunene je najviše naseljen crnim nosorozima -
11:44
free-roaming black rhinos -- in the world.
240
689000
3000
slobodnim crnim nosorozima - na svetu.
11:47
This is outside the protected area.
241
692000
3000
Ovo je izvan zaštićene oblasti.
11:50
(Applause)
242
695000
3000
(aplauz)
11:53
The leopard -- they are now in big numbers
243
698000
4000
Leopard - sad ih ima u velikim brojevima
11:57
but they are now far away from our village,
244
702000
2000
ali sada su udaljeni od našeg sela
11:59
because the natural plain has multiplied,
245
704000
3000
zato što se prirodna ravnica napunila,
12:02
like zebras, springboks and everything.
246
707000
3000
zebrama, antilopama i svime.
12:05
They stay very much far away
247
710000
3000
Oni se drže prilično daleko,
12:08
because this other thing has multiplied
248
713000
2000
jer se ova druga stvar namnožila,
12:10
from less than a thousand to tens of thousands of animals.
249
715000
4000
sa manje od hiljadu na desetine hiljada životinja.
12:14
What started as very small,
250
719000
4000
I ono što je počelo kao veoma malo,
12:18
community rangers getting community involved,
251
723000
3000
šumari koji angažuju zajednicu,
12:21
has now grown into something that we call conservancies.
252
726000
4000
izraslo je u nešto što nazivamo konzervacijama.
12:25
Conservancies are legally instituted institutions
253
730000
6000
Konzervacije su legalne institucije
12:31
by the government,
254
736000
2000
koje je osnovala vlada,
12:33
and these are run by the communities themselves, for their benefit.
255
738000
3000
a vode ih same zajednice, za svoju korist.
12:36
Today, we have got 60 conservancies
256
741000
3000
Danas, imamo 60 konzervacija
12:39
that manage and protect over 13 million hectares
257
744000
4000
koje vode i štite preko 30 miliona hektara
12:43
of land in Namibia.
258
748000
3000
zemlje u Namibiji.
12:46
We have already reshaped conservation in the entire country.
259
751000
5000
Već smo preoblikovali zaštitu u celoj zemlji.
12:51
Nowhere else in the world
260
756000
2000
Nigde drugde u svetu
12:53
has community-adopted conservation at this scale.
261
758000
4000
nisu zajednice toliko uključene u zaštitu.
12:57
(Applause)
262
762000
5000
(aplauz)
13:02
In 2008, conservancy generated 5.7 million dollars.
263
767000
5000
U 2008. godini konzervacije su donele 5.7 miliona dolara.
13:07
This is our new economy --
264
772000
3000
To je naša nova ekonomija -
13:10
an economy based on the respect of our natural resources.
265
775000
3000
ekonomija zasnovana na poštovanju naših prirodnih resursa.
13:13
And we are able to use this money for many things:
266
778000
3000
I u mogućnosti smo da iskoristimo ovaj novac za mnoge stvari.
13:16
Very importantly, we put it in education.
267
781000
3000
Veoma važno, ulažemo ga u naše obrazovanje.
13:19
Secondly, we put it for infrastructure. Food.
268
784000
3000
Drugo, ulažemo ga u infrastrukturu. U hranu.
13:22
Very important as well -- we invest this money in AIDS and HIV education.
269
787000
5000
Takođe veoma bitno - ulažemo taj novac u edukaciju o HIV-u i SIDI.
13:27
You know that Africa is being affected by these viruses.
270
792000
4000
Znate da je Afrika pogođena ovim virusima.
13:31
And this is the good news from Africa
271
796000
4000
A ovo je dobra vest iz Afrike,
13:35
that we have to shout from the rooftops.
272
800000
3000
koju treba da vičemo na sav glas.
13:38
(Applause)
273
803000
7000
(aplauz)
13:45
And now, what the world really needs
274
810000
4000
Sada, ono što je svetu zaista potrebno,
13:49
is for you to help me and our partners
275
814000
7000
je da pomognete meni i mojim partnerima
13:56
take some of what we have learned in Namibia
276
821000
4000
da nešto od onoga što smo naučili u Namibiji
14:00
to other places with similar problems:
277
825000
4000
prenesemo na druga mesta sa sličnim problemima:
14:04
places like Mongolia,
278
829000
4000
na mesta kao što je Mongolija,
14:08
or even in your own backyards,
279
833000
4000
ili čak u vaša sopstvena dvorišta,
14:12
the Northern Great Plains,
280
837000
3000
kao što je Severna velika visoravan,
14:15
where buffalo and other animals have suffered
281
840000
3000
gde bivo i druge životinje pate
14:18
and many communities are in decline.
282
843000
3000
i mnoge zajednice su u opadanju.
14:21
I like that one:
283
846000
3000
To mi se sviđa.
14:24
Namibia serving as a model to Africa,
284
849000
4000
Namibija služi kao model Africi,
14:28
and Africa serving as a model to the United States.
285
853000
5000
a Afrika služi kao model Sjedinjenim Državama.
14:33
(Applause)
286
858000
8000
(aplauz)
14:41
We were successful in Namibia
287
866000
2000
U Namibiji smo uspeli
14:43
because we dreamed of a future
288
868000
3000
jer smo sanjali o budućnosti
14:46
that was much more than just a healthy wildlife.
289
871000
5000
koja je bila mnogo više od samo zdrave divljine.
14:51
We knew conservation would fail
290
876000
4000
Znali smo da će očuvanje propasti
14:55
if it doesn't work to improve the lives of the local communities.
291
880000
7000
ako ne radi na tome da poboljša živote u lokalnim zajednicama.
15:02
So, come and talk to me about Namibia,
292
887000
5000
Dakle, dođite i razgovarajte sa mnom o Namibiji,
15:07
and better yet, come to Namibia
293
892000
3000
ili još bolje, dođite u Namibiju
15:10
and see for yourself how we have done it.
294
895000
2000
i uverite se kako smo uspeli u tome.
15:12
And please, do visit our website
295
897000
3000
I molim vas, posetite naš web sajt
15:15
to learn more and see how you can help CBNRM
296
900000
3000
da saznate više o tome kako da pomognete CBNRM
15:18
in Africa and across the world.
297
903000
3000
u Africi i širom sveta.
15:21
Thank you very much.
298
906000
3000
Mnogo vam hvala.
15:24
(Applause)
299
909000
15000
(aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
John Kasaona - ConservationistJohn Kasaona is a pioneer of community-based conservation -- working with the people who use and live on fragile land to enlist them in protecting it.
Why you should listen
John Kasaona is a leader in the drive to reinvent conservation in Namibia -- turning poachers into protectors of species. It’s a standard nature-documentary scenario: a pristine animal habitat under constant threat by the people who live there, hunting, camping, setting fires. But John Kasaona knows there is a better way to see this relationship between people and environment. As the assistant director for the Integrated Rural Development and Nature Conservation (IRDNC) , Kasaona works on ways to improve the lives of rural people in Namibia by involving them in the management of the lands they live on -- and the species that live there with them.
Kasanoa's Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) program helps rural villages set up communal conservancies, which manage and use local natural resources in a sustainable manner. Essentially, it's about restoring the balance of land and people to that of pre-colonial times, and allowing the people with the most interest in the survival of their environment to have control of it. His work was featured in the recent film Milking the Rhino.
The World Wildlife Fund has set up a portal for TEDsters to help in John Kasaona's work. Learn more >>
John Kasaona | Speaker | TED.com